天津市西青區(qū)楊柳青某中學(xué)2022-2023學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期開(kāi)學(xué)檢測(cè)英語(yǔ)試卷(含詳解)

楊柳青一中2022-2023學(xué)年度第一學(xué)期高三開(kāi)學(xué)檢測(cè)

英語(yǔ)試卷

第I卷（選擇題）

一、單項(xiàng)選擇（共15分）

1.—Ineedtotellhimtheconferencehasbeenputoff.

—.He'sonhisway.

A.Thesoonerthebetter.B.Thafsnewstome.

C.Howcouldyou?D.Notespecially.

2.Thefilmistoshowushappinessreallylookslikeinspiteofthemisfortunewehavetoface.

AwhatB.thatC.whichD.how

3.NowadaysmanypeopletravelacrossChinahigh-speedtrains.

A.onbehalfofB.bymeansof

C.atcostofD.intermsof

4.Inartcriticism,youmustassumetheartisthasasecretmessagewithinthework.

A.tohideB.hidden

C.hidingD.beinghidden

5.WhenErinfoundalostwalletonthebus,shethatgoingtoastranger'shousetoreturnitwasarisky

move,butshedecidedtotakethechance.

A.disagreedB.complainedC.calculatedD.recommended

6.Asfossilfuelsareunsustainable,alternativeenergy,suchassunlight,windandwater,currently.

A.wasemployedB.isbeingemployed

C.wereemployedD.arebeingemployed

7.theweatherhasclearedup,wecanstartourjourney.

A.IncaseB.NowthatC.EventhoughD.Eversince

8.Sincemanyformerdrugabusershavepsychologicalproblemstheyoftenneedsupportgroupsthey

cantalkabouttheirstrugglesandfindnewwaystomanageintheworld.

A.whichB.whoC.whereD.when

9.Variouseffortsintheyearsaheadtoprotecttheenvironment.

AaremadeB.havebeenmadeC.weremadeD.willbemade10.It'sagoodideatochoosea（n）

destinationincaseyourfirst-choicetouristspotisnotavailable.

A.annualB.exactC.alternativeD.pleasant

11.Mr.Zhanggavememanyvaluablepresents,thatIhadneverseen.

A.onesB.oneC.thoseD.theones

12.Thecompanypresentedhimwithagoldwatchinofhis20yearsofgoodservice.

A.achievementB.appreciationC.attentionD.agreement

13.Thenationalparkhasalargecollectionofwildlife,frombutterfliestoelephants.

A.rangingB.range

C.torangeD.ranged

14.It'squitewarmhere;weturntheheatingonyet.

A.couldn,tB.mustn'tC.needn'tD.wouldn't

15.Sothatallthewoundedoughttobesenttohospitalwithoutanyhesitation.

A.seriousinjuredtheyareB.seriouslyinjuredtheyare

C.seriousinjuredweretheyD.seriouslyinjuredarethey

二、完形填空（共30分）

Themoonhadgonebehindacloudandthereweren'tmanystarsinthesky.AsItookaglance（一瞥）atmy

neighbor*shouse,Isawaflame（火焰）inhis16.1thoughthewashavingamidnightfastfoodsoIwent

backtomy17

Soon,therewasa18smellintheairandIguessedsomethingwaswrong.19、Ijumpedoutof

bedandwentdownstairsto20.Isawfirecomingoutofmyneighbour'skitchen.Rightaway,I21"

Fire!Fire!"Buttherewasnoonenearbyto22myshoutsforhelp.

I23intomyhouse,calledtheFireDepartmentandwentbacktomyneighbour'shouse.Irangthe

doorbell,hitonthedoorand24myneighbour'snamebuttherewasno25.1managedto26

thehouseandrescuedacatandarabbit.

Itriedtothrowwaterthroughthekitchenwindow27itwasnouse;thefirewastoostrong.28、

afireenginearrivedandsoonthefiremenputoutthefire.Theyarrivedjust29asthefirewasgoingto

30totheotherroomsinthehouse.

Whenmyneighborcamebackhewas31becausehiskitchenwasburntdown,buthethankedmefbr

callingtheFireDepartmentandforsavinghis32.HewantedtogivemesomemoneyinreturnbutIdidnot

33it.Weekslater,myneighborrepairedandrestoredhiskitchen.He34metoseehisnewkitchen

andtherehegavemeamedal（獎(jiǎng)?wù)拢﹖hathehad_35_orderedfromafactory.Itmademefeelveryhappy.

16.A.sittingroomB.bathroomC.kitchenD.bedroom

17.A.chairB.tableC.bedD.sofa

18.A.valuableB.hotC.specialD.burning

19.A.AfterawhileB.AllthetimeC.OnceinawhileD.Atonce

20.A.examineB.searchC.reserveD.smell

21.A.saidB.shoutedC.receivedD.whispered

22.A.hearB.listentoC.askD.turnto

23.A.walkedB.rushedC.jumpedD.stepped

24.A.calledinB.calledupC.calledoutD.calledfor

25.A.answerB.lightC.soundD.fire

26.A.takeoutB.takeupC.breakdownD.breakinto

27.A.andB.butC.becauseD.therefore

28.A.LuckilyB.SadlyC.UnfortunatelyD.Suddenly

29.A.intimeB.ontimeC.atatimeD.attimes

30.A.runB.spreadC.flowD.return

31.A.amazingB.sadC.sickD.angry

32.A.childrenB.parentsC.lifeD.pets

33.A.expectB.wantC.acceptD.permit

34.A.persuadedB.beggedC.admittedD.invited

35.A.graduallyB.particularlyC.speciallyD.regularly

三、閱讀理解（共50分）

Whetheryou'relookingtolearnmoreaboutsustainabilityorimagineyourselfasamediabigmanatthehead

ofaworld-famousmagazine,hereareseveralbooksworthpoppingonyourGoodReadslist.

Asthepressuretosavetheplanetincreases,it'simportantto

TheCo，isciou$Closetturntheconversationtoourcloset.

byElizabethL.ClineStockpilingendlessprintedbooksonsustainabilityseems

somewhatunwise,butTheConsciousClosetiseasilythebestof

Hie

c<)nsciou$

thelot.Itexposesthetruecostoffastfashionandencourages

ACloseti

f

thereadertothinktwiceaboutunwisepurchasing,drawingdeeply

U府(fwZ?&onCline'sownexperiences.

ElizabethL.Clim9

HowThDressSecret

Stylin更

TipsFront4FashionFormerfashioneditoratStylistmagazine,AlexandraFullerton

Insidercertainlyknowssomethingaboutgettingdressed.

byAlexandraFullertonIllustratedbeautifully,thisbookallowsyoutodipeasilyinand

卜outofhereasy-to-followadvice,helpingyoucarveoutasignature

style,shopmoreeffectivelyandevenwashandstoreyourclothesto

nlpRESSmaximizetheirfullpotential.

^■E3H

TheNewFashionOneoftheUK'smostsuccessfulfashionbloggers,Victoria

RulesMcGrathhasusedherplatformtodemonstratethegrowingvalueof

byVictoriaMagrathinfluencercultureonfashionandnewmedia.

Herfriendly,accessibletoneisbackedupwithsomeserious

Intbefrow

knowledge—herPhDinfashionmarketingallowshertoexplore

r班加

/howfarfashionhascomeinrecentdecades,discussingmanythings

Iincludingvirtualrealityshoppingwhileofferingupabrieftourof

VICTORIAMAOHATH——

fashion^21stcenturyhistory.

AdsicedLoueThephotographicblogseriesthatmadestarsofIrisApfeland

byAri55ethCohenLindaRodin,theAdvancedStylebrandhasgrownoverthepast

decade,demonstratingthatrealbeautyistrulyageless.

ccr?1

桿沖Histhirdandmostrecentbook,AdvancedLoveseesAriSeth

背

Cohenpicturingcouplesfromallwalksoflife,makingastatement

BA；

waboutourdismissalofromancewithintheover-40set.

ETHCOHEN

■■和3Theperfectfestivegiftforyourspecialother-half,ora

treat-to-selfasaconstantreminderthatlovenevergoesoutof

style.

36.HowdoesClineadvisereaderstothinktwiceaboutunwisepurchasing?

A.Bydrawingdeeplyonhisownexperience.B.Bypicturingcouplesfromallwalksoflife.

C.Byhelpingreaderstoshopmoreeffectively.D.Byguidingreaderstodosomevirtualreality

shopping.

37.Whichisthemostsuitablebookforanewgraduateignorantoffashion?

A.AdvancedLoveB.TheConsciousCloset

C.TheNewFashionRulesD.HowToDress:SecretStylingTipsFromAFashion

Inside

38.Wecanknowsomethingaboutthedevelopmentoffashionfrom

A.AriSethCohen'sbookB.ElizabethL.Cline'sbook

C.VictoriaMagrath'sbookD.AlexandraFullerton'sbook

39.WhatdoestheAdvancedStylebranddemonstrate?

A.Thegrowingvalueofinfluenceronfashion.B.Thepermanenceofrealbeauty.

C.Thetruecostoffastfashion.D.Thedismissalofromance.

40.Whatdothebookshaveincommon?

A.Theytargetedonyoungladies.B.Theirthemesareallaboutfashion.

C.Theyadviseusagainstunreasonablepurchasing.D.Theyallgivepracticaladviceonhowtogetwell

dressed.

B

Plasticbagsarenotcostlytoproduce.Theyarealsostrongandeasytocarry.Thisiswhytheyareapopular

containerinmostpartsoftheworld.Buttheyarealsoamajorsourceofpollution.Itcantakehundredsofyearsfor

plasticbagstobreakdown.Astheydo,tinypiecescanpoisonsoil,lakes,riversandoceans.Therefore,

environmentalexpertsurgepeopletoreuseandrecycleplasticbags.

MarylandartistAllitaIrbydoesjustthat.Itstartswiththemorningnewspaper.Whatismoreimportantis

gettingthatplasticbagthepapercomesin.Themixedmediaartistrecognizeditsrichpossibilitiesaboutthreeyear

ago."AsIwastakingthenewspaperout,Ifeltthetextureofthesebags.Theyweresoft.Ijustlookeddownand

realizeditwouldtakethreetomakeabraid（辮子）Sincethen,Irbyhasbeenusingplasticbagstocreateabstract

linesinherartworks.Beforeincorporatingplasticbagsinherworks,Irbyusednaturalmaterialslikefeathers,

leatheranddriedplants.AllthoseelementsrepresentherNativeAmericanancestry（血統(tǒng)）andidentity,likeoneof

herworkscalled"NavahoBundles".

Ms.Irby'sneighborspraisedherabilitytoturnwasteintotreasure.Some,likeCharlotteHogan,askedthe

artisttoteachthemhowtocreateartusingtheusedplasticbags."Ithinkitisfascinating,anditiswonderful.Ido

plantoshareitwithmyseniorsatmychurch.^^OneofIrby'sneighborsAletaMeyerexpressedhersurprise,4<Ihave

nevergivenanymorethoughttowhattodowithaplasticbag.Thisisdefinitelydifferent.”

ShirleyWattsalsolivesintheneighborhood.Sheplanstoshowothersherart."Iwanttomakeamasterpiece

thatIcanputinaframeandputituponmywallandthenIknowthatIdidit.”

“Makingartwithfoundmaterialsisnotanewidea.Anyonecandoit.Recycledpaper,clothandmetalgoods

canbecomebeautifulpicturesandsculptures,AllitaIrbysaid,“Ithinkweareallartistsreally,andthereisbeauty

allaroundus."Theartistalsosaidthatallyouhadtodowasopenyoureyesandbringtheoutsidein.

41.Whatismainlydiscussedinthefirstparagraph?

A.Theadvantageofplasticbags.B.Thedisadvantageofplasticbags.

C.Howtoreuseandrecycleplasticbags.D.Theimportanceofrecyclingplasticbags.

42Theunderlinedpart“doesjustthat“inthesecondparagraphmeans"

A.producesplasticbagsB.makesuseofusedplasticbags

C.makesplasticbagsbreakdownD.urgespeopletoreuseandrecycleplasticbags

43.WhatisIrby'sneighbors'attitudetowardsheraction?

A.Supportive.B.NegativeC.Suspicious.D.Unknown.

44.Whointendstosharetheskillofturningusedplasticbagsintoartwitholdpeople?

A.AletaMeyer.B.AllitaIrby.C.CharlotteHoganD.ShirleyWatts

45.AccordingtoAlllitaIrby,themostimportantstepinmakingartwithfoundmaterialsis.

A.tocomeupwiththeideaB.toseekbeautyallaroundus

C.tobeopentonewideasandthingsD.tochoosethemostsuitableobjects

C

ThediscoveryoftheKomodoDragonsisoneofthemostimportantzoological（動(dòng)物學(xué)的）surprisesofthe

20thcentury.Before1912itwascompletelyunknownanditwasbelievedthattherewerenomorelargelizards（蜥

蜴）intheworld.Then,inthatyear,apartyoffishermenstoppedatanalmostcompletely-unknownsmallislandin

agroupofislands.Thefishermenbroughtbackstoriesofahuge,prehistoricanimallivingthere.Theisland'sname

wasKomodo.Thelargestoftheselizardswasovertenfeetfromnosetotail.Komododragonshavealsobeen

discoveredonseveralneighboringislands.

Arethedragonsdangeroustohumans?Yes.ASwisstouristwhosatdowntohavearestwhiletheotherpeople

ofhistourgroupwentaheadwasattackedandeatenbyadragon.Allthatwasleftwasapieceofhiscamera.A

numberofotherpeoplehavebeenkilledbydragonattacksovertheyears.Thedragonscaneatupto80percentof

theirownweightinasinglemeal.Theirattackwayistowaitbehindtrees,thenrushforwardandgiveasinglelarge

bitetothepersonorotheranimal.MostKomododragonspreferwildboar（野豬）ordeerastheirmeals,butthey

willtrytoattackandgetalmosteveryotheranimaltheycanfind,includingotherdragons.Thelargestdragons

weigharound150kilos.ThoughtheKomododragonscanseewell,theydomostoftheirhuntingbasedonsmell.A

dragoncanrecognizeacertainsmellfromseveralmileswhenthewindisright.Theywillhuntwhentheyhaveto,

andtheselargelizardsaremorethanhappytogetanalreadydeadanimalwhentheycomeacrossone.

46.HowwastheKomododragondiscovered?

A.Scientistshadbeenlookingforitandfoundit

B.Itwasfoundbychancebysomefishermen.

C.Somefishermenlookedforitonanisland.

D.Itwasdiscoveredbysometourists.

47.Komododragonshavebeenfound.

A.onlyonKomodoB.onseveralislandsnearKomodoIsland

C.onmanyislandsintheworldD.onalltheislandsnearKomodoIsland

48.Theselargelizardsaredangeroustopeople,because.

A.whenpeopleattackthem,theywillfightback

B.humansaretheirfavouritefood

C.theywillattackandeathumansiftheyfindthem

D.theyaremuchbiggerthanpeople

49.AKomododragonwilleatallthefollowingEXCEPT.

A.deerB.humansC.treesD.Komododragons

50.Komododragons.

A.alwayshuntbysmelling

B.neverhuntbylookingwiththeireyes

C.canalwayssmellsomethingseveralmilesawayD.huntwithboththeirnosesandeyes

D

WhenIwasyoung,afriendandIcameupwitha"big"plantomakereadingeasy.Theideawastoboildown

greatbookstoasentenceeach."Moby-Dick“byAmericanwriterHcnnanMelville,forinstance,wasreducedto:

“Awhaleofataleabouttheonethatgotaway.^^Asitturnedout,thejokewasonus.Howcouldasinglesentence

conveytheessence（精髓）ofamasteipiecewithoverfivehundredpages?

Blinkist,awebsiteandanapp,nowsummarizesnonfictiontitlesinthefbnnofquicktakeslabeled“blinks.”

Theendresultismorethanonesentence,butnotbymuch.SarahBakewelPs"AttheExistentialistCa%''isbroken

into11screensofinformation;MichelleObama's"Becoming“fills13.

Blinkisthasbeenaroundsince2012.ItcallsitssummariesU15-minutediscoveries^^toindicatehowlongit

takestoreadaBlinkistsummary."Almostnoneofus,“theeditorsassureus,"havethetimetoreadeverything

we'dliketoread.^^Well,yes,ofcourse,44Somanybooks,solittletime,"declaresaposterIonceboughtatabook

market.ButIjudgethequalityofsomeone'slibrarybythebooksheorshehasyettoread.

That'sbecauseabookissomethingweoughttolivewith,ratherthanspeedthroughandcategorize.Itoffers

anexperienceasrealasanyother.Thepointofreadingabookisnotaccumulatinginformation,oratleastnotthat

alone.Themostessentialaspectisthecommunicationbetweenwriterandreader.TheideabehindBlinkist,

however,istheopposite:Readingcanbe,shouldbe,measuredbytheefficientuptake（吸收）ofkeyideas.No,no,

no.What'sbestaboutreadingbooksisitsinefficiency.

Whenreadingabook,weneedtodivein,letittakeoverus,demandsomethingofus,teachuswhatitcan.

Blinkistisinsteadaservicethatchangesbooksforpeoplewhodon't,infact,wanttoread.A15-minutesummary

missesthepointofreading;speed-readingwiththeappisn'treadingatall.

51.Whatdoestheunderlinedpart“thejokewasonus“inParagraph1mean?

A.Wewereactuallyjoking.B.Wewerelaughedatbyothers.

C.Wewereunderestimatingourselves.D.Wewerejustembarrassingourselves.

52.WhatisParagraph2mainlyabout?

A.WhatBlinkistis.B.WhyBlinkistispopular.

C.HowtouseBlinkist.D.WhereyoucanuseBlinkist.

53.Whatismentionedasaproblemaboutreadinginparagraph3?

A.Therearefewnewbooksofquality.B.Manybooksarehardtounderstand.

C.Peopledonothaveenoughtimetoread.D.Peopledonotlikereadingasmuchasbefore.

54.Whatisanidealpatternofreadingaccordingtotheauthor?A.Obtainingkeyideasefficiently.B.Further

confirmingourbeliefs.

C.Accumulatinginformationquickly.D.Deeplyinvolvingourselvesinbooks.

55.Whatistheauthor'sattitudetoBlinkist?

A.Positive.B.NegativeC.Uncaring.D.Tolerant.

第n卷(非選擇題)

四、閱讀表達(dá)(共io分)

閱讀短文，按照題目要求用英語(yǔ)回答問(wèn)題。

Iwastravelingwithmyhusbandandthreeteenagesons,intheUnitedStates.Weorderedourfoodatafast-

foodplace,andwithmymealIalsowantedablueberrypie.Myhusbandisthechattyoneinthefamilyandlikesto

socialize,sohestartedtoaconversationabouttheplacewherebluebeniesgrowwiththegirl.Sheanswered,with

someanxiety,"Theygrowontrees.”

Thewholefamily'sjawsdroDDcd!Howcouldthisgirlnotknowwhereblueberriesgrow?Wetriednotto

embarrassher,andjusttooktheopportunitytoteachheralittleabouthowblueberriesgrow,onsmallshrubsonthe

ground.Sheseemedtoappreciatelearningsomethingnew.Wecan'tknowallthesamethings,asyou'llseefrom

thenextthingI'mgoingtotellyou.

In2002ourfamilymadeashorttriptoacoffeeplantation.Theroadtotheplantationwasnarrowfilledwith

hairpinbends.Iworriedabouthittinganothercar.Wedidn't,luckyus!Whenwefinallygottoourdestination,we

learnedalotabouttheplantationandcoffeeproduction,butwedidn'tseeanycoffeeplants.Wherewerethey?We

decidedtoaskoneofthepeopleworkingthere.uSowherearethecoffeeplants?Wecan'tseethemanywhere.n

Shereachedoutherarmandcaughtatwigrightnexttousandexplained,4€Thisisthecoffeeplantandthese

littlethingswillbecoffeebeans.Ilookedaroundinembarrassment,asweweresurroundedbycoffeeplants!She

explainedthatcoffeeplantsaren'tbigandthattheyhavetogrowintheshadeofotherbiggerplants.Iappreciated

herlesson.

Weloveourcoffee,butI'msuremostofmycountrymenwouldnotbeabletorecognizeacoffeeplantamong

othertropicalplantsifasked.Ourjawscandropatdifferentthings,dependingongeographicallocations,atwhat

weknowanddon'tknow.Nevertakeanythingforgranted!

56.Whattopicdidtheauthor'shusbanddiscusswiththegirl?(nomorethan5words)

57.HowdoyouunderstandtheunderlinedpartinParagraph2?(nomorethan10words)

58.Howwasthewaytothecoffeeplantation?(1word)

59.Whatdidtheauthorlearnfromtheworker?(nomorethan15words)

60.Whatinspirationdoyougetfromthestory?Pleaseexpressitinyourownwords,(nomorethan20words)

五、書(shū)面表達(dá)(共25分)

61.假定你是李華，最近，你校學(xué)生會(huì)準(zhǔn)備舉辦一場(chǎng)主題為“國(guó)學(xué)經(jīng)典”的讀書(shū)交流會(huì)(readingseminar)。

你得知美國(guó)交換生Bob對(duì)此很感興趣?，F(xiàn)請(qǐng)你代表學(xué)生會(huì)給他寫一封英文郵件，介紹并邀請(qǐng)他參加。

郵件包括以下內(nèi)容：

1.時(shí)間：本周四下午3:00；

2.地點(diǎn):報(bào)告廳(lecturehall)；

3.內(nèi)容：閱讀經(jīng)典名著，交流讀書(shū)體會(huì)等。

注意：1.詞數(shù)80左右；

2.文章開(kāi)頭和結(jié)尾已給出，不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)。

DearBob,

I'mgladthatyou'reinterestedinthereadingseminartobeheldinourschool.

Yours,LiHua

楊柳青一中2022-2023學(xué)年度第一學(xué)期高三開(kāi)學(xué)檢測(cè)

英語(yǔ)試卷

第I卷（選擇題）

一、單項(xiàng)選擇（共15分）

1.—Ineedtotellhimtheconferencehasbeenputoff.

—.He'sonhisway.

A.Thesoonerthebetter.B.Thafsnewstome.

C.Howcouldyou?D.Notespecially.

【答案】A

【解析】

【詳解】考查情景交際。句意：——我得告訴他會(huì)議延期了。——越快越好。他在路上了。A.Thesooner

thebetter.越快越好；B.That'snewstome.這對(duì)我來(lái)說(shuō)可是個(gè)新聞；C.Howcouldyou?你怎么能；D.Not

especially.并非特別。根據(jù)“He，sonhisway”可知，他已經(jīng)在路上了，因此越快告訴他會(huì)議延期的消息越

好。故選A。

2.Thefilmistoshowushappinessreallylookslikeinspiteofthemisfortunewehavetoface.

A.whatB.thatC.whichD.how

【答案】A

【解析】

【詳解】考查賓語(yǔ)從句連接詞。句意：這部電影向我們展示了幸福到底是什么樣子，盡管我們不得不面對(duì)

不幸。A.what什么；B.that（無(wú)實(shí)際詞意）；C.which哪一個(gè)；D.how怎么樣。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空后

引導(dǎo)的是賓語(yǔ)從句，從句中缺少賓語(yǔ)，連接詞應(yīng)用what。故填what。

3.NowadaysmanypeopletravelacrossChinahigh-speedtrains.

A.onbehalfofB.bymeansof

C.atcostofD.intermsof

【答案】B

【解析】

【分析】

【詳解】考查固定短語(yǔ)。句意：如今，許多人乘高鐵在中國(guó)各地旅行。A.onbehalfof代表，為了；B.by

meansof用,依靠,借助于；C.atcostof以為代價(jià)；D.intermsof在方面,依據(jù)，按照。分析語(yǔ)

境，人們?nèi)ヂ眯?，用的交通工具是高鐵（借助于高鐵），僅有B符合語(yǔ)境，故選B。4.Inartcriticism,you

mustassumetheartisthasasecretmessagewithinthework.

A.tohideB.hidden

C.hidingD.beinghidden

【答案】B

【解析】

【詳解】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：在藝術(shù)批評(píng)中，你必須假定藝術(shù)家在作品中隱藏著一個(gè)秘密信息。句中有

謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞has,所以這里用非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞；message與hide是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故用過(guò)去分詞表示被動(dòng)意義，故選B

項(xiàng)。

【點(diǎn)睛】過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)，在語(yǔ)態(tài)上，表被動(dòng)；在時(shí)間上，表示動(dòng)作已經(jīng)發(fā)生或完成，與它所修飾的名詞有

邏輯（意義）上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系。過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)表示動(dòng)作在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作之前發(fā)生，已經(jīng)完成并具有被動(dòng)意義。作

定語(yǔ)的過(guò)去分詞一般由及物動(dòng)詞變來(lái)，因?yàn)橹挥屑拔飫?dòng)詞才有被動(dòng)意義。如：

1.Heisateacherlovedbyhisstudents.他是個(gè)很受學(xué)生愛(ài)戴的老師。

也有用不及物動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)的情況，一般作前置定語(yǔ)，它不表示被動(dòng)意義，只表示主動(dòng)意義，強(qiáng)

調(diào)動(dòng)作完成。如：

fallenleaves落葉retiredworkers退休工人therisensun升起的太陽(yáng)

注意下面過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)的幾種情況：

一、單個(gè)的過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)一般放在被修飾的名詞之前，也可以放名詞后作后置定語(yǔ)，用以強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作。

如：

1.Weneededmuchmorequalifiedworkers.我們需要更多的合格的工人。

2.Myfriendisareturnedstudent.我的朋友是個(gè)歸國(guó)的留學(xué)生。

3.Theydecidedtochangethematerialused.他們決定更換使用的材料。

二、過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)放在被修飾的名詞后面，作后置定語(yǔ)時(shí)，其作用相當(dāng)于一個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句。如：

Thestudentdressedinwhiteismydaughter.

="The"studentwhoisdressedinwhileismydaughter.穿白色衣服的學(xué)生是我的女兒。

三、如果被修飾的詞是由every/some/any/no+thing/body/one所構(gòu)成的復(fù)合代詞或指示代詞those等時(shí)，過(guò)

去分詞要放在被修飾詞的后面。如：

ThereisnothingchangedheresinceIleftthistown.自從我離開(kāi)這個(gè)城鎮(zhèn)以來(lái)，幾乎沒(méi)有什么變化。

5.WhenErinfoundalostwalletonthebus,shethatgoingtoastranger'shousetoreturnitwasarisky

move,butshedecidedtotakethechance.

A.disagreedB.complainedC.calculatedD.recommended【答案】C

【解析】

【詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)艾琳在公共汽車上發(fā)現(xiàn)一個(gè)丟失的錢包時(shí)，她推測(cè)去陌生人家歸還

錢包是一個(gè)冒險(xiǎn)的舉動(dòng),但她決定冒險(xiǎn)。A.disagreed不同意；B.complained抱怨；C.calculated預(yù)測(cè)、推

測(cè)；D.recommended推薦。由常識(shí)可知，人們可以推測(cè)去陌生人家歸還錢包是一個(gè)冒險(xiǎn)的舉動(dòng)。故選C

項(xiàng)。

6.Asfossilfuelsareunsustainable,alternativeenergy,suchassunlight,windandwater,currently.

A.wasemployedB.isbeingemployed

C.wereemployedD.arebeingemployed

【答案】B

【解析】

【詳解】考查謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)、語(yǔ)態(tài)和主謂一致。句意：由于化石燃料是不可持續(xù)的，目前正在使用替代

能源，如陽(yáng)光、風(fēng)和水。根據(jù)句意和時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)currently“目前”可知，此空要用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)；句子主語(yǔ)為

alternativeenergy,其后附件加成分“suchassunlight,windandwater”不影響主語(yǔ)的人稱和數(shù)，energy是不

可數(shù)名詞，謂語(yǔ)用單數(shù)形式；主語(yǔ)與謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞employ之間是動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，應(yīng)用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)；綜上，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞

employ用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。故選B項(xiàng)。

7.theweatherhasclearedup,wecanstartourjourney.

A.IncaseB.NowthatC.EventhoughD.Eversince

【答案】B

【解析】

【詳解】考查狀語(yǔ)從句。句意：既然天氣已經(jīng)轉(zhuǎn)晴，我們可以啟程了。A.Incase萬(wàn)一，假如；B.Nowthat

既然；C.Eventhough即使；D.Eversince從那時(shí)起。引導(dǎo)原因狀語(yǔ)從句,表示“既然”應(yīng)用nowthat。故

選Bo

8.Sincemanyformerdrugabusershavepsychologicalproblems,theyoftenneedsupportgroupsthey

cantalkabouttheirstrugglesandfindnewwaystomanageintheworld.

A.whichB.whoC.whereD.when

【答案】C

【解析】

【詳解】考查定語(yǔ)從句。句意：由于許多前吸毒者有心理問(wèn)題，他們經(jīng)常需要支持小組，在那里他們可以

談?wù)撟约旱亩窢?zhēng)，并在世界上找到支撐的新方法。此處是限制性定語(yǔ)從句，先行詞是supportgroups,在從

句中做地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)，用關(guān)系副詞whereo故選C項(xiàng)。9.Variousefforts