基于新信息技術(shù)的計(jì)算機(jī)英語(yǔ)(第二版)課件 黃利紅 Unit 1 An Overview of Computers- Unit 5 Programming Language_第1頁(yè)
基于新信息技術(shù)的計(jì)算機(jī)英語(yǔ)(第二版)課件 黃利紅 Unit 1 An Overview of Computers- Unit 5 Programming Language_第2頁(yè)
基于新信息技術(shù)的計(jì)算機(jī)英語(yǔ)(第二版)課件 黃利紅 Unit 1 An Overview of Computers- Unit 5 Programming Language_第3頁(yè)
基于新信息技術(shù)的計(jì)算機(jī)英語(yǔ)(第二版)課件 黃利紅 Unit 1 An Overview of Computers- Unit 5 Programming Language_第4頁(yè)
基于新信息技術(shù)的計(jì)算機(jī)英語(yǔ)(第二版)課件 黃利紅 Unit 1 An Overview of Computers- Unit 5 Programming Language_第5頁(yè)
已閱讀5頁(yè),還剩128頁(yè)未讀, 繼續(xù)免費(fèi)閱讀

下載本文檔

版權(quán)說明:本文檔由用戶提供并上傳,收益歸屬內(nèi)容提供方,若內(nèi)容存在侵權(quán),請(qǐng)進(jìn)行舉報(bào)或認(rèn)領(lǐng)

文檔簡(jiǎn)介

Section1SituationalDialogue

Section2ReadingMaterial

Section3ExtendedReadingSection1SituationalDialogueComputerDebateMarion:Hey,Todd,youareexactlythepersonIamlookingfor.Ihaveafavortoaskyou.Todd:Sure.Marion:Well,thethingis,I'mthinkingofbuyingacomputer.ButIreallydon'tknowmuchaboutcomputers,youknowthat,soIwanttoknow,whichoneisbetter,alaptoporadesktop?WhichdoyouthinkIshouldbuy?Todd:Ah,that'sagoodquestion.Well,I'mnotacomputerpro,but,Iguessthere'salotofadvantagesifyougetadesktopcomputerforyourhouse.Ithasmorememoryandpower.Youcangetabiggermonitorforwatchingmoviesorthingslikethat,andIthinkthenumberonereasonthatIlikedesktopisitdoesn'tbreak.Andyouknow,itcan'tbestolen.Marion:Aseasily,yeah.Todd:Right,ifyouhavealaptop,youcantakeitandcarryiteverywhere.Thatmeansit'seasiertobreak,youknowyoumaydropit(yeah)orit'seasytobestolen.Ontheotherhand,ifyoujustwanttobemobilewithyourcomputer,obviouslyyouwantalaptopbecauseyoucantakeiteverywhere,andyoucanuseitindifferentplaces,sothat'sactuallywhyIhavethebothtwo.Ihaveadesktopandalaptop.Marion:Soyouhavethebestofbothworlds,really.Todd:Sowhatdoyouwanttouseyourcomputerfor?Marion:Well,mainlyIwanttouseittokeepintouchwithmyfamiliesandfriends.That'smynumberonereason.I'dalsoliketouseitforwork,tomakeworksheetsandthatkindofthingforschool,andtheotherthingis,Iwanttouseittostoremyphotosfrommydigitalcamera.It'sreallyimportanttomebecauseI'mafraidthatI'mgoingtoloseoneoftheCD'sandallofthosephotosorsomethinglikethat.Todd:Well,howoftendoyouthinkyou'llbetakingacomputerwithyou,toworkorsomewhere?Marion:Idon'tknowreally.Imean,IsupposeIcouldjustbuyalaptopandleaveitathome,couldn'tI?Todd:Sure.Sure.Yeah,Iguessifyou'rejustgoingtouseforbasicstuffthenmaybe,alaptopisgoodforyou.Marion:Yeah.Yeah,maybe.It'ssoconfusing.It'ssuchabigdecisionforme.Idon'tknowwhattodo.Thanksforyouradvice.Todd:Sure.Section2ReadingMaterialInstructiontotheDevelopmentofComputersModerndevelopmentincomputerswasstartedinCambridge,England,byCharlesBabbage,amathematicsprofessor.Hebegantodesignanautomaticmechanicalcalculatingmachinecalledadifferenceengine,butin1833helostinterestbecausehethoughthehadabetteridea-theconstructionofafullyprogram-controlledautomaticmechanicaldigitalcomputer.BabbagecalledthisideaanAnalyticalEngine.Theideaofthisdesignshowedalotofforesight,althoughthiscouldn'tbeappreciateduntilafullcenturylater.ThefirstgenerationThefirstgenerationofcomputersisgenerallyconsideredtoincludemachinesbuiltbetween1946and1959,ofwhichtheENIAC(theElectronicNumericalIntegratorandComputer)wastheprototype.ENIACwasbuiltbytwoprofessorsattheUniversityofPennsylvaniain1946.Itincluded18,000vacuumtubes,weighedmorethan30tons,occupied15,000squarefeetoffloorspace,andconsumedabout180,000wattsofelectricalpower.TheENIACcouldperform5,000additionsor500multiplicationsperminute.Intheearly1950s,thefirstmass-producedmachinesbecameavailable.TheIBM650,introducedin1954,wasthefirstcommerciallysuccessfulcomputer.Thefirstgenerationofcomputerswascharacterizedbytheuseofvacuumtubesandregenerativecapacitormemories.Theseexpensiveandbulkycomputersusedmachinelanguageforcomputingandcouldsolvejustoneproblematatime.Theydidnotsupportmultitasking.ThesecondgenerationThesecondgenerationcomputersemployedanewtechnologicalinnovation?-?thetransistor.In1956,thetransistorswerefirstusedinthebuildingofcomputers.Inthe1960s,transistor-basedcomputersreplacedvacuumtubes.Transistorshadnumerousadvantagesovervacuumtubes.Theyweresmaller,cheaper,andgaveofflessheat.Thesecondgenerationcomputersusedmagneticcoresastheirprimarymemory.Theyusedpunchedcardsforinputandassemblylanguage.Thesecomputersgaveusersasignificantincreaseinavailablememory(about20x).And,calculationspeedsalsoincreased.IBMdominatedthemarketofthesecondgeneration.TwoofIBM'sproductlineswereespeciallysuccessful:thelarge7,000-series,andthesmall1,400-series.ThethirdgenerationOnApril7th,1964,IBMreleaseditsSystem/360lineofcomputers.TheSystem/360'sreleasemarkedthebeginningofthethirdgenerationofcomputers.TheSystem/360computersusedintegratedcircuitsratherthanindividualtransistors.Thisincreasedthespeedandefficiencyofcomputers.Operatingsystemswerethehumaninterfacetocomputingoperations,keyboardsandmonitorsbecametheinput-outputdevices.Magneticcorememorywasreplacedwithsemiconductormemories.Thenotionofupwardcompatibilitywasintroducedduringthethirdgeneration.Thismeansthatapplicationsmadeforagivencomputer/systemwillworkwiththenextmodel,justlikeanExcel97spreadsheetwillworkwithExcel2000.Sophisticatedoperatingsystemswereintroduced,givingusedunprecedentedcontroloverthecomputer.IBM'sSystem/360andSystem/370dominatedthethirdgenerationcomputermarketthroughthe1970s.ThefourthgenerationChangesaftertheIBMSystem/360wereevolutionary,buildingonexistingtechnologyratherthancompletelyreplacingexistingtechnology.Introductionofthemicroprocessors(thousandsofintegratedcircuitsplacedontoasiliconchip)wasthehallmarkofthefourthgenerationcomputers.Inthe1980's,VeryLargeScaleIntegration(VLSI),inwhichhundredsofthousandsoftransistorswereplacedonasinglechip,becamemoreandmorecommon.Manycompanies,somenewtothecomputerfield,introducedprogrammableminicomputerssuppliedwithsoftwarepackagesinthe1970s.The"shrinking"trendcontinuedwiththeintroductionofPersonalComputers(PCs),whichareprogrammablemachinessmallenoughandinexpensiveenoughtobepurchasedandusedbyindividuals.Onesignificantinnovationofthefourthgenerationistheplacementofmultipleprocessorsonasinglemachine.Othersignificantinnovationsincludecommunicationsbetweenterminalsandcomputers,andcommunicationsoverextendednetworks.ClassificationofComputerSystemsAnyclassificationofcomputersystemsisanephemeralthing.Itwillbeatleastayearfromthetimethislessonwasfirsttypedtothetimeyouarereadingitinclass.Inthattime,someofthephysicalclassificationsthatwehavedevisedwillbeoutdated.However,wewillreviewsomeoftheclassificationsthatarecommonlyusedandtrytoincorporatethemintoanoverallscheme.Atrendthatseemstohavebeenfollowedsincetheveryearlydaysofdataandinformationprocessingisthatthecostofthelargestcomputingsystemshasstayedrelativelyconstant.Thesesystemsgrewincomplexityandpower,butnotsignificantlyincost.MainframesThetermmostcommonlyusedforthelargestgeneralpurposecomputingsystemisamainframecomputer.Thecostrangesfromseveralhundredthousandtoseveralmilliondollars.Thiscosthasstayedrelativelyconstantsincetheearly1950s.However,thepowerofthemainframehasincreaseddramatically.Mainframesystemsaredesignedforlarge-scalescientificandcommercialapplications.Theirscientificapplicationsrangefromlong-rangeweatherforecastingtotheanalysisofcomplexdatafromhighenergynuclearphysicsexperiments.Typicalcommercialapplicationsaretheverycomplexairlinereservationsystemsandmassivebankingsystems.Mainframesystemshaveveryfastprocessortimesandextremelylargememories.UsuallytheCPUiscomprisedofmanyspecialpurposelogicunitsthatpermitthemainframetohandlemanytasksconcurrently.Howthisisaccomplishedwillbeexplainedlater.Itisnotunusualtohaveseveralhundredpeopleusingasinglemainframeatonce.Inadditiontothesizeofmemoryandspeedofprocessing,thesesystemshaveaccesstovastamountsofsecondarystorage.AmongthebestknownofthemainframemanufacturersareIBM,UNISYS,Honeywell,andControlDataCorporation(CDC).BurroughsandSperrymergedin1986toformUNISYS.DigitalEquipmentCorporation(DEC)hasrecentlybeguntocompetedirectlyinthismarket.Mainframesarefoundinalmostalllargeorganizations.Althoughmanyapplicationsthatwereonceexecutedexclusivelyonthesesystemshavemigratedtosmallersystems,therearestillmanyapplicationsthatrequirethelargecapacitywhichonlyamainframecanoffer.Acentralsystemalsohelpsenforcestandardsandallowsmanagementbettercontrolofthecorporateinformationresource.MinicomputersInthe1960s,asthecostofcomputingcontinuedtodecrease,anothertypeofcomputingsystemappeared.Itscostistypicallyfromaboutthirtythousanddollarstoseveralhundredthousanddollars.Thesesystemsareusuallycalledminicomputers.Althoughthetermmaybemisleadingtoday,aminioftenisfounddoingtheworkofamainframe.Originally,theminihadverylimitedmemoryandasinglelogicunit.Themostattractivethingaboutitwasitscost.Relativelyinexpensivecomputingcapacitycouldbepurchasedwithamini,somanagementwaswillingtobuythesesystemsforspecializedpurposessuchasprocesscontrol.Todaymanyofthecapacityoftheminisfoundinindustryrivalsthemainframesofafewyearsago.Manyoftheapplicationsthatwereexclusivelyrunonthemainframesarebeingdoneonminisandthedistinctionbetweenthetwosystems,mainframeandmini.Theonlydistinctionthatseemstoremainistherelativecost.Amongthebest-knownminicomputermanufacturersareDigitalEquipmentCorporation,HewlettPackard,SUNandSiliconGraphics.MicrocomputersInthe1970s,oneofthemostsignificantthingsthatoccurredintheevolutionofcomputingsystemswasthedevelopmentof“aprocessoronachip”.ScientistsdevelopedthetechniquesthatallowedallofthefunctionsoftheALUtobeplacedonasinglewaferofsiliconandthesizeisafingernail.Thisledtotheintroductionofthethirdgeneralcategoryofcomputingsystemscalledthemicrocomputer,orpersonalcomputer.Earlymicroshadverylimitedprocessingcapabilities,butashashappenedwithallothercomputerdevelopments,theyhaverapidlygrowninpoweranddecreasedincost.Atypicalsystemwillcostfromunderonehundreddollarstoapproximatelythousandsofdollars.Microcomputersarewidelyusedaspersonalworkstationsinalmostallaspectsofbusiness,industry,andgovernment.Theyarefoundextensivelyinthehomeandeducationalinstitutions.Althoughtherearemicrocomputersystemsthatarecapableofservingseveralusersatonce,mostareusedbyoneperson.ThishasledtothetermPersonalComputer(PC),whichisusedinterchangeablywiththetermmicro.AmongthemostpopularmicrocomputersarethoseproducedbyIBM,AppleandTandy-RadioShack.AnentireindustryhasdevelopedmanufacturingPCsthatfunctionidenticallytotheIBMPC.ThesemachinesareoftencalledPCclones.In1987,IBMintroduceditsnextgenerationofPCs,thePersonalSystem2.Itisafamilyofproductsthatsignificantlyincreasesthepoweroftheearliermachines.Thetypicalpersonalcomputerhasatypewriterlikekeyboardforinput,atelevisiontypescreen,aseparateprinterforoutput,andaharddiskforsecondarystorage.Largersystemsaddmoresecondarystoragewithlargerdiskdrivesorre-writableCDs.Manyofthesystemshavetheabilitytocommunicatewithotherpersonalcomputersorminisandmainframes.Thismakesthemextremelyversatiletools.Theapplicationsavailableonmicrosareasvariedasonthelargersystems;theonlyrestrictionsareduetotheirrelativelyslowspeedandmemorysize.SupercomputersOneadditionalcategoryofcomputingsystemswehavenotdiscussediscommonlyreferredtoasthesupercomputer.Thesesystemshaveextremelylargememoriesandfastspeed.Theycostintherangeofmillionsofdollars.Theyaremostcommonlyusedforverylargecomputationalproblems.Thesesystemsaresocomplexthattheyusuallyhaveamainframecomputerwhichfunctionsastheinputandoutputdeviceforthesupercomputer.Agooddefinitionofsupercomputerissimplythelargestandmostpowerfulcomputerthatisavailableatthepresenttime.Supercomputershavefoundapplicationinlong-rangeweatherforecastingandotherverycomplexproblemsthatrequireenormousamountsofcomputation.ManufacturersofthelargestsupercomputersareCrayResearchandControlDataCorporation.Section3ExtendedReadingWhatAretheBenefitsofComputersinSchool?Technologygetsabadrapthesedays.Teensarespendingmoretimeonlinethaneverandbecomingdepressedintheprocess.Youngchildrenlearntotypebeforetheycanwrite,askillthatissaidtobeessentialforbraindevelopment.They'reallshamedforbeingaddictedtodevices,andtechcompaniesareblamedforcreatingaddictivetools.Inthisdystopianpicture,it'seasytotakeforgrantedtheimportanceofcomputersinsocietyandtoforgetthegoodthattechnologybringspeopletoday.Thebenefitsofcomputerandothertechgadgetsinteachingandlearningarenumerous.AdvantagesofcomputerinteachingandlearningTheadvantagesofcomputerinteachingandlearningarenumerous.Variousonlinecollaborationplatformsallowstudentsandteacherstocollaborateonprojectsonline,insideandoutsidetheclassroomonacomputerinschool,aswellasaskingquestions,sharingideasandclassdiscussionsbeyondtheclassroom.Easyaccesstotheinternetmeansinstantaccesstoinformation,allowingstudentstoconductindependentresearchrightintheclassroom.Lecturecapturingtoolsallowinstructorstocapturetheirlecturesonvideoforstudentstoreviewlater.Similarly,notetakingsoftwareallowsstudentstoeasilytake,storeandaccesslecturenotes.Coursemanagementplatformsallowteacherstoorganizecourseresourcesandstudentstoaccesstheirgradesonline.Asharedonlineclasscalendarhelpsstudentsbebetterorganized.PresentationsoftwaressuchasPowerpointandKeynoteallowteacherstopresentlecturematerialinaninteractiveway,aswellasallowingstudentstocreatetheirownpresentations.Technologyhasgreatlyenhancedtestingandstudentself-assessment.Usingtechnologycangreatlyenhancestudents'learningabouttheconceptsofmathandscience.Withtechnology,studentscanvisitanylocationontheearthbyusingsoftwarelikeGoogleEarthwithoutleavingclassroom.Technologyallowsstudentstobecomecontentcreatorsthemselves.TheycancreateWikipagescollaboratively,writestudentblogs,createvideos,webpagesandotheronlinecontent.AdvantagesofnetworkingTechnologyprovidesnumerouswaystonetworkwithintheclasswhenone-on-oneinteractionisnotpossibleorpractical,aswellasconnectingwithschoolsandexpertsaroundtheworld.Forexample,Twitterhashtagscanbeusedtoaskquestionsbyteachers,whichwouldencouragetheparticipationofshystudentswhootherwisewouldbetooself-conscioustoraisetheirhandandspeak.Byusingalivevideoservice,aclasscanconnectwithanotherschoolacrosstheglobe,chatwithafamousastronaut,scientistoranothercelebrity,orbringanexpertasaguestlecturerintoyourclassroom.WhatAretheAdvantagesofComputersinBusiness?Computershavetremendouslyimprovedthewaybusinessesoperateintheirrespectiveindustries.Technologyhasadvancedsoremarkablythatthosewhoarenotusingcomputersintheirbusinessareatamajordisadvantageagainsttheircompetitors.Inparticular,thereareseveralimportantadvantagesthatcomputerscanprovidetothesmallbusinesses.OrganizationComputersallowtheapplicationofdifferenttypesofsoftwarethatcanhelpbusinesseskeeptrackoftheirfiles,documents,schedulesanddeadlines.Computersalsoallowbusinessestoorganizealloftheirinformationinaveryaccessiblemanner.Theabilitytostorelargeamountsofdataonacomputerisconvenientandinexpensive,andspace-saving.Acomputer'sabilitytoallowacompanytoorganizeitsfilesefficientlyleadstobettertimemanagementandproductivity.Self-sufficiencyComputershavemadestaffandcompaniesmoreself-sufficientbyallowingthemtodotasksthatpreviouslyhadtobeoutsourced.Forexample,officesoftwarecanbeusedtocreatetrainingmaterial.Desktoppublishingsoftwarecanbeusedtocreatemarketingmaterials.Onlinetaxandaccountingprogramsallowcompaniestopreparetheirowntaxes.Thisallowsthedominantoperationsofacompanytoremainin-houseandempowersthecompanytobecomemoreindependentandlesssusceptibletoerrorscommittedbyoutsideparties.Cost-effectiveEmergingtechnologymakesnewtoolsandservicesmoreaffordable,andallowscompaniestosaveontheirstaffpayrollandofficeequipment.Becausecomputersallowworktobedonefasterandmoreefficiently,itispossibleforacompanytohirefewerstaff.Inaddition,withnetworkedandrelativelyinexpensivecomputers,companiescanstoredatamoreeasily,savethecostofoutsidefilestorage,andcanavoidhavingtopurchasemanycopiers,faxmachines,typewriters,andothersuchitemsthatwereusedbeforecomputersbecamepopular.Correspondingly,potentiallyprofitablebusinessescanbestartedwithasmalleroverheadcost.Emailcapabilitiesdecreasepostagecosts;softwareapplicationsreducetheneedforlargeaccountingdepartments,whilevideoconferencingreducestheneedfortravel.Allresourcessavedwilltrickledowntotheconsumers,whoarethenprovidedwithmuchmoreaffordableproductsandservice.SpeedComputershelpspeedupotherbusinessoperations.Thecollectingofconsumerfeedback,orderingofrawmaterials,andinspectionofproductsaremadequickerthroughtheuseofcomputers,allowingcompaniestooperatemuchfasterandtoproducebetterqualityresults.CheaperresearchanddevelopmentResearchanddevelopment'scostwillalsodecreasewiththehelpofcomputers.ScientificresearchcannowbedonebyusingtheInternetandcomputersoftwareapplicationsdesignedtodevelopandproducenewproductsandservices.Forexample,insteadofhavingtodoin-personfocusgroupsonapotentialnewproductortodeterminetheirtargetmarket,thecompanycanconductawidespreadonlinesurveyforafarlowercost.Inaddition,newmodelsofaproductcanbecreatedonlineusingvirtualpicturesanddrawingsinsteadofhavingtobehand-drawn.Theseinteractivemodelscreatedusingsoftwareprogramscanhelpbringtheproductanditsfeaturestolifeforafarlowercostthancreatinganactualphysicalmodelofthegivenproduct.SalesComputerscanhelpgeneratehighersalesandprofitsforbusinessesviaacompanywebsite.Manybusinessesnowoperateonlineandaroundtheclocktoallowcustomersfromaroundtheworldtoshopfortheirproductsandservices.CommencementSpeechatStanfordGivenbySteveJobsIamhonoredtobewithyoutodayatyourcommencementfromoneofthefinestuniversitiesintheworld.Inevergraduatedfromcollege.Truthbetold,thisistheclosestI'veevergottentoacollegegraduation.TodayIwanttotellyouthreestoriesfrommylife.That'sit.Nobigdeal.Justthreestories.Thefirststoryisaboutconnectingthedots.IdroppedoutofReedCollegeafterthefirst6months,butthenstayedaroundasadrop-inforanother18monthsorsobeforeIreallyquit.SowhydidIdropout?ItstartedbeforeIwasborn.Mybiologicalmotherwasayoung,unwedcollegegraduatestudent,andshedecidedtoputmeupforadoption.ShefeltverystronglythatIshouldbeadoptedbycollegegraduates,soeverythingwasallsetformetobeadoptedatbirthbyalawyerandhiswife.ExceptthatwhenIpoppedouttheydecidedatthelastminutethattheyreallywantedagirl.Somyparents,whowereonawaitinglist,gotacallinthemiddleofthenightasking,“Wehaveanunexpectedbabyboy;doyouwanthim?”Theysaid,“Ofcourse.”Mybiologicalmotherlaterfoundoutthatmymotherhadnevergraduatedfromcollegeandthatmyfatherhadnevergraduatedfromhighschool.Sherefusedtosignthefinaladoptionpapers.SheonlyrelentedafewmonthslaterwhenmyparentspromisedthatIwouldsomedaygotocollege.And17yearslaterIdidgotocollege.ButInaivelychoseacollegethatwasalmostasexpensiveasStanford,andallofmyworking-classparents'savingswerebeingspentonmycollegetuition.Aftersixmonths,Icouldn'tseethevalueinit.IhadnoideawhatIwantedtodowithmylifeandnoideahowcollegewasgoingtohelpmefigureitout.AndhereIwasspendingallofthemoneywhichmyparentshadsavedontheirentirelife.SoIdecidedtodropoutandtrustthatitwouldallworkoutOK.Itwasprettyscaryatthetime,butlookingbackitwasoneofthebestdecisionsIevermade.TheminuteIdroppedout,Icouldstoptakingtherequiredclassesthatdidn'tinterestme,andbegindroppinginontheonesthatlookedinteresting.Itwasn'tallromantic.Ididn'thaveadormroom,soIsleptonthefloorinfriends'rooms,Ireturnedcokebottlesforthe5¢depositstobuyfoodwith,andIwouldwalkthe7milesacrosstowneverySundaynighttogetonegoodmealaweekattheHareKrishnatemple.Ilovedit.AndmuchofwhatIstumbledintobyfollowingmycuriosityandintuitionturnedouttobepricelesslateron.Letmegiveyouoneexample.ReedCollegeatthattimeofferedperhapsthebestcalligraphyinstructioninthecountry.Throughoutthecampuseveryposter,everylabeloneverydrawer,wasbeautifulhandcalligraphed.BecauseIhaddroppedoutanddidn'thavetotakethenormalclasses,Idecidedtotakeacalligraphyclasstolearnhowtodothis.Ilearnedaboutserifandsanseriftypefaces,knewaboutvaryingtheamountofspacebetweendifferentlettercombinations,andwhatmakesgreattypographygreater.Itwasbeautiful,historical,artisticallysubtleinawaythatsciencecan'tcapture,andIfounditfascinating.Noneofthishadevenahopeofanypracticalapplicationinmylife.Buttenyearslater,whenweweredesigningthefirstMacintoshcomputer,itallcamebacktome.AndwedesigneditallintotheMac.Itwasthefirstcomputerwithbeautifultypography.IfIhadneverdroppedinonthatsinglecourseincollege,theMacwouldhaveneverhadmultipletypefacesorproportionallyspacedfonts.AndsinceWindowsjustcopiedtheMac,itslikelythatnopersonalcomputerwouldhavethem.IfIhadneverdroppedout,Iwouldhaveneverdroppedinonthiscalligraphyclass,andpersonalcomputersmightnothavethewonderfultypographythattheydo.Ofcourse,itwasimpossibletoconnectthedotslookingforwardwhenIwasincollege.Butitwasvery,veryclearlookingbackwardstenyearslater.Again,youcan'tconnectthedotslookingforward,youcanonlyconnectthemlookingbackwards.Soyouhavetotrustthatthedotswillsomehowconnectinyourfuture.Youhavetotrustinsomething-yourgut,destiny,life,karma,whatever.Thisapproachhasneverletmedown,andithasmadeallthedifferenceinmylife.Mysecondstoryisaboutloveandloss.Iwaslucky-IfoundwhatIlovedtodoearlyinlife.WozandIstartedAppleinmyparentsgaragewhenIwas20.Weworkedhard,andin10yearsApplehadgrownfromjustthetwoofusinagarageintoa$2billioncompanywithover4000employees.Wehadjustreleasedourfinestcreation-theMacintosh-ayearearlier,andIhadjustturned30.AndthenIgotfired.Howcanyougetfiredfromacompanyyoustarted?Well,asApplegrewwehiredsomeonewhoIthoughtwasverytalentedtorunthecompanywithme,andforthefirstyearorsothingswentwell.Butthenourvisionsofthefuturebegantodivergeandeventuallywehadafallingout.Whenwedid,ourBoardofDirectorssidedwithhim.Soat30yearsold,Iwasout,andverypubliclyout.Whathadbeenthefocusofmyentireadultlifewasgone,anditwasdevastating.Ireallydidn'tknowwhattodoforafewmonths.IfeltthatIhadletthepreviousgenerationofentrepreneursdown―thatIhaddroppedthebatonasitwasbeingpassedtome.ImetwithDavidPackardandBobNoyceandtriedtoapologizeforscrewingupsobadly.Iwasaverypublicfailure,andIeventhoughtaboutrunningawayfromthevalley.Butsomethingslowlybegantodawnonme-IstilllovedwhatIdid.TheturnofeventsatApplehadnotchangedthatonebit.Ihadbeenrejected,butIwasstillinlove.AndsoIdecidedtostartover.Ididn'tseeitthen,butitturnedoutthatgettingfiredfromApplewasthebestthingthatcouldhaveeverhappenedtome.Theheavinessofbeingasuccessorwasreplacedbythelightnessofbeingabeginneragain,lesssureabouteverything.Itfreedmetoenteroneofthemostcreativeperiodsofmylife.Duringthenextfiveyears,IstartedacompanynamedNeXT,anothercompanynamedPixar,andfellinlovewithanamazingwomanwhowouldbecomemywife.Pixarwentontocreatetheworldsfirstcomputeranimatedfeaturefilm,ToyStory,andisnowthemostsuccessfulanimationstudiointheworld.Inaremarkableturnofevents,AppleboughtNeXT,IreturnedtoApple,andthetechnologywedevelopedatNeXTisattheheartofApple'scurrentrenaissance.AndLaureneandIhaveawonderfulfamilytogether.I'mprettysurenoneofthiswouldhavehappenedifIhadn'tbeenfiredfromApple.Itwasawfultastingmedicine,butIguessthepatientneededit.Sometimeslifehitsyouintheheadwithabrick.Don'tlosefaith.I'mconvincedthattheonlythingthatkeptmegoingonwasthatIlovedwhatIdid.You'vegottofindwhatyoulove.Andthatisastrueforyourworkasitisforyourlovers.Yourworkisgoingtofillalargepartofyourlife,andtheonlywaytobetrulysatisfiedistodowhatyoubelieveisgreatwork.Andtheonlywaytodogreatworkistolovewhatyoudo.Ifyouhaven'tfoundityet,keeplooking.Don'tsettle.Aswithallmattersoftheheart,you'llknowwhenyoufindit.And,likeanygreatrelationship,itjustgetsbetterandbetterastheyearsrollon.Sokeeplookinguntilyoufindit.Don'tsettle.Mythirdstoryisaboutdeath.WhenIwas17,Ireadaquotethatwentsomethingl

溫馨提示

  • 1. 本站所有資源如無特殊說明,都需要本地電腦安裝OFFICE2007和PDF閱讀器。圖紙軟件為CAD,CAXA,PROE,UG,SolidWorks等.壓縮文件請(qǐng)下載最新的WinRAR軟件解壓。
  • 2. 本站的文檔不包含任何第三方提供的附件圖紙等,如果需要附件,請(qǐng)聯(lián)系上傳者。文件的所有權(quán)益歸上傳用戶所有。
  • 3. 本站RAR壓縮包中若帶圖紙,網(wǎng)頁(yè)內(nèi)容里面會(huì)有圖紙預(yù)覽,若沒有圖紙預(yù)覽就沒有圖紙。
  • 4. 未經(jīng)權(quán)益所有人同意不得將文件中的內(nèi)容挪作商業(yè)或盈利用途。
  • 5. 人人文庫(kù)網(wǎng)僅提供信息存儲(chǔ)空間,僅對(duì)用戶上傳內(nèi)容的表現(xiàn)方式做保護(hù)處理,對(duì)用戶上傳分享的文檔內(nèi)容本身不做任何修改或編輯,并不能對(duì)任何下載內(nèi)容負(fù)責(zé)。
  • 6. 下載文件中如有侵權(quán)或不適當(dāng)內(nèi)容,請(qǐng)與我們聯(lián)系,我們立即糾正。
  • 7. 本站不保證下載資源的準(zhǔn)確性、安全性和完整性, 同時(shí)也不承擔(dān)用戶因使用這些下載資源對(duì)自己和他人造成任何形式的傷害或損失。

最新文檔

評(píng)論

0/150

提交評(píng)論