專題08 環(huán)境保護-2024屆高考英語時文閱讀之語法填空專項訓練（解析版）

2024屆高考英語時文閱讀之語法填空專項訓練專題08環(huán)境保護基礎篇SolutionstoPlasticPollution塑料污染解決方案鞏固篇ChilecracksdownonEasterIslandtourismtoprotectenvironment智利打擊復活節(jié)島旅游以保護環(huán)境提高篇ChinaestablishesAImonitoringplatformtoprotectwildlife中國建立人工智能監(jiān)測平臺保護野生動物專項微練單句語法填空情態(tài)動詞專項訓練真題精選高考模擬銜接名校真題演練【原創(chuàng)題】【基礎篇】ProclaimedbytheUnitedNationsin1972,WorldEnvironmentDayisconsidered1(be)thebiggestinternationaldayfortheenvironment,andhasbeenobserved2(annual)onJune5since1973inabidto"highlightthattheprotectionandhealthoftheenvironmentisamajorissue,3affectsthewell-beingofpeoplesandeconomicdevelopmentthroughouttheworld,"accordingtoaUNESCOwebsite.AccordingtotheUnitedNationsEnvironmentProgram(UNEP),theday4(grow)tobethelargestglobalplatformfor5(environment)outreach.Andunderthethemeof"SolutionstoPlasticPollution,"thisyear'seditioncallsforglobalsolutionsandactionstocombattheincreasingthreatofplastictotheenvironment,6(invite)peoplefromeverycorneroftheearthtojointheBeatPlasticPollutioncampaign.InChina,greateffortshavebeenmadetofightplasticpollutionoverthepastdecades.7measuresalreadyinplace–suchastherestrictionoftheproduction,saleanduseofcertainplastics,thepromotionofthedevelopmentofdegradable,recycle-friendlyalternativeproducts,andnational-levelenvironmentalconservationawarenesscampaigns,8(individual)havealsobeenrespondingtothecall,tryingtomake9differenceinthisfightagainstplasticpollution.Amongoneofthelatestmoves,volunteersfromWenzhou,ZhejiangProvince,offeredtouristsbiodegradablebagsinexchangefortheirplasticbags,inthehopeofreducingtheuseofplasticbagsandprotecting10(they)much-cherishedlocalislands.【答案】1.tobe2.annually3.which4.hasgrown5.environmental6.inviting7.With8.individuals9.a10.their【鞏固篇】Chileiscrackingdownontouristsandnon-localresidentsonitsremoteEasterIsland,inabid1(protect)thefameddestination’senvironmentandheritage,andtacklerisingcrime.Newrulescame2effectonWednesdayreducingthetimethattourists–foreigners,butalsoChileansnotpartoftheRapaNuipeople–canstayontheislandfrom90to30days.ThosewishingtovisitEasterIslandmustnowfilloutaspecialform,haveahotelreservationorpresentaletterofinvitationfrom3islander,alongwithshowingroundtriptickets.Those4wishtoliveontheislandarerequiredtobeaparent,partnerorchildoftheRapaNuipeople.Otherswhowill5(allow)tostayarepublicservants,employeesoforganizationsthatprovideservicestothegovernment,andthosewhodevelopanindependenteconomicactivityalongsidetheirfamilies.Thenewruleswillalsoestablishayet-to-be-decidedmaximumcapacity.Despiteitsisolatedlocationsome3,500kilometersfromthecoastofmainlandChile,theislandisapopulartouristdestination,notleastduetothearound900gianthumanfiguresthatlinetheisland,6(stand)upto10meterstall.TheMoaimonumentalstatueswerecarvedbytheRapaNuipeople,believedtohavearrivedonthePacificislandaroundthe12thcentury.Buttouristsandmainlandmigrantshavebecomeathreattotheisland'swellbeing."Itisamagicalisland,weallwanttovisitit,butitisalsoa7(sense)islandandthereforewehavetotakecareofit,"Chile'sPresidentSebastianPinerasaidWednesday,speakingonthecountry's24-hournewschannel.Atthelastcensusin2017,therewere7,750peoplelivingonEasterIsland,almostdoublethepopulationofafewdecadesago,beforetheisland8(hit)byatourismboomandtherealestatedevelopmentthataccompaniedit.MayorPedroEdmundstoldAFPnewsagencythattouristsare"damagingthelocalidiosyncrasy"as"customsfromthecontinent"areinfiltratingtheisland."The1,000-yearcultureischangingandnotforthegood."

Crimeanddomesticviolencefiguresarealsorising,andbasicservicessuchaswastemanagement,9(strain)underthepressure."Environmentallytheislandisveryfragile,"AnaMariaGutierrez,thelocalgovernment'senvironmentaladvisertoldAFP.ForMayorEdmunds,thelegislationis"agoodstart"but“notenough.”Like"manyotherRapaNui"hesaidhefavorsa"total"banonthe10(arrive)ofnewresidents.【答案】1.toprotect2.into3.an4.who5.beallowed6.standing7.sensitive8.washit9.arestraining10.arrival【提高篇】Anartificialintelligence(AI)monitoringplatformtoprotectChina'swildlifehasbeen1(joint)established,localauthoritiessaidTuesday.TheAIbigdatareal-timemonitoringplatform,co-developedbyFelineResearchCenterofNationalForestryandGrasslandAdministration,HarbinInstituteofTechnology(HIT)andHITBigDataGroup,2(expect)tosupportresearchonecologicalsystems,animalpopulationandindividualanimalsthroughadvancedtechnologies,3(include)AI,machinelearningandneuro-linguisticprocessing.TheInternetofThings,bigdataandintelligentmachinevisionwillalsoenabletheplatform4(establish)individualrecognitionmodelswithmainrecognition5(element),suchasanimals'posture,gait,colorandfurpattern.LiFuquan,6officialwithHITBigDataGroup,saidtheplatformwillbepreliminarilyappliedtotrackandmonitorendangeredSiberiantigers,leopardsandtheirprey.Forestzones7northeasternHeilongjiangandJilinprovincesandborderareasbetweenChinaandRussiaareSiberiantigers8leopards'mainhabitat.Theplatformisexpectedtoprovidecross-borderservicesforwildlifeprotection,accordingtoLi.AdatabaseforSiberiantigersandleopardswillbeestablishedtohelpstudytherelationshipbetweenthechangesof9(ecology)environmentandthedevelopmentofthespecies."Datacanhelp10(we)betterunderstandwildlife,andmoretechnologiesareexpectedtobeintroducedtostudyandprotectwildanimals,"Liadded.【答案】1.jointly2.isexpected3.including4.toestablish5.elements6.an7.in8.and9.ecological10.us【專項微練：情態(tài)動詞】1．Wecan’t________(tolerant)peoplethrowinggarbagehereandthere,sowewilllaunchacampaigntoappealtopeopletoprotecttheenvironment.(所給詞的適當形式填空)【答案】tolerate【詳解】考查動詞。句意：我們不能容忍人們到處亂扔垃圾，所以我們將發(fā)起一項運動，呼吁人們保護環(huán)境。提示詞在句中作謂語，與主語We之間是主動關系，在情態(tài)動詞can’t后用動詞原形。故填tolerate。2．Justbepatient.You________expecttheworldtochangesosoon.(用適當?shù)脑~填空)【答案】can’t【詳解】考查情態(tài)動詞。句意：耐心一點兒，你不能期望世界變化如此快。分析句子結構可知，此處應為情態(tài)動詞，結合句意可知，此處表示推測，含有“勸慰”的意思，意為“不可能”，使用情態(tài)動詞can’t符合語境。故填can’t。3．ItisusuallywarminmyhometowninMarch,butit________berathercold.(用適當?shù)脑~填空)【答案】can【詳解】考查情態(tài)動詞。句意：三月我的家鄉(xiāng)通常很暖和，但也可能會很冷。分析句子結構可知，be動詞前應為情態(tài)動詞，結合句意可知，此處為情態(tài)動詞表推測，在“系動詞+形容詞”結構中，通常使用can表示“有時候會，時常會”，該句表示“在3月我們家鄉(xiāng)通常很溫暖，但有時候會很冷”，所以此處使用情態(tài)動詞can符合語境。故填can。4．________youpleasehandmethebookoverthere?(用適當?shù)脑~填空)【答案】Would【詳解】考查情態(tài)動詞。句意：你能把那邊的書交給我嗎？分析句子可知，此處應為“wouldyoupleasedosth.”的用法，表示對“你/你們”的請求，would在這里有表示委婉的語氣的作用，而please加強了這種委婉的語氣，且would位于句首，首字母需大寫。故填Would。5．Althoughshehadreadthestory,Idon’tthinkshe________seethepointofit.(用適當?shù)脑~填空)【答案】could【詳解】考查情態(tài)動詞。句意：雖然她讀過這個故事，但我認為她不明白其中的意義。后跟動詞原形，表示“能夠”應用could。故填could。6．You________getaprizeaslongasyoufinishitaheadoftime.(用適當?shù)脑~填空)【答案】shall【詳解】考查情態(tài)動詞。句意：只要你提前完成，你就會得到獎品。根據(jù)句意及所給句子可知，此處使用情態(tài)動詞shall，表給對方的允諾，后接動詞原形。故填shall。7．It________beTomwhobrokethewindow,becausehehasbeenstudyingathomealldaylong.(用適當?shù)脑~填空)【答案】can’t【詳解】考查情態(tài)動詞。句意：打破窗戶的不可能是湯姆，因為他一整天都在家里學習。根據(jù)句意，設空處應用情態(tài)動詞can’t，表對目前狀態(tài)的否定猜測。故填can’t。8．He________beathome,forthelightsareon.(用適當?shù)脑~填空)【答案】must【詳解】考查情態(tài)動詞。句意：他一定在家，因為燈還開著。根據(jù)句意及所給句子可知，此處使用情態(tài)動詞must，表對當前狀態(tài)的推測，意為“一定”。故填must。9．Thelittleboy________notgooutintheevening.(用適當?shù)脑~填空)【答案】dare【詳解】考查情態(tài)動詞。句意：這個小男孩晚上不敢出去。根據(jù)句意及所給句子可知，此處使用情態(tài)動詞dare，意為“敢于”，后接動詞原形。故填dare。10．Ifindit________totakeawalkinthecountryside,whereIcan________myselfwithacupofteaandeatsome________.(refresh)(所給詞的適當形式填空)【答案】refreshingrefreshrefreshments【詳解】考查形容詞、動詞和名詞。句意：我覺得在鄉(xiāng)下散步使人精神煥發(fā)，在那里我可以喝杯茶提神，吃點點心。第一空應填形容詞作賓語補足語，refreshing使人精力充沛的，令人耳目一新的，形容詞；第二空是where引導的定語從句的謂語動詞，refresh使恢復精力，使涼爽，動詞，情態(tài)動詞can后接動詞原形；第三空應填名詞作賓語，refreshments茶點，點心，常用復數(shù)形式。故填①refreshing②refresh③refreshments。【真題精選】（2023·湖北·統(tǒng)考二模）閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當?shù)膬热?1個單詞)或括號內單詞的正確形式。Chinawillbuildtheworld’slargestnationalparksystem,andalayoutplanwillbereleasedsoon.Theplanisbeingdrafted____11____(meet)therequirementsofbuildingasystemwiththelargestscaleofprotection,themostdiversegeographicalfeaturesandthehighestconservationvalueintheworld.Undertheplan,which____12____(launch)bytheadministrationin2019,about50areashavebeenselectedascandidatesfornationalparks.Theparksareexpectedtocover10percentofthe____13____(country)landareaandpreservemorethan80percentofthekeynational____14____(protect)wildplantandanimalspecies.InOctober,Chinaannounceditsfirstgroupoffivenationalparks,covering____15____totallandareaofmorethan230,000squarekilometers.Sincetheirestablishment,theparks____16____(make)achievementsinenvironmentalandspeciesprotection.“Atthesametime,anewgroupofnationalparksarebeingestablished____17____anorderlymannerandwillbeputintouseassoonaspossible,”emphasizedLi,theNationalForestryandGrasslandAdministrationofficial.LialsosaidatthenewsconferenceonMonday____18____China’splantedforestconservationareahasreached87.6millionhectares,____19____(rank)Nolintheworld.Chinaisalsooneofthe12countrieswith_____20_____(rich)biodiversityintheworld,headded.【答案】11．tomeet12．waslaunched13．country’s14．protected15．a(chǎn)16．havemade17．in18．that19．ranking20．therichest【導語】本文是一篇新聞報道。中國將建設世界上最大的國家公園體系，不久將發(fā)布布局規(guī)劃。該規(guī)劃正在起草中，以滿足建設世界上保護規(guī)模最大、地理特征最多樣、保護價值最高的體系的要求。11．考查非謂語動詞。句意：該規(guī)劃正在起草中，以滿足建設世界上保護規(guī)模最大、地理特征最多樣、保護價值最高的體系的要求。分析句子可知，此處是不定式做目的狀語。故填tomeet。12．考查時態(tài)語態(tài)。句意：根據(jù)政府于2019年啟動的該計劃，約有50個地區(qū)被選為國家公園的候選地區(qū)。分析句子可知，空格處作謂語。根據(jù)時間狀語in2019可知，應用一般過去時態(tài)。先行詞theplan與launch是被動關系，故用被動語態(tài)。故填waslaunched。13．考查名詞所有格。句意：這些公園預計將覆蓋全國10%的土地面積，并保護80%以上的國家重點保護野生動植物物種。分析句子可知，此處應用名詞所有格形式作定語。故填country’s。14．考查非謂語動詞。句意：同上。分析句子可知，此處是非謂語動詞作定語。wildplantandanimalspecies與protect是邏輯上的動賓關系，故用過去分詞。故填protected。15．考查冠詞。句意：10月，中國宣布了第一批五個國家公園，總占地面積超過23萬平方公里。covera(n)…areaof是固定短語，意為“占地……；覆蓋多大面積”，total發(fā)音以輔音音素開頭，故填a。16．考查時態(tài)。句意：自成立以來，這些公園在環(huán)境和物種保護方面取得了成就。分析句子可知，空格處作謂語，根據(jù)時間狀語since可知，此處應用現(xiàn)在完成時。故填havemade。17．考查介詞。句意：國家林草局官員李強調：“與此同時，一批新的國家公園正在有序建立，并將盡快投入使用?！眎nanorderlymanner是固定短語，意為“有條不紊地”。故填in。18．考查賓語從句。句意：李在周一的新聞發(fā)布會上還表示，中國的人工林保護面積已達8760萬公頃，居世界首位。分析句子可知，空格處應填入賓語從句引導詞，該賓語從句成分齊全，句意完整，故用that引導。故填that。19．考查非謂語動詞。句意：同上。分析句子可知，此處表示一種自然而然的結果，用現(xiàn)在分詞短語作結果狀語。故填ranking。20．考查形容詞最高級。句意：他補充道，中國也是世界上生物多樣性最豐富的12個國家之一。根據(jù)句中intheworld可知，此處應用形容詞最高級。故填therichest。（2023·甘肅隴南一模）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當?shù)膯卧~或括號內單詞的正確形式。Analysisofmillionsofinfrared(紅外線)photosandtensof____21____(thousand)ofvideosshowsthattheSanjiangyuanareaintheheartoftheQinghai-TibetPlateauhasoneofthemostcompletefoodchainsintheworld.Theanalysis____22____(carry)outbytheShanShuiConservationCentremorethanadecadeago.AprofessorofconservationbiologyatPekingUniversity,____23____foundedthecenterin2007andhas____24____(continuous)workedonthepreservationofSanjiangyuanfor17years,said,“Conservationofnatureisnotaboutshoutingslogans(口號)relatedtokeepingrareanimalsaliveItisnotsomethingyoucanlearnfromtextbooks.Realityalways____25____(tell)uswhattheproblemis.Apartfromprotectinganimalsandtheenvironment,weneedtopayattentiontothepeoplewhosharethenaturalenvironment____26____wildlife.Wildlifeconservationisalldowntohumans”.Sinceher20s,theprofessorhasbeendevotedtoprotecting____27____researchingendangeredwildlifesuchaspandasandsnowleopards,____28____(promote)theestablishmentofprotectedareasandrelatedlawsandpolicies.Theconservationcenterhasworkedwiththepark’smanagementcommittee____29____(develop)supervisory(監(jiān)管)systems,andprovidedproductdesign_____30_____(solution)fornatureexperienceprograms.【答案】21．thousands22．wascarried23．who24．continuously25．tells26．with27．a(chǎn)nd28．promoting29．todevelop30．solutions【導語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要說明了北京大學保護生物學教授持續(xù)致力于三江源保護17年。21．考查固定短語。句意：對數(shù)百萬張紅外照片和數(shù)萬段視頻的分析表明，位于青藏高原中心的三江源地區(qū)擁有世界上最完整的食物鏈之一。表示“數(shù)萬”短語為thousandsof。故填thousands。22．考查時態(tài)語態(tài)。句意：這項分析是由山水自然保育中心在十多年前進行的。主語analysis與謂語動詞carry構成被動關系，根據(jù)后文morethanadecadeago可知為一般過去時的被動語態(tài)，主語是單數(shù)，be動詞應用was。故填wascarried。23．考查定語從句。句意：他是北京大學保護生物學教授，于2007年創(chuàng)立了該中心，17年來一直致力于三江源的保護工作。非限制性定語從句修飾先行詞professor，在從句中作主語，指人，故填who。24．考查副詞。句意：他是北京大學保護生物學教授，于2007年創(chuàng)立了該中心，17年來一直致力于三江源的保護工作。修飾動詞work應用副詞continuously，作狀語。故填continuously。25．考查時態(tài)。句意：現(xiàn)實總是告訴我們問題所在。根據(jù)后文is可知為一般現(xiàn)在時，主語為Reality，為不可數(shù)名詞，謂語用三單形式。故填tells。26．考查介詞。句意：除了保護動物和環(huán)境，我們還需要關注那些與野生動物共享自然環(huán)境的人們。表示“和……分享”短語為sharewith。故填with。27．考查連詞。句意：自20多歲以來，她一直致力于保護和研究大熊貓、雪豹等瀕危野生動物，推動保護區(qū)的建立和相關法律政策的制定。此處protecting與researching為并列關系，應用連詞and。故填and。28．考查非謂語動詞。句意：自20多歲以來，她一直致力于保護和研究大熊貓、雪豹等瀕危野生動物，推動保護區(qū)的建立和相關法律政策的制定。分析句子結構可知promote與邏輯主語theprofessor構成主動關系，故用現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語。故填promoting。29．考查非謂語動詞。句意：保護中心與公園管理委員會合作開發(fā)了監(jiān)督系統(tǒng)，并為自然體驗項目提供了產(chǎn)品設計解決方案。分析句子結構可知develop作目的狀語，應用不定式。故填todevelop。30．考查名詞。句意：保護中心與公園管理委員會合作開發(fā)了監(jiān)督系統(tǒng)，并為自然體驗項目提供了產(chǎn)品設計解決方案。作賓語，應用名詞solution，前文沒有冠詞故用復數(shù)形式表示泛指。故填solutions。（2023·貴州銅仁二模）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當?shù)膯卧~或括號內單詞的正確形式。TwovillageshavebeennamedtheBestTourismVillages2022bytheWorldTourismOrganization,thankstotheirachievementsin____31____(balance)tourismwitheconomicdevelopmentwhilestickingto____32____(environment)protection.Accordingtotheorganization,32villagesin18countriesandregionsincludingAustria,ChileandChina____33____(award)therecognitionlateonTuesday.China’sDazhaivillageintheGuangxiZhuangautonomousregion____34____JingzhuvillageinChongqingwontherecognition.FiguresshowthattourismdevelopmentinDazhai____35____(bring)greateconomicbenefitstovillagerssincethevillagestartedtodeveloptourismaround2003.Accordingtothebureau,____36____thevillageonlyreceived32,000visitsin2004,thenumberrosetonearly798,000in2019beforeCOVID-19emerged.Thevillagers’averageincomealsosaw____37____risefrom700yuanperyear($100)toover34,500yuanin2019.Jingzhuvillage,theothervillage____38____(recognize)bytheWorldTourismOrganizationthisyear,islocatedinChongqing.TheWorldTourismOrganizationbegantoawardBestTourismVillagesacrosstheworldin2021____39____(promote)theculturalheritageprotectionandsustainabledevelopmentofvillages.Chinasofarhasfourvillageswinningthetitle,_____40___