2024年專業(yè)英語四級真題

專業(yè)英語四級真題(總分：99.95，做題時間：90分鐘)壹、PARTⅠDICTATION(總題數(shù)：1，分?jǐn)?shù)：10.00)1.Listentothefollowingpassage.Altogetherthepassagewillbereadtoyoufourtimes.Duringthefirstreading,whichwillbedoneatnormalspeed,listenandtrytounderstandthemeaning.Forthesecondandthirdreadings,thepassagewillbereadsentencebysentence,orphrasebyphrase,withintervalsof15seconds.Thelastreadingwillbedoneatnormalspeedagainandduringthistimeyoushouldcheckyourwork.Youwillthenbegiven1minutetocheckthroughyourworkoncemore.Listentothefollowingpassage.Altogetherthepassagewillbereadtoyoufourtimes.Duringthefirstreading,whichwillbedoneatnormalspeed,listenandtrytounderstandthemeaning.Forthesecondandthirdreadings,thepassagewillbereadsentencebysentence,orphrasebyphrase,withintervalsof15seconds.Thelastreadingwillbedoneatnormalspeedagainandduringthistimeyoushouldcheckyourwork.Youwillthenbegiven1minutetocheckthroughyourworkoncemore.

（分?jǐn)?shù)：10.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________

對的答案：()解析：[聽力原文]ThinkPositiveandFeelPositive

Areyouconfidentorinsecureinadifficultsituation?/Doyoureactpositivelyornegatively?/Theanswermaydependinpartonwhomyou"rearound./Astudyfoundthatnegativethinkingcanbecontagiousinsomecases./Forexample,theresearchersstudied103collegeroommates./Theymeasuredeachroommate"stendencytowardsnegativethinking./Itwasfoundthatthinkingpatternscanbecontagious./Studentswithanegativethinkingroommatebecamemoredepressedthemselves,/andstudentswithmorepositivethinkingroommates/weremorelikelytobecomemorepositiveaswell.

由標(biāo)題ThinkPositiveandFeelPositive可知，文章圍繞積極思維與積極感受這壹主題展開?？忌诼牭谝急闀r不要急于動筆，要把握文章整體構(gòu)造，理清思緒。聽完第壹遍可知本文分三部分——通過提問引出文章主題；明示本文觀點(diǎn)，即“身邊眾人的態(tài)度會影響人的心態(tài)，負(fù)面思維會傳染”；通過對103名大學(xué)室友的研究，證明本文觀點(diǎn)。聽第二、三遍錄音時要按意群來聽，抓住句型和關(guān)鍵詞，逐詞逐句寫出完整的句子。聽最終壹遍錄音時要邊聽邊校對，根據(jù)句子的語義、語法構(gòu)造和上下文檢查單復(fù)數(shù)、冠詞等輕易失分的細(xì)節(jié)。

文中出現(xiàn)的易錯詞有insecure和contagious。第三句中注意不要遺漏介詞in和on，并且注意該句的最終壹種單詞是around，不要誤聽為round。第六句中注意所有格形式roommate"s，因其前限定詞為each，因此，roommate為單數(shù)，不要將此處誤聽為roommates。此外，由于這項(xiàng)研究是在過去某壹時段開展的，注意有關(guān)動詞要使用壹般過去時。二、PARTⅡLISTENINGCOMPREHENSION(總題數(shù)：0，分?jǐn)?shù)：0.00)三、SECTIONATALK(總題數(shù)：1，分?jǐn)?shù)：10.00)Inthissectionyouwillhearatalk.YouwillhearthetalkONCEONLY.Whilelistening,youmaylookatANSWERSHEETONEandwriteNOMORETHANTHREEWORDSforeachgap.Makesurewhatyoufillinisbothgrammaticallyandsemanticallyacceptable.Youmayusetheblanksheetfornote-taking.

YouhaveTHIRTYsecondstopreviewthegap-fillingtask.

Nowlistentothetalk.Whenitisover,youwillbegivenTWOminutestocheckyourwork.WhatIsGrit?

Myquestions

●Whyisn"tI.Q.theonlydifferencebetweenstudents?

●Whatisthekeyto1?

MyResearch

●investigationofallkindsof2,including:

—WestPointMilitaryAcademy

—3

—privatecompanies

Myfinding:gritaspredictorofsuccess

●Gritis4forverylong-termgoals.

●Gritisworkinghardforyearstomake5.

●Gritislivingyourlifelikea6.

Mysurvey

●highschooljuniorstookgritquestionnaires

●7kidsweremorelikelytograduate

Grit-building

●littleisknownabouthowtobuildgritinstudents

●datashowgritisunrelatedto8

●growthmindsetisthebeliefthattheabilitytolearnis9

●kidswithgritbelievefailureis10

Conclusion

Weneedtobegrittyaboutgettingourkidsgrittier.Inthissectionyouwillhearatalk.YouwillhearthetalkONCEONLY.Whilelistening,youmaylookatANSWERSHEETONEandwriteNOMORETHANTHREEWORDSforeachgap.Makesurewhatyoufillinisbothgrammaticallyandsemanticallyacceptable.Youmayusetheblanksheetfornote-taking.

YouhaveTHIRTYsecondstopreviewthegap-fillingtask.

Nowlistentothetalk.Whenitisover,youwillbegivenTWOminutestocheckyourwork.WhatIsGrit?

Myquestions

●Whyisn"tI.Q.theonlydifferencebetweenstudents?

●Whatisthekeyto1?

MyResearch

●investigationofallkindsof2,including:

—WestPointMilitaryAcademy

—3

—privatecompanies

Myfinding:gritaspredictorofsuccess

●Gritis4forverylong-termgoals.

●Gritisworkinghardforyearstomake5.

●Gritislivingyourlifelikea6.

Mysurvey

●highschooljuniorstookgritquestionnaires

●7kidsweremorelikelytograduate

Grit-building

●littleisknownabouthowtobuildgritinstudents

●datashowgritisunrelatedto8

●growthmindsetisthebeliefthattheabilitytolearnis9

●kidswithgritbelievefailureis10

Conclusion

Weneedtobegrittyaboutgettingourkidsgrittier.（分?jǐn)?shù)：10.00）填空項(xiàng)1:__________________

（對的答案：success）解析：success[聽力原文]WhatIsGrit?

Goodafternoon,everyone.Today,Iwouldliketotalkaboutmyresearchprojectconcerningthekeytosuccess.Iwouldliketostartmytopicwithmyownstory.

WhenIwas27yearsold,Ileftforademandingjob—teachingseventhgradersmathintheNewYorkCitypublicschools.Andlikeanyteacher,Imadequizzesandtests.Igaveouthomeworkassignments.Whentheworkcameback,Icalculatedgrades.

WhatstruckmewasthatIQwasnottheonlydifferencebetweenmybestandmyworststudents.SomeofmystrongestperformersdidnothavesuperIQscores.Someofmysmartestkidsweren"tdoingsowell.Then,Ifeltveryinterestedinknowingthereasonwhythestudents"mathperformanceisnotthatcloselyrelatedtotheirIQscores.Istartedstudyingkidsandadultsinallkindsofchallengingsettings,andineverystudymyquestionwas,whoissuccessfulhereandwhy.MyresearchteamandIwenttoWestPointMilitaryAcademy.Wetriedtopredictwhichstudentswouldstayinmilitarytrainingandwhichwoulddropout.WewenttotheNationalSpellingContestandtriedtopredictwhichchildrenwouldadvancefurthestincompetition.Weworkedwithprivatecompanies,askingwhichofthesesalespeopleisgoingtokeeptheirjobs,andwho"sgoingtoearnthemostmoney.Wewenttomanyplacesandfinally,onecharacteristicemergedasasignificantpredictorofsuccess.Anditwasn"tsocialintelligence.Itwasn"tgoodlooks,physicalhealth,anditwasn"tIQ.Itwasgrit.

Whatisgrit?Well,gritispassionandperseveranceforverylong-termgoals.Gritisstickingwithyourfuture,dayin,dayout,notjustfortheweek,notjustforthemonth,butforyears,andworkingreallyhardtomakefutureareality.Gritislivingyourlifelikeit"samarathon,notasprint.

Afewyearsago,IstartedstudyinggritintheChicagopublicschools.Iaskedthousandsofhighschooljuniorstotakegritquestionnaires,andthenwaitedaroundmorethanayeartoseewhowouldgraduate.Itturnedoutthatgrittierkidsweresignificantlymorelikelytograduate,evenwhenImatchedthemoneverycharacteristicIcouldmeasure,thingslikefamilyincome,testscores,andsoon.

Tome,themostshockingthingaboutgritishowlittleweknow,howlittlescienceknows,aboutbuildingit.Everyday,parentsandteachersaskme,"HowdoIbuildgritinkids?HowdoIkeepthemmotivatedforthelongrun?"

Ourdatashowsveryclearlythattherearemanytalentedindividualswhosimplydonotfollowthroughontheircommitment.Infact,inourdata,gritisusuallyunrelatedtomeasuresoftalent.

Sofar,thebestideaI"veheardaboutbuildinggritinkidsissomethingcalled"growthmindset".Growthmindsetisthebeliefthattheabilitytolearnisnotfixed,thatitcanchangewithyoureffort.Kidswithgritaremuchmorelikelytoperseverewhentheyfail,becausetheydon"tbelievethatfailureisapermanentcondition.

Sogrowthmindsetisagreatideaforbuildinggrit.Butweneedmore.Andthat"swhereI"mgoingtoendmytalk,becausethat"swhereweare.That"stheworkthatstandsbeforeus.Wehavetobewillingtofail,tobewrong,tostartoveragainwithlessonslearned.

Asaconclusion,weneedtobegrittyaboutgettingourkidsgrittier.Nexttime,Iwouldliketosharewithyoumyexperienceinbuildingupstudents"grit.

細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)聽力原文可知，講座圍繞“成功的關(guān)鍵”這壹主題展開，故答案為success。解析：challengingsettings細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)聽力原文可知，為了研究究竟什么才是成功的關(guān)鍵，發(fā)言者研究了在多種具有挑戰(zhàn)性的場景下，孩子和成年人的體現(xiàn)，故答案為challengingsettings。解析：NationalSpellingContest細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)聽力原文可知，發(fā)言者的研究團(tuán)體研究了全國拼寫比賽的選手，并嘗試預(yù)測哪些孩子能在比賽中堅(jiān)持到最終，故答案為NationalSpellingContest。解析：passionandperseverance細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)聽力原文可知，毅力是指在實(shí)現(xiàn)長期目的這壹過程中的激情與堅(jiān)持，故答案為passionandperseverance。解析：futureareality細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)聽力原文可知，毅力是你對未來的堅(jiān)持，曰復(fù)壹曰，不是僅僅持續(xù)壹周或壹種月，而是年復(fù)壹年的努力奮斗，從而實(shí)現(xiàn)自已對未來的展望，故答案為futureareality，注意不要遺漏不定冠詞a。解析：marathon細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)聽力原文可知，毅力是把生活當(dāng)作壹場馬拉松，而不是壹次短跑，故答案為marathon。解析：grittier細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)聽力原文可知，在芝加哥公立學(xué)校的研究成果證明，更有毅力的學(xué)生明顯在畢業(yè)概率上占絕對優(yōu)勢，故答案為grittier。解析：measuresoftalent細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)聽力原文可知，實(shí)際上，根據(jù)數(shù)據(jù)來看，毅力壹般與衡量才華的原則無關(guān)，故答案為measuresoftalent。解析：9notfixed/changeable細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)聽力原文可知，成長型思維模式是指人的學(xué)習(xí)能力不是壹成不變的，它會伴隨你的努力程度而發(fā)生變化，故答案為notfixed或changeable。解析：atemporarycondition概括題。根據(jù)聽力原文可知，擁有毅力這壹品質(zhì)的孩子們在失敗後更有也許繼續(xù)堅(jiān)持，由于他們并不認(rèn)為失敗是壹種長期不變的狀態(tài)。根據(jù)字?jǐn)?shù)規(guī)定，答案可概括為atemporarycondition。四、SECTIONBCONVERSATIONS(總題數(shù)：0，分?jǐn)?shù)：0.00)五、ConversationOne(總題數(shù)：1，分?jǐn)?shù)：5.00)（分?jǐn)?shù)：5.00）

A.Totellthemanthathehasbeenshortlistedforinterview.

B.Toaskthemanafewquestionsabouthisinterview.

C.Toexplaintothemanhowtomakeapresentation.

D.Totellthemantheprocedureoftheinterview.

√解析：[聽力原文]

W:Hello,thisisKateSmith.I"mcallingfromABCCompany.

M:Oh,hello,Kate.Greattohearfromyou.

W:You"vealreadybeentoldthatyou"vebeenshortlistedforinterview.

M:Oh,yes.

W:Well,weareveryexcitedaboutmeetingyou.OK,Ijustwanttotalkyouthroughtheprocedurefortheday.Someonewillmeetyouwhenyouarrive,andthenbringyouuptomeetmyselfandArthurMiller,theCEO.

M:OK,soundsgood.Sowillyoubetheonlymembersoftheinterviewpaneltherethen?

W:Yes,it"llbejustmeandArthurwhowilltalktoyou.Theinterviewwillbeinthreeparts.Firstofall,we"llaskyousomegeneralquestionsaboutyourselfandyoureducationalandprofessionalbackground,andthenwe"llmoveontospecifics.

M:Oh,er,specifics?Well,er...whatkindofquestionswillyoubeasking?

W:Well,it"llbeverysimilartothepersonalstatementyousubmittedwithyourCV.We"llbeexpectingyouto...togiveactualexamplesofproblemsyou"vefacedandsolved,andofwhatyoufeelarethemajorsuccessesinyourcareersofar.

M:OK,well.Yeah,thatsoundsgreat.Can"twait!

W:Thenthere"llbeachanceforyoutoaskusanyquestions—aboutthejobitself,orABCCompanyingeneral.

M:Oh,um...OK.I"llthinkofsomething!

W:Afterthat,we"dlikeyoutogiveashortpresentationonhowyouseeABCasacompanyprogressing,andhowyouseeyourselftakingusthere.

M:OK,sowillIbeexpectedtogivelikeaformalstylepresentation?

W:Itcanbeasformalorinformalasyoulike.There"llbeacomputerandadataprojectorthereavailable.Ifyouneedanythingelse,justletusknow.

M:Oh,um...OK,apresentation!I"llthinkofsomething.Ihaven"tdoneoneofthoseinawhile.

W:Isthatallclear?

M:Yes.

W:Great.So,Daniel,I"llseeyouat11a.m.,Thursdaynextweek.

M:OK,great.Ilookforwardtomeetingyou!Thanks,bye.

W:Bye.

Whydoesthewomancalltheman?

細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)聽力原文可知，女士給男士打電話的目的是想要與男士溝通壹下面試當(dāng)曰的整個流程，因此D為答案。

A.Questionsrelatedtothejob.

√

B.Generalquestionsabouthimself.

C.SpecificquestionsabouthisCV.

D.Questionsabouthisfutureplan.解析：[聽力原文]

Whatkindofquestionscanthemanaskintheinterview?

細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)聽力原文可知，女士稱，男士有機(jī)會向面試方提出任何問題，可以有關(guān)工作自身，也可以有關(guān)ABC企業(yè)的概況，故A為答案。

A.Questionsfromtheinterviewers.

B.Questionsfromtheinterviewee.

C.Presentationfromtheinterviewee.

√

D.Requestsfromtheinterviewee.解析：[聽力原文]

Whichisthelastpartoftheinterview?

細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)聽力原文可知，在完畢雙方問答環(huán)節(jié)後，面試方還但愿男士可以做壹種簡短的陳說，因此C為答案。

A.Educationalandprofessionalbackground.

B.Problemshehasfacedandsolved.

C.Majorsuccessesinhiscareersofar.

D.Companyfutureandhiscontribution.

√解析：[聽力原文]

Whatmightbeexpectedfromtheman"spresentation?

細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)聽力原文可知，面試方期望男士在陳說中論述壹下他對ABC企業(yè)發(fā)展前景的見解以及他在企業(yè)未來發(fā)展中可以做出的奉獻(xiàn)，因此D為答案。

A.11a.m.,nextTuesday.

B.11a.m.,nextThursday.

√

C.9a.m.,thisTuesday.

D.9a.m.,thisThursday.解析：[聽力原文]

Whenistheinterviewscheduled?

細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)聽力原文可知，女士稱將在下周四上午拾壹點(diǎn)與男士會面，因此面試時間為下周四上午拾壹點(diǎn)，故B為答案。六、ConversationTwo(總題數(shù)：1，分?jǐn)?shù)：5.00)（分?jǐn)?shù)：5.00）

A.Thedisadvantagesofcollegeloans.

B.Governmentfinancingincollegeeducation.

C.Howtohandletheproblemofcollegeloans.

√

D.Howcollegestudentspayfortheireducation.解析：[聽力原文]

W:Itsaysagrowingnumberofstudentsaremakingamajorholefromtheminutetheyentertherealworldbecausetheyarealready,someofthem,morethan100,000dollarsindebt.WithusnowisMarkSpenser.HeistheseniorfinancialanalystfromSBCBank.Welcometoyou.

M:Thankyou.Nicetobewithyou.

W:Now,Iguesstherearetwokindsofdebts,gooddebtandbaddebt.Wheredoesthisgo?

M:Well,studentloandebtistraditionallyconsideredgooddebt,buttheproblemformanystudentsandtheirfamiliesisthatthecostofcollegeshasbeengoingupat6to8percentayear,farfasterthantheincome,farfasterthanthestandardofliving.Thatmeansdebt"stakingonabiggerandbiggerroleinfinancingeducation.

W:Howmuchdebtistoomuchdebtfor...foronestudent?

M:Well,oneguidelineisthatyoulookatthefirstyearsalaryinyourfieldaftergraduation,andusethatasabarometer,buteventhen...

W:Isthatright?

M:Well,youaretalkingbigpaymentseveninthatinstance,forexample,30,000dollarsworthofdebt.Ifyouaregonnarepaythatover10years,youaretalkingmorethan300dollarsamonththat,inpaymentseverymonthfor10years.

W:Butthereissurelymorethanonewaytogetaloanforcollege.Therearegovernmentprograms.Therearesomanykindsofgrants.What"s...what"sthebestadviceforpeoplewhoarelookingfortheseloanstotrytokeepthemselvesfromgoingunder?

M:Iunderstandthatloansarejustonewayofcollegefinance.Takeadvantageoftheotheropportunities.Thingslikeacollegesavingsplanlet...letyousaveonataxadvantagebasis.Soyoucanputmoneyawayintheseaccountsandwithdrawtax-freetopayforthateducation.

W:So,it"simportanttostartearlyandthatreallyreducesthatrelianceondebtlater.

M:Anotherthing,leavenostoneunturned,lookingatgrants,scholarships,evenon-campusjobs.Imeaneverydollaryougetthatwayisseenasanotherdollaryoudon"thavetoborrowlater.

W:Thekindsofjobsthatsomanystudents,freshoffstudents,liketogointo,er,charitystuff,volunteerwork.Thisdebtiseliminatingalotofthat,isn"tit?

M:Ithinkthat"sthesocialcost.Really,Imean...youknow,whenyouconsiderthat,youknow,peoplemaypassuparewardingcareerincharitablework,ornon-profitorganizationbecausetheyhavetogetahighersalarysomeplaceelsetopayoffthatdebt.

W:Yeah,that"sforsure.MarkSpenser,seniorfinancialanalystfromSBCBank.Mark,goodyoucouldbehere.

M:Thankyou.

Whatistheinterviewmainlyabout?

主旨題。根據(jù)聽力原文可知，對話提到學(xué)生貸款的最高額度，根據(jù)聽力原文可知，學(xué)生可以通過多種渠道獲取貸款，聽力原文提到學(xué)生應(yīng)當(dāng)嘗試通過助學(xué)金、獎學(xué)金、校內(nèi)工作機(jī)會等渠道來減少負(fù)債。綜合來看，對話圍繞應(yīng)當(dāng)怎樣處理大學(xué)貸款問題展開，因此C為答案。對話中并沒有過多地談?wù)搶W(xué)生貸款的不利方面，故排除A；對話中并未提及政府資助，故排除B；對話中并沒有列舉學(xué)生實(shí)際支付教育費(fèi)用的方式，故排除D。

A.Ithasincreasedby6to8%.

√

B.Ithasincreasedby8to10%.

C.Ithasdecreasedby6to8%.

D.Ithasdecreasedby8to10%.解析：[聽力原文]

Howdoesthecostofcollegeeducationchangeeveryyear?

細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)聽力原文可知，大學(xué)教育費(fèi)用每年都會上漲6%到8%，因此A為答案。

A.Student"sfamilyincome.

B.Firstyearsalaryaftergraduation.

√

C.Afixedamountof30,000dollars.

D.Paymentinthenexttenyears.解析：[聽力原文]

Whatisusedtomeasurestudentloandebtasaguideline?

細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)聽力原文可知，判斷學(xué)生貸款數(shù)目與否太高的壹種指導(dǎo)原則就是參照你所在行業(yè)畢業(yè)後第壹年的收入，并把它當(dāng)作壹種晴雨表，因此B為答案。

A.Studentscanborrowmoneyfirst.

B.Studentspaynotaxonsavings.

C.Studentspaylesstaxaftergraduation.

D.Studentswithdrawwithoutpayingtax.

√解析：[聽力原文]

Whatistheadvantageofjoiningacollegesavingsplan?

細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)聽力原文可知，高校儲蓄計(jì)劃可以使人們由于免稅而省錢，因此可以先將錢存入這些賬戶，然後不用繳納稅款就可以取款，以此來支付學(xué)費(fèi)，因此D為答案。

A.Givingupcharitableorvolunteerwork.

√

B.Neglectingtheirstudyatcollege.

C.Givingupfurthereducation.

D.Neglectinghighsalaryinjob-seeking.解析：[聽力原文]

Whatisthepossiblesocialcostofacollegeloan?

推斷題。由聽力原文可知，女士提到了某些有關(guān)慈善工作和志愿工作的問題，男士說這是社會成本；由聽力原文可知，男士認(rèn)為人們會放棄在慈善機(jī)構(gòu)或非盈利組織中故意義的工作，由于他們?yōu)榱诉€清債務(wù)，必須選擇其他工資更高的地方，因此A為答案。七、PARTⅢLANGUAGEKNOWLEDGE(總題數(shù)：20，分?jǐn)?shù)：20.00)2.HowcanIconcentrateifyou______continually______mewithsillyquestions?

（分?jǐn)?shù)：1.00）

A.errupted

√

B.errupted

C.errupting

D.errupting解析：時態(tài)題。本句中，continually壹詞表明interrupt這壹動作反復(fù)進(jìn)行。表達(dá)不停反復(fù)的動作可以用目前進(jìn)行時或目前完畢時。目前進(jìn)行時用于少數(shù)瞬間動詞，可表達(dá)不停反復(fù)的動作；目前完畢時常可表達(dá)過去反復(fù)的動作，常與always，often，manytimes等狀語連用。結(jié)合本句句意可知，“打擾”這壹動作持續(xù)了壹段時間，在過去反復(fù)進(jìn)行，并且對目前導(dǎo)致影響，符合目前完畢時的使用方法，故本題答案為A。選項(xiàng)B語態(tài)不對，選項(xiàng)C時態(tài)不對，均可排除；本句只是陳說事實(shí)，不波及虛擬語氣，若選D，則主從句時態(tài)不壹致，排除D。3.Amongthefoursentencesbelow,Sentence______expressesthehighestdegreeofpossibility.

（分?jǐn)?shù)：1.00）

A.Itmaytakealongtimetofindasolutiontotheproblem.

B.Itmighttakealongtimetofindasolutiontotheproblem.

C.Itcouldtakealongtimetofindasolutiontotheproblem.

D.Itshouldtakealongtimetofindasolutiontotheproblem.

√解析：情態(tài)動詞題。情態(tài)動詞中，除了need和dare以外，其他情態(tài)動詞都可以表達(dá)也許性，不過它們表達(dá)也許性的程度不壹樣，按照從弱到強(qiáng)、從或然性到必然性排列依次是：might，may，could，can，should，oughtto，would，must，因此D為答案。4.Sheisabetterspeakerthan______intheclass.

（分?jǐn)?shù)：1.00）

A.anyboy

√

B.theotherboys

C.otheranygirl

D.allthegirls解析：限定詞使用方法題。根據(jù)題干和選項(xiàng)可知，題干中的she要么是與班上其他女孩進(jìn)行比較，要么是與班上所有男孩進(jìn)行比較。指在同壹范圍內(nèi)除了某人或某物以外的所有其他的人或事物，用“theother+復(fù)數(shù)名詞”，B中的boys改為girls才是同壹范圍，因此排除B；指在同壹范圍內(nèi)除了某人或某物以外的任何壹種人或事物，用“anyother+單數(shù)名詞”或者“anyoftheother+復(fù)數(shù)名詞”，如：ShanghaiislargerthananyothercityinChina.故排除C和D；相比較的兩者不在同壹范圍或不屬于同壹類別時，則不用other，如：ShanghaiislargerthananycityinIndia.此時any與單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞搭配，則相稱于every，表達(dá)全體中的“任何壹種”，因此A為答案。5.Nobodyheardhimsing,______.

（分?jǐn)?shù)：1.00）

A.didone

B.didhe

C.didn"tthey

D.didthey

√解析：反意疑問句題。反意疑問句由兩部分構(gòu)成：前壹部分是壹種陳說句，後壹部分是壹種簡短的疑問句，兩部分的人稱和時態(tài)應(yīng)保持壹致。疑問句的主語和陳說部分的主語保持壹致，都用主格形式，當(dāng)陳說部分的主語是one時，背面的疑問句才用one(或者h(yuǎn)e)，故排除A；反意疑問句重要有兩種形式：陳說部分肯定式+疑問部分否認(rèn)式(前肯後否)；陳說部分否認(rèn)式+疑問部分肯定式(前否後肯)，題干中陳說部分的主語nobody為否認(rèn)詞，因此疑問部分應(yīng)當(dāng)用肯定式，故排除C；當(dāng)陳說部分的主語是somebody，someone，everybody，everyone，nobody等不定代詞時，其疑問部分的主語用they，因此D為答案，同步排除B。6.Ican"tputupwith______.

（分?jǐn)?shù)：1.00）

A.thatfriendofyou

B.thatfriendofyours

√

C.thefriendofyou

D.thefriendofyours解析：限定詞使用方法題。名詞性物主代詞修飾名詞時，不可與a，an，this，that等詞壹起前置，必須使用雙重所有格(即of+名詞性物主代詞)作定語放在名詞背面，其構(gòu)成形式為：a/an/this/that+名詞+of+名詞性物主代詞，因此B為答案。此類構(gòu)造中，名詞前壹般不用the，排除D。7.Therehasbeenanincreasingnumberof______inprimaryschoolsinthepastfewyears.

（分?jǐn)?shù)：1.00）

A.manteacher

B.menteacher

C.manteachers

D.menteachers

√解析：名詞使用方法題?！癮numberof+復(fù)數(shù)名詞”，意為“大量……，許多……”，故排除A和B；名詞修飾名詞時，壹般狀況下，不管被修飾的名詞是單數(shù)還是復(fù)數(shù)，作定語用的名詞壹律用單數(shù)形式，但由man或woman作定語修飾名詞時，其單復(fù)數(shù)形式由它背面的名詞來決定，背面的名詞是單數(shù)時，man或woman用單數(shù)形式；背面的名詞是復(fù)數(shù)時，則用復(fù)數(shù)形式，因此D為答案。8.Thisisoneoftheissuesthatdeserve______.

（分?jǐn)?shù)：1.00）

A.beingmentioned

B.mentioning

√

C.tomention

D.formention解析：非謂語動詞題。deserve意為“應(yīng)得，值得”，其後接不定式，若背面所接的動詞表達(dá)積極意義，則用不定式的積極式todo；若背面所接的動詞表達(dá)被動意義，則用不定式的被動式tobedone或者動名詞doing(即用積極形式表達(dá)被動意義)。類似的動詞尚有need，want和require等。題干中that引導(dǎo)的定語從句修飾先行詞issues，作從句主語，根據(jù)句意，“問題”應(yīng)當(dāng)是“值得被提到”，因此B為答案，即mentioning積極形式表達(dá)被動意義。9.Theaudience______excitedonseeing______favoritestarglideontothestage.

（分?jǐn)?shù)：1.00）

A.were...their

√

B.were...its

C.was...their

D.was...one"s解析：主謂壹致題。本題考察的是集體名詞作主語時的主謂壹致問題。audience屬于集體名詞，形式為單數(shù)，但意義有單、復(fù)數(shù)之分：若強(qiáng)調(diào)整體，表達(dá)單數(shù)意義，謂語動詞用單數(shù)；若強(qiáng)調(diào)其個體組員，表達(dá)復(fù)數(shù)意義，謂語動詞則用復(fù)數(shù)。在使用此類集體名詞時應(yīng)尤其注意的是，在壹種句子中前後意義不可自相矛盾，即集體名詞用作單數(shù)時，除了接單數(shù)動詞外，對應(yīng)的人稱代詞或補(bǔ)足語也要用單數(shù)，反之則用復(fù)數(shù)，因此A為答案。10.______youradvice,Iwouldhavemadethewrongdecision.

（分?jǐn)?shù)：1.00）

A.Hadn"titbeenfor

B.Haditnotbeenfor

√

C.Haditbeenfor

D.Hadnotitbeenfor解析：虛擬語氣題。在if引導(dǎo)的虛擬條件句中，句型ifithadn"tbeenfor表達(dá)與過去的事實(shí)相反，意為“要不是，若非”，根據(jù)句意，排除C；當(dāng)虛擬條件句的從句部分具有were，should或had時，可省略if，把were，should或had挪至從句句首，構(gòu)成倒裝構(gòu)造。若從句為否認(rèn)句，否認(rèn)詞not應(yīng)置于主語之後，而不能與were，should或had等縮略成Weren"t，Shouldn"t或Hadn"t置于句首，因此B為答案。11.ThesentenceIwishIhadbeenmorecarefulinspendingmoneyexpressesthespeaker"s______.

（分?jǐn)?shù)：1.00）

A.hope

B.joy

C.regret

√

D.relief解析：虛擬語氣題。動詞wish後接賓語從句時，從句謂語要用虛擬語氣。若表達(dá)與目前事實(shí)相反的愿望，從句謂語用壹般過去時或過去進(jìn)行時；若對過去發(fā)生的事情表達(dá)遺憾或懊悔，從句謂語用過去完畢時或would/couldhavedone；若對未來發(fā)生的事情表達(dá)祝愿或愿望時，從句謂語用would/coulddo。題干中wish之後的賓語從句是過去完畢時，并且句意也表明說話人對自已之前亂花錢感到非常懊悔，因此C為答案。12.TheAttorneyGeneralorderedafederalautopsyofBrown"sbody,seekingto______thefamilyandcommunitytherewouldbeathoroughinvestigationintohisdeath.

（分?jǐn)?shù)：1.00）

A.ensure

B.insure

C.assure

√

D.ascertain解析：動詞辨析題。A．ensure意為“保證，保證”，即保證某事發(fā)生(tomakesurethatsth.happens)，其後往往不跟間接賓語sb.，常用構(gòu)造為：①ensuresth.；②ensure+that-clause；③ensure+賓語+賓語補(bǔ)足語；B．insure意為“投?！?，與題意不符；C．a(chǎn)ssure意為“向……保證，使……確信”，即向某人保證某事將要發(fā)生，既可以用來確證某事，也可以表達(dá)使某人確信，assure的賓語壹般是人或人稱代詞，其後不能直接跟that-clause，常用構(gòu)造為：①assuresb.+that-clause；②assuresb.ofsth.；D．a(chǎn)scertain意為“確定，查明”，壹般指意識到了自已的無知之後通過故意識的努力來弄清真相或找出事實(shí)，與題意不符。題干中，thefamilyandcommunity為間接賓語，therewouldbeathoroughinvestigationintohisdeath為省略了that的從句，作直接賓語，因此C為答案。13.Thepolicedepartmentcameunderstrongcriticismforboththedeathofanunarmedmananditshandlingofthe______.

（分?jǐn)?shù)：1.00）

A.consequence

B.outcome

C.result

D.aftermath

√解析：名詞辨析題。A．consequence意為“成果；後果”，多指隨某壹事件引起的，必然或自然的不良成果，但也可用于表達(dá)某抽象概念的成果，此時可與result互換；B．outcome意為“成果，結(jié)局”，指預(yù)先不懂得的成果或結(jié)局；C．result意為“成果”，壹般用詞，含義廣泛，指做某事產(chǎn)生的直接成果，或指某抽象概念的成果；D．a(chǎn)ftermath意為“後果，余波”，指發(fā)生天災(zāi)人禍之後隨之而來的不良的，甚至更嚴(yán)重的後果或余波，如：dealwiththeaftermathofthetrafficaccident(處理這次交通事故的善後工作)。根據(jù)句意，警察部門飽受訓(xùn)斥并非是由于其對男子死亡事件成果的處理，而是對該事件後續(xù)工作的處理，因此D為答案。14.TheForeignSecretarytriedto______doubtsabouthishandlingofthecrisis.

（分?jǐn)?shù)：1.00）

A.dispel

√

B.expel

C.repel

D.quell解析：動詞辨析題。A．dispel意為“消除”，即tomakesth.，especiallyafeelingorbelief，goawayordisappear，原指壹物使另壹物分散消失，從“驅(qū)散”引申出“消除”疑慮、恐驚、誤會等，根據(jù)句意，A為答案。B．expel意為“驅(qū)逐；開除”，與題意不符；C．repel意為“抵制；使……厭惡”，與題意不符；D．quell意為“制止；平息；彈壓”，即toendasituationinwhichpeoplearebehavingviolentlyorprotesting,especiallybyusingforce，雖然quell也有“消除”之意，但壹般用在文學(xué)中，且結(jié)合本題句意和搭配可知，quell不如dispel合適，故排除。15.Mutualfundsarethusbestforinvestorswhodon"twanttotakethetimetostudystocksindetailorwho______theresourcestobuildaportfolio.

（分?jǐn)?shù)：1.00）

A.deprive

B.lack

√

C.yearn

D.attain解析：動詞辨析題。A．deprive意為“使……喪失，剝奪”，常用構(gòu)造為deprivesb.ofsth.；B．lack意為“缺乏”；C．yearn意為“渴望”，常用構(gòu)造為yearnforsth./sb.或yearntodosth.；D．a(chǎn)ttain意為“得到，獲得”。該句中，or連接了兩個定語從句，or連接并列構(gòu)造時，前後兩個成分必須壹致，第壹種定語從句為否認(rèn)句，第二個定語從句也應(yīng)表達(dá)否認(rèn)含義，故根據(jù)句意，B為答案。16.Chrisran______Johnatasporting-goodstradeshowandthetwoquicklystruck______aneasyrapport.

（分?jǐn)?shù)：1.00）

A.into...up

√

B.o

C.across...on

D.o解析：詞組辨析題。runinto意為“偶爾遇見；撞上”，strikeup意為“建立(友誼，關(guān)系等)；開始演奏(樂曲)”；runon意為“持續(xù)(超過預(yù)定的時間)”，strikeinto意為“忽然進(jìn)入；忽然開始”；runacross意為“偶爾遇見；跑著穿過”，strikeon意為“發(fā)現(xiàn)；想出”；runagainst意為“偶爾遇見；與……相撞”。根據(jù)句意，A為答案。17."Iamleavingthecountrysoon,"hetolda______convenedgroupofreporters.

（分?jǐn)?shù)：1.00）

A.especially

B.particularly

C.specially

√

D.specifically解析：副詞辨析題。A．especially意為“尤其，尤其是”，相稱于inparticular，表達(dá)某事物在意義、程度、重要性上超過其他事物，突出到“尤其地”的程度，壹般用來對前面所述的事件進(jìn)行深入闡明或補(bǔ)充，多用于正式文體；B．particularly意為“尤其地”，往往著重闡明與同類事物不壹樣的個別事物；C．specially意為“特意地，專門地”，相稱于onpurpose，表達(dá)為了某壹特定目的而“特意”或“專門”采用某壹方式做某事；D．specifically意為“明確地，詳細(xì)地”，相稱于indetail，給出詳細(xì)的信息。根據(jù)句意，C為答案。18.IsraelandHamashadreachedadealonextendingthe______ceasefirebyanextra24hoursuntilTuesdayatmidnight.

（分?jǐn)?shù)：1.00）

A.contemporary

B.makeshift

C.spontaneous

D.temporary

√解析：形容詞辨析題。A．contemporary意為“現(xiàn)代的，同步代的”；B．makeshift意為“臨時替代的，權(quán)宜的”，如：Theymadeamakeshifttablefromboxes.(他們把箱子做成壹張臨時用的桌子。)C．spontaneous意為“自發(fā)的，自然的”；D．temporary意為“臨時的，臨時的”，即lastingorintendedtolastonlyforashorttime，如：temporarywork(臨時工作)。根據(jù)句意，D為答案。19.______tounpluggingthealarmclockandtrustingyourabilitytowakeontimeonyourown,youshouldprobablyeaseyourselfintothenewarrangementbykeepingaveryregularscheduleforseveralweeks.

（分?jǐn)?shù)：1.00）

A.Due

B.Prior

√

C.Related

D.Thanks解析：詞組辨析題。dueto意為“由于”，引導(dǎo)原因狀語；priorto意為“在……之前”，引導(dǎo)時間狀語；relatedto意為“與……有關(guān)”，引導(dǎo)伴隨狀語；thanksto意為“由于，幸虧”，引導(dǎo)原因狀語。根據(jù)句意，B為答案。20.Ifyouareanathlete,strongabdominalmuscleshelpyouensureastrongbackandfreedomfrominjuryduring______upper-bodymovement.

（分?jǐn)?shù)：1.00）

A.valiant

B.variable

C.vigilant

D.vigorous

√解析：形容詞辨析題。A．valiant意為“英勇的，勇敢的”；B．variable意為“多變的，易變的”；C．vigilant意為“警惕的，警醒的”；D．vigorous意為“強(qiáng)有力的(運(yùn)動、活動)；精力充沛的(人)”。根據(jù)句意，D為答案。21.Finningisacruel______inwhichtheshark"sfinsareloppedoff,andthelivesharkisthrownbacktosea.

（分?jǐn)?shù)：1.00）

A.reality

B.truth

C.practice

√

D.skill解析：名詞辨析題。A．reality用作可數(shù)名詞時，意為“事實(shí)；實(shí)際經(jīng)歷”；B．truth用作可數(shù)名詞時，意為“真理”；C．practice意為“做法，行為”；D．skill意為“技能，技術(shù)”。根據(jù)句意，C為答案。八、PARTⅣCLOZE(總題數(shù)：1，分?jǐn)?shù)：10.00)A.ampleB.combinationsC.directlyD.disseminatedE.generations

F.genuinelyG.insteadH.listsI.promulgatedJ.publicized

K.scantL.shapedM.sophisticatedN.transplantedO.virtual

Imagineaworldwithoutwriting.Obviouslytherewouldbenobooks:nonovels,noencyclopedias,nocookbooks,notextbooks,notelephonebooks,noscriptures,nodiaries,notravelguides.Therewouldbenoball-points,notypewriters,nocomputers,noInternet,nomagazines,nomoviecredits,noshoppinglists,nonewspapers,notaxreturns.Butsuch1ofobjectsalmostmissthepoint.Theworldweliveinhasbeenindeliblymarkedbythewrittenword,2bythetechnologyofwritingoverthousandsofyears.Ancientkingsproclaimedtheirauthorityand3theirlawsinwriting.Scribesadministeredgreatempiresbywriting,theirknowledgeofrecordingandretrievinginformationessentialtogoverningcomplexsocieties.Religioustraditionswerepassedonthrough4,andspreadtoothers,inwriting.Scientificandtechnologicalprogresswasachievedand5throughwriting.Accountsintradeandcommercecouldbekeptbecauseofwriting.Nearlyeverystepofcivilizationhasbeenmediatedthroughwriting.Aworldwithoutwritingwouldbear6resemblancetotheonewenowlivein.Writingisa7necessitytothesocietiesanthropologistscallcivilizations.Acivilizationisdistinguishedfromothersocietiesbythecomplexityofitssocialorganization,byitsconstructionofcitiesandlargepublicbuildings,andbytheeconomicspecializationofitsmembers,manyofwhomarenot8involvedinfoodprocurementorproduction.Acivilization,withitstaxationandtributesystems,itstradeanditspublicworks,requiresa9systemofrecordkeeping.AndsotheearlycivilizationsofEgypt,China,and(probably)Indiaalldevelopedasystemofwriting.OnlythePeruviancivilizationoftheIncasandtheirpredecessorsdidnotusewritingbut10inventedasystemofkeepingrecordsonknottedcolor-codedstringsknownasquipu.（分?jǐn)?shù)：10.00）解析：H空格前面是such，背面是介詞of，因此空格處應(yīng)填入名詞。由空格句之前的兩個存在句可知，沒有文字，世界上就沒有許多東西，再根據(jù)上下文可推斷，此處應(yīng)填入lists“清單”，指代上文羅列的物品，故H為答案。解析：L分析句子構(gòu)造可知，逗號之前是完整的被動句，因此逗號之後的成分應(yīng)是狀語或定語，結(jié)合空格後的bythetechnolog