高考總復(fù)習(xí)優(yōu)化設(shè)計二輪用書英語(新高考)閱讀理解　原創(chuàng)題組練2

高考總復(fù)習(xí)優(yōu)化設(shè)計GAOKAOZONGFUXIYOUHUASHEJI2024閱讀理解原創(chuàng)題組練(二)Passage1Passage2Passage3Seeingthedisappointmentonhisdaughter’sfacebecause,at400pounds,herdadcouldn’tplaywithher,wasthefuelonefatherneededtoturnhislifearoundafter25years.In1994,Murphywasviolentlyattackedbythreemen.Ittookhimsevenmonthstorecoverfromhisinjuries,includingrelearninghowtowalk.“Iusedthatasanexcusetobelazy,”hesaid.“Overtheyears,Iatealotanddrankalotandputonalotofweight.”O(jiān)verthenexttwodecades,Murphygained200pounds,dranknearlyeverydayandstruggledwithPTSDfromtheattack.“Ihiditforalmost25years.Ilookedlikethehappyguyatthepub.ButIwasdrinkingtoescape,”hesaid.“Andthenshecamealong.”Passage1Passage2Passage3Thebirthofhisdaughter,Chloe,in2014sparkedadesiretoturnhislifearound.Murphywenttoanearbygym.Butjust20minutesaftergettingonatreadmill,heheardtwomenmockinghim,sayingthebackofhisnecklookedlike“apackofsausages”.SeriousanxietyfromhisPTSDmadehimgiveupandgohome.Fouryearslater,in2018,MurphywasleavingaplaygroundwithChloewhensheaskedhimtoraceherhome.“Isaid,‘Sorrysweetie,youknowDadcan’trun,’andthelookofherwasnotjustsadness,butdisappointment.I’llneverforgetit,”Murphysaid.“Thatlitafireinme.”Passage1Passage2Passage3Hestartedboxing,eatinghealthilyandstoppeddrinking.Murphyeventuallylost170poundsandgothisPTSDundercontrol.“Now,weraceallthetime,andshe’ssmilingallthetime,”hesaidofhisdaughter.Almostfiveyearsintohistransformation,MurphysaidChloeremainshismotivationeveryday.“IusedtosometimessitaroundandwonderwhatmypurposewasandwhyIwaskeptaround,”hesaid.“AndthenIlookatherandthat’sprettyclear.”[語篇解讀]本文是一篇記敘文。一名男子在令他4歲的女兒失望后,減掉了170多磅的體重。25年來,他一直與肥胖癥和創(chuàng)傷后應(yīng)激障礙作斗爭,直到看到女兒臉上失望的表情,他才下定決心減肥。Passage1Passage2Passage31.Whydidthefathermakeuphismindtoloseweight?A.Thefuelhisdaughtergavehim.B.Failingtoplaywithhisdaughter.C.Adisappointedlookfromhisdaughter.D.Theinconvenienceofbeingoverweight.√解析

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段可知,因?yàn)?00磅的體重,他不能和女兒一起玩,他看到了女兒臉上的失望,這成了一個父親要改變的動力。因此C項(xiàng)正確。Passage1Passage2Passage32.Whatwashedrinkingtoescape?A.Thefactofgaining200pounds.B.Theseeminglyhappyguyatthepub.C.Theattackbythreemen25yearsago.D.PTSD,thediseasehegotaftertheattack.√解析

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段可知,在接下來的20年里,他體重增加了200磅,幾乎每天都喝酒,并因受襲擊而患有PTSD。他把它藏了將近25年。雖然看起來就像酒吧里那個快樂的家伙,但喝酒是為了逃避。

因此這里逃避的是PTSD這種疾病,因此D項(xiàng)正確。Passage1Passage2Passage33.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“mocking”meaninparagraph5?A.Makingfunof.

B.Layingblameon.C.Findingfaultwith. D.Thinkinghighlyof.√解析

詞義猜測題。根據(jù)后面的“saying

the

back

of

his

neck

looked

like‘a(chǎn)

pack

of

sausages’”可知,說他脖子后面看起來像“一包香腸”,顯然是在取笑他,因此選A項(xiàng)。Passage1Passage2Passage34.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.AmanstruggledwithobesityandPTSDfromanattack.B.AmanwhostruggledwithobesityandPTSDwascured.C.Alookofdisappointmentmotivatedhimtogethealthy.D.Amandriventoloseweightafterdisappointinghisdaughter.√解析

主旨大意題。文章主要講述了一名男子在遭受暴力襲擊之后體重劇增,他不能與女兒一起玩耍讓女兒失望。女兒失望的表情讓他下決心減肥,并且在他瘦身近五年之后,女兒依然是他的動力。因此D項(xiàng)正確。Passage1Passage2Passage3HomebuyersinterestedinrelocatingtoGeorgetown,Texas,mayhavetheopportunitytoliveinalarge,3D-printedneighborhood.ICON,aconstructiontechcompany,alongwithLennar,ahomeconstructioncompanyandBjarkeIngelsGroup(BIG),anarchitecturecompany,areteaminguptodevelopWolfRanch—a100-home,3D-printedcommunity.“WolfRanchmarksthelargestcommunityofitskindindevelopmentintheworldandinpartnershipwithoneofthelargesthomebuildersinthecountry,Lennar,”DmitriJulius,chiefofspecialprojectsatICON,toldFoxNewsDigital.Passage1Passage2Passage3ThepartnershipbetweenAustin-basedICONandLennar“offersapromisingpathtowardsanalternatemethodofdeliveringtechnology-drivenhomesthatmeettherisingdemandindesirablecommunities,”Juliusadded.PrintingforWolfRanchstartedinthefallof2022—andreservationsforhomesaresettobeginonJune10,2023.TheoverallgoalforWolfRanchisto“getpeopleexcitedthatthefutureofhomebuildingishere,”Juliusalsosaid.Passage1Passage2Passage3ICONanditsteamarebuildingacommunitywithnewinnovativetechnology.“Bycombininginnovativerobotics,softwareandadvancedmaterials,wearecreatingbeautiful,resilienthomesco-designedbyaworld-renownedarchitecturefirm,BIG,thataretechnologicallyadvanced,environmentallysustainableandarchitecturallystriking,”JuliustoldFoxNewsDigital.ThoseatICON,LennarandBIGbelievenowisagoodtimetogetstartedonthisprojectbecauseofAmerica’shousingshortage.“Thisproblemisaproblemofscale(規(guī)模)andthesolutionalsohastobeatscale,”Juliussaid.Passage1Passage2Passage3“Inthefuture,webelieverobotsanddroneswillbuildentireneighborhoods,townsandcities,”headded.“WehopetolookbackatLennar’sWolfRanchcommunityastheplacewhereroboticconstructionatalargescalebegan.”GeorgetownisoneofthefastestgrowingsuburbsnorthofAustin,accordingtoJulius,makingitanideallocationtobreakground.Passage1Passage2Passage3WhileICONiscreatingthefirstneighborhoodentirelymadeof3D-printedhomes,thisisn’tthefirsttime3DhomesinAmerica.In2021,HabitatforHumanitypartneredwithAlquisttobuildthefirst-ever3D-printed,habitedhome.[語篇解讀]本文是一篇說明文。在美國,人們對理想社區(qū)的需求不斷增長,住房短缺成了一個問題。三個各有專長的建筑公司正在合作開發(fā)Wolf

Ranch,一個擁有100個家庭的3D打印社區(qū)。Passage1Passage2Passage31.WhyisWolfRanchtobedeveloped?A.Totryoutnewinnovativehomebuildingtechnology.B.Tomeettherisingdemandinsatisfyinghouses.C.Togetpeopleexcitedaboutthefutureoflife.D.Tosatisfyincreasingneedofgoodneighborhoods.√解析

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。從第四段中的“meet

the

rising

demand

in

desirable

communities”可知,開發(fā)這種3D社區(qū)的目的是滿足人們對美好社區(qū)的需求,而不是對房子的需求,因此D項(xiàng)正確,B項(xiàng)錯誤。Passage1Passage2Passage32.WhatcanweknowaboutWolfRanch?A.Twocompaniesareteaminguptodevelopit.B.Itwillbethefirst3D-printedneighborhoodintheworld.C.Itwillbeenvironmentallyfriendlywithcommonstructure.D.Itwasdesignedbyaremarkablearchitecturefirm,ICON.√Passage1Passage2Passage3解析

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。從第二段的“ICON,a

construction

tech

company,along

with

Lennar...are

teaming

up

to

develop

Wolf

Ranch”可知,是三家公司聯(lián)合開發(fā)的Wolf

Ranch,因此A項(xiàng)錯誤;從第二段的“Wolf

Ranch—a

100-home,3D-printed

community”和最后一段的“the

first

neighborhood

entirely

made

of

3D-printed

homes”可知,B項(xiàng)正確。從第六段的“environmentally

sustainable

and

architecturally

striking”可知,這種社區(qū)環(huán)保而且架構(gòu)上引人注目,因此C項(xiàng)錯誤;從第六段的“co-designed

by

a

world-renowned

architecture

firm,BIG”可知,D項(xiàng)錯誤。因此選B項(xiàng)。Passage1Passage2Passage33.Whatcanweinferfromparagraph7?A.ThereisaseverehousingshortageintheU.S.B.ItisagoodtimetostartdevelopingWolfRanchnow.C.WolfRanchwillbethelargestcommunityinAmerica.D.Inadequatehousingisacommonproblemoftheworld.√解析

推理判斷題。由第七段可知,由于美國的住房短缺,現(xiàn)在是開始這個項(xiàng)目的好時機(jī)。由于這是一個規(guī)模問題,因此解決方案也必須是從規(guī)模上解決,由此可知,美國的住房短缺問題非常嚴(yán)重,因此A項(xiàng)正確。Passage1Passage2Passage34.Whichcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.WolfRanch,YourMostDesirableCommunityB.HoustonWelcomestheCountry’sFirst3D-PrintedHomeC.RobotsandDronesWillBuildEntireNeighborhoodsD.3D-printedTexasNeighborhoodIsGoingUpasHomes√解析

主旨大意題。本文主要介紹了三家公司正在合作開發(fā)Wolf

Ranch,一個擁有100個家庭的3D打印社區(qū)。因?yàn)槊绹淖》慷倘?現(xiàn)在開始這個項(xiàng)目,以此來開辟一個新途徑,滿足人們對理想社區(qū)日益增長的需求。Passage1Passage2Passage3Growingup,PittsburghnativeJudyBaumgartnersawbigplasticpipesfromindustrialplantsgoingintotheOhioRiver.Thiswasduringthe1960sand1970s,whenindustrialplantsstilldominatedthecity’swaterfront.Pittsburgh’ssteel,coalandotherindustrieshadlongsustainedthelocaleconomy,buttheyalsoreleasedpollutionintothewater.Manyofthoseindustrieshavelargelydisappearednow.BaumgartnerassumedtheOhioRiverwasingoodhealth.Theriverismuchhealthierthanitwas50yearsago.Congresspassedgroundbreakinglegislation,theCleanWaterAct,in1972,whichhelpedtocleanuppollutedwaterwaysliketheOhioRiver.Passage1Passage2Passage3Buttheriver—whichsuppliesdrinkingwaterto5millionpeopleandishometomorethan150speciesoffish—isstillunderthreat,accordingtoareportreleasedthisweekfromtheconservationadvocacyorganizationAmericanRivers.Fornearlyfourdecades,AmericanRivershasbeenidentifyingthemostendangeredriversintheU.S.andcreatesitsannuallist.Thisyear,thereportlists10riversasendangered.AsectionoftheColoradoRiver,whichflowsthroughGrandCanyonNationalPark,isthemostendangeredriverinthecountry.Passage1Passage2Passage3TheColoradoRiversuppliesmillionsofpeoplethroughouttheWestwithwaterfordrinkingandagriculture.Prolongeddroughtworsenedbyclimatechange,however,haslefttheriver’sreservoirsinsecurelylow.Thatmeansthere’slesswatertosendpastGlenCanyonDamandintotheColoradoRiver,whichflowsthroughtheGrandCanyon.JustliketheColoradoRiver,climatechangealsothreatenstheOhioRiver,alongwithlegacypollutionandnewindustrialpollution.Passage1Passage2Passage3Protectingthispreciousresourceisessential.TheorganizationiscallingonCongresstodesignate(指定)theOhioRiverasafederallyprotectedwatersystem,whichwouldhelpfunditsrestoration.ProtectingtheOhioRivershouldbeaprioritybecauseitwillbecomeanevenmorecrucialfreshwatersourceasotherpartsofthecountry,liketheWestandSouthwest,strugglewithwaterscarcityanddrought.[語篇解讀]本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了科羅拉多河和俄亥俄河成為全美最瀕危的河流的主要原因,以及政府可能要采取的措施。Passage1Passage2Passage31.WhatdoestheauthorwanttoshowbytellingthestoryofJudyBaumgartner?A.JudythoughttheOhioRiverwasingoodhealthinthepast.B.Industrialfactoriesweremajorcontributorstopollution.C.TheOhioRiverwasseriouslypollutedbutnowit’sbetter.D.Industrialdevelopmenthasbothadvantagesanddisadvantages.√解析

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段可知,在20世紀(jì)60年代和70年代,Judy

Baumgartner從小就看到工廠的大塑料管向水中排放污染物,那時候,鋼鐵、煤炭和其他工業(yè)長期以來支撐著當(dāng)?shù)亟?jīng)濟(jì)。第二段說,現(xiàn)在許多這樣的行業(yè)基本上消失了,因此他認(rèn)為俄亥俄河很健康了。由此可知C項(xiàng)正確。