專題四　第1講　定語從句

第1講定語從句

英語大一輪復(fù)習(xí)語法專題專題四單擊此處添加副標(biāo)題內(nèi)容musicMUSIC在復(fù)合句中，修飾某一名詞、代詞或整個(gè)主句的從句叫定語從句。被修飾的名詞或代詞叫先行詞，引導(dǎo)定語從句的詞叫關(guān)系詞，定語從句放在先行詞的后面。musicMUSIC內(nèi)容索引考點(diǎn)精講一關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)的定語從句考點(diǎn)精講二

關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)的定語從句考點(diǎn)精講三

“介詞+關(guān)系詞”引導(dǎo)的定語從句考點(diǎn)分層演練語法鏈接寫作<考點(diǎn)精講一PART.01關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)的定語從句>musicMUSICArealfriendissomeonewho①walksinwhentherestoftheworldwalkout.Arealfriendissomeonewhose②supportwecancounton.Arealfriendissomeonewho①seesourtrueself，notjustthefacewho/whom/that③weshowtotheworld.Yetthesedays，themoderntoolsthatkeepusconnectedareeatingawayatthemeaningoffriendship.Wemaybeabletomakemanyfriendsonline，butthesefriendshipscanbequiteshallow.Socialmedialikeblogshascomebetweenusandthefriendswho/whom/that③welove.musicMUSICTextingandmessagingcannottaketheplaceofface-to-facechatting.“Sharing”ourexperiencesonsocialmediaisnotenoughtoexpressthevalueswhich/that④mattermosttous.“Liking”ourfriends’photosonlinedoesnotdeveloptheconnectionwhich/that④weshare.Tomakefriendsarealpartofourlives，weshouldputdownoursmartphonesandmeettheminperson.musicMUSIC規(guī)則感悟①關(guān)系詞指人作主語，可以用who，that引導(dǎo)。若先行詞為someone，anyone，one等時(shí)，關(guān)系詞只能用who。②關(guān)系詞作定語，用whose引導(dǎo)，既可以指人也可以指物。③關(guān)系詞指人作賓語，可以用who，whom，that引導(dǎo)。④關(guān)系詞指物作主語或賓語，可以用which，that引導(dǎo)。musicMUSIC1.who，whom和whose引導(dǎo)的定語從句。(1)who和whom都指人。who在定語從句中作主語、賓語；whom在定語從句中作賓語，在限制性定語從句中可省略。在口語中可用who代替whom。(2)whose指人的或物的，在定語從句中作定語，指物時(shí)可用ofwhich代替，指人時(shí)可用ofwhom代替。Somepeoplewhoaresuccessfullanguagelearnersoftenfailinotherfields.有些成功的語言學(xué)習(xí)者，在其他領(lǐng)域常常會(huì)失敗。musicMUSICIhavemanyfriends(who/whom)I’mgoingtosendpostcardsto.我有很多朋友，我打算寄明信片給他們。Myeldestson，whoseworktakeshimallovertheworld，isinNewYorkatthemoment.我的大兒子目前在紐約，他的工作使他在全世界到處跑。musicMUSIC2.that和which引導(dǎo)的定語從句that代替的先行詞可以是人也可以是物，但是which代替的先行詞只能是物。使用這兩個(gè)關(guān)系詞要注意以下兩點(diǎn)：(1)6種只用that引導(dǎo)定語從句的情況。①先行詞是all，everything，anything，nothing，something，little，much，none，few，theone等不定代詞時(shí)。②先行詞被all，any，few，every，no，little，much，some等修飾時(shí)。③先行詞被序數(shù)詞、形容詞最高級(jí)修飾或先行詞本身是序數(shù)詞或形容詞最高級(jí)時(shí)。④先行詞被theonly，thevery(正是，恰是),thelast修飾時(shí)。musicMUSIC⑤先行詞既有人又有物時(shí)。⑥當(dāng)主句是以which開頭的特殊疑問句時(shí)。(2)4種只用which引導(dǎo)定語從句的情況。①引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句時(shí)。②先行詞為物，關(guān)系代詞充當(dāng)介詞的賓語，且介詞位于關(guān)系代詞之前時(shí)。③先行詞本身是that時(shí)。④關(guān)系代詞后有插入語時(shí)。musicMUSIC3.as引導(dǎo)的定語從句as引導(dǎo)限制性定語從句主要用于thesame...as...，such...as...和so...as...結(jié)構(gòu)中。as既可以指人也可以指物，在從句中可作主語、賓語和表語。Wehavefoundthesamematerialsasareusedintheirfactory.我們已經(jīng)找到了和他們工廠里使用的一樣的材料。Thesehousesaresoldatsuchalowpriceaspeopleexpected.這些房子以人們期望的低價(jià)出售了。musicMUSIC4.引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句時(shí)as與which的區(qū)別關(guān)系詞位置不同表意不同as既可以放在主句前，也可以放在主句后，有時(shí)還可插入主句中意為“正如……”，后面的謂語動(dòng)詞多用see，know，expect，say，mention，report等which通常放在主句之后意為“這一點(diǎn)”或“這件事”等musicMUSICAsanybodycansee，theelephantislikeasnake.正如每個(gè)人所看到的一樣，這頭大象像一條蛇。Thenumberofsmokers，asisreported，hasdroppedby17percentinjustoneyear.正如報(bào)道的那樣，吸煙者的數(shù)量?jī)H在一年內(nèi)就已經(jīng)減少了百分之十七。Shemarriedagain，whichwasunexpected.她再婚了，這是始料未及的。musicMUSIC5.定語從句中的主謂一致(1)關(guān)系代詞作從句的主語時(shí)，從句中謂語動(dòng)詞的人稱和數(shù)要與先行詞保持一致；先行詞是句子時(shí)，從句的謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。Therecorderthathasbeengiventomeishomemade.給我的那臺(tái)錄音機(jī)是國(guó)產(chǎn)的。musicMUSIC(2)“oneof＋復(fù)數(shù)名詞”位于關(guān)系代詞前作先行詞，且關(guān)系代詞在從句中作主語時(shí)，從句的謂語動(dòng)詞常用復(fù)數(shù)，但當(dāng)one前有the、theonly、thevery等修飾時(shí)，從句的謂語動(dòng)詞要用單數(shù)。Heisoneofthestudentswhohavemadegreatprogress.他是取得很大進(jìn)步的學(xué)生之一。Heistheonlyoneofthestudentswhohasmadegreatprogress.他是這些學(xué)生中唯一一個(gè)取得很大進(jìn)步的學(xué)生。musicMUSIC1.BMIisaninternationallyrecognizedmeasurementtool

givesanindicationofwhethersomeoneisahealthyweight.(2021·浙江1月)2.DrRowan，

secretaryresignedtwoweeksago，hashadtodoallhisowntyping.3.Theladywho

(be)standingbehindthecounterismysister.4.

iswidelyaccepted，intheMiddleEastArabsgreeteachotherbytouchingnoses，butthisisnotapolitewayofgreetinginothercultures.對(duì)點(diǎn)練習(xí)which/thatwhoseisAsmusicMUSIC5.Whentheymetagain，thetwofriendstalkedaboutlotsofthingsandpersons

theycouldrememberintheschool.6.ThenMrGreenreadsomereviewsoftheplay，

saiditwasaterribleone.對(duì)點(diǎn)練習(xí)thatwhich返回<考點(diǎn)精講二PART.02關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)的定語從句>musicMUSICArecentsurveyhasfoundthatmanypeoplesufferfromsleepproblems.Someareunabletofallasleep，somewakeupinthemiddleofthenight，andotherssimplydonotgetenoughsleep.Oneofthereasonswhy①peoplefailtogetagoodnight’ssleepispressurefromschoolorwork.Noisepollutionandlightpollutioninbigcitiesmayalsocontributetosleepproblems.Intheshortterm，peoplewithsleepproblemsoftenfeeltiredandhavetroubleconcentrating.Inthelongterm，theymaybeatincreasedriskofhavingapoormemory，beingoverweightandsufferingaheartattack.musicMUSICSleepproblemsareespeciallydangerousforteenagers.Theyarestillgrowing，andnightisthetimewhen②theirbodiesgrowfaster.Teenagerswhodonotsleepwellmayexperiencesituationswhere③bodydevelopmentslowsdown，andtheirhealthsuffers.So，ifyouhavetroublegettingagoodnight’ssleep，itmightbetimetomakesomechangesinyourlifestyle.musicMUSIC規(guī)則感悟①先行詞表示原因，關(guān)系詞在從句中作狀語，用關(guān)系副詞why。②先行詞表示時(shí)間，關(guān)系詞在從句中作狀語，用關(guān)系副詞when。③先行詞表示情況，關(guān)系詞在從句中作狀語，用關(guān)系副詞where。musicMUSIC1.關(guān)系副詞指代的先行詞及其作用。先行詞關(guān)系副詞在從句中的作用與“介詞＋關(guān)系代詞”的關(guān)系表示時(shí)間的名詞：time，day，year等when作時(shí)間狀語＝at/in/on/duringwhich表示場(chǎng)所的名詞：park，place，country，house等

where作地點(diǎn)狀語＝in/at/to/onwhich表示原因的名詞：reasonwhy作原因狀語＝forwhichmusicMUSICWeliveinanagewhen(inwhich)moreinformationisavailablewithgreateasethaneverbefore.我們生活在一個(gè)比以前任何時(shí)候都容易獲得更多信息的時(shí)代。Theschoolwhere(atwhich)Istudiedforonlytwoyearswasthreekilometresaway.我只在那里上了兩年學(xué)的那所學(xué)校離這里有3000米遠(yuǎn)。Thereasonwhy(forwhich)hedidn’tpassthedrivingtestwasthathelackedpractice.他沒有通過駕照考試的原因是他缺乏練習(xí)。musicMUSIC2.有時(shí)先行詞是表示抽象地點(diǎn)的名詞，像activity，business，career，case，job，point，position，race，stage，situation等，當(dāng)從句中缺少狀語時(shí)，用關(guān)系副詞where。Theyhavereachedthepointwheretheyhavetoseparatefromeachother.他們已經(jīng)到了必須分手的地步。musicMUSIC3.先行詞occasion意為“時(shí)機(jī)”時(shí)，用關(guān)系副詞when；意為“場(chǎng)合”時(shí)，用關(guān)系副詞where。Icanrememberveryfewoccasionswhenhehadtocancelameetingbecauseofillhealth.我記得他很少有因?yàn)榻】挡患讯坏貌蝗∠麜?huì)議的情況。Takingherwithmeonofficialoccasionswheremanyimportantfiguresarepresenthasbeenachallenge.在很多大人物到場(chǎng)的正式場(chǎng)合帶上她對(duì)我而言是一種挑戰(zhàn)。musicMUSIC4.當(dāng)先行詞way意為“方法、方式”，且在從句中作狀語時(shí)，關(guān)系詞可用that，inwhich或省略關(guān)系詞。It’snotwhatyousay；it’stheway(that/inwhich)yousayit.問題不在于你說什么，而在于你怎么說。5.關(guān)系副詞與關(guān)系代詞的選擇。選用關(guān)系代詞與關(guān)系副詞時(shí)，首先應(yīng)明確關(guān)系副詞不可作主語或賓語。若定語從句中缺少主語或賓語，則定語從句需用關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)；從句的謂語是及物動(dòng)詞，而其后無賓語，就必須用關(guān)系代詞替代先行詞充當(dāng)其賓語；若為不及物動(dòng)詞，則從句中不需要賓語，需要用關(guān)系副詞。如：musicMUSIC(3)should的適當(dāng)運(yùn)用分析

work與factory不能直接構(gòu)成動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，只有后面加上介詞in才能構(gòu)成正確的表達(dá)形式，workinthefactory。因此可推知work為不及物動(dòng)詞。因此此處應(yīng)使用關(guān)系副詞where作地點(diǎn)狀語。典例1

Thefactory

heonceworkedisclosednow.分析

該題從句謂語動(dòng)詞可以和先行詞構(gòu)成動(dòng)賓結(jié)構(gòu)setupthefactory，所以setup是及物動(dòng)詞短語。其后缺賓語，因此此處用關(guān)系代詞that或which。典例2

Thefactory

hesetuplastyearisoperatingwell.musicMUSIC1.Inthespring，aseason

wearelearningnewrhythmsoflife，manyofusfindcomfortinthenaturalworld.(2021·天津6月)2.Theyarenowinasituation

theyneedtomakeapracticalplan.3.Thatevening，

Iwilltellyoumoreaboutlater，Iendedupworkingverylate.4.Oneday，mentallyexhausted，Iwrotedownallthereasons

thisproblemcouldnotbesolved.對(duì)點(diǎn)練習(xí)whenwherewhichwhy返回musicMUSIC><考點(diǎn)精講三“介詞+關(guān)系詞”引導(dǎo)的定語從句musicMUSICAsisuniversallyknown，highschoollifeisanimportantturningpointandhighschoolcampusisanimportantplaceinwhich①studentsstudyandlive.Heretherearemanykindteacherstowhom②wecanturnforhelpwhenweareintrouble.MyclassmatesandIdecidedtodosomethingforthecominggraduation.Havinghadaheateddiscussion，weagreedonmakingavideowithwhich③wecouldrecordourexperiencesatschool.musicMUSICMaterialcollectingtookusawholeweek，duringwhich④weinterviewedourteachersandtookpicturesofeveryaspectofschoollife.Somecompromiseswereunavoidable，butthevideoturnedoutperfect.Thatdayonwhich⑤thevideowasplayed，itwaswellreceived.Thestudentsandteacherssharedagreattime，whichsurelygaveusagreatsenseofachievement.musicMUSIC規(guī)則感悟“介詞＋關(guān)系詞”可以引導(dǎo)定語從句，如果先行詞是物，關(guān)系詞用which，如：①③④⑤；如果先行詞是人，關(guān)系詞用whom，如：②。介詞可以根據(jù)與先行詞的關(guān)系進(jìn)行選擇，如：①③④⑤，也可以根據(jù)與從句中謂語動(dòng)詞的搭配進(jìn)行選擇，如：②。musicMUSIC1.若介詞放在關(guān)系代詞之前，關(guān)系代詞指人時(shí)常用whom，指物時(shí)常用which。另外，whose也可以放在介詞后，即“介詞＋whose＋名詞”結(jié)構(gòu)。Heisthepersononwhomyoucandepend.他是你可以信賴的人。Hewasthemanfromwhoseroomthethiefhadstolenhisbag.他就是被小偷從房間里偷走包的那個(gè)人。LastSundayIboughtsomebooksfromthebookstore，threeofwhichwereEnglishnovels.上周日我從書店買了一些書，其中三本是英文小說。musicMUSIC2.“介詞＋關(guān)系代詞”結(jié)構(gòu)中介詞的確定：(1)依據(jù)定語從句中動(dòng)詞的習(xí)慣搭配來確定Iboughtagreatmanybooks，onwhichIspentallmymoneythatIhadsaved.我買了很多書，花光了所有的積蓄。(2)依據(jù)先行詞的某種習(xí)慣搭配來確定I’llneverforgetthetimeduringwhichIspentmychildhoodinthecountry.我永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)忘記在鄉(xiāng)下度過的童年時(shí)光。(3)根據(jù)所表達(dá)的意思來確定Thecolourlessgaswithoutwhichwecannotliveiscalledoxygen.沒有它我們就不能生存的無色氣體叫氧氣。musicMUSIC3.whose引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句修飾物時(shí)，“whose＋名詞”可以換為“the＋名詞＋ofwhich”；修飾人時(shí)，可以換為“the＋名詞＋ofwhom”。Thenewlybuiltcafe，thewallsofwhich(＝whosewalls)arepaintedlightgreen，isreallyapeacefulplaceforus，especiallyafterhardwork.這家新建成的咖啡館，它的墻壁被刷成了淺綠色，對(duì)我們來說，這真是一個(gè)安靜的地方，特別是在辛苦工作后。musicMUSIC【特別提醒】定語從句與其他七種易混句型的區(qū)別(一)定語從句與并列句的區(qū)別兩個(gè)句子之間若有and，but，so等并列連詞或分號(hào)則為并列句，此時(shí)不需要再填引導(dǎo)詞。1.Shehaswrittenmanynovels，someof

areinteresting.分析which

[which引導(dǎo)定語從句，修飾先行詞novels，“someofwhich”在從句中作主語。]2.Shehaswrittenmanynovels，andsomeof

areinteresting.分析them

[此句為and連接的并列句。]musicMUSIC(二)定語從句與獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)的區(qū)別定語從句有謂語動(dòng)詞，所以需要引導(dǎo)詞，而獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)不是句子，沒有謂語動(dòng)詞，所以不需要再填引導(dǎo)詞。1.Shehascollectedmanyoldstamps，mostof

areworththousandsofdollars.分析which

[which引導(dǎo)定語從句，修飾先行詞stamps，“mostofwhich”在從句中作主語，后邊有謂語動(dòng)詞are。]2.Shehascollectedmanyoldstamps，mostof

worththousandsofdollars.分析them

[逗號(hào)后面沒有謂語動(dòng)詞，是獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)，不需要引導(dǎo)詞，故填them。]musicMUSIC(三)定語從句與地點(diǎn)狀語從句的區(qū)別定語從句有表示地點(diǎn)的先行詞，而地點(diǎn)狀語從句則沒有；定語從句修飾的是先行詞，而地點(diǎn)狀語從句修飾的是謂語動(dòng)詞。1.Weyoungpeopleshouldgototheplace

isinneedofhelp.分析which/that

[關(guān)系代詞which/that引導(dǎo)定語從句，修飾先行詞“theplace”，且在從句中作主語。]2.Weyoungpeopleshouldgo

we’remostneeded.分析where

[where引導(dǎo)地點(diǎn)狀語從句，修飾主句謂語動(dòng)詞go。]musicMUSIC(四)定語從句與時(shí)間狀語從句的區(qū)別定語從句有表示時(shí)間的先行詞，而時(shí)間狀語從句則沒有；定語從句修飾先行詞，而時(shí)間狀語從句修飾謂語動(dòng)詞。1.Iwillalwaysrememberthedays

Ilivedwithmygrandparentsinthecountryside.分析when

[when引導(dǎo)定語從句，修飾先行詞“thedays”，且在從句中作狀語。]2.Ialwaysrememberthedaysinthecountryside

Iseethephotoofmygrandparents.分析when

[when引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句，修飾謂語動(dòng)詞remember。]musicMUSIC(五)定語從句與結(jié)果狀語從句的區(qū)別在thesame...as...與such...as...結(jié)構(gòu)中，as引導(dǎo)定語從句并在從句中充當(dāng)一定的成分；such/so...that...引導(dǎo)的結(jié)果狀語從句中，that在從句中不作成分。1.Thisissuchaninterestingworkofart

allofuslike.分析as

[as引導(dǎo)定語從句，as在從句中作like的賓語。]2.Thisissuchaninterestingworkofart

allofuslikeit.分析that

[such...that...引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語從句。]musicMUSIC(六)定語從句與主語從句的區(qū)別定語從句是形容詞性從句，其作用相當(dāng)于一個(gè)形容詞，在整個(gè)句子中作定語，用來修飾前面的名詞或代詞；而主語從句是名詞性從句，其作用相當(dāng)于一個(gè)名詞，在整個(gè)句子中作主語。1.

isknowntoeverybody，themoontravelsroundtheearthonceeverymonth.分析As

[as引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，修飾后面整句話的內(nèi)容。]2.

isknowntoeverybodythatthemoontravelsroundtheearthonceeverymonth.分析It

[it作形式主語，真正的主語是that引導(dǎo)的從句。]musicMUSIC3.

isknowntoeverybodyisthatthemoontravelsroundtheearthonceeverymonth.分析What

[what在此引導(dǎo)主語從句，在從句中充當(dāng)主語，而后面的that引導(dǎo)的則是表語從句。]musicMUSIC(七)定語從句與強(qiáng)調(diào)句型的區(qū)別強(qiáng)調(diào)句的結(jié)構(gòu)為“Itis/was＋被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分＋that/who＋其他部分”，Itis/was和that/who在句中不作任何成分，也不起連接作用，去掉后，句子依然完整。但是定語從句的關(guān)系詞既起連接作用還在從句中充當(dāng)成分，去掉以后結(jié)構(gòu)就不完整了。1.ItwasonthemorningofMay1st

ImetLiangWeiattheairport.分析that

[將句子改為：ImetLiangWeionthemorningofMay1stattheairport.顯然，這句話是完整的，故為強(qiáng)調(diào)句。]2.Itisthefactory

MrWangworks.分析where

[此句是定語從句，用上述方法轉(zhuǎn)換便知thefactory前少介詞in，故填where。]musicMUSIC1.WilliamHastieoncesuggestedthathistoryinformsusofpastmistakesfrom

wecanlearnwithoutrepeatingthem.(2021·天津3月)2.HuaMulan，thestoryof

hasbeentoldbygenerationsinChina，isafighterfromtheNorthernWeiDynasty(386－534).3.ThelargestcollectioneverfoundinEnglandwasoneofabout200,000silverpennies，allof

over600yearsold.4.Ihaveanewbook，thecoverof

isverynice.對(duì)點(diǎn)練習(xí)whichwhomthemwhichmusicMUSICmusicMUSIC1.IdecidedthatifIlearnedofacompany

usedalotofplastic，I’dsenditanemailurgingittocutback.(2021·新課標(biāo)Ⅱ)2.AttheChineseartfestival，therearedifferentstands

artistsdemonstratetheirskillsandteachthevisitors.(2021·天津3月)3.Manywesterners

cometoChinacookmuchlessthanintheirowncountriesoncetheyrealizehowcheapitcanbetoeatout.which/thatwherewho/thatmusicMUSIC4.AsoneofthesmartestlibrariesinShanghai，thenewbranchhasthelargestindividuallibrarybuildinginChina，

sizeis115,000squaremeters.5.

wasreportedintheinternationalsciencejournalNature

Medicinelastweek，theresearchwasconductedbyateamledbyLinHaotian，aprofessorattheZhongshanOphthalmicCenterofSunYat-senUniversity.返回whoseAs<PART.01考點(diǎn)分層演練>musicMUSIC單句語法填空層級(jí)一基礎(chǔ)達(dá)標(biāo)練1.Theoldmanturnedhisbusinessovertohisyoungerson，

madehiseldersondiscouraged.2.Iwillneverforgetsuchabeautifulvillage

Ispentmychildhoodwithmygrandparents.3.Theretheymetpeoplefromotherpartsofthecountry，

hadalsovolunteeredtohelp.4.Therearemanygoodwebsites

youcancheckoutthelatestinthescienceworld.whichwherewhowheremusicMUSIC5.HedecidedtogotoStanfordbecausethereweremanyopportunitiesforpeople

wantedtoworkinSiliconValley.6.Incense(香)foundwiderpopularityduringtheMingandQingdynasties______

itwasusedtofendoffdiseases，insects，mosquitoesandpreservepeople’shealth.7.Overtheyears，Ihavemetsomeinterestingpeople.Twoofthemostinterestingpeopleweretwoelderlysisters，JoanandBernice，_______

wayoftalkingaboutpeopleinspiredme.層級(jí)一基礎(chǔ)達(dá)標(biāo)練who/thatwhenwhosemusicMUSIC8.

anofficialdocumentexplained，teaisafundamentalculturalelementtoChinesepeople’sdailylife.9.Thereason

the12thlunarmonthiscalledla

yuehasalottodowiththecustomofsacrifice.10.Zhouisworkingwithagroupofhighlyeducatedandskilledyoungpeople，mostof

holddoctoratedegrees.層級(jí)一基礎(chǔ)達(dá)標(biāo)練AswhywhommusicMUSIC1.Butforallitsancientbuildings，Beijingisalsoaplace______________

welcomesthefast-paceddevelopmentofmodernlife.(2023·全國(guó)乙)2.TherewasonceatownintheheartofAmerica

alllifeseemedtoenjoypeacefulco-existencewithitssurroundings.(2023·全國(guó)甲)3.KimCobb，aprofessorattheGeorgiaInstituteofTechnologyinAtlanta，isoneofasmallbutgrowingminorityofacademics__________

arecuttingbackontheirairtravelbecauseofclimatechange.(2022·浙江1月)層級(jí)二高考真題練which/thatwherewho/thatmusicMUSIC4.Onthe1,100-kilometerjourney，themanCaoShengkang，

losthiseyesightattheageofeightinacaraccident，crossed40citiesandcountiesinthreeprovinces.(2022·全國(guó)甲)5.TheGPNPisintendedtoprovidestrongerprotectionforallthespecies_____

livewithintheGiantPandaRangeandsignificantlyimprovethehealthoftheecosysteminthearea.(2022·新課標(biāo)Ⅰ)6.Whenyousleep，yourbrainsortsthrougheverything

happenedduringtheday，tryingtolinknewexperiencestooldmemories.(2021·北京)層級(jí)二高考真題練whothatthatmusicMUSIC7.Becausethemoon’sbodyblocksdirectradiocommunicationwithaprobe，Chinafirsthadtoputasatelliteinorbitabovethemooninaspot______

itcouldsendsignalstothespacecraftandtoEarth.(2020·全國(guó)Ⅰ)8.InancientChinalivedanartist

paintingswerealmostlifelike.(2020·全國(guó)Ⅲ)9.The80,000objectscollectedbySirHansSloane，forexample，formedthecorecollectionoftheBritishMuseum

openedin1759.(2020·新課標(biāo)Ⅰ)層級(jí)二高考真題練wherewhosewhich/thatmusicMUSIC10.Theirchildisatthestage

shecansayindividualwordsbutnotfullsentences.(2019·天津6月)層級(jí)二高考真題練wheremusicMUSIC語法填空層級(jí)三語篇提能練Therewasatime1.

IwastiredoflearningEnglishanddislikedtospeakEnglish.Andthiswasthereason2.

myfatherforcedmetojoinina30-daytraininginanEnglishclubbeforeIwenttoseniorhighschool.whenwhy語篇解讀本文是一篇記敘文。文章敘述了作者參加英語俱樂部的難忘經(jīng)歷。musicMUSIC1.先行詞是time，指時(shí)間，定語從句中不缺主語或賓語，故填關(guān)系副詞when。2.先行詞是reason，指原因，定語從句中不缺主語或賓語，故填關(guān)系副詞why。musicMUSIC層級(jí)三語篇提能練WhenIfirstcametotheclub,3.

Imetmanystrangers，Imissedmyparentsverymuch.SoIpackedupmythingsandwantedtogohome.Fortunately，myguide,4.

teacherwasYuMinhong，communicatedwithmefacetoface.He，from5.

Igainedsomeusefulinstructions，alsoshowedmeagoodpartner，andwegotalongwellwitheachother.wherewhosewhommusicMUSIC3.先行詞是club，指地點(diǎn)，定語從句不缺主語或賓語，故填關(guān)系副詞where。4.先行詞是guide，空格后面的teacher與其構(gòu)成所屬關(guān)系，故填whose。5.此處為非限制性定語從句，結(jié)合句意及空格前的介詞from可知填whom。musicMUSIC層級(jí)三語篇提能練GraduallyIadaptedtothelifethere.EverydayIwouldliketotalktootherteenagersandsetdownaseriesofactivities6.

wedid.Ishouldbegratefultomyfatherandtheguide,7.

encouragedmetofallinlovewithEnglish.NowIfeelitinterestingtolearnEnglish，into8.______Iputmyentireenergy.EverydayIreadmywordsandpassagesaloud.that/whichwhowhichmusicMUSIC6.此處為限制性定語從句，關(guān)系詞指代先行詞activities，并在定語從句中作賓語，故用that/which。7.此處為非限制性定語從句，關(guān)系詞指代先行詞myfatherandtheguide，指人，并在定語從句中作主語，故填who。8.此處為非限制性定語從句，關(guān)系詞指物，并在定語從句中作賓語，故填which。musicMUSIC層級(jí)三語篇提能練InclassIjoininEnglishdiscussions.BeforeIgotosleep，Irecallthepassages，through9.

Icanmemorizealargenumberofnewwords.10.____ourEnglishteachersays，“AslongasyouformthehabitoflearningEnglisheverydayandhaveperseverance，youwillconquerEnglishsoonerorlater.”whichAsmusicMUSIC9.此處為非限制性定語從句，先行詞為前面的句子“Irecallthepassages”，故填which。10.此處為非限制性定語從句，關(guān)系詞指代后面的句子“AslongasyouformthehabitoflearningEnglisheverydayandhaveperseverance，youwillconquerEnglishsoonerorlater.”并位于句首，意為“正如”，故填A(yù)s。返回<語法鏈接寫作>musicMUSIC1.關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)的定語從句運(yùn)用于寫作運(yùn)用1

(2023·全國(guó)甲)孔子，又名孔丘，是生活在春秋時(shí)期的中國(guó)哲學(xué)家和政治家。______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________典例1

(2023·新課標(biāo)Ⅰ，Ⅱ)我一手拿著獎(jiǎng)杯，一手拿著獎(jiǎng)狀，望著老師，老師對(duì)我豎起了大拇指，眼里閃爍著喜悅和自豪。Withatrophyinonehandandanawardingpaperintheotherhand，Ilookedatmyteacher，whogavemeathumbs-up，withhiseyestwinklingwithpleasureandpride.Confucius，alsoknownasKongQiu，wasaChinesephilosopherandpolitici