職稱英語綜合類b級(jí)模擬7

職稱英語綜合類B級(jí)模擬7

第1部分：詞匯選項(xiàng)

下面共有15個(gè)句子，每個(gè)句子中均有1個(gè)詞或短語畫有底橫線。請(qǐng)從每個(gè)句子后面

所給的4個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選擇1個(gè)與畫線部分意義最相近的詞或短語。

1>Althoughthereweremanyfailuresinhiscareerasawriter,Alexanderrefused

togiveup,andeventuallyhegainednationalrecognition.

A.breakdownsB.drawbacks

C.backpacksD.setbacks

2、Thecommitteeiswaitingforadecisionformtheheadquartersbeforeittakes

anyaction.

A.waitingB.awaitingfor

C.awaitingD.anticipating

3、We*vebeendoingwiththatcompanyformanyyears.

A.comparingB.dealing

C.keepingD.combining

4、Sheragedwhenherjewelswerestolenwhileunderpoliceprotection.

A.annoyedB.wasangry

C.resentedD.crazed

5、Thedoctorsperformedaheartoperationthatwasamiracleofmedicalskill.

A.climaxB.prodigy

C.mirageD.acme

6、Thepolicearecombingthesuburbsforthemissingcar.

A.seekingB.exploring

C.lookingD.investigating

7、Itwasattheexhibitionthatwecameacrossthiskindofminicarwhichis

madeofplastics.

A.cameupB.cameupon

C.cameoutD.cameupwith

8、Theearlypioneershadtogothoughmanyhardshipstosettleonthenewland.

A.goalongwithB.gobackon

C.sufferD.gointo

9、Mybrotherisacarefulmotorist（乘車者）;heneverdoesanydangerousdriving.

A.recklessB.conscientious

C.timidD.cautious

10、Wegrewuneasyattheirlongabsence.

A.difficultB.furious

C.angryD.uncomfortable

11>Extensivereportingontelevisionhashelpedtobringaboutinterestina

widevarietyofsportsandactivities.

A.gatherB.generate

C.assembleD.yield

12、Aftersomanydayswithoutrain,thegroundquicklysoakedthelittlerain

up.

A.drippedB.wetted

C.absorbedD.drained

13>Ifwecanovercomeourpresentdifficultiesztheneverythingshouldbeall

right.

A.getoffB.comeacross

C.comeoverD.getover

14^Myinvestmentinthatcompanycannolongerbedependedonasasourceof

income.

A.lookedB.insisted

C.reckonedD.capitalized

15>Hehasaredspotonhisgown.

A.stainB.belt

C?potD.defect

第2部分：閱讀判斷

閱讀下面這篇短文，短文后列出7個(gè)句子，請(qǐng)根據(jù)短文的內(nèi)容對(duì)每個(gè)句子做出判斷。

Complainingisuseful

Complainingaboutfaultygoodsorbadserviceisnevereasy.Mostpeople

dislikemakingafuss.Butifsomethingyouhaveboughtisfaultyordoes

notdowhatwasclaimedforit,youarenotaskingforafavourtogetit

putright.Itistheshopkeeper*sresponsibilitytotakethecomplaintseriously

andtoreplaceorrepairafaultyarticleorputrightpoorservice,because

heisthepersonwithwhomyouhaveenteredintoanagreement.Themanufacturer

mayhaveaparttoplaybutthatcomeslater.

Complaintsshouldbemadetoaresponsibleperson.Getbacktotheshop

whereyouboughtthegoods,takingwithyouanyreceiptyoumayhave.Ask

toseethebuyerinalargestore.Inasmallstoretheassistantmayalso

betheownersoyoucancomplaindirectly.Inachainstoreasktoseethe

manager.Ifyoutelephone,askthenamethepersonwhohandlesyourenquiry,

otherwiseyoumanyneverfindoutwhodealtwiththecomplaintlater.

Eventhebravestpersonfindsitdifficulttostandupinagroupofpeople

tocomplain,soifyoudonotwanttodoitinperson,writealetter.Stick

tothefactsandkeepacopyofwhatyouwrite.Atthisstageyoushouldgive

anyreceiptnumbers,butyoushouldnotneedtogivereceiptsorotherpapers

toproveyouboughtthearticle.Ifyouarenotsatisfiedwiththeanswer

yougetzorifyoudonotgetareply,writetothemanagingdirectorofthe

firm,shop,ororganization.Besuretokeepcopiesofyourownlettersand

anyyoureceive.

Ifyourcomplaintisajustone,theshopkeepermayoffertoreplaceor

repairthefaultyarticle.Youmayfindthisanattractivesolution.Incertain

casesyoumayhavetherighttorefusethegoodsandaskforyourmoneyback,

butthisisonlywhenyouhavehardlyusedthegoodsandhaveactedatonce.

Evenwhenyoucannotrefusethegoodsyoumaybeabletogetsomemoneyback

aswell.

Andifyouhavesufferedsomespecialloss,ifforexampleanewwashing

machinetearsyourclotheszyoumightreceivemoneytoreplacethem.Ifthe

shopkeeperoffersyouacreditnotetobeusedtobuygoodsinthesameshops

butyouwouldratherhavemoneyzsayso.Ifyouacceptacreditnoteremember

thatlateryouwillnotbeabletoaskforyourmoney.Iftheshopkeeperrefuses

togiveyoumoney,askforadvicefromyourCitizens*AdviceBureaubefore

youacceptacreditnote.Insomecasestheshopkeeperdoesnothavetogive

youyourmoneyback—ifzforexample,hechangesanarticlesimplybecause

youdon11likeitoritdoesnotfit.Hedoesnothavetotakebackthegoods

inthesecircumstances.

16>Theshoppermanymakeacomplaintbecausehedislikescausingafuss.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

17>Whencomplaininginperson,youshouldspeaktosomeoneinauthority.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

18>Ifthegoodsyoubuyisnotsuitableforyou,youcanreturnittothe

shopkeeperandbringbackyourmoney.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

19>Youcandemandyourmoneybackonlyifyouhavegonebackimmediately.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

20、Manyorganizationsencouragethecustomertocomplain.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

21、Ifthecustomerlosessomemoneybecauseofthefaultygoods,theshopkeeper

shoulddosomethingascompensation.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

22、heshopkeepermakeanagreementwiththecustomertosellhimthegoods.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

第3部分：概括大意與完成句子

閱讀下面這篇短文，短文后有2項(xiàng)測(cè)試任務(wù)：（1）第23?26題要求從所給的6個(gè)選項(xiàng)中

為規(guī)定段每段選擇1個(gè)正確的小標(biāo)題；（2）第27?30題要求從所給的6個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選擇4個(gè)正

確選項(xiàng)，分別完成每個(gè)句子。

Stress

1.Howoftendoyousitstillanddoabsolutelynothing?Theusualanswer

thesedaysisnever,orhardlyever.Asthepaceoflifecontinuestoincrease,

wearefastlosingtheartofrelaxation.Onceyouareinthehabitofrushing

throughlife,beingonthegofrommorningtillnight,itishardtoslow

downandunwind.Butrelaxationisessentialforahealthymindandbody,

2.Stressisanaturalpartofeverydaylife.Thereisnowaytoavoidit,

sinceittakesmanyandvariedforms—drivingintraffic,problemswithpersonal

relationshipsarealldifferentformsofstress.Stress,infactzisnotas

badasitisoftenreputedtobe.Acertainamountofstressisvitaltoprovide

motivationandgivepurposetolife.Itisonlywhenthestressgetsoutof

controlthatitcanheadtolevelperformanceandillhealth.

3.Theamountofstressapersoncanwithstanddependsverymuchonthe

individual.Somepeoplethriveonstress,andsuchcharactersareobviously

primematerialformanagerialresponsibilities.Otherscrumpleatthesight

ofunusualdifficulties.

4.Whenexposedtostresszinwhateverform,wereactbothchemicallyand

physically.Infactweinvoke（調(diào)用）thefightmechanismwhichinmoreprimitive

daysmadethedifferencebetweenlifeordeath.Thecriseswemeettodayare

unlikelytobesoextreme,buthoweverminimalthestress,itinvolvesthe

sameresponse.Alltheenergyisdivertedtocopewiththestress,withthe

resultthatotherfunction,suchasdigestion,areneglected.

5.Itiswhensuchareactionisprolonged,throughcontinuedexposureto

stresszthathealthbecomesendangered.Suchseriousconditionsashighblood

pressure,coronaryheartdiseaseallhaveestablishedlinkswithstress.The

waystressaffectsapersonalsovarieswiththeindividual.Stressinsome

peopleproducesstomachdisorders,whileotherssuccumbtotensionheadaches.

Sincewecannotremovestressfromourlives,weneedtofindwaystocope

withit.

A.Theharmofstress

B.Howmuchstressapersoncanwithstand

C.Ourbody*sreactiontostress

D.Theformsanduseofstress

E.Howtodealwithstress

F.Bloodpressureandstress

23、Paragraph2

24、Paragraph3

25、Paragraph4

26、Paragraph5

27、A.ahealthymindandbody

B.moreandmorehealthy

C.besick

D.howtodealwiththestress

E?ontheindividual

F.peoplearetoobusy

Thereasonthatmanypeoplefindithardtorelaxthesedaysisthat.

28、Stressaswellasrelaxationisessentialfor.

29、Howmuchapersoncanwithstanddependsmuch.

30>Whencontinuingexposuretostresszapersoniseasyto.

第4部分：閱讀理解

下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道題，每題后面有4個(gè)選項(xiàng)。請(qǐng)仔細(xì)閱讀短文，并

根據(jù)短文回答其后面的問題，從4個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選擇1個(gè)最佳答案。

Reasoning

Anothercommontypeofreasoningisthesearchforcausesandresults.

Wewanttoknowwhethercigarettesreallydocauselungcancer,whatcauses

malnutrition,thedecayofcitieszorthedecayofteeth.Weareequally

interestedineffects：whatistheeffectofsulphurofleadintheatmosphere,

ofoilspillsandrawsewageinriversandthesea,ofstayinguplateon

thenightbeforeanexamination?

Causalreasoningmaygofromcausetoeffectorfromeffecttocause.Either

way,wereasonfromwhatweknowtowhatwewanttofindout,Sometimeswe

reasonfromaneffecttoacauseandthenontoanothereffect.Thuszifwe

reasonthatbecausethelightshavegoneoutztherefrigeratorwon*twork,

wefirstrelatetheeffect(lightsout)tothecause(poweroff)andthen

relatethatcausetoanothereffect(refrigeratornotworking).Thiskind

ofreasoningiscalls,forshortzeffecttoeffect.Itisquitecommonto

reasonthroughanextensivechainofcausalrelations.Whenthelightsgo

outwemightreasoninthefollowingcausalchain：lightsout—power

off—refrigeratornotworking—temperaturewillrise—milkwillsour.Inother

wordszwediagnoseasuccessionofeffectsfromthepowerfailure,eachbecoming

thecauseofthenext.

Causesareclassifiedasnecessary,sufficient,orcontributory.A

necessarycauseisonewhichmustbepresentfortheeffecttooccur,ascombustion

isnecessarytodriveagasolineengine.Asufficientcauseisonewhichcan

produceaneffectunaided,thoughtheremaybemorethanonesufficientcause：

adeadbatteryisenoughtokeepacarfromstarting,butfaultysparkplugs

oranemptygastankwillhavethesameeffect.Acontributorycauseisone

whichhelpstoproduceaneffectbutcannotdosobyitself,asrunningthrough

aredlightmay.helpcauseanaccidentzthoughotherfactors--pedestrians

orothercarsintheintersection—mustalsobepresent.

Inestablishingorrefuting(駁倒)acausalrelationitisusuallynecessary

toshowtheprocessbywhichthealleged(所謂的)causeproducestheeffect.

Suchanexplanationiscalledacausalprocess.

31、Whattheauthordiscussedintheprevioussectionismostprobablyabout

A.relationshipsbetweencauseandresults

B.classificationofreasoning

C.someothercommontypesofreasoning

D.somespecialtypeofreasoning

32、Accordingtothepassageztodothe"effecttoeffect"reasoningisto

reason.

A.fromcausetoeffect

B.fromeffecttocause

C.fromeffecttoeffectandontocause

D.fromeffecttocauseandontoanothereffect

33>Anecessarycauseis.

A.onewithoutwhichitisimpossiblefortheeffecttooccur

B.oneofthecausesthatcanproducetheeffect

C.onethatisenoughtomaketheeffectoccur

D.noneofthem

34、Yourrefrigeratorisnotworkingandyouhavefoundthattheelectricpower

hasbeencutoff.Thepowerfailureisa______.

A.necessarycauseB.sufficientcause

C.contributorycauseD.noneofthem

35>Thispassagemainlydiscusses.

A.causalreasoningB.varioustypesofreasoning

C.classificationofcausesD.thecausalprocess

弟—^扁

Howtodownload?

Thereareliterallymillionsandmillionsoffilesavailablealloverthe

Internet.Withasimplesearchcommand,youcanfindfonts,programs,gamesz

graphics,sounds,movies,stationery,andjustaboutanythingelsethatyou

canimagine.Inordertogettheseproductsandfileszyoumustlearnhow

todownload.Herearesomeofthethingsthatarerecommended.Makesureyou

haveananti-virusprograminstalled,operationalandwithup-to-date

definitions.Thisiscriticalasyoumayrunacrossavirusandifso,you

couldputyourentirecomputeratrisk.Anti-virussoftwareisaninexpensive

insurance.

Ifyouaregoingtoinstallaprogram,besurethatyou1veupdatedyour

emergencydiskandhavearecentbackup.Thisisveryimportantfordownloads

thatchangesysteminformation.

Storeyourdownloadsinaspecialdirectory.Createadirectorycalled

"Distributions,Handinsidethatdirectoryputsubdirectories—one

subdirectoryforeachproduct.Inthosesubdirectories,savethesetupfiles,

documentationandanythingelsethatyouneedtoinstalltheprogram.

StoreyourdownloadedtreasuresonadriveotherthantheCdrive.This

istokeepyourCdriveforsystemfilesandapplications,andyourother

drivesfordata.

Findthefilestodownload.Therearesomanysiteswithfilestodownload

thatitwouldbeimpossibletolistthemallinoneplace.Thereareliterally

thousandsofsiteswithjustgraphicsandcliparefilesalonezmuchless

programs,gamesandeverythingelse.

Somegoodplacestostartlookinginclude：

Softseek.com—lotsofgoodsharewareandfreewareproducts

download,com—moreprogramstodownload

Savethedownloadedfileinyourdownloaddirectory.Decompressthe

downloadedfile.Alotofdownloadsneedtobedecompressed.TheH.ZIP'*file

typemeansthefileiscompressedandmustbedecompressedbeforeitcanbe

used.YoucandothiswithanynumberofutilitieszincludingConversionPlus

andWinzip.

Filesendingwithann.EXE"mustbeexecuted.Thesefileswilltypically

beginadialogforinstallationonceyoudouble-clickonthefile.Install

orusethedownloadedfiles.Ifyou'vedownloadedaprogram,theninstall

it.Forgraphicsandsoundsandsuch,useasappropriate.

Cleanup.Ifyouarelimitedondiskspace,youshoulddeletethe.ZIP

or,EXEfilethatyoudownloadedonceyou1veinstalledtheapplication.You

shouldalsocleanupanyothermiscellaneousfilesthatareleftoverfrom

thedownloadprocess.DeletethefilesinTEMPdirectoryafterdoinganykind

ofinstallation.

36、BeforeyoudownloadanythingfromtheInternetzyoushouldfirstofall

A.makesurethatyouhaveinstalledanti-virusprogram

B.makesurethatyouhaveupdatedyourbackup

C.createadirectory-tostoreyourdownloads

D.makesurethatyouhavecleanedupyourdiskspace

37、Whyshouldyouupdateyouremergencydiskbeforeinstallingaprogram?

A.Becausetheremightbeavirusintheprogram.

B.Becauseinstallingtheprogrammightchangesysteminformation.

C.Becauseanemergencydiskisneededwhileinstallingtheprogram.

D.Becausethecomputerwillstartupagainafterinstallingtheprogram.

38、WhatisCdriveusuallyusedtokeep?

A.Downloadedprograms.B.Games.

C.GraphicsandSounds.D.Systemfiles.

39、Ifyouwanttodownloadacertainprogram,whichofthefollowingsites

wouldyoumostlikelysearch?

A.Sitesendedwith.ZIP.B.Sitesendedwith.EXE.

C.Sitesnamedsoftseek,com.D.Sitesnameddownload,com.

40、Whichofthefollowingshouldnotbedeletedwhilecleaningupdiskspace?

A..ZIPfileB..EXEfile?

C..TempfileD.Applicationfile

Languageswhichtobeextinct

EverhearsomeonespeakUdihe,EyakorArikapu?

Oddsareyouneverwill.Amongtheworld,s6,800languages,halfto90

percentcouldbeextinctbytheendofthecentury.

Onereasonisthathalfofalllanguagesarespokenbyfewerthan2,500

peopleeach,accordingtotheWorldwatchInstitute,aprivateorganization

thatmonitorsglobaltrends.

Languagesneedatleast100,000speakerstopassfromgenerationto

generation,saysUNESCO.Warandgenocidezfatalnaturaldisastersztheadoption

ofmoredominantlanguagessuchasChineseandRussian,andgovernmentbans

onlanguagealsocontributetotheirextinction.

TheoutlookforUdihezEyakandArikapu,spokeninSiberia,Alaskaand

theAmazonjungle,respectively,isparticularlydepressing.Aboutlif0people

speakUdihe,sixspeakArikapu,andEyakisdowntoone,Worldwatchsays.

1

MarieSmith,83zofAlaska,saysshesthelastspeakerofEyakzaclaim

n

verifiedbylinguists."It*shorribletobealonezSmithsaid.

It*sbecomingastruggle,too,tofindmanywhocansay"thankyou'1in

theNavajolanguageoftheAmericanIndiantribe(ahehee)zor"hello"inthe

MaorilanguageofNewZealand(kiaora).

Thelossesripplefoarbeyondtheaffectedcommunities.Whenalanguage

dies,inguists,anthropologistsandothersloserichsourcesofmaterialfor

theirworkdocumentingapeople*shistory,findingoutwhattheyknewand

trackingtheirmovementsfromregiontoregion.Andtheworld,linguistically

speaking,becomeslessdiverse.

Eightcountriesaccountformorethanhalfofalllanguages.Theyare,

inorder,PapuaNewGuinea,Indonesia,Nigeria,India,Mexico,Cameroon,

AustraliaandBrazil.

Thatlanguagesdieisn1tnew；thousandsarebelievedtohavedisappeared

already.Thedistinguishingthingisit1shappeningatsuchanalarmingrate

rightnow.Linguistsbelieve3,400to6,120Languagescouldbecomeextinct

by2100.

WhileafewlanguagesincludingChinesezGreekandHebrew,aremorethan

2,00yearsold,othersarecomingbackfromthedead,sotospeak.

In1983,HawaiianscreatedtheAhaPunanaLeoorganizationtoreintroduce

theirnativelanguagethroughoutthestate,includingitspublicschools.

ThelanguagenearlybecameextinctwhentheUnitedStatesbannedschoolsfrom

teachinginHawaiianafterincorporatingthethenindependentcountryin1898.

Some7,000to10z000Hawaiianscurrentlyspeaktheirnativetongue,up

fromfewerthan1,000in1983,saidLuahiwaNamahoeztheorganization*s

spokeswoman.

41、Accordingtolinguistszhowmanylanguageswilltherebeintheworldby

theyear2100?

A?Around6,800.B.Around680.

C.About680to3,400.D.Around2z500.

42、WhichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedasareasonfortheextinction

ofalanguage?

A.Thespeakersadoptanotherlanguage.

B.Fatalnaturaldisasters.

C.Governmentbanstheuseofthelanguage.

D.Morethan2z500peoplegiveupusingit.

43、Whichofthefollowingfactsaboutlanguageissurprising?

A.So