2021年高考英語考試大綱(全國卷)解讀

2021年高考英語考試大綱（全國卷）最新解讀

考核目標(biāo)與要求

一、語言知識

要求考生掌握并能運(yùn)用英語語音、詞匯、語法基礎(chǔ)知識以及所學(xué)功能意念和話題（見

附錄1至附錄5）,要求詞匯量為3500左右。

【解讀】語言知識主要是附錄所列全部內(nèi)容，多年無變化，但“穩(wěn)中有變”。甚至高考出題

也可能超出附錄的范圍，比如2019年全國I卷61題，考查了同位語從句。即使超出附錄的

范圍，也是高中階段學(xué)習(xí)常用結(jié)構(gòu)。另外，高考對詞匯的要求越來越高。不僅對詞匯的要求

提高，對詞匯的運(yùn)用能力要求也大大提高。

二、語言運(yùn)用

1.聽力

要求考生能聽懂所熟悉話題簡短獨(dú)白和對話?？忌鷳?yīng)能：

（1）理解主旨要義；

（2）獲取具體的、事實(shí)性信息；

（3）對所聽內(nèi)容做出推斷；

（4）理解說話者的意圖、觀點(diǎn)和態(tài)度。

【解讀】第一節(jié)的五個小題主要考查考生理解簡單的事實(shí)性信息和進(jìn)行簡單的推理判斷和基

本計算的能力。第二節(jié)主要考查考生對語音材料的整體理解能力，要求考生能夠理解對話或

獨(dú)白的主旨和要義，獲取事實(shí)性的具體信息，對對話的背景、說話者之間的關(guān)系等做出正確

的推理判斷，理解說話者的意圖、觀點(diǎn)或態(tài)度等。聽力部分的難度逐步上升，特別是詞匯與

結(jié)構(gòu)的要求逐步提高。但總的來說，只有平時保持一定量的聽力訓(xùn)練，聽力部分還是比較容

易得滿分的。

2.閱讀

要求考生能讀懂書、報、雜志中關(guān)于一般性話題的簡短文段以及公告、說明、廣告等，

并能從中獲取相關(guān)信息。考生應(yīng)能：

（1）理解主旨要義；

（2）理解文中具體信息：

（3）根據(jù)上下文推斷單詞和短語的含義；

（4）做出判斷和推理；

（5）理解文章的基本結(jié)構(gòu)；

（6）理解作者的意圖、觀點(diǎn)和態(tài)度。

【解讀】閱讀理解能力的要求一直沒有大的變化，四大題型，六個方面。選項(xiàng)設(shè)計也不可能

有大的變化。唯一的變化就是對詞匯量的要求和對詞匯運(yùn)用能力的要求有了較大的提高。考

生只要培養(yǎng)好“積累意識”，能夠做到天天積累，同時每天堅持一定量的閱讀，注意解題方

法的培養(yǎng)，閱讀理解部分就容易得高分。

3.寫作

要求考生根據(jù)提示進(jìn)行書面表達(dá)?？忌鷳?yīng)能：

(1)清楚、連貫地傳遞信息，表達(dá)意思；

(2)有效運(yùn)用所學(xué)語言知識。

【解讀】寫作是語言運(yùn)用能力四大方面之一，是語言的重要表現(xiàn)形式。高考對考生寫作能力

的要求正在逐步提高，有些省市正在嘗試多種寫作能力考查形式，比如北京卷較早開始嘗試

寫作分為兩部分，分值35分，特別是情景作文有特色；浙江卷也開始嘗試寫作分為兩部分，

分值高達(dá)40分，特別是讀后續(xù)寫有特色。目前全國卷對寫作部分要求是：要求考生不僅能

夠根據(jù)不同應(yīng)用文體進(jìn)行謀篇布局，即書面表達(dá)篇章結(jié)構(gòu)；而且要求考生既做到語言表達(dá)的

準(zhǔn)確性，又做到語言表達(dá)的豐富性。因此考生一定要盡可能多的進(jìn)行寫作能力的培養(yǎng)。否則

書面表達(dá)很難得高分。

4.口語

要求考生根據(jù)提示進(jìn)行口頭表達(dá)?？忌鷳?yīng)能：

(1)詢問或傳遞事實(shí)性信息，表達(dá)意思和想法；

2

(2)做到語音、語調(diào)自然；

(3)做到語言運(yùn)用得體；

(4)使用有效的交際策略。

【解讀】以前口語考試只是作為參考成績供高校參考。今后口語考試將成為高考成績的一部

分(估計10分)計入高考成績。FI前口語考試正在部分省市試點(diǎn)，很快就會在全國正式實(shí)

施。這得益于科技的進(jìn)步，因?yàn)槟壳暗募夹g(shù)已經(jīng)可以使用人機(jī)對話的方式對考生的口語水平

進(jìn)行比較客觀準(zhǔn)確的評分。因此考生必須從學(xué)英語開始就要重視口語表達(dá)能力的培養(yǎng)。

附錄1語音項(xiàng)目表

1.基本讀音

(1)26個字母的讀音

(2)元音字母在重讀音節(jié)中的讀音

(3)元音字母在輕讀音節(jié)中的讀音

(4)元音字母組合在重讀音節(jié)中的讀音

(5)常見的元音字母組合在輕讀音節(jié)中的讀音

(6)輔音字母組合的讀音

(7)輔音連綴的讀音

(8)成節(jié)音的讀音

2.重音

(1)單詞重音

(2)句子重音

3.讀音的變化

(1)連讀

(2)失去爆破

(3)弱讀

(4)同化

4.語調(diào)與節(jié)奏

(1)意群與停頓

(2)語調(diào)

⑶節(jié)奏

5.語音、語調(diào)、重音、節(jié)奏等在口語交流中的運(yùn)用

6.朗誦和演講中的語音技巧

7.主要英語國家的英語語音差異

【解讀】語音是語言的四大基本要素之一，掌握好英語語音對于聽力和口語非常重要。而且

英國口音和美國口音都要熟悉。

附錄2語法項(xiàng)目表

1.名詞

(1)可數(shù)名詞及其單復(fù)數(shù)

(2)不可數(shù)名詞

(3)專有名詞

(4)名詞所有格

2.代詞

(1)人稱代詞

(2)物主代詞

(3)反身代詞

(4)指示代詞

⑸不定代詞

(6)疑問代詞

3.數(shù)詞

⑴基數(shù)詞

⑵序數(shù)詞

4.介詞和介詞短語

5.連詞

6.形容詞(比較級和最高級)

7.副詞(比較級和最高級)

8.冠詞

9.動詞

(1)動詞的基本形式

(2)系動詞

(3)及物動詞和不及物動詞

⑷助動詞

(5)情態(tài)動詞

10.時態(tài)

(1)一般現(xiàn)在時

(2)一般過去時

(3)一般將來時

(4)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時

⑸過去進(jìn)行時

(6)過去將來時

(7)將來進(jìn)行時

(8)現(xiàn)在完成時

(9)過去完成時

(10)現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時

11.被動語態(tài)

12.非謂語動詞

(1)動詞不定式

⑵動詞的

-ing形式

(3)動詞的

-ed形式

13.構(gòu)詞法

(1)合成法

(2)派生法

⑶轉(zhuǎn)化法

(4)縮寫和簡寫

14.句子種類

⑴陳述句

⑵疑問句

⑶祈使句

(4)感嘆句

15.句子成分

(1)主語

⑵謂語

(3)表語

⑷賓語

⑸定語

(6)狀語

⑺補(bǔ)語

16.簡單句的基本句型

17.主謂一致

18.并列復(fù)合句

19.主從復(fù)合句

(1)賓語從句

(2)狀語從句

(3)定語從句

(4)主語從句

⑸表語從句

20.間接引語

21.省略

22.倒裝

23.強(qiáng)調(diào)

24.虛擬語氣

【解讀】語法項(xiàng)目包含中學(xué)所學(xué)重要語法項(xiàng)目。也是英語所有語法項(xiàng)目絕大部分。這些語法

項(xiàng)目對語言知識的綜合運(yùn)用題型和寫作特別重要。因此我們必須構(gòu)建完整的語法體系，可以

用思維導(dǎo)圖進(jìn)行全面梳理。特別是句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析是語法的核心，一定要做到理解與結(jié)構(gòu)的完

美結(jié)合。

附錄3功能意念項(xiàng)目表

1.社會交往(SocialCommunications)

(1)問候(Greetings)

(2)介紹(Introduction)

(3)告別(Farewells)

(4)感謝(Thanks)

(5)道歉(Apologies)

(6)邀請(Invitation)

(7)請求允許(Askingforpermission)

(8)祝愿和祝賀(Expressingwishesandcongratulations)

(9)提供幫助(Offeringhelp)

(10)接受和拒絕(Acceptanceandrefusal)

(11)約會(Makingappointments)

(12)打電話(Makingtelephonecalls)

(13)就餐(Havingmeals)

(14)就醫(yī)(Seeingthedoctor)

(15)購物(Shopping)

(16)問路(Askingtheway)

(17)談?wù)撎鞖?Talkingaboutweather)

(18)語言交際困難(Languagedifficultiesincommunication)

(19)提醒注意(Reminding)

(20)警告和禁止(Warningandprohibition)

(21)勸告(Advice)

(22)建議(Suggestions)

2.態(tài)度(Attitudes)

(23)同意和不同意(Agreementanddisagreement)

(24)喜歡和不喜歡(Likesanddisli<es)

(25)肯定和不肯定(Certaintyanduncertainty)

(26)可能和不可能(Possibilityandimpossibility)

(27)能夠和不能夠(Abilityandinability)

(28)偏愛和優(yōu)先選擇(Preference)

(29)意愿和打算(Intentionsandplans)

(30)希望和愿望(Hopesandwishes)

(31)表揚(yáng)和鼓勵(Praiseandencouragement)

(32)責(zé)備和抱怨(Blameandcomplaint)

(33)冷淡(Indifference)

(34)判斷與評價(Judgementandevaluation)

3.情感(Emotions)

(35)高興(Happiness)

(36)驚奇(Surprise)

(37)憂慮(Worries)

(38)安慰(Reassurance)

(39)滿意(Satisfaction)

(40)遺憾(Regret)

(41)同情(Sympathy)

(42)恐懼(Fear)

(43)憤怒(Anger)

4.時間(Time)

(44)時亥ij(Pointoftime)

(45)時段(Duration)

(46)頻度(Frequency)

(47)時序(Sequence)

5.空間(Space)

(48)位置(Position)

(49)方向(Direction)

(50)距離(Distance)

6.存在(Existence)

(51)存在與不存在(ExistenceandNon-existence)

7.特征(Features)

(52)形狀(Shape)

(53)顏色(Colour)

(54)材料(Material)

(55)價格(Price)

(56)規(guī)格(Size)

(57)年齡(Age)

8.計量(Measurement)

(58)長度(Length)

(59)寬度(Width)

(60)高度(Height)

(61)數(shù)量(Number)

9.比較(Comparison)

(62)同級比較(Equalcomparison)

(63)差別比較(Comparativeandsuperlative)

(64)相似和差別(Similarityanddifference)

10.邏輯關(guān)系(Logicalrelations)

(65)原因和結(jié)果(Causeandeffect)

(66)目的(Purpose)

11.職業(yè)(Occupations)

(67)工作(Jobs)

(68)單位(Employer)

【解讀】功能意念項(xiàng)目主要是針對聽力和口語的考試范圍，基本包含了我們生活中可能遇到

的各種語言環(huán)境。因此需要考生拓展生活體驗(yàn)，多了解東西方不同的語言文化背景，特別是

講英語國家的文化背景。

附錄4話題項(xiàng)目表

1.個人情況(Personalinformation)

2.家庭、朋友與周圍的人(Family,friendsandpeoplearound)

3.周圍的環(huán)境(Personalenvironments)

4.日常活動(Dailyroutines)

5.學(xué)校生活(Schoollife)

6.興趣與愛好(Interestsandhobbies)

7.個人感情(Emotions)

8.人際關(guān)系(Interpersonalrelationships)

9.計劃與愿望(Plansandintentions)

10.節(jié)假日活動(Festivals,holidaysandcelebrations)

11.購物(Shopping)

12.飲食(Foodanddrink)

13.健康(Health)

14.天氣(Weather)

15.文娛與體育(Entertainmentandsports)

16.旅游和交通(Travelandtransport)

17.語言學(xué)習(xí)(Languagelearning)

18.自然(Nature)

19.世界與環(huán)境(Theworldandthsenvironment)

20.科普知識與現(xiàn)代技術(shù)(Popularscienceandmoderntechnology)

21.熱點(diǎn)話題(Topicalissues)

22.歷史與地理(Historyandgeography)

23.社會(Society)

24.文學(xué)與藝術(shù)(Literatureandart)

【解讀】以上24個話題內(nèi)容充分體現(xiàn)了《新課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)》中英語學(xué)科核心素養(yǎng)的要求。特別

是三大主題語境——人與自我、人與自然、人與社會。因此考生必須擴(kuò)展英語閱讀范圍，特

別是人文社會方面的內(nèi)容。比如中國優(yōu)秀傳統(tǒng)文化、人類命運(yùn)共同體、科學(xué)素養(yǎng)和人文關(guān)懷

等。

附錄5詞匯表

A

a(an)art

abandonv

abilityn

ablea

abnormala

aboardprep

abolishv

abortionn

【解讀】詞匯表只列出了詞形和詞性。這給高考出題留出了巨大的靈活空間。因此我們必須

對高考3500詞的詞義，比如熟詞生義、一詞多義等進(jìn)行全面拓展，而且要放到文章語境中

去理解。同時還要盡可能的拓展詞匯之間的聯(lián)系，比如一個詞的多種短語構(gòu)成及同一短語的

不同含義，詞與詞的搭配等。

作者祝愿所有考生在高考中取得優(yōu)異成績！

A

a(an)art

abandonv

abilityn

ablea

abnormala

aboardprep

abolishv

abortionn

aboutad&prep

aboveprep,a&ad

abroadad

abrupta

absencen

absenta

absolutea

absorbv

abstracta&n

absurda

abundanta

abusev

academica&n

academyn

acceleratev

accentn

acceptv

accessn&v

accessiblea

accidentn

accommodationn

accompanyv

accomplishv

accountn

accountantn

accumulatev

accuracyn

accuratea

accusev

accustomeda

achev&n

achievev

achievementn

acida

acknowledgev

acquaintancen

acquirev

acquisitionn

acren

acrossprep

actn&v

actionn

activea

activityn

actorn

actressn

actuala

acutea

ADabbr

ad=advcrtiscmentn

adaptv

adaptationn

addv

addicteda

additionn

addressn

adequatea

adjustv

adjustmentn

administrationn

admirablea

admirev

admissionn

admitv

adolescencen

adolescenta&n

adoptv

adorev

adultn

advancev&n

advantagen

adventuren

advertisev

advertisementn

advicen

advisev

advocatev

affairn

affectv

affectionn

affordv

afraida

African

Africana&n

afterad,prep&conj

afternoonn

afterward(s)ad

againad

againstprep

agen

agencyn

agendan

agentn

aggressivea

agoad

agreev

agreementn

agriculturala

agriculturen

aheadad

aidn&v

AIDSn

aimn&v

airn

aircraftn

airlinen

airmailn

airplanen

airportn

airspacen

alarmn&v

albumn

alcoholn

alcoholica&n

algebran

alikead

alivea

allad,a&pron

allergica

alleyn

allocatev

allowv

allowancen

almostad

alonea

alongad&prep

alongsidead

aloudad

alphabetn

alreadyad

alsoad

alternativea

althoughconj

altituden

altogetherad

aluminium

(Amaluminum)n

alwaysad

amv(be)

a.m./am,A.M./AMabbr

amateura

amazev

amazinga

ambassadorn

ambassadressn

ambiguousa

ambitionn

ambulancen

American

amongprep

amountn&v

amplea

amusev

amusementn

analysev

analysisn

ancestorn

anchorv&n

ancienta

andconj

anecdoten

angern

anglen

angrya

animaln

anklen

anniversaryn

announcev

annoyv

annuala

anothera&pron

answern&v

antn

Antarctica

antiquen

anxietyn

anxiousa

anypron&a

anybodypron

anyhowad

anyonepron

anythingpron

anywayad

anywheread

apartad&a

apartmentn

apologizev

apologyn

apparenta

appealv&n

appearv

appearancen

appendixn

appetiten

applaudv&n

applen

applicantn

applicationn

applyv

appointv

appointmentn

appreciatev

appreciationn

approachn&v

appropriatea

approvaln

approvev

approximatelyad

apronn

arbitrarya

archn

architectn

architecturen

Arctica

arev(be)

arean

arguev

argumentn

arise(arose,arisen)v

arithmeticn

armn&v

armchairn

armyn

aroundad&prep

arrangev

arrangementn

arrestv

arrivaln

arrivev

arrown

artn

articlen

artificiala

artistn

asadzconj&prep

ashn

ashameda

Asian

Asiana&n

asidead

askv

asleepa

aspectn

assessv

assessmentn

assistv

assistancen

assistantn

associatev

associationn

assumev

assumptionn

astonishv

astronautn

astronomern

astronomyn

atprep

athleten

athletica

Atlantica

atmospheren

atomn

attachv

attackv&n

attainv

attemptv&n

attendv

attentionn

attituden

attractv

attractionn

attractivea

audiencen

auntn

authentica

authorn

authorityn

automatica

autonomousa

autumnn

availablea

avenuen

averagea&n

avoidv

awake(awoke,awoken)v&a

awardn

awarea

awayad

awesomea

awfula

awkwarda

B

babyn

bachelorn

backad,a&n

backgroundn

backward(s)ad

baconn

bacterium(plbacteria)n

bad(worse,worst)a

badmintonn

bagn

baggagen

bakeryn

balancen

balconyn

balln

balletn

balloonn

bamboon

bann&v

bananan

bandn

bandagen

bankn

barn

barbecuen

barbern

barbershopn

barea

bargainn&v

barkv&n

barriern

basen

baseballn

basementn

basica

basinn

basisn

basketn

basketballn

batn

bathn

bathev

bathroomn

bathtubn

batteryn

battlen

bayn

BCabbr

be(am,is,are,was,

were,being,been)v

beachn

beann

beancurdn

bearln

bear2v

beardn

beastn

beat(beat,beaten)v&n

beautifula

beautyn

becauseconj

become(became,become)v

bedn

beddingsn

bedroomn

bccn

beefn

beern

beforeprep,ad&conj

begv

beginfbegan,begun)v

behalfn

behavev

behaviour(Ambehavior)n

behindprep&ad

beingn

beliefn

believev

belln

bellyn

belongv

belowprep

beltn

benchn

bend(bent,bent)v

beneathprep

beneficiala

benefitn&v

benta&n

besideprep

besidesprep&ad

betrayv

betweenprep

beyondprep

bicyclen

bidv&n

biga

bike=bicyclen

billn

bingon

biochemistryn

biographyn

biologyn

birdn

birthn

birthdayn

birthplacen

biscuitn

bishopn

bitn

bite(bit,bitten)v

bittera

blacka&n

blackboardn

blamen&v

blankn&a

blanketn

bleedv

blessv

blinda

blockn&v

bloodn

blousen

blow(blew,blown)v

bluen&a

boardn&v

boatn

bodyn

boilv

bombn&v

bondn&v

bonen

bonusn

bookn&v

boomn&v

bootn

boothn

bordern

boreda

boringa

borna

borrowv

bossn

botanicala

botanyn

botha&pron

botherv

bottlen

bottomn

bouncev

bounda

boundaryn

bowv&n

bowln

bowlingn

boxn

boxingn

boyn

boycottv

brainn

braken&v

branchn

brandn

bravea

braveryn

breadn

break(broke,broken)v&n

breakfastn

breakthroughn

breastn

breathn

breathev

breathlessa

breweryn

brickn

briden

bridegroomn

bridgen

briefa

brighta

brillianta

bring(brought,brought)v

broada

broadcastfbroadcast,

broadcast或-ed,-ed)v

brochuren

brokena

broomn

brothern

brownn&a

brunchn

brushv&n

Buddhismn

budgetn

buffetn

build(builtbuilt)v

buildingn

bunchn

bungalown

burdenn

bureaucratica

burglarn

burn(burnt,burnt

或-ed,-ed)v&n

burstv

buryv

busn

bushn

businessn

businessman/woman

(plbusinessmen/women)n

busya

butconj&prep

butchern&v

buttern

butterflyn

buttonn&v

buy(bought/bought)v

byprep

byeint

C

cabn

cabbagen

cafen

cafeterian

cagen

caken

calculatev

calln&v

calma&v

cameln

cameran

campn&v

campaignn

canl

(could);

can/t=cannotmodalv

can2n

canaln

cancelv

cancern

candidaten

candlen

candyn

canteenn

capn

capitaln

capsulen

captainn

captionn

carn

carbonn

cardn

caren&v

carefula

carelessa

carpentern

carpetn

carriagen

carriern

carrotn

carryv

cartoonn

carvev

casen

cashn&v

cassetten

cast(cast,cast)v

castlen

casuala

catn

cataloguen

catastrophen

catchfcaughtcaught)v

categoryn

caterv

Catholica

cattlen

causen&v

cautionn

cautiousa

caven

CD=compactdiskn

ceilingn

celebratev

celebrationn

celln

centn

centigradea

centimetre

(Amcentimeter)n

centrala

centrefAmcenter)n

centuryn

ceremonyn

certaina

certificaten

chainn

chairn

chairman/woman

(plchairmen/women)n

chalkn

challengen

challenginga

championn

chancen

changen&v

changeablea

channeln

chantv&n

chaosn

chaptern

charactern

characteristica&n

21

chargev&n

chartn

chatn&v

cheapa

cheatn&

checkn&v

cheekn

cheern&v

cheerfula

cheersint

cheesen

chefn

chemicala&n

chemistn

chemistryn

cheque(Arr)check)n

chessn

chestn

chewv

chickenn

chiefa&n

child(plchildren)n

childhoodn

chocolaten

choicen

choirn

choken&v

choose(chose/chosen)v

chopsticksn

chorusn

Christiann

Christmasn

churchn

cigarn

cigaretten

cineman

circlen&v

circuitn

circulatev

circumstancen

circusn

citizenn

cityn

civila

civiliann

civilizationn

clapv

clarifyv

classn

classica

classifyv

classmaten

classroomn

clawn

clayn

cleanv&a

cleanern

cleara

clerkn

clevera

clickv

climaten

climbv

clinicn

clockn

clonev

closea&ad

clothn

clothesn

clothingn

cloudn

cloudya

clubn

clumsya

coachn

coaln

coastn

coatn

cocoan

coffeen

coinn

coincidencen

coken

colda&n

collarn

colleaguen

collectv

collectionn

collegen

collisionn

colour(Amcolor)n&v

combn&v

combinev

come(came/come)v

comedyn

comfortn

comfortablea

commandn&v

commentn

commerciala

commitv

commitmentn

committeen

commona

communicatev

communicationn

communismn

communistn&a

companionn

companyn

comparev

compassn

compensatev

competev

competencen

competitionn

completea&v

complexa&n

componentn

compositionn

comprehensionn

compromisev

compulsorya

computern

23

concentratev

conceptn

concernv&n

concertn

concludev

conclusionn

concretea

condemnv

conditionn

conductv

conductorn

conferencen

confidenta

confidentiala

confirmv

conflictn

confusev

congratulatev

congratulationn

connectv

connectionn

consciencen

consensusn

consequencen

conservationn

conservativea

considerv

consideratea

considerationn

consistv

consistenta

constanta

constitutionn

constructv

constructionn

consultv

consultantn

consumev

containv

containern

contemporarya

contentln

content?a

continentn

continuev

contradictv

contradictorya

contraryn&a

contributev

contributionn

controlv&n

controversiala

conveniencen

convenienta

conventionala

conversationn

conveyv

convincev

cookn&v

cookern

cookien

coola

copyn&v

cornn

cornern

corporationn

correctv&a

correctionn

correspondv

corrupta&v

costn&v

cosy(Amcozy)a

cottagen

cottonn&a

coughn&v

couldmodalv

countv

countern

countryn

countrysiden

couplen

couragen

coursen

courtn

courtyardn

cousinn

covern&v

cown

crashv&n

crayonn

crazya

creamn

createv

creaturen

creditn

crewn

crimen

criminaln

criterion(plcriteria)n

cropn

crossn&v

crossingn

crossroadsn

crowdn&v

cruela

cryn&v

cuben

cubica

cuisinen

culturen

cupn

cupboardn

curen&v

curiousa

currencyn

curriculumn

curtainn

cushionn

customn

customern

customsn

cut(cut,cut)v&n

cyclev

cyclistn

D

dad=daddyn

dailya,ad&n

damn

damagen&v

dampa&n

dancen&v

dangern

dangerousa

darev&modalv

darka&n

darknessn

dashv&n

datan

databasen

daten&v

daughtern

dawnn

dayn

deada

deadlinen

deafa

dealn

deara

deathn

debaten&v

debtn

decaden

decidev

decisionn

declarev

declinev

decoratev

decorationn

decreasev

deedn

deepa&ad

deern

defeatv

defence(Amdefense)n

defendv

degreen

delayn&v

deletev&n

deliberatelyad

delicatea

deliciousa

delightn

delighteda

deliverv

demandv

dentistn

department(Dept.)n

departuren

dependv

depositv&n

depthn

describev

descriptionn

desertv&n

deservev

delicatea

deliciousa

delightn

delighteda

deliverv

demandv

dentistn

department(Dept.)n

departuren

dependv

depositv&n

depthn

describev

descriptionn

desertv&n

deservev

26

designv&n

desirev&n

deskn

desperatea

dessertn

destinationn

destroyv

detectiven

determinev

developv

developmentn

devotev

devotionn

diagramn

dialv

dialogue(Amdialog)n

diamondn

diaryn

dictationn

dictionaryn

diev

dietn

differv

differencen

differenta

difficulta

difficultyn

dig(dug,dug)v

digestv

digitala

dignityn

dilemman

dimensionn

dinnern

dinosaurn

dioxiden

dipv

diploman

directa&v

directionn

directorn

directoryn

dirtya

disabilityn

disableda

disadvantagen

disagreev

disagreementn

disappearv

disappointv

disappointeda

disastern

discountn

discouragev

discoverv

discoveryn

discriminationn

discussv

discussionn

diseasen

disgustinga

dishn

27

disk=discn

dislikev

dismissv

distancen

distanta

distinctionn

distinguishv

distributev

districtn

disturbv

disturbinga

divev

diversea

dividev

divisionn

divorcev

dizzya

do(did,done)v

doctorn

documentn

dogn

dolln

dollarn

donatev

doorn

dormitory(dorm)n

dotn

doublea&n

doubtn&v

downprep&ad

downloadnav

downstairsad

downtownadzn&a

dozenn

Dr=doctorn

dra代n&v

dragv

draw(drew,drawn)v

drawbackn

drawern

dreamfdream^dreamt

或-ed,-ed)n&v

dressn&v

drilln&v

drink(drank,drunk)v

drive(drove,driven)v

drivern

dropn&v

drugn

drumn

drunka

dryv&a

duckn

duea

dulla

dumplingn

duringprep

duskn

dustn

dustbinn

dustya

dutyn

28

DVD=digitalversatilediskn

dynamica

dynastyn

E

eacha&pron

eagera

eaglen

earn

earlya&ad

earnv

earthn

earthquaken

easta,ad&n

Eastern

easterna

easya

eat(ate,eaten)v

ecologyn

edgen

editionn

editorn

educatev

educationn

educatorn

effectn

effortn

eggn

eggplantn

eithera,conj&ad

eldern

electv

electrica

electricala

electricityn

electronica

eleganta

elephantn

elsead

e-mailn&v

embarrassv

embassyn

emergencyn

emperorn

employv

emptya

encouragev

encouragementn

endn&v

endingn

endlessa

enemyn

energetica

energyn

enginen

engineern

enjoyv

enjoyablea

enlargev

enoughpron,a&ad

enquiryn

enterv

29

enterprisen

entertainmentn

enthusiastica

entirea

entrancen

entryn

envelopen

environmentn

envyv&n

equala&v

equalityn

equipv

equipmentn

erasern

errorn

eruptv

escapen&v

especiallyad

essayn

Europen

Europeana&n

evaluatev

evenad

eveningn

eventn

eventuallyad

everad

everya

everybodypron

everydaya

everyonepron

everythingpron

everywheread

evidencen

evidenta

evolutionn

exacta

exam=examinationn

examinev

examplen

excellenta

exceptprep

exchangen&v

excitev

excusen&v

exercisen&v

exhibitionn

existv

existencen

exitn

expandv

expectv

expectationn

expensen

expensivea

experiencen

experimentn

expertn

explainv

explanationn

explicita

explodev

explorev

exportn&v

exposev

expressv&n

expressionn

extensionn

extraa

extraordinarya

extremea

eyen

eyesightn

F

facen&v

faciala

factn

factoryn

fadev

failv&n

failuren

fairla

fair2n

faithn

falll

(fell,fallen)v

fall2

(Am)=autumnn

falsea

familiara

familyn

famousa

fann

fancyn,v&a

fantastica

fantasyn

far(farther;farthest

或further,furthest)a&ad

faren

farmn

farmern

fasta&ad

fastenv

fatn&a

fathern

faultn

favour(Amfavor)n

favourite(Amfavorite)a&n

faxn&v

fearn

feastn

feathern

federala

feen

feed(fed,fed)v

feel(fclt,fclt)v

feelingn

fellown

femalea&n

fencen

ferryn

festivaln&a

fetchv

fevern

fewpron&a

31

fibre(Amfiber)n

fictionn

fieldn

fiercea

fightffoughtjought)n&v

figuren&v

filen

fillv

filmn&v

finala

financen

find(found,found)v

finela

fine2v

fingern

fingernailn

finishv&n

firen&v

fireworksn

firmln

firm2a

fishn&v

fishermann

fistn

fita&v

fixv

flagn

flamen

flashn

flashlightn

flatla

flat2n

flee(fledzfled)v

fleshn

flexiblea

flightn

floatv

floodn&v

floorn

flourn

flowv

flowern

flun

fluencyn

fluenta

flyl

(flewjlown)v

fly2n

focusv&n

fogn

foggya

foldv

folkn&a

followv

fonda

foodn

fooln&v

foolisha

foot(plfeet)n

footballn

forprep&conj

forbid(forbade,forbidden)v

forcev

32

forecastn&v

foreheadn

foreigna

foreignern

foresee(foresaw,foreseen)v

forestn

foreverad

forget(forgot,forgot/forgotten)v

forgetfula

forgive(forgave,forgiven)v

forkn

formn&v

formatn

formera

fortnightn

fortunatea

fortunen

forwardad

fosterv

foundv

fountainn

foxn

fragilea

fragranta

frameworkn

francn

freea

freedomn

freewayn

freeze(froze,frozen)v

freezinga

frequenta

fresha

frictionn

fridge=refrigeratorn

friendn

friendlya

friendshipn

frightenv

frogn

fromprep

fronta&n

frontiern

frostn

fruitn

fryv

fueln

fulla

funn&a

functionn&v

fundamentala

funeraln

funnya

furn

furnisheda

furnituren

futuren

G

gainv

galleryn

gallonn

33

gamen

garagen

garbagen

gardenn

garlicn

garmentn

gasn

gaten

gatherv

gaya

generala&n

generationn

generousa

gentlea

gentlemann

geographyn

geometryn

gesturen

get(gotzgot)v

giftn

gifteda

giraffen

girln

give(gave,given)v

glada

glancev

glarev

glassn

globen

gloryn

gloven

gluen

go(went,gone)v

goaln

goatn

godn

goldn&a

goldena

golfn

good(bcttcr,bcst)a

goodsn

goose(plgeese)n

governv

governmentn

graden

graduala

graduatev

graduationn

grainn

gramn

grammarn

granda

grandchildn

granddaughtern

grandma=grandmothern

grandpa=grandfathern

grandparentsn

grandsonn

grannyn

grapen

graphn

graspv

34

grassn

gratefula

gravityn

greata&ad

greedya

greena&n

greengrocern

greetv

greetingn

grey(Amgray)a

grilln

grocern

groceryn

groundn

groupn

grow(grew,grown)v

growthn

guaranteev

guardn

guessv

guestn

guidancen

guiden

guiltya

guitarn

gunn

gym=gymnasiumn

gymnasticsn

H

habitn

hairn

haircutn

halfa&n

halln

hamn

hamburgern

hammern

handn&v

handbagn

handfuln

handkerchiefn

handlen&v

handsomea

handwritingn

handya

hang(hung,hung或-ed,-ed)v

happenv

happinessn

happya

harbour(Amharbor)n

hardad&a

hardlyad

hardshipn

hardworkinga

harmn&v

harmfula

harmonyn

harvestn&v

hatn

hatchv

hatev&n

35

have(has,had,had)v

hepron

headn&v

headachen

headlinen

headmastern

headmistressn

healthn

healthya

hear(heard,heard)v

hearingn

heartn

heatn

heavenn

heavya

heeln

heightn

helicoptern

helloint

helmetn

helpn&v

helpfula

henn

herpron

herbn

heread

heron

herspron

herselfpron

hesitatev

hiint

hide(hid,hidden)v

higha&ad

highwayn

hilln

himpron

himselfpron

hirev

hispron

historyn

hit(hit,hit)v&n

hobbyn

hold(held,held)v

holen

holidayn

holya

homen&ad

homelandn

hometownn

homeworkn

honesta

honeyn

honour(Amhonor)n&v

hookn&v

hopen&v

hopefula

hopelessa

horriblea

horsen

hospitaln

hostn&v

hostessn

36

hota

hotdogn

hoteln

hourn

housen

housewifen

houseworkn

howad

howeverad&conj

howlv

hugv

hugea

humana&n

humanbeingn

humorousa

humour(Amhumor)n

hungern

hungrya

huntv

huntern

hurricanen

hurryv

hurt(hurt,hurt)v

husbandn

hydrogenn

I

Ipron

iccn

ice-creamn

idean

identityn

identificationn

idiomn

ifconj

ignorev

illa

illegala

illnessn

imaginev

immediatelyad

immigrationn

importv&n

importancen

importanta

impossiblea

impressv

impressionn

improvev

inprep&ad

inchn

incidentn

includev

incomen

increasev&n

indeeda

independencen

independenta

indicatev

industryn

influencen&v

informv

37

informationn

initiala

injurev

injuryn

inkn

innn

innocenta

insectn

insertv

insideprep&ad

insistv

inspectv

inspirev

instanta

insteadad

instituten

institutionn

instructv

instructionn

instrumentn

insurancen

insurev

intelligencen

intendv

intentionn

interestn

interestinga

internationala

Internetn

interpretern

interruptv

intervaln

interviewn&v

intoprep

introducev

introductionn

inventv

inventionn

invitationn

invitev

ironn&v

irrigationn

isv(be)

islandn

itpron

itspron

itselfpron

J

jacketn

jamn

jarn

jawn

jazzn

jeansn

jeepn

jetn

jewellery(Amjewelry)n

jobn

jogv

joinv

joken

38

journalistn

journeyn

joyn

judgen&v

judgement

(Amjudgment)n

juicen

jumpn&v

junglen

juniora

justa&ad

justicen

K

kangaroon

keep(kept,kept)v

kettlen

keyn

keyboardn

kickv&n

kidn

killv

kilon

kilogramn

kilometre(Amkilometer)n

kindln

kind2a

kindergartenn

kindnessn

kingn

kingdomn

kissn&v

kitchenn

kiten

kneen

knifefplknives)n

knockn&v

know(knev^known)v

knowledgen

L

lab=laboratoryn

labour(Amlabor)n

lackn&v

ladyn

laken

lambn

lamea

lampn

landn&v

languagen

lanternn

lapn

largea

lasta&v

latea&ad

lattern

laughn&v

laughtern

laundryn

lawn

lawyern

39

lay(laidjaid)v

lazya

lead(ledjed)v&n

leadern

leaf(plleaves)n

leaguen

leakv

learnflearntjearnt

或-ed,-ed)v

leastn

leathern

leave(leftjeft)v

lecturen

lefta,ad&n

legn

legala

lemonn&a

lemonaden

lcnd(lcntjcnt)v

lengthn

lessonn

let(letjet)v

lettern

leveln

liberationn

libertyn

librariann

libraryn

licensen

lidn

lieln&v

Iie2

(layjain)v

life(pllives)n

liftv&n

lightn,v&a

lightningn

likev&prep

likelya

limitv

linen&v

linkv&n

lionn

lipn

liquidn&a

listn&v

listenv

literaturen

literarya

litre(Amliter)n

litterv

little(lessjeast)a

livev&a

livelya

loadn

loafn

locala

lockn&v

lonelya

longa&ad

lookn&v

loosea

lorryn

lose(lostjost)v

lossn

lotn

louda

loungen

loven&v

lovelya

lowa&ad

luckn

luckya

luggagen

lunchn

lungn

M

machinen

mada

madam/madamen

magazinen

magica

maidn

mailn&v

mailboxn

maina

mainlandn

majora

majorityn

makeln

make2

(made,made)v

malea&n

man(plmen)n

managev

managern

mankindn

mannern

manyfmore^ost)pron&a

mapn

maplen

marathonn

marblen

marchn&

markn&v

marketn

marriagen

marryv

maskn&v

massn

masterv&n

matn

matchv&n

materialn

mathematics

=math/mathsn

mattern&v

maturea

maximuma&n

maymodalv

ma