2018年軍隊(duì)文職人員招聘《英語語言文學(xué) 》試題（網(wǎng)友回憶版）

2018年軍隊(duì)文職人員招聘《英語語言文學(xué)》試題（網(wǎng)友回憶版）

［單選題］1.Myideaofaholidayistobookmyselfintoafive-star

hotelandjust-intheluxuryforaweek.

A.bellow

B.burrow

C.fallow

D.wallow

參考答案：D

［單選題］5.HeworkedasabuilderinChicagoand—halfhismonthly

wagetohisfamilyinthePhilippines.

A.refunded

B.remitted

C.reposed

D.rebuffed

參考答案：B

［單選題］6.Thesceneissobeautifulthatit一mypowerofdescription.

A.transports

B.transfers

C.transcend

D.transforms

參考答案：C

［單選題］7.Mygrandfather,aretiredworker,often一thepastwitha

feelingoflongingandrespect.

A.contemplates

B.contrives

C.considers

D?contacts

參考答案：A

［單選題］8?Theirhappinesswasvery——.

A.crisp

B.brittle

C.delicate

D.fragile

參考答案：D

［單選題］9.Despitehiswealthandposition,hehasan一personality.

A.unassuming

B.unprecedented

C.undermining

D.uncouth

參考答案：A

［單選題］10.Althoughthediseasethreatensthelivesofseveral

thousandpeopleeveryyear,the—ofsuppliesandequipmenthas

hamperedtheprogressofmedicalresearchforacure.

A.rarity

B.scarcity

C.infrequency

D.poverty

參考答案：B

［單選題］11.Reportssaythatearlierthisyear,thesuspectwastaken

toahospitalformedicaltreatmentbutremainedinpolice—?

A.curfew

B.custody

C.detainment

D.bail

參考答案：B

［單選題］12.Asmyexamsarecomingnextweek,Iwilltakeadvantageof

thisweekto-onsomereading.

A.catchup

B.clearup

C.makeup

D.pickup

參考答案：A

［單選題］13.Tosavegas,peopleshouldbeencouragedtojointhecar

insteadoffiningthemwhenfoundinsuchactivities.

A.pool

B.club

C.group

D.service

參考答案：A

［單選題］14.Rainiswelcome,buta(an)__largeamountofrainfall

willcausefloods.

A.extensively

B.extremely

C.specially

D.constantly

參考答案：B

［單選題］15.Apartfromphilosophicalandlegalreasonsforrespecting

patients'wishes,thereareseveralpracticalreasonswhydoctors

should一toinvolvepatientsintheirmedicalcaredecisions.

A.enhance

B.enforce

C.endeavor

D.struggle

參考答案：C

［單選題］16__withthesizeofthecountry,thenumberofpopulation

doesnotseemlargeatall.

A.Compared

B.Becompared

C.Comparing

D.Compare

參考答案：A

［單選題］17.StephenHawkinghasmadeanotherwonderfuldiscovery,——of

greatimportancetoscience.

A.whichIthinkitis

B.Ithinkwhichis

C.ofwhichIthink

D.whichIthinkis

參考答案：D

［單選題］18.Wewenttothenightclublastnight,andweaskedthe

waiterfor_and

A.twocupsoftea;fourcoffee

B.twoteas;fourcoffee

C.twoteas;fourcoffees

D.twocupoftea;fourcupofcoffee

參考答案：C

［單選題］19.Thecommitteecan,tcometoadecision,because-atodds.

A.theyare

B.itis

C.ithas

D.theyhave

參考答案：A

［單選題］20.Enginestomachines-heartstoanimals.

A.like

B.as

C.what

D.when

參考答案：C

［單選題］21.WhichofthefollowingisinthesouthwestofAmerica?—

A.Maine

B.Colorado

C.Arizona

D.BothAandB

參考答案：C

［單選題］22.Duringthereignof—,thechurchinEnglandassertedits

independencefromtheRomanCatholicChurch.

A.EdwardVI

B.KingJohn

C.KingJams1

D.HenryV1H

參考答案：D

［單選題］23__isthehighestjuridicalofficerinBritain.

A.TheLordChancellor

B.TheHomeSecretary

C.TheAttorneyGeneral

D.Theprimeminister

參考答案：A

［單選題］24.TheEconomistisoneofthemostimportant―inBritain.

A.weeklyreviews

B.quarterlyreviews

C.dailynewspapers

D?Sundaynewspapers

參考答案：A

［單選題］25.TranscendentalismismovementstartedintheUSby-

A.WashingtonIrving

B.RalphWaldoEmerson

C.HenryDavidThoreau

D.NathanielHawthorne

參考答案：B

［單選題］26.Incross-culturalcommunication,一mistakesisnotso

obviousasgrammaticalonesbutareevenmoredisastrous.

A.semantic

B.pragmatic

C.phonetic

D.stylistic

參考答案：B

［單選題］27.Thewordmeaninginthedictionaryiscalledthemeaning.

A.connotative

B.denotative

C.collocative

D.stylistic

參考答案：B

［單選題］28issometimescalled"theworld，sbiggestfarm”.

A.Australia

B.NewZealand

C.Canada

D.theUnitedStates

參考答案：B

［單選題］29.InthehistoryofEnglishliterature,thesecondhalfof

the18thcenturyissometimescalled一

A.Pope

B.Dryden

C.Johnson

D.Defoe

參考答案：C

［單選題］30.Whichofthefollowingisnotoneof"theLakePoets”?—

A.WilliamWordsworth

B.SamuelTaylorColeridge

C.RobertSouthey

D.WalterScott

參考答案：D

［問答題］L請把下段文字翻譯成英語：“讓我們共建開放創(chuàng)新的世界經(jīng)濟(jì)。創(chuàng)

新發(fā)展是引領(lǐng)世界經(jīng)濟(jì)持續(xù)發(fā)展的必然選擇。當(dāng)前，新一輪科技革命和產(chǎn)業(yè)變

革正處在實(shí)現(xiàn)重大突破的歷史關(guān)口。各國應(yīng)該加強(qiáng)創(chuàng)新合作，推動科技同經(jīng)濟(jì)

深度融合，加強(qiáng)創(chuàng)新成果共享，努力打破制約知識、技術(shù)、人才等創(chuàng)新要素流

動的壁壘，支持企業(yè)自主開展技術(shù)交流合作，讓創(chuàng)新源泉充分涌流。為了更好

運(yùn)用知識的創(chuàng)造以造福人類，我們應(yīng)該共同加強(qiáng)知識產(chǎn)權(quán)保護(hù)，而不是搞知識

封鎖，制造甚至擴(kuò)大科技鴻溝?！?/p>

參考答案：Second,letusworktogethertobuildanopenworld

economywithinnovation.Innovation-drivendevelopmentisessentialto

sustainedgrowthoftheworldeconomy.Whatweareseeingisanew

roundofscientificandtechnologicalrevolutionandindustrial

transformation.Ithasreachedahistoricjuncturewhenmajor

breakthroughsarewithinsight.Countriesneedtostepupcooperation

ininnovation.Weneedtofacilitateintegrationofscienceand

technologywitheconomicgrowth,andincreasethesharingof

innovationresults.Weneedtoremovebarriersthathampertheflow

ofknowledge,technology,talentsandotherfactorsofinnovation,and

supportourbusinessesintechnicalexchangesandcooperationon

theirownaccord.Thisisawaytounleashthepotentialfor

innovation.And,tobenefitmankindwiththebetteruseofknowledge,

weneedtotightentheprotectionofintellectualproperty.Theleast

desirableisforustostifletheflowofknowledge,ortocreateor

evenwidenthetechnologydivideamongus.〃

［問答題］2.請把下段文字翻譯成漢語：Theword"winner”and"loser”have

manymeanings.Whenwerefertoapersonasawinner,wedonotmean

onewhomakessomeoneelselose.Tous,awinnerisonewhoresponds

authenticallybybeingcredible,trustworthy,responsible,and

genuine,bothasanindividualandasamemberofasociety.Winners

donotdedicatetheirlivestoaconceptofwhattheyimaginethey

shouldbe;rather,theyarethemselvesandassuchdonotusetheir

energyputtingonaperformance,maintainingpretenceand

manipulatingothers.Theyareawarethatthereisadifference

betweenbeinglovingandactingloving,betweenbeingstupidand

actingstupid,betweenbeingknowledgeableandactingknowledgeable.

Winnersdonotneedtohidebehindamask.Winnersarenotafraidto

dotheirownthinkingandtousetheirownknowledge.Theycan

separatefactsfromopinionsanddon'tpretendtohaveallthe

answers.Theylistentoothers;evaluatewhattheysay,butcometo

theirownconclusions.Althoughwinnerscanadmireandrespectother

people,theyarenottotallydefined,demolished,boundorawedby

them.Winnersdonotplay“helpless”,nordotheyplaytheblaming

game.Instead,theyassumeresponsibilityfortheirownlives.

參考答案：“成者”與“敗者”寓意多層。所謂“成者”，非以他人之落敗

來彰顯自我，而貴在以德服人，一諾千金，以君子坦蕩之豪氣立身于天地之

間，此中之道功在自我亦名于社會之他我。

“成者”重現(xiàn)實(shí)，做自我。斥處心積慮、假意做作之流如糞土，視天馬行空、

憑空想象之輩如浮沉。他們深知真心實(shí)意與虛情假意、大智若愚與不懂裝懂，

真才實(shí)學(xué)與濫竽充數(shù)之天壤之別。成者，行事光明磊落，無需以面具示人。

成者無懼表達(dá)內(nèi)心之真情實(shí)感，更無懼于自食其力、自強(qiáng)不息。他們深諳“知

之為知之，不知為不知，是知矣”的道理，善于于虛心求教中取優(yōu)補(bǔ)缺以成一

家之言。雖成者亦有其崇敬之賢士，然絕不會迷信權(quán)威，受其束縛而迷失自

我。

成者非懦弱無能之輩，亦非怨天尤人之流，而是以“天將降大任于斯人也”之

氣魄，長風(fēng)破浪于滄海，搏擊蒼穹于云霄。

共享題干題

AplanetbelievedtoberemarkablysimilartoEarthhasbeen

discoveredorbitingadistantsun-likestar,bolsteringhopesof

findinglifeelsewhereintheuniverse,USscientistssaidon

Thursday.Theplanet,whichisabout60percentlargerthanEarth,is

located1400lightyearsawayintheconstellationCygnus.Itwas

discoveredbyastronomerusingNASA*skeplerspacetelescopeandit

circlesastarthatissimilartosizeandtemperaturetothesun,

butolder."Inmymind,thisistheclosestthingwehavetoanother

planetliketheEarth,“astronomerJenkinstoldreportersona

conferencecall,"It'ssimplyawe-inspiringtoconsiderthatthis

planet,Kepler-452b,hasspent6billionyearsinthehabitablezone

ofitsstar.That*sconsiderabletimeandopportunityforlifeexist

onthisplanet."hesaid.Kepler-452bispositionedasfarfromits

parentstarasEarthisfromthesun,completinganorbitin385days,

comparedtoEarth,s365-dayorbit.Atthatdistance,surface

temperaturewouldbesuitableforliquidwater,aconditiontobe

believedcriticalforlife.ScientistspreviouslyhavefoundEarth-

sizedplanetsorbitinginstars'so-called^habitablezones*,butthose

starsarecoolerandsmallerthanthesun,aG2typeyellowstar.

NASAlaunchedtheKeplertelescopein2009tosurveyasamplingof

nearbystarsinanattempttolearmifplanetslikeEarthwerecommon

inthegalaxy."Thisisgreatgreatprogressinfindingaplanetlike

Earththatissimilarinsizeandtemperaturearoundnon-like

star,“"saidKeplerscientistJeffCoughlin,“Witharations60

percentlargerthantheEarth,thisplanethasasomewhatbetter

chanceofbeingrocky."Jeffsaid,thoughthisconclusionisbasedon

statisticanalysisandcomputermodeling,notdirectevidence.If

so,Kepler-452bcouldbeaboutfivetimesasmassiveasEarthandhas

gravitythatistwiceasstrongaswhatexistsonEarthsurface.The

planetalsocouldhaveathickatmosphere,cloudyskiesandactive

volcanoes,Jenkinsaid.WiththediscoveryofKepler-452b,the

telescopehasfound1030confirmedplanetsinclude11othernear-

Earthtwins,noneofwhichcirclesun-likestars.Thetelescopecannot

seeplanetsdirectly,butmeasuresminuteinlightcomingfromtarget

stars.Sophisticatedcomputerprogramsandfollow-upobservations

withgroundbasedtelescopesthendetermineifsomeofthelightdips

arecausedbyplanetspassinginfrontoftheirparentstars,

relativetoKepler*slineofsight.AttemptstolearnifKepler-452b

hasanatmospherelikelywillhavetowaitforanewgenerationof

moresensitivespacetelescope,saidNASA,sassociateadministrator

JohnGrunsfeld.

［單選題］1.Accordingtoparagraph1,whichofthefollowingstatements

isTRUE?

A.AplanetverysimilartoEarthhasbeendiscoveredorbitingthesun

B.Theplanetisabout160percentthesizeoftheEarth

C.Itwouldtakeaspaceshuttleabout1400yearstogettotheplanet

D.Theplanetcirclesastarthatisaboutthesize,temperatureand

ageofthesun

參考答案：B

［單選題］2.WhatdoesthepassagesayabouttheKeplerspacetelescope?

A.Thetelescopechangesitsmeasureseveryminute

B.computerprogramsandground-basedobservationsareusedto

determinewhetheraplanetspottedbyKeplerhasaparentstar

C.Themostimportantmissionofthetelescopewastosurveya

samplingofnearbystars

D.Thetelescopeneedstowaitforanewgenerationtodiscover

whetherKepler-452bhasanatmosphere

參考答案：D

［單選題］3.Accordingtoparagraph4,Kepler452b-

A.isverylikelytoberocky

B.hasaveryslimchanceofbeingrocky

C.isveryunlikelytoberocky

D.hasanaveragechanceofbeingrocky

參考答案：A

［單選題］4.It'sverypossibleforlifetoriseonKepler-452bbecause

ofallofthefollowingreasonsEXCEPT___

A.IttakesKepler_452b385daystocompleteitsorbit

B.Itsparentstarisverysimilartothesun

C.It'sbeenorbitingitsparentstarforabout6billionyears

D.Itisrockyandhasliquidwater

參考答案：D

［單選題］5.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat一

A.ofallthestarsdiscoveredsofar,Kepler-452bisthemostsimilar

totheEarth

B.previouslyfoundtheEarth-sizedplanetsorbitingin

stars，z，habitablezones，aresuitableforlife

C.ifKepler_452bisrocky,itcouldhavegravitytwiceasstrongas

whatexistsonEarth，ssurface

D.nowpeoplehavefound12Earth-likeplanetscirclingsun-likestars

參考答案：A

Themajorityofsuccessfulseniormanagersdonotcloselyfollowthe

classicalrationalmodeloffirstclarifyinggoals,assessingthe

problem,formulatingoptions,estimatinglikelihoodsof

success,makingadecision,andonlythentakingactiontoimplement

thedecision.Rather,intheirday-by-daytacticalmaneuvers,these

seniorexecutivesrelyonwhatisvaguelytermedintuitiontomanage

anetworkofinterrelatedproblemsthatrequirethemtodealwith

ambiguity,inconsistency,novelty,andsurpriseandtointegrate

actionintotheprocessofthinking.Generationsofwriterson

managementhaverecognizedthatsomepracticingmanagersrelyheavily

onintuition.Ingeneral,however,suchwritersdisplayapoorgrasp

ofwhatintuitionis.Someseeitastheoppositeofrationality;

othersviewitasanexcuseforcapriciousness.Isenberg'srecent

researchonthecognitiveprocessesofseniormanagersrevealsthat

managers,intuitionisneitherofthese.Rather,seniormanagersuse

intuitioninatleastfivedistinctways.First,theyintuitively

sensewhenaproblemexists.Second,managersrelyonintuitionto

performwell-learnedbehaviorpatternsrapidly.Thisintuitionisnot

arbitraryorirrational,butisbasedonyearsofpainstaking

practiceandhands-onexperiencethatbuildskills.Athirdfunction

ofintuitionistosynthesizeisolatedbitsofdataandpracticeinto

anintegratedpicture,ofteninanAha-experience.Fourth,some

managersuseintuitionasacheckontheresultsofmorerational

analysis.Mostseniorexecutivesarefamiliarwiththeformal

decisionanalysismodelsandtools,andthosewhousesuchsystematic

methodsforreachingdecisionsareoccasionallyleeryofsolutions

suggestedbythesemethodswhichruncountertotheirsenseofthe

correctcourseofaction.Finally,managerscanuseintuitionto

bypassin-depthanalysisandmoverapidlytoengenderaplausible

solution.Usedinthisway,intuitionisanalmostinstantaneous

cognitiveprocessinwhichamanagerrecognizesfamiliarpatterns.One

oftheimplicationsoftheintuitivestyleofexecutivemanagementis

thatthinkingisinseparablefromacting.Sincemanagersoftenknow

whatisrightbeforetheycananalyzeandexplainit,theyfrequently

actfirstandexplainlater.Analysisisinextricablytiedtoaction

inthinking/actingcycles,inwhichmanagersdevelopthoughtsabout

theircompaniesandorganizationsnotbyanalyzingaproblematic

situationandthenacting,butbyactingandanalyzinginclose

concert.Giventhegreatuncertaintyofmanyofthemanagementissues

thattheyface,seniormanagersofteninstigateacourseofaction

simplytolearnmoreaboutanissue.Theythenusetheresultsofthe

actiontodevelopamorecompleteunderstandingoftheissue.One

implicationofthinking/actingcyclesisthatactionisoftenpartof

definingtheproblem,notjustofimplementingthesolution.

［單選題］6.Accordingtothetext,seniormanagersuseintuitioninall

ofthefollowingwaysEXCEPTto?

A.Speedupofthecreationofasolutiontoaproblem

B.Identifyaproblem

C.Bringtogetherdisparatefacts

D.Stipulatecleargoals

參考答案：D

［單選題］7.Thetextsuggestswhichofthefollowingaboutthewriters

onmanagementmentionedinline1,paragraph2?

A.Theyhavecriticizedmanagersfornotfollowingtheclassical

rationalmodelofdecisionanalysis

B.Theyhavenotbasedtheiranalysesonasufficientlylargesample

ofactualmanagers

C.Theyhavereliedindrawingtheirconclusionsonwhatmanagerssay

ratherthanonwhatmanagersdo

D.Theyhavemisunderstoodhowmanagersuseintuitioninmaking

businessdecisions

參考答案：D

［單選題］8.Itcanbeinferredfromthetextthatwhichofthe

followingwouldmostprobablybeonemajordifferenceinbehavior

betweenManagerX,whousesintuitiontoreachdecisions,andManager

Y,whousesonlyformaldecisionanalysis?

A.ManagerXanalyzesfirstandthenacts:ManagerYdoesnot

B.ManagerXcheckspossiblesolutionstoaproblembysystematic

analysis:ManagerYdoesnot

C.ManagerXtakesactioninordertoarriveatthesolutiontoa

problem:ManagerYdoesnot

D.ManagerYdrawsonyearsofhands-onexperienceincreatinga

solutiontoaprob1em:ManagerXdoesnot

參考答案：C

I.單選題」9.Thetextprovidessupportforwhichofthefollowing

statements?

A.Managerswhorelyonintuitionaremoresuccessfulthanthosewho

relyonformaldecisionanalysis

B.Managerscannotjustifytheirintuitivedecisions

C.Managers?intuitionworkscontrarytotheirrationaland

analyticalskills

D.Intuitionenablesmanagerstoemploytheirpracticalexperience

moreefficiently

參考答案：D

［單選題］10.Whichofthefollowingbestdescribestheorganizationof

thefirstparagraphofthetext?

A.Anassertionismadeandaspecificsupportingexampleisgiven

B.Aconventionalmodelisdismissedandanalternativeintroduced

C.Theresultsofrecentresearchareintroducedandsummarized

D.Twoopposingpointsofviewarepresentedandevaluated

參考答案：B

RogerRosenblatt，sbookBlackFiction,inattemptingtoapply

literaryratherthansociopoliticalcriteriatoitssubject,

successfullyalterstheapproachtakenbymostpreviousstudies.As

Rosenblattnotes,criticismofBlackwritinghasoftenservedasa

pretextforexpoundingonBlackhistory.AddisonGayle'srecentwork,

forexample,judgesthevalueofBlackfictionbyovertlypolitical

standards,ratingeachworkaccordingtothenotionsofBlack

identitywhichitpropounds.Althoughfictionassuredlyspringsfrom

politicalcircumstances,itsauthorsreacttothosecircumstancesin

waysotherthanideological,andtalkingaboutnovelsandstories

primarilyasinstrumentsofideologycircumventsmuchofthe

fictionalenterprise.RosenblattJsliteraryanalysisdiscloses

affinitiesandconnectionsamongworksofBlackfictionwhichsolely

politicalstudieshaveoverlookedorignored.Writingacceptable

criticismofBlackfiction,however,presupposesgivingsatisfactory

answerstoanumberofquestions.Firstofall,isthereasufficient

reason,otherthanthefacialidentityoftheauthors,togroup

togetherworksbyBlackauthors?Second,howdoesBlackfictionmake

itselfdistinctfromothermodernfictionwithwhichitislargely

contemporaneous?RosenblattshowsthatBlackfictionconstitutesa

distinctbodyofwritingthathasanidentifiable,coherentliterary

tradition.LookingatnovelswrittenbyBlackoverthelasteighty

years,hediscoversrecurringconcernsanddesignsindependentof

chronology.Thesestructuresarethematic,andtheyspring,not

surprisingly,fromthecentralfactthattheBlackcharactersin

thesenovelsexistinapredominantlywhiteculture,whethertheytry

toconformtothatcultureorrebelagainstit.BlackFictiondoes

leavesomeaestheticquestionsopen.Rosenblatt,sthematicanalysis

permitsconsiderableobjectivity;heevenexplicitlystatesthatit

isnothisintentiontojudgethemeritofthevariousworks?Yethis

reluctanceseemsmisplaced,especiallysinceanattempttoappraise

mighthaveledtointerestingresults.Forinstance,someofthe

novelsappeartobestructurallydiffuse.Isthisadefect,orare

theauthorsworkingoutof,ortryingtoforge,adifferentkindof

aesthetic?Inaddition,thestyleofsomeBlacknovels,likeJean

Toomey'sCane,vergesonexpressionismorsurrealism;doesthis

techniqueprovideacounterpointtotheprevalentthemethatportrays

thefateagainstwhichBlackheroesarepitted,athemeusually

conveyedbymorenaturalisticmodesofexpression?Inspiteofsuch

omissions,whatRosenblattdoesincludeinhisdiscussionmakesfor

anastuteandworthwhilestudy.BlackFictionsurveysawidevariety

ofnovels,bringingtoourattentionintheprocesssomefascinating

andlittle-knownworkslikeJamesWeldonJohnson,sAutobiographyof

anEx-ColoredMan.Itsargumentistightlyconstructed,andits

forthright,lucidstyleexemplifieslevelheadedandpenetrating

criticism.

［單選題］11.Theauthorofthetextisprimarilyconcernedwith—

A.Evaluatingthesoundnessofaworkofcriticism

B.Comparingvariouscriticalapproachestoasubject

C.Discussingthelimitationsofaparticularkindofcriticism

D.Summarizingthemajorpointsmadeinaworkofcriticism

參考答案：A

［單選題］12.TheauthorofthetextbelievesthatBlackFictionwould

havebeenimprovedhadRosenblatt——

A.Evaluatedmorecarefullytheideologicalandhistoricalaspectsof

Blackfiction

B.Attemptedtobemoreobjectiveinhisapproachtonovelsand

storiesbyBlackauthors

C.ExploredingreaterdetailtherecurrentthematicconcernsofBlack

fictionthroughoutitshistory

D.Assessedtherelativeliterarymeritofthenovelsheanalyzes

thematically

參考答案：D

［單選題］13.Theauthor，sdiscussionofBlackFictioncanbebest

describedas——

A.Pedanticandcontentious

B.Criticalbutadmiring

C.Ironicanddeprecating

D.Argumentativebutunfocused

參考答案：B

［單選題］14,Theauthorofthetextemploysallofthefollowinginthe

discussionofRosenblatt'sbooksbookEXCEPT:——

A.Rhetoricalquestions

B.Specificexamples

C.Comparisonandcontrast

D.Definitionofterms

參考答案：D

［單選題］15.TheauthorofthetextreferstoJamesWeldonJohnson，s

AutobiographyofanEx-ColoredManmostprobablyinorderto—

A.pointoutaffinitiesbetweenRosenblatt5smethodofthematic

analysisandearliercriticism

B.clarifythepointaboutexpressionisticstylemadeearlierinthe

passage

C.qualifytheassessmentofRosenblatt，sbookmadeinthefirst

paragraphofthepassage

D.giveaspecificexampleofoneoftheaccomplishmentsofRosenblatt

'swork

參考答案：D

BernardBailynhasrecentlyreinterpretedtheearlyhistoryofthe

UnitedStatesbyapplyingnewsocialresearchfindingsonthe

experiencesofEuropeanmigrants.Inhisreinterpretation,migration

becomestheorganizingprincipleforrewritingthehistoryof

preindustrialNorthAmerica.Hisapproachrestsonfourseparate

propositions.Thefirstoftheseassertsthatresidentsofearly

modernEnglandmovedregularlyabouttheircountryside;migratingto

theNewWorldwassimplyanaturalspillover.Althoughatfirstthe

coloniesheldlittlepositiveattractionfortheEnglish-they

wouldratherhavestayedhome一bytheeighteenthcenturypeople

increasinglymigratedtoAmericabecausetheyregardeditastheland

ofopportunity.Secondly,Bailynholdsthat,contrarytothenotion

thatusedtoflourishinAmericahistorytextbooks,therewasnevera

typicalNewWorldcommunity.Forexample,theeconomicanddemographic

characterofearlyNewEnglandtownsvariedconsiderably.Bailyn's

thirdpropositionsuggesttwogeneralpatternsprevailingamongthe

manythousandsofmigrants:onegroupcameasindentured

servants,anothercametoacquireland.Surprisingly,Bailynsuggests

thatthosewhorecruitedindenturedservantswerethedrivingforces

oftransatlanticmigration.Thesecolonialentrepreneurshelped

determinethesocialcharacterofpeoplewhocametopreindustrial

NorthAmerica.Atfirst,thousandsofunskilledlaborerswere

recruited;bythe1730,s,however,Americanemployersdemandedskilled

artisans.Finally,Bailynarguesthatthecolonieswereahalf-

civilizedhinterlandoftheEuropeanculturesystem.Heis

undoubtedlycorrecttoinsistthatthecolonieswerepartofan

Anglo-Americanempire.ButtodividetheempireintoEnglishcoreand

colonialperiphery,asBailyndoes,devaluestheachievementsof

colonialculture.Itistrue,asBailynclaims,thathighculturein

thecoloniesnevermatchedthatinEngland.Butwhatofseventeenth-

centuryNewEngland,wherethesettlerscreatedeffectivelaws,builta

distinguisheduniversity,andpublishedbooks?Bailynmightrespond

thatNewEnglandwasexceptional.However,theideasandinstitutions

developedbyNewEnglandPuritanshadpowerfuleffectsonNorth

Americanculture.AlthoughBailyngoesontoapplyhisapproachto

somethousandsofindenturedservantswhomigratedjustpriortothe

revolution,hefailstolinktheirexperiencewiththepolitical

developmentoftheUnitedStates.Evidencepresentedinhiswork

suggestshowwemightmakesuchaconnection.Theseindentured

servantsweretreatedasslavesfortheperiodduringwhichtheyhad

soldtheirtimetoAmericanemployers.Itisnotsurprisingthatas

soonastheyservedtheirtimetheypassedupgoodwagesinthe

citiesandheadedwesttoensuretheirpersonalindependenceby

acquiringland.Thus,itisinthewestthatapeculiarlyAmerican

politicalculturebegan,amongcolonistswhoweresuspiciousof

authorityandintenselyanti-aristocratic.

［單選題］16.Whichofthefollowingstatementsaboutmigrantsto

colonialNorthAmericaissupportedbyinformationinthetext?

A.AlargerpercentageofmigrantstocolonialNorthAmericacameas

indenturedservantsthanasfreeagentsinterestedinacquiringland

B.Migrantswhocametothecoloniesasindenturedservantsweremore

successfulatmakingalivelihoodthanwerefarmersandartisans

C.MigrantstocolonialNorthAmericaweremoresuccessfulat

acquiringtheirownlandduringtheeighteenthcenturythanduring

theseventeenthcentury

D.Bythe1730's,migrantsalreadyskilledinatradewereinmore

demandbyAmericanemployersthanwereunskilledlaborers

參考答案：D

［單選題］17.TheauthorofthetextstatesthatBailynfailedto——

A.givesufficientemphasistotheculturalandpolitical

interdependenceofthecoloniesandEngland

B.describecarefullyhowmigrantsofdifferentethnicbackgrounds

preservedtheircultureintheUnitedStates

C.takeadvantageofsocialresearchontheexperiencesofcolonists

whomigratedtocolonialNorthAmericaspecificallytoacquireland

D.relatetheexperienceofthemigrantstothepoliticalvaluesthat

eventuallyshapedthecharacteroftheUnitedStates

參考答案：D

［單選題］18.Whichofthefollowingbestsummariz