河南省TOP二十名校2024屆高三下學(xué)期4月沖刺英語(yǔ)試卷（解析版）（一）

高級(jí)中學(xué)名校試卷PAGEPAGE1河南省TOP二十名校2024屆高三下學(xué)期4月沖刺（一）英語(yǔ)試卷第一部分聽(tīng)力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。1.HowwillLilygotoLondon?A.Bytaxi.B.Byear.C.Byair.2.Whatisthewomanprobably?A.Acleaner.B.Ahotelattendant.C.Ashopassistant.3.Whatwouldthewomanliketochoose?A.Ahalf-daytour.B.Afull-daytour.C.Anighttour.4.Whatdoesthemansuggestthewomando?A.Attendatrainingclass.B.Learnfromhersister.C.Buyaguitar.5.WhichplaceinNewYorkintereststhemanmost?A.TheStatueofLiberty.B.TimesSquare.C.Broadway.第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽(tīng)完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽(tīng)第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.Whatistheposterabout?A.Friendship.B.Environment.C.Language.7.Howdoesthemanfeelabouthisdoingtheproject?A.Satisfied.B.Amazed.C.Nervous.聽(tīng)第7段材料，回答第8至10題。8.WhichprogramcanHenryjoin?A.JuniorCamp.B.VarsityCamp.C.UpperCamp.9.WhatsportdoesHenrylove?A.Skating.B.Swimming.C.Playingbasketball.10.What’stheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Neighbors.B.Motherandson.C.Husbandandwife.聽(tīng)第8段材料，回答第11至13題。11.Whatisthewomandoing?A.Planningabeachholiday.B.Interviewingacustomer.C.Makingacomplaint.12.Whywasthemandissatisfiedwiththefirsthotel?A.Itwastoonoisyoutside.B.Itdidn’tofferbreakfast.C.Itwasn’tnearabeach.13.Wheredidthemanliveforthesecondnight?A.InMoonHotel.B.InWhiteHotel.C.InSevenCloudHotel.聽(tīng)第9段材料，回答第14至17題。14.WhatdoesthewomanparticularlywantAmytodo?A.Havefun.B.Learnsomethingnew.C.Makesomenewfriends.15.WhatdoweknowaboutCampApplause?A.Childrenovertencanjoinit.B.ItisalittlefarfromAmy’shouse.C.Therearenoswimmingclasses.16.Whatwillthecouplehavetopayextrafor?A.AT-shirt.B.Meals.C.Accommodation.17.Whatwillthemandonext?A.Cookdinner.B.PickupAmy.C.Buyvegetables.聽(tīng)第10段材料，回答第18至20題。18.Howdidthecustomersoundwhilementioninghiswife?A.Delightedandcaring.B.Sorrowfulandproud.C.Patientandcurious.19.Whathappenedtothespeakeroneday?A.Shewasthoughthighlyof.B.Shewasinvitedtoplaygolf.C.Shewasadvertisedforacourse.20.Whatdoesthespeakerwanttotellus?A.Loveyourwife.B.Listentoothersmore.C.TreatcustomerslikeGod.第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。ABestOverall:LectroFanEVOSoundMachineWhyYouShouldGetItThiscompact,stylish,andaffordablewhitenoisemachineisveryeasytouse.Withatimer,aheadphoneconnector,andalargerangeofsounds,you’llbeabletofindtherightsetupforyou.That’swhereitcomesintomaskallthatunwantedenvironmentalnoise—orlackof—soyoucangetmorerest.KeepinMindThedeviceisn’tbattery-operated,soit’llneedtostaypluggedintoapowersource.Itdoeseverythingyouneeditto,andthensome,foraveryreasonableprice.Itplaysnon-repeatingdigitalnoiseinarangeofcolors:Ithas10fansounds,10environmentalnoisesounds—includingpinkandbrownnoise,andtwooceansoundscapes.Thedeviceissupersimpletouse,andonceyou’vepickedyourfavoritetypeofnoise,itwillbesavedinthesettings,andthemachinewillautoplaythatsoundeachtimeyouturniton.Thespeakerproducesaclearandcrispsound,andthere’sawidevolumerange.Italsocomeswithanoptionaltimeryoucansetbetweenonetoeighthours,orplaycontinuously,plusa3.5mmconnectorforheadphonesifyourpartnerisn’tquiteaskeenonwhitenoiseasyouare.It’scompactenoughtotraveleverywherewithyou,andaswhitenoisemachinesgo,itlooksprettygood,too.Itcertainlywon’tlookoutofplaceonyourbedsidetable.YoucanpowertheLectroFanEVOviaUSBortheincludedA/Cadaptor,butitdoesn’thaveaninternalbattery,soitdoesneedtobepluggedin.Priceattimeofpublish:$35ProductDetails:Dimensions:It’s4.7incheslongand3.3inchesinheight.Itswidthisthesameasitslength.|Soundoptions:22|Timer:Yes|Power:Plug-in1.Whatisthedevicementionedusedtodo?A.Avoidnoises. B.Enjoynature. C.Helpsleepwell. D.Listentomusic.2.Whatdoweknowaboutthedevicefromthetext?A.Itworkswithbatteries. B.Itdoesn’tdisturbothers.C.Ithasonenaturenoise. D.Itstimer’ssetupisfixed.3.Howwideisthedevice?A.3.3inches. B.4.7inches. C.6.8inches. D.10inches.〖答案〗1.C2.B3.B【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。主要介紹了LectroFanEVOSoundMachine設(shè)備的優(yōu)點(diǎn)、價(jià)格等?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)WhyYouShouldGetIt部分中“That’swhereitcomesintomaskallthatunwantedenvironmentalnoise—orlackof—soyoucangetmorerest.(這就是它的作用，它可以掩蓋所有不需要的環(huán)境噪音——或者缺乏噪音——這樣你就可以得到更多的休息)”可知，這款設(shè)備可以讓你睡得更好。故選C?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)KeepinMind部分中“Italsocomeswithanoptionaltimeryoucansetbetweenonetoeighthours,orplaycontinuously,plusa3.5mmconnectorforheadphonesifyourpartnerisn’tquiteaskeenonwhitenoiseasyouare.(它還有一個(gè)可選的定時(shí)器，你可以設(shè)置在1到8小時(shí)之間，或者連續(xù)播放，如果你的伴侶不像你那么喜歡白噪音，它還有一個(gè)3.5毫米的耳機(jī)接口)”可知，該設(shè)備有一個(gè)3.5毫米的耳機(jī)接口，可以避免干擾別人。故選B?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)ProductDetails部分中“It’s4.7incheslongand3.3inchesinheight.Itswidthisthesameasitslength.(它長(zhǎng)4.7英寸，高3.3英寸。它的寬度和長(zhǎng)度是一樣的)”可知，此設(shè)備的寬度和長(zhǎng)度一樣，是4.7英寸。故選B。BAtjust14yearsold,HemanBekelebecametheNicoleofthe20233MYoungScientistChallenge,standingoutamongnineotherfinalistswithhiscreativeinventionknownastheSkinCancerTreatingSoap(肥皂).Anrecognitionofhisexceptionalachievement,thisninth-gradteenagerissettoreceiveacashawardof$25,000.Bekele’srevolutionaryconcept,presentedthroughabrieftwo-minutevideo,centersonthedevelopmentofasoapthatisnotonlyaffordable,pricedatlessthan$10perbar,butalsohasthepotentialtoreactivate(重新激活)dendriticcells—thebody’snaturaldefendersoftheskin—tofightagainstskincancer.InBekele’sownwords,“Curingcancer,onebarofsoapatatime.”ispassionforbiologyandtechnologywasthedrivingforcebehindthisingeniouscreation,andthe3MYoungScientistChallengeprovidedhimwiththeperfectplatformtoshowcasehisvisionaryideas.Reflectingonhisinspiration,BekelesharedthathischildhoodinEthiopiaplayedasignificantroleinshapinghiscreativethinking.Havingwitnessedpeopleworktirelesslyundertheburningsun,hecouldn’thelpbutwonderhowmanywereawareoftherisksassociatedwithprolongedsunexposure.“Iwantedtomakemyideanotonlyscientificallyexceptionalbutalsoaccessibletoabroadaudience,”BekeleexpressedduringaninterviewwithTheWashingtonPost.Toaidhiminrealizinghisbigplans,hereceivedinvaluableguidancefromDeborahIsabelle,aproductengineeringspecialistat3M,whoconnectedhimwithotherscientists.Eventually,thepathforwardforBekele’screationincludesobtainingFDAapproval.Duringhispresentationatthe3MglobalheadquartersinSaintPaul,Minnesota,Bekelepassionatelyarticulatedhisvisionofturningthesoapintoa“symbolofhope,accessibility,andaworldwhereskincancertreatmentiswithinreachforall”.Overthecomingfiveyears,Bekelelongstoperfecthisinventionandestablishanon-profitorganizationdedicatedtodistributinghisinnovativecreationtounder-servedcommunities,offeringhopeandapracticalsolutioninthefightagainstskincancer.4.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“Nicole”meaninparagraph1?A.Hero B.Winner. C.Example. D.Specialist.5.HowdidBekelegettheideaofhisinvention?A.Hewasguidedbyrelevantexperts. B.Hewatchedavideoaboutscience.C.Hesawpeopleworkinthehotsun D.Hedealtwithscientistsinthefield.6.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeBekele?A.Giftedandreliable B.Creativeandadaptable.C.Humbleandenthusiastic D.Caringandambitious7.Whatisthetextprobably?A.Achildren’sstory. B.Amedicalpaper. C.Anewsreport. D.Adiaryentry.〖答案〗4.B5.C6.D7.C【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇新聞報(bào)道。主要講述了年僅14歲的HemanBekele憑借他的創(chuàng)新發(fā)明—抗皮膚癌肥皂，從其他九名決賽入圍者中脫穎而出、成為2023年3M青年科學(xué)家挑戰(zhàn)賽的冠軍?！?題詳析】詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)劃線詞后文“standingoutamongnineotherfinalistswithhiscreativeinventionknownastheSkinCancerTreatingSoap”可知，年僅14歲的HemanBekele憑借他的創(chuàng)新發(fā)明——抗皮膚癌肥皂，從其他九名決賽入圍者中脫穎而出，成為2023年3M青年科學(xué)家挑戰(zhàn)賽的贏家。故劃線詞意思是“贏家”。故選B。【5題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“Reflectingonhisinspiration,BekelesharedthathischildhoodinEthiopiaplayedasignificantroleinshapinghiscreativethinking.Havingwitnessedpeopleworktirelesslyundertheburningsun,hecouldn’thelpbutwonderhowmanywereawareoftherisksassociatedwithprolongedsunexposure.(回顧他的靈感，貝克勒分享了他在埃塞俄比亞的童年在塑造他的創(chuàng)造性思維方面發(fā)揮了重要作用。目睹人們?cè)诹胰障虏恢＞氲毓ぷ鳎唤胫烙卸嗌偃艘庾R(shí)到長(zhǎng)時(shí)間暴露在陽(yáng)光下的風(fēng)險(xiǎn))”可知，當(dāng)Bekele在童年時(shí)目睹了在烈日下不知疲倦地工作的人們時(shí)、他有了發(fā)明抗皮膚癌肥皇的想法。故選C?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段中““Iwantedtomakemyideanotonlyscientificallyexceptionalbutalsoaccessibletoabroadaudience,”BekeleexpressedduringaninterviewwithTheWashingtonPost.(貝克勒在接受《華盛頓郵報(bào)》采訪時(shí)表示:“我不僅想讓我的想法在科學(xué)上與眾不同，而且想讓廣大觀眾都能接受?！?”以及最后一段“Overthecomingfiveyears,Bekelelongstoperfecthisinventionandestablishanon-profitorganizationdedicatedtodistributinghisinnovativecreationtounder-servedcommunities,offeringhopeandapracticalsolutioninthefightagainstskincancer.(在接下來(lái)的五年里，Bekele渴望完善他的發(fā)明，并建立一個(gè)非營(yíng)利組織，致力于將他的創(chuàng)新發(fā)明分發(fā)給服務(wù)不足的社區(qū)，為抗擊皮膚癌提供希望和實(shí)用的解決方案)”可知，Bekele是一位充滿愛(ài)心和雄心勃勃的人。故選D。【7題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Atjust14yearsold,HemanBekelebecametheNicoleofthe20233MYoungScientistChallenge,standingoutamongnineotherfinalistswithhiscreativeinventionknownastheSkinCancerTreatingSoap(肥皂).Anrecognitionofhisexceptionalachievement,thisninth-gradeteenagerissettoreceiveacashawardof$25,000.(年僅14歲的赫曼·貝克勒成為2023年3M青年科學(xué)家挑戰(zhàn)賽的Nicole，憑借其創(chuàng)造性的發(fā)明——皮膚癌治療皂，從其他九名決賽選手中脫穎而出。為了表彰他的杰出成就，這位九年級(jí)少年將獲得2.5萬(wàn)美元的現(xiàn)金獎(jiǎng)勵(lì))”可知，文章首段為報(bào)道的主題、下文具體介紹了背景、細(xì)節(jié)等，故本文可能是一篇新聞報(bào)道。故選C。CHaveyoueverleftthehousewithoutajacketonawarmday,onlytoregretoverestimatingyourfreezingweathertolerance?Insteadofdashingbackhomeforyourcoat,theremaycometimeinthenearfuturewhenyousimplyuseanapptocontrolyourclothing’slevelofinsulation(隔熱).CreatedbyresearchersatMassachusettsInstituteofTechnology(MIT).FibeRoboischeap,programmable,shape-changingsmartfiberreliantonaliquidcrystalelastomer(LCE).Amongtheuses,clothingfiledwiththenewLCEfibercouldadjustthestructuretobecomemoreinsulatedincoldertemperatures,andviceversaforwarmerweather.Withanadditionalabilitytocombinewithelectricallyconductivethreads,awearercoulddirectlycontroltheirFibeRoboclothingormedicalwearableslikecompressionclothingviawirelessinputsfromacontrollerorsmartphone.Asdetailedinarecentinstituteprofile,LCEsarecomposedofmolecules(分子)possessingliquid-likepropertiesthatcanalsoarrangeintoperiodiccrystalformationsoncecool.Importantly,theteam’snewLCEcanbeflexiblebetweenitsphasesatsafe,comfortabletemperaturelevels—anindustryfirst.Theresultisafibercapableofcontractingwhenexposedtoheat,andself-reversingastemperaturesdropwithoutanyexternalsensorsorinterwovencomponents.What’smore,FibeRoboisflexibleandstrongenoughtousewithintraditionalmanufacturingmethodslikeembroidery,weavinglooms,andknittingmachines.“Attheendoftheday,youdon’twantatop-classfiber.”JackForman,anMITgraduatestudentandpaperleadauthor,saidinastatement.“Youwantafiberthat,whenyouareworkingwithit,fallsintothegatheringofmaterials—onethatyoucanworkwithjustlikeanyotherfibermaterial,butthenithasalotofexcitingnewcapabilities.”Whilemanycurrentsmarttextile(紡織品)projectsaretryingtoreinventhowapersoncaninteractwiththeirclothing,theseclothingenterprisesperhapsmayonedayexpandthenumberofclothesinyourcloset.Meanwhile,thisnewestversionmayactuallydownsizeyourwardrobe.8.Whatdoestheauthorintendtodoinparagraph1?A.Offersomeexamplestoprove.B.Leadthereaderstothetopic.C.ProvidebackgroundinformationD.Summarizethemainideaofthetext.9.WhatisspecialabouttheLCE?A.Itisshape-changing.B.Itcontainsliquid.C.Itiswearable.D.Itischeap.10.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetotheclothingwithFibeRobo?A.Unconcerned.B.DoubtfulC.Opposed.D.Hopeful.11.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.FibeRobo:aSmartFiberB.LCEs:UniqueMoleculesC.ACreativeApplicationD.ANew-StyleEnterprise〖答案〗8.B9.A10.D11.A【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了麻省理工學(xué)院的研究人員發(fā)明的一種依賴于液晶彈性體的廉價(jià)、可控制、可變形的智能纖維FibeRobo?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中的問(wèn)題“Haveyoueverleftthehousewithoutajacketonawarmday,onlytoregretoverestimatingyourfreezingweathertolerance?(你是否曾經(jīng)在一個(gè)溫暖的日子里沒(méi)穿外套就出門(mén)了，結(jié)果卻后悔高估了自己對(duì)寒冷天氣的耐受力?)”和下文“Insteadofdashingbackhomeforyourcoat,theremaycometimeinthenearfuturewhenyousimplyuseanapptocontrolyourclothing’slevelofinsulation(隔熱).(在不久的將來(lái)，你可能不需要急匆匆地回家拿外套，只需要使用一款應(yīng)用程序就可以控制衣服的隔熱水平)”可推知，作者在第一段中用一個(gè)問(wèn)題來(lái)為讀者引入文章的話題。故選B項(xiàng)。【9題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“Importantly,theteam’snewLCEcanbeflexiblebetweenitsphasesatsafe,comfortabletemperaturelevels—anindustryfirst.(重要的是，該團(tuán)隊(duì)的新型LCE可以在安全、舒適的溫度水平下靈活地在各個(gè)階段之間切換，這是業(yè)界首創(chuàng))”和第四段中“Theresultisafibercapableofcontractingwhenexposedtoheat,andself-reversingastemperaturesdropwithoutanyexternalsensorsorinterwovencomponents.(其結(jié)果是，這種纖維在受熱時(shí)能夠收縮，在溫度下降時(shí)能夠自我逆轉(zhuǎn)，而無(wú)需任何外部傳感器或交織組件)”可知，LCE的特別之處在于它可以隨著溫度改變形狀。故選A項(xiàng)?！?0題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中“FibeRoboischeap,programmable,shape-changingsmartfiberreliantonaliquidcrystalelastomer(LCE).(FibeRobo是一種廉價(jià)、可編程、可變形的智能纖維，它依賴于液晶彈性體)”、第四段中“What’smore,FibeRoboisflexibleandstrongenoughtousewithintraditionalmanufacturingmethodslikeembroidery,weavinglooms,andknittingmachines.(更重要的是，F(xiàn)ibeRobo足夠靈活和堅(jiān)固，可以在傳統(tǒng)的制造方法中使用，如刺繡、織布機(jī)和編織機(jī))”和最后一段中“Meanwhile,thisnewestversionmayactuallydownsizeyourwardrobe.(與此同時(shí)，這個(gè)最新版本可能會(huì)縮小你的衣櫥)”可推知，作者盡數(shù)了FibeRobo的優(yōu)點(diǎn)，故對(duì)以它為材料的服飾寄予希望。故選D項(xiàng)?！?1題詳析】主旨大意題。通讀全文，尤其結(jié)合第二段中“CreatedbyresearchersatMassachusettsInstituteofTechnology(MIT).

FibeRoboischeap,programmable,shape-changingsmartfiberreliantonaliquidcrystalelastomer(LCE).(由麻省理工學(xué)院(MIT)的研究人員創(chuàng)造。FibeRobo是一種廉價(jià)、可編程、可變形的智能纖維，它依賴于液晶彈性體)”可知，本文主要介紹了麻省理工學(xué)院的研究人員發(fā)明的一種依賴于液晶彈性體的廉價(jià)、可控制、可變形的智能纖維FibeRobo，故“FibeRobo:aSmartFiber(FibeRobo：智能纖維)”是最佳標(biāo)題。故選A項(xiàng)。DAnoveralltransformationisneededfortheplanettoadaptpeople’spursuitofwell-being.AnewstudybyaninternationalteamofresearchersexploresaTheoryofPlanetarySocialPedagogyasadriverofatransformativeprocessbasedonalearningsociety.TheTheoryofPlanetarySocialPedagogyisawayoflearningapplicabletoallsocietalsectors.Accordingtoit,people,societiesandtheworldareaninterlinked,systemicbody.Suchaworldviewcanmakelifemeaningful,increasepeople’sexperiencesofbelongingandinclusion,expandthescopeofcare,andhelppeopleidentifytheiropportunitiestoinfluence.Inatimemarkedbycrises,learningtobeonewiththeworldisincreasinglyessential.Inmanyways,oureverydaylivesarelinkedwithallotherlifeonEarth.AccordingtoProfessorArtoO.SalonenoftheUniversityofEasternFinland,thestudy’sleadauthor,themostimportantreasonbehindtheupgrading(升級(jí))planetarycrisesispeople’sbeingseparatedfromtheirsurroundingreality.Hesays,“Aswetryforacomprehensivesustainabilitytransition(轉(zhuǎn)變),weneedincreasinglypowerfulandmoresystemicinterpretationsofreality.”Thecurrentstrategyforasustainablefutureemphasizeseconomicandtechnologicalprogress，butthatisnotenough.Learningisneeded,too.Alearningsocietyreliesonchangesinitscitizens’values,beliefsandworldviews.“Howwebecomeawareofoureverydayconnectiontootherpeopleandnatureatthelevelofouremotions,bodyandmindstandsatthecoreofthesustainabilitytransition,”saysErkkaLaininen,aco-authorofthestudy.Havinganexperienceofbelongingtoandbeingpartoftheworldstrengthenspeople’ssenseofmeaningfulnessandtheiragencyneededinbuildingasustainablefuture.Thetransformativepowerofalearningsocietycanbeakeyfactorinthegreentransformationgoingintoallsociety,inwhichcitizens’consumerbehaviourandwaysofliving,movingandproducingfoodandenergyareorganizedinnewways.Conceptionsofworkandtheeconomycanbereformed,too.Asustainablefutureisnotaboutlifebecomingmoremiserable—it’saboutlifebecomingricherandmoremeaningfulashopeforthefuturegrowsstronger.12.WhyisTheoryofPlanetarySocialPedagogymentioned?A.Tostresslearningtobeonewiththeworld.B.Tosuggestreformingcitizens’waysofliving.C.Todescribehowthetheoryisbeingimproved.D.Totellifasustainablefutureissignificant.13.WhatisthemainreasonforincreasingglobalcrisesaccordingtoProfessorSalonen?A.Theplanetisreachingitslimits.B.Humansbreakawayfromthereality.C.Oldideasofwell-beingarebeingquestioned.D.Progressineconomyandtechnologyisunbalanced.14.Whatcanweconcludefromthetext?A.Asustainablefutureisbasedonalearningsociety.B.Humans,societiesandtheworldwereconnectedmore.C.Endingthepresentstrategyforfutureisneeded.D.Globalcriseshaveresultedinwrongworldviews.15.Howdoestheauthorsupportthethemeofthetext?A.Byintroducingatheory. B.Bymakingacomparison.C.Byusingresearchers’arguments. D.Byprovidingstudyprocesses.〖答案〗12.A13.B14.A15.C【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇議論文。主要探討了在一個(gè)充滿全球危機(jī)的時(shí)代，學(xué)會(huì)與世界融為一體變得越來(lái)越重要，而可持續(xù)的未來(lái)要建立在學(xué)習(xí)型社會(huì)的基礎(chǔ)上。【12題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段“TheTheoryofPlanetarySocialPedagogyisawayoflearningapplicabletoallsocietalsectors.Accordingtoit,people,societiesandtheworldareaninterlinked,systemicbody.Suchaworldviewcanmakelifemeaningful,increasepeople’sexperiencesofbelongingandinclusion,expandthescopeofcare,andhelppeopleidentifytheiropportunitiestoinfluence.(行星社會(huì)教育學(xué)理論是一種適用于所有社會(huì)部門(mén)的學(xué)習(xí)方式。根據(jù)該理論，人、社會(huì)和世界是一個(gè)相互關(guān)聯(lián)的系統(tǒng)性整體。這樣的世界觀可以讓生活更有意義，增加人們的歸屬感和包容感，擴(kuò)大關(guān)懷的范圍，并幫助人們發(fā)現(xiàn)自身的影響力機(jī)會(huì)。)”和文章第三段“Inatimemarkedbycrises,learningtobeonewiththeworldisincreasinglyessential.(在一個(gè)充滿危機(jī)的時(shí)代，學(xué)會(huì)與世界融為一體變得越來(lái)越重要。)”可推知，文章提及行星社會(huì)教育學(xué)理論的目的是強(qiáng)調(diào)學(xué)會(huì)與世界融為一體。故選A?！?3題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段“themostimportantreasonbehindtheupgrading(升級(jí))planetarycrisesispeople’sbeingseparatedfromtheirsurroundingreality(行星危機(jī)升級(jí)背后最重要的原因是人們與周?chē)F(xiàn)實(shí)的脫節(jié))”可知，ProfessorSalonen認(rèn)為全球危機(jī)不斷上升背后的主要原因是人們脫離周?chē)F(xiàn)實(shí)。故選B?！?4題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)全文，尤其是后四段可知，我們處在一個(gè)充滿全球危機(jī)的時(shí)代，學(xué)會(huì)與世界融為一體變得越來(lái)越重要，而可持續(xù)發(fā)展的未來(lái)需要人類(lèi)不斷學(xué)習(xí)，即可持續(xù)的未來(lái)要建立在學(xué)習(xí)型社會(huì)的基礎(chǔ)上。故選A?！?5題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第三段“AccordingtoProfessorArtoO.SalonenoftheUniversityofEasternFinland,thestudy’sleadauthor,themostimportantreasonbehindtheupgrading(升級(jí))planetarycrisesispeople’sbeingseparatedfromtheirsurroundingreality.(該研究的主要作者、東芬蘭大學(xué)的阿爾托·O·薩洛寧教授表示，地球危機(jī)升級(jí)背后最重要的原因是人們與周?chē)默F(xiàn)實(shí)環(huán)境分離。)”、第四段“Hesays,“Aswetryforacomprehensivesustainabilitytransition(轉(zhuǎn)變),weneedincreasinglypowerfulandmoresystemicinterpretationsofreality.”(他說(shuō):“當(dāng)我們嘗試全面的可持續(xù)轉(zhuǎn)型時(shí)，我們需要對(duì)現(xiàn)實(shí)進(jìn)行越來(lái)越有力和更系統(tǒng)的解釋?！?”和第五段““Howwebecomeawareofoureverydayconnectiontootherpeopleandnatureatthelevelofouremotions,bodyandmindstandsatthecoreofthesustainabilitytransition,”saysErkkaLaininen,aco-authorofthestudy.(該研究的合著者ErkkaLaininen說(shuō):“我們?nèi)绾卧谇楦?、身體和思想的層面上意識(shí)到我們與他人和自然的日常聯(lián)系，這是可持續(xù)轉(zhuǎn)型的核心?！?”可推知，作者主要通過(guò)引述研究者的相關(guān)論述來(lái)說(shuō)明主題，即可持續(xù)的未來(lái)要建立在學(xué)習(xí)型社會(huì)的基礎(chǔ)上。故選C。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Whenyouhavemanytaskstoaccomplishonagivenday,thereareafewdifferentapproachesyoucantaketokick-startyourproductivity.Youcan“eatthefrog”,thatis,youcangetyourhardest,mostdemandingresponsibilityoutofthewaybeforeanythingelse.____16____Here’swhythatmightbeabetterfitforyou.Whenyoueatthefrogandtakeonadifficulttaskrightaway,youaresupposedtofocusonitabsorbedlyandgetitalldone.Theproblemwiththatisthesmaller,boringresponsibilitiesarestuckinyourhead.____17____Knockingthoseoutfirstcouldclearthepathyouneedtoreallygetintodeepworkwhenit’stimetodosomethingmorechallengingortime-consuming.Ingeneral,thetaskyou’rescaredorprocrastinating(拖延的)onthemostisprobablytheonethat’sgoingtotakethemosteffort.____18____I’mgreatatfocusingonbigprojectsandterribleatdoingthelittletasks.Icansitdowntowritealongessay,butsometimeswillputoffaonerforweeks,onlytorealizeittookmeallof15minutestocomplete.Thekeytoselectingasmalltasktodofirsteverydayisidentifyingoneyouknowwillbeeasy,butwillresultinsomekindofrewardfeelinginyourbrain.Whetherit’seasyornotdoesn’tmatteraslongasyou’llfeelgoodwhenit’sover.___19______20___UseasystemliketheEisenhowermatrixorKanbantofigureoutwhatyouactuallyneedtodo,thenselectsomethingfromthatcategorythatyou’llbeabletogetdonequicklyandefficiently,getitoutoftheway,andbaskintheaccomplishmentasyoumoveforwardwithyourdayanditsmoredifficultdemands.A.Butthatdoesn’talwayshavetobetrue.B.Ontheotherhand,youcouldpickoutsomethingespeciallyeasyfirst.C.Thisalwaysmakesitseemlikeotherbigtasksyouneedtohandlearesimple.D.Thatfeelingofaccomplishmentcanbelargeandcanendyourdaywithaneasywin.E.Youmaynotbeabletofocusifyou’repreoccupiedwithabunchofotherlittlethings.F.Andpickingsomethingyoudon’texactlywanttodoisaneasywaytomakesurethathappens.G.Beyondthat,youshouldmakeahabitofsortingyourresponsibilitiesbytimelinessandimportance.〖答案〗16.B17.E18.A19.F20.G【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。主要介紹了當(dāng)你在某一天有很多任務(wù)要完成時(shí)，先做一些特別簡(jiǎn)單的事情對(duì)你來(lái)說(shuō)可能更合適。【16題詳析】上文“Youcan“eatthefrog”,thatis,youcangetyourhardest,mostdemandingresponsibilityoutofthewaybeforeanythingelse.(你可以“吃掉青蛙”，也就是說(shuō)，你可以在做任何事情之前，把你最難、最苛刻的責(zé)任放在首位)”說(shuō)明你可以先把最困難、最艱巨的任務(wù)處理掉，以及下文“Here’swhythatmightbeabetterfitforyou.(這就是為什么它可能更適合你)”中abetterfit〖提示〗空處應(yīng)與上文形成對(duì)比，B項(xiàng)“另一方面，你可以先挑選一些特別容易的東西?！背猩蠁⑾拢项}意。故選B?！?7題詳析】上文“Theproblemwiththatisthesmaller,boringresponsibilitiesarestuckinyourhead.(這樣做的問(wèn)題是，那些瑣碎無(wú)聊的責(zé)任一直縈繞在你的腦海中)”說(shuō)明會(huì)有一些小事情干擾你，以及下文“Knockingthoseoutfirstcouldclearthepathyouneedtoreallygetintodeepworkwhenit’stimetodosomethingmorechallengingortime-consuming.(當(dāng)你需要做一些更具挑戰(zhàn)性或更耗時(shí)的事情時(shí)，先把它們剔除可以為你真正深入工作掃清道路)”說(shuō)明要把這些小事情排除在外，為你真正進(jìn)入深度工作掃清道路，E項(xiàng)“如果你全神貫注于一堆其他小事，你可能無(wú)法集中注意力。”說(shuō)明這些小事情的壞處，即會(huì)讓你無(wú)法集中注意力，并引出下文的具體做法，符合題意。故選E?！?8題詳析】上文“Ingeneral,thetaskyou’rescaredorprocrastinatingonthemostisprobablytheonethat’sgoingtotakethemosteffort.(一般來(lái)說(shuō)，你最害怕或拖延的任務(wù)可能是花費(fèi)最多精力的任務(wù))”以及下文“I’mgreatatfocusingonbigprojectsandterribleatdoingthelittletasks.Icansitdowntowritealongessay,butsometimeswillputoffaonerforweeks,onlytorealizeittookmeallof15minutestocomplete.(我擅長(zhǎng)專(zhuān)注于大項(xiàng)目，而不擅長(zhǎng)做小任務(wù)。我可以坐下來(lái)寫(xiě)一篇長(zhǎng)文，但有時(shí)我會(huì)把一篇論文拖上幾個(gè)星期，最后才意識(shí)到我花了整整15分鐘才完成)”舉例說(shuō)明自己善于把最害怕或最容易拖延的任務(wù)很快完成，該例子說(shuō)明上文表達(dá)的最害怕或最拖延的任務(wù)可能是最需要花費(fèi)精力的任務(wù)這一點(diǎn)并不總是正確的。A項(xiàng)“但事實(shí)并非總是如此?！币鱿挛?，符合語(yǔ)境。故選A?！?9題詳析】上文“Thekeytoselectingasmalltasktodofirsteverydayisidentifyingoneyouknowwillbeeasy,butwillresultinsomekindofrewardfeelinginyourbrain.Whetherit’seasyornotdoesn’tmatteraslongasyou’llfeelgoodwhenit’sover.(每天首先選擇一項(xiàng)小任務(wù)的關(guān)鍵是識(shí)別一項(xiàng)你知道很容易完成的任務(wù)，但會(huì)在你的大腦中產(chǎn)生某種獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)感。簡(jiǎn)單與否并不重要，只要結(jié)束后你會(huì)感覺(jué)良好即可)”說(shuō)明不管每天第一個(gè)要做的小任務(wù)是否容易，只要你在結(jié)束時(shí)感覺(jué)良好就沒(méi)關(guān)系，空處應(yīng)闡述如何做到結(jié)束小任務(wù)時(shí)有良好感覺(jué)，F(xiàn)項(xiàng)中的that指的是上文you’llfeelgoodwhenit’sover，F(xiàn)項(xiàng)“選擇一些你不想做的事情是確保這種情況發(fā)生的簡(jiǎn)單方法?！迸c上文構(gòu)成順承關(guān)系，符合題意。故選F。【20題詳析】下文“UseasystemliketheEisenhowermatrixorKanbantofigureoutwhatyouactuallyneedtodo,thenselectsomethingfromthatcategorythatyou’llbeabletogetdonequicklyandefficiently,getitoutoftheway,andbaskintheaccomplishmentasyoumoveforwardwithyourdayanditsmoredifficultdemands.(使用艾森豪威爾矩陣或看板這樣的系統(tǒng)來(lái)找出你真正需要做什么，然后從這一類(lèi)別中選擇一些你能夠快速高效地完成的事情，把它排除在外，并在你的一天和更困難的需求中享受成就)”說(shuō)明應(yīng)該養(yǎng)成按照及時(shí)性和重要性來(lái)分類(lèi)你的任務(wù)的習(xí)慣，G項(xiàng)“除此之外，你應(yīng)該養(yǎng)成一個(gè)習(xí)慣，按照及時(shí)性和重要性來(lái)劃分你的職責(zé)?！备爬ū径蝺?nèi)容，符合題意。故選G。第三部分語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Aheroicsheepdogbecamethebeacon(燈塔),ofhopeforthreetrappedewes(母羊)asitswamacrossfloodedfieldstoguidethemtosafety.LlyrDerwydd,a44-year-oldfarmeroriginatingfromtheneighboringofRuthin,foundhimselfina___21___situationonafatefulFridayafternoon.WhileconductingaroutinecheckonhissheepinFlintshire,he___22___aheartbreakingsight—threeeweswere___23___stuckonadecreasingpieceoflandwithinthefield,cutoffbythecrowdingfloodwaters.Giventhedangerousconditionsthattherisingwatersposed,itwas___24___thatarescuemissionrequiredaspecial___25___.Inthiscriticalmoment,thatheroturnedouttobenoneotherthanthequick-thinkingsheepdog,Patsy.Derwyddtoldthetenseexperience,___26___,“Werealizedweneededtoactquicklytoensurethesafetyofthetrappedewes.Thesmallpieceoflandtheywereonwasreducingrapidly,andthe___27___wasincreasing.”Ina___28___attempttorescuetheewes,hemadeadaringdecision.Withasenseofurgencyintheair,heconsideredwhetherPatsy,hisloyalsheepdog,wouldrisetothe___29___.Asilentcommandwasissued,andPatsy,withunwaveringdetermination,tookthe___30___.Itwasamoment___31___withdanger,asthetruedepthofthewaterremainedunknown.Yet,Patsy’sinbornswimmingabilitiesandstrongresolve___32___herforward.Withouthesitation,shebravedthedangerouswaterstoreachthetrappedewes.Derwydd___33___hisamazement,saying,“Iknewshewasquiteagoodswimmer;___34___,Iwouldn’thavetakenthechance.However,evenIwassurprisedbyhercourageandskill.Shedidn’t___35___down;shejustswamwithcompletedetermination.”21.A.familiar B.risky C.strange D.common22.A.madeup B.soughtfor C.putoff D.cameacross23.A.helplessly B.patiently C.tirelessly D.doubtfully24.A.possible B.similar C.obvious D.interesting25.A.sheepdog B.hero C.ewe D.farmer26.A.stating B.responding C.demanding D.clarifying27.A.curiosity B.conflict C.crisis D.attraction28.A.casual B.careless C.calm D.courageous29.A.opportunity B.choice C.appearance D.occasion30.A.dive B.lead C.place D.trip31.A.mixed B.consumed C.ended D.compared32.A.dropped