職稱英語(yǔ)理工類(lèi)b級(jí)模擬9

職稱英語(yǔ)理工類(lèi)B級(jí)模擬9

第1部分：詞匯選項(xiàng)

下面共有15個(gè)句子，每個(gè)句子中均有1個(gè)詞或短語(yǔ)劃有底橫線，請(qǐng)從每個(gè)句子后面

所給的4個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選擇1個(gè)與劃線部分意義最相近的詞或短語(yǔ)。

1>Thehigh-speedtrainscanhaveamajorimpactontravelpreferences.

A.forceB.influence

C.surpriseD.power

2、Canyoufollowtheplotsofar?

A.changeB.investigate

C.writeD.understand

3、Eveninahighlymodernizedcountry,manualworkisstillneeded.

A.physicalB.mental

C.naturalD.hard

4、Inthelattercasetheoutcomecanbeseriousindeed.

A.resultB.judgment

C.decisionD.event

5、NormanBlarneyisanartistofdeepconvictions.

A.statementsB.beliefs

C.suggestionsD.claims

6、Uptonowftheworkhasbeeneasy.

A.SoB.Solong

C.SothatD.Sofar

7>Thereportadvocatedsettingupdaytrainingcolleges.

A.supposedB.excited

C.suggestedD.discussed

8、Accordingly,anumberofothermethodshavebeenemployed.

A.ThereforeB.Afterwards

C.HoweverD.Furthermore

9、Theoutlookfromthetopofthemountainisbreathtaking.

A.viewB.sight

C.lookD.point

10>Ourlivesareintimatelyboundupwiththeirs.

A.tenselyB,nearly

C.carefullyD.closely

11>Theunionrepresentativeputacrossherargumentveryeffectively.

A.explainedB.invented

C.consideredD.accepted

12>Hetalkstoughbuthasatenderheart.

A.heavyB.mild

C.kindD.wild

13>Itisnousedebatingtherelativemeritsofthispolicy.

A.makingB.taking

C.discussingD.expecting

14、Ourstatisticsshowthatweconsumeallthatwearecapableofproducing.

A.wasteB.buy

C.useD.sell

15>Thefueltankshadacapacityof140liters.

A.functionB.ability

C.powerD.volume

第2部分：閱讀判斷

閱讀下面這篇短文，短文后列出了7個(gè)句子，請(qǐng)根據(jù)短文的內(nèi)容對(duì)每個(gè)句子做出判

斷。如果該句提供的是正確信息，請(qǐng)選A；如果改句提供的是錯(cuò)誤信息，請(qǐng)選B；如果

該句的信息文章中沒(méi)有提及，請(qǐng)選C。

TheThreattoKiribati

ThepeopleofKiribatiareafraidthatonedayinthenot-too-distantfuture,

theircountrywilldisappearfromthefaceoftheearth-literally.Several

timesthisyear,thePacificislandnationhasbeenfloodedbyasuddenhigh

tide.Thesetides,whichsweptacrosstheislandanddestroyedhouses,came

whentherewasneitherwindnorrain.'*Thisneverhappenedbefore,'*saythe

oldercitizensofKiribati.

Whatiscausingthesemysterioushightides?Theanswermaywellbeglobal

warming.Whenfuelslikeoilandcoalarebeingburned,pollutants（污染物）

arereleased；thesepollutantstrapheatintheearth*satmosphere.Warmer

temperaturescausewatertoexpandandalsocreatemorewaterbymeltingglaciers

（冰川）andpolar（極地的）icecaps.

Ifthetrendcontinueszscientistssay,manycountrieswillsuffer.

Bangladesh,forexample,mightloseone-fifthofitsland.Thecoral（珊瑚）

islandnationsofthePacificzlikeKiribatiandtheMarshallIslands,however,

wouldfaceanevenworsefate-theywouldbeswallowedbythesea.Theloss

ofthesecoralislandswouldbeeveryone1sloss.Coralformationsarehome

tomorespeciesthananyotherplaceonearth.

Thepeopleofthesenationsfeelfrustrated.Thesea,onwhichtheireconomies

havealwaysbeenbased,issuddenlythreateningtheirexistence.Theydon11

havethemoneyforexpensivetechnologicalsolutionslikeseawalls.Andthey

havenocontroloverthepollutants；whicharebeingreleasedmainlyby

activitiesinlargeindustrializedcountries.Alltheycandoistohopethat

industrializedcountrieswilltakestepstoreducepollution.

16>ThepeopleofKiribatiworrythatonedaytheircountrywillbetaken

awaybyasuddenhightide.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

17>HightidesusedtoattackKiribatiwhentherewasstrongwindorheavy

rein.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

18>Theheatreleasedbyburningoilandcoalisthedirectcauseofglobal

warming.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

19、Scientistsarenotsurehowserioustheeffectsofglobalwarmingwill

be.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

20、ThecoralislandnationsofthePacifichavealonghistoryofcivilization.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

21、Thepeopleofthecoralislandnationsareunabletodoanythingsubstantial

abouttheproblemofglobalwarming.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

22、Someindustrializedcountriesareunwillingtospendmoneyinreducing

pollution.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

第3部分：概括大意與完成句子

閱讀下面這篇短文，短文后有2項(xiàng)測(cè)試任務(wù)：（1）第23?26題要求從所給的6個(gè)選項(xiàng)中

為第2,3,5和6段每段選擇1個(gè)正確的小標(biāo)題；（2）第27?30題要求從所給的6個(gè)選項(xiàng)中

選擇4個(gè)正確選項(xiàng)，分別完成每個(gè)句子。

Robots

1Themostsophisticated（先進(jìn)的）Japanese-robots,whichhavevisionsystems

andworkatveryhighspeedszarestillbasedonAmericandesigns.Studies

ofrobots,particularlycomputercontrolsoftwarezareconsideredtobe

generallylessadvancedinJapanthaninAmericaorEurope.

2Althoughindustrialrobotswereoriginallydevelopedasdevicesforsimply

handlingobjects,todaytheircommonestusesareformoreskilledworklike

welding（焊接），spray-paintingandassemblingcomponents.

3InBritain,robotsalesappropriatelypeakedin1984zbuthavebeendeclining

eversince.ThisispartlybecauseBritishwageratesaretoolowtomake

robotsfinanciallyattractiveandpartlybecauseengineersnowhavemore

experiencewithrobotsandaremoreawareofthedifficultiesofintroducing

themeffectively.

4Ithasbeencalculatedthatarobotusesonaverageabout100timesmore

energythanahumantodoanequivalentjob.

5Itisestimatedthat20%ofallcomicbookheroesinJapanarerobots.

Thisisanenormousnumberbecausecomicsaresopopularthattheymakeup

athirdofallmaterialpublishedinJapan.

6ThereliabilityofrobotsismeasuredintheirMT.BF.ormeantimebetween

failures.Thishasrisenfromabout250hoursinthemid-1970stoabout10,000

hourstoday（equivalenttoworking18hoursadayfortwoyears）.Oneway

robotmanufacturershaveincreasedreliabilityistotesteverysinglecomponent

theybuy,insteadofthenormalprocedureofjusttestingasmallsample.

7ThebiggestsinglebenefitofintroducingrobotsclaimedbyJapanese

companiesisthattheyincreasequalitycontrol.Onceprogrammed,therobots

canworkmoreaccuratelyandconsistentlythanhumans,whocangettiredand

bored.

23、Paragraph2.

AOngoingResearch

BExtensionofUse

CRobotHeroes

DGreaterReliability

EFallingDemand

FHiddenDanger

24、Paragraph3.

25、Paragraph5.

26>Paragraph6.

27、EventhemostsophisticatedJapaneserobotsare.

Atoomuchenergy

BbasedonAmericandesigns

Ctheyaretoocostly

Dtheyarenotreliable

Egoodtoqualitycontrol

Ffreeofcharge

28>RobotsarelesspopularinBritaintodaypartlybecause.

29、Onedisadvantageofusingrobotsisthattheyconsume.

30、Itisclaimedthatintroducingrobotsis.

第4部分：閱讀理解

下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道題，每道題后面有4個(gè)選項(xiàng)。請(qǐng)根據(jù)文章的內(nèi)容,

從每題所給的4個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選擇1個(gè)最佳答案。

/第J一篇ATTJ

NewFoodsandtheNewWorld

Inthelast500years,nothingaboutpeople--nottheirclothes,ideas,

orlanguages--haschangedasmuchaswhattheyeat.Theoriginalchocolate

drinkwasmadefromtheseedsofthecocoatree（可可樹(shù)）bySouthAmerican

Indians.TheSpanishintroducedittotherestoftheworldduringthe1500's.

Andalthoughitwasveryexpensive,itquicklybecamefashionable.InLondon,

shopswherechocolatedrinkswereservedbecameimportantmeetingplaces.

Somestillexisttoday；

ThepotatoisalsofromtheNewWorld.Around1600ztheSpanishbrought

itfromPerutoEurope,whereitsoonwaswidelygrown.Irelandbecameso

dependentonitthatthousandsofIrishpeoplestarvedwhenthecropfailed

H

duringthe"PotatoFamine（饑荒）of1845-1846zandthousandsmerewereforced

toleavetheirhomelandandmovetoAmerica.

TherearemanyotherfoodsthathavetraveledfromSouthAmericatothe

OldWorld.Butsomeotherswentintheoppositedirection.Brazilisnowthe

world*slargestgrowerofcoffee,andcoffeeisanimportantcropinColombia

andotherSouthAmericancountries.ButitisnativetoEthiopia,acountry

inAfrica.ItwasfirstmadeintoadrinkbyArabsduringthe14001s.

AccordingtoanArabiclegend,coffeewasdiscoveredwhenapersonnamed

Kaldinoticedthathisgoatswereattractedtotheredberriesonacoffee

bush.HetriedoneandexperiencedtheHwide-awake1feelingthatonethird

oftheworld'spopulationnowstartsthedaywith.

3工、Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowinghaschangedthemost

inthelast500years?

A.Food.

B.Clothing.

C.Ideology.

D.Language.

32、11Some"inthelastsentenceofthefirstparagraphrefersto

A.somecocoatrees.

B.somechocolatedrinks.

C.someshops.

D.someSouthAmericanIndians.

33^ThousandsofIrishpeoplestarvedduringthe"PotatoFamine"because

A.theyweresodependentonpotatoesthattheyrefusedtoeatanything

else.

B.theywereforcedtoleavetheirhomelandandmovetoAmerica.

C?theweatherconditionsinIrelandwerenotsuitableforgrowingpotatoes.

D.thepotatoharvestwasbad.

34、Whichcountryisthelargestcoffeeproducer?

A.Brazil.

B.Colombia.

C.Ethiopia.

D?Egypt.

35、WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrue,accordingtothepassage?

A.Onethirdoftheworld1spopulationdrinkscoffee.

B.CoffeeisnativetoColombia.

C.Coffeecankeeponeawake.

D.CoffeedrinkswerefirstmadebyArabs.

弟一扁

PleaseFastenYourSeatbelts

Severeturbulence（湍流）cankillaircraftpassengers.Now,intestflights

overtheRockyMountainszNASA（美國(guó)航空航天局）engineershavesuccessfully

detectedclear-airturbulenceupto10secondsbeforeanaircrafthitsit.

Clear-airturbulenceoftencatchespilotsbysurprise.Invisibletoradar,

itisdifficulttoforecastandcanhurl（用力學(xué)也出去）passengersaboutthecabin.

InDecember1997,onepassengerdiedandahundredotherswereinjuredwhen

unexpectedroughaircausedaUnitedAirlinesflightoverthePacifictodrop

300metresinafewseconds.

However,passengerscanavoidseriousinjurybyfasteningtheirseatbelts.

"Itistheonlyantidote（對(duì)策）forthissortofthing,nsaysRodBogue,project

manageratNASA1sDrydenFlightResearchCenterinEdwards,California.

Thecentre1snewturbulencedetectorisbasedonlidar,orlaserradar.

Laserpulsesaresentaheadoftheplaneandthesearethenreflectedback

byparticlesintheair.ThetechniquedependsontheDopplereffect.The

wavelengthofthelightshiftsaccordingtothespeedatwhichtheparticles

areapproaching.Incalmairzthespeedequalstheplane*sairspeed.Butas

theparticlesswirl（打漩）inroughair,theirspeedofapproachincreases

ordecreasesrapidly.Therateofchangeinspeedcorrespondstotheseverity

（激頁(yè)N程度）oftheturbulence.

Inaseriesofteststhatbeganlastmonth,aresearchjetflewrepeatedly

intodisturbedairoverthemountainridges（山脈）nearPueblo,Colorado.The

lidardetectorspottedturbulencebetween3and8kilometresahead,andits

forecastsofstrengthanddurationcorrespondedcloselywiththeturbulence

thattheplaneencountered.

BoguesaysthathehadHacomfortableamountoftime"tofastenhisseatbelt.

Theresearchersareplanningtoimprovethelidar*srangewithamorepowerful

beam.Thesystemcouldbeinstalledoncommercialaircraftinthenextfew

years.

36、WhatdoesHclear-airturbulence"probablymean?（Paragraph1）

A.Anotveryroughstorm.

B.Unexpecteddisturbedair.

C.Akindofvisiblestorm.

D.Astormovermountainridges.

37、InDecember1997zaUnitedAirlinesflighthitunexpectedroughair,

A.causingaletofdamagetotheplane.

B.throwingitspassengersoutofthecabin.

C.resultinginheavycasualties.

D.forcingthepilottomakeanemergencylanding.

38、Theturbulencedetectorcantelltheseverityoftheturbulencebymeasuring

A.thespeedoftheplane.

B.thespeed,ofthelight.

C.thenumberofparticlesintheair.

D.thechangesoftheparticles1speed.

39、Wecaninferfromthefifthparagraphthat

A.thelidardetectorcansuccessfullyforecastturbulence.

B.researchersarenotsureabouttheeffectivenessofthelidardetector,

C.passengerplaneswillbeusedinfurtherexperiments.

D.nomoretestflightsareneeded.

40、Thelastparagraphtellsus,amongotherthings,that

A.thelidardetectorneedsimprovement.

B.manyairlinesareinterestedinthesystem.

C.passengersoftenforgettofastentheirseatbelts.

D.thelidardetectorcanbeusedinawiderangeofareas.

—

"Salty"RicePlantBoostsHarvests

Britishscientistsarebreedinganewgenerationofriceplantsthatwill

beabletogrowinsoilcontainingsaltwater.Theirworkmayenableabandoned

farmstobecomeproductiveoncemore.

TimFlowersandTonyYeo,fromSussexUniversity1sSchoolofBiological

Sciences,havespentseveralyearsresearchinghowcrops,suchasricezcould

bemadetogrowinwaterthathasbecomesalty.

Thepairhaverecentlybegunathree-yearprogrammezfundedbythe

BiotechnologyandBiologicalSciencesResearchCouncilztoestablishwhich

genesenablesomeplantstosurvivesaltyconditions.Theaimistobreed

thiscapabilityintocrops,startingwithrice.

Itisestimatedthateachyearmorethan10mhectares（公頃）ofagricultural

landarelostbecausesaltgetsintothesoilandstunts（妨礙生長(zhǎng)）plants.

Theproblemiscausedbyseveralfactors.Inthetropics,mangroves（紅樹(shù)

林）thatcreateswamps（沼澤）andtraditionallyformedbarrierstoseawater

havebeencutdown.IntheMediterranean,aseriesofdroughtshavecaused

thewatertabletodrop,allowingseawatertoseep（滲透）in.InLatinAmerica,

irrigationoftencausesproblemswhenwaterisevaporated（蒸發(fā)）bytheheat,

leavingsaltdepositsbehind.

Excesssaltthenenterstheplantsandpreventsthemfunctioningnormally.

Heavyconcentrationsofmineralsintheplantsstopthemdrawingupthewater

theyneedtosurvive.

Toovercometheseproblems,FlowersandYeodecidedtobreedriceplants

thattakeinverylittlesaltandstorewhattheydoabsorbincellsthat

donotaffecttheplants*growth.Theyhavestartedtobreedthese

characteristicsintoanewricecrop,butitwilltakeabouteightharvests

beforetheresultingseedsarereadytobeconsideredforcommercialuse.

OncethecharacteristicsforsurvivingsaltysoilareknownzFlowersand

Yeowilltrytobreedtheappropriategenesintoallmannersofcropsand

plants.Landthathasbeenabandonedtonaturewillthenbeabletobloom

again,providingmuchneededfoodinthepoorercountriesoftheworld.

41、WhichofthefollowingstatementsaboutFlowersandYeoistrue?

A.TheyarestudentsatSussexUniversity.

B.Theyarericebreeders.

C.Theyarehusbandandwife.

D.Theyarecolleaguesataninstitutionofhigherlearning.

42、FlowersandYeohavestartedaprogramme

A.tofindwaystopreventwaterpollution.

B.toidentifygenesthatpromotegrowthinsaltysoil.

C.tobreedriceplantsthattastesalty.

D.tofindwaystoremoveexcessivesaltfromsoil.

43、WhichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedasacauseoftheproblemdiscussed

inthepassage?

A.Naturalbarrierstoseawaterhavebeendestroyed.

B.Thewatertablehasgonedownafterdroughts.

C.Sealevelhasbeencontinuouslyrising.

D.Evaporationofwaterleavessaltbehind.

44、Theword"affect"inParagraph6couldbebestreplacedby

A."influence".

B."effect".

C."stop".

D."present.

45、Theattitudeoftheauthortowardstheresearchprojectis

A.positive.

B.negative.

C.suspicious.

D.indifferent.

第5部分：補(bǔ)全短文

閱讀下面的短文，文章中有5處空白，文章后面有6組文字，請(qǐng)根據(jù)文章的內(nèi)容選擇

5組文字，將其分別放回文章原有位置，以恢復(fù)文章原貌。

ShouldtheU.S.halthumanspaceflight?

TheColumbiaaccidenthasrevivedthedebateonwhethertherewards

of

humanspaceexplorationareworththerisks.

No.Iwasateacherwhenmenfirstlandedonthemoonin1969zandIremember

howitmovedmystudentsandthiscountry.46Andwehaven11venturedoutward

sincethen.That*s30yearstoolong!America1shumanspace-flightprogram

isadrift,withnoclearvisionorgoalsbeyondthecompletionofthe

InternationalSpaceStation.

IwantNASAtoestablishaphasedseriesofgoalsoverthenext20years,

includinghumanvisitstoasteroidsthatcrosstheEarth*sorbit,establishing

aresearchandlivingfacilityforhumansonthemoon,andhumanexpeditions

tothesurfaceofMarsanditsmoons.47.

Anastronautistoday*sChristopherColumbus,whosailedintotheunknown

anddiscoveredtheAmericas.Theknowledgewegainfromhavingactualpeople

exploringcanneverbereplacedbyrobots.48Robotsareusefulzbuthumans

candothingsthatrobotscan*t.

Therealobstaclewefaceinovercomingthedriftinthenation1shuman

space-flightprogramisnottechnologicalandit*snotfinancial.49,

ThelessonfromtheColumbiaaccidentisnotthathumansdon11belongin

space.50,

AInstead,weshouldhonorthememoryofthelostastronautsbypushingour

explorationofspacefuture.

BAstronautsarekeytothisexpandedexploration.

CIt1sthelackofcommitmenttogetstarted.

DUntilthen,weshouldstopriskingpeople1slivesbysendingtheminto

space.

EItisnowmorethan30yearssincethelastAmericanleftthesurfaceof

themoonandreturnedtoEarth.

FOurabilitytosendhumansintospaceandhavethemreturngivesusamazing

informationaboutourselvesandouruniverse.

第6部分：完形填空

閱讀下面的短文，文中有15處空白，每處空白給出了4個(gè)選項(xiàng)，請(qǐng)根據(jù)短文的內(nèi)容

從4個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選擇1個(gè)最佳答案。

TheAmericanFamily

IntheAmericanfamilythehusbandandwifeusuallyshareimportantdecision

making.Whenthechildrenare51enough,theytakepartaswell.Foreigners

areoftensurprisedbythepermissiveness（寬容）ofAmericanparents.Theold

rulethatnchildrenshouldbeseenandnotheard"israrely52,andchildren

areoftenallowedtodo53theywishwithoutstrictcontroloftheirparents.

Thefatherseldomexpectshischildrentolistentohim54question,and

childrenareencouragedtobe55atanearlyage.Somepeoplebelievethat

Americanparentscarrythisfreedom56far.Othersthinkthatastrongfather

imagewouldnot57theAmericanvaluesofequalityandindependence.Because

Americansemphasizetheimportanceofindependencezyoungpeopleareexpected

to58