廣東省東莞市2023-2024學年高一下學期7月期末英語試題（解析版）

高級中學名校試卷PAGEPAGE1廣東省東莞市2023-2024學年高一下學期7月期末英語試題第一部分聽力(略)第二部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，每小題2.5分，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個選項(A、B、C和D)中，選出最佳選項。AIfyouareplanningatriptoBeijing,herearefourgreattoursforyoutoexplorethebeautifulcityandcolorfulChineseculture.PrivateHutongTripBeijingHutongfeelsmuchmorefunwithaprivateguidetotellitsstoriesandanswerallyourquestions.Experiencebig-ticketattractionssuchastheBellandDrumTowers,theBackLakesandYindingBridge.Alongtheway,youcantrybubbleteaandredbeandessert.Tastinglocaldimsumwillbethegreatestattractionfortourists.Price:$139Limitednumber:15travelersGreatAttractionsHittheamazingattractionsonthisdoor-to-doorprivatetour.WalkthroughhistoricBeijingHutongandvisitfourofBeijing’sbiggestattractions—theGreatWall,theSummerPalace,theForbiddenCityandtheMingTombs.Whetheryoulovehistoryorarelookingforanexcitingadventure,thistourwillgiveyouamemorableexperienceofBeijing’sbeauty.Price:$199Limitednumber:29travelersSmall-GroupTourExplorethefamousForbiddenCityandtheMutianyuGreatWall.VisittheTempleofHeaven,theSummerPalace,Tian’anmenSquareandNationalStadiuminBeijing.Besides,youwon’tmissthechancetoenjoytheuniqueperformanceofBeijingOpera.Bookinginadvanceisrequiredbeforeyourregistration.Price:$198Limitednumber:8travelersLit-UpWonderlandExploreBeijing’snighttimecharmonthisspecialtour!Asthesunsets,thecityturnsintoalit-upwonderland.YouwillgettoseefamousplaceslikeTian’anmenSquare,theBackLakesandNationalStadiuminBeijinglitupagainstthenightsky.Buttheadventuredoesn’tstopthere!Youalsohavethechancetotastethemouthwateringlocalfoodatarestaurantofyourchoice.Price:$188Limitednumber:12travelers1.WhatattractsvisitorsmostwhiletakingPrivateHutongTrip?A.Enjoyinglocaldimsum. B.Watchingeveningshows.C.Walkingthroughthewonderland. D.Exploringfamousattractions.2.Whichtourdoyouneedtobookinadvance?A.PrivateHutongTrip. B.GreatAttractions. C.Small-GroupTour. D.Lit-UpWonderland.3.Whereisthistextprobablytakenfrom?A.Anewsreport. B.Atextbook. C.Atourbrochure. D.Acourseplan.〖答案〗1.A2.C3.C【語篇解讀】這是一篇應用文。短文主要介紹了四種不同的北京旅游線路及其特色?！?題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Tastinglocaldimsumwillbethegreatestattractionfortourists.”（品嘗當?shù)氐狞c心將是游客最大的吸引力。）可知，游客在參加私人胡同游時最吸引他們的是享受當?shù)氐狞c心。故選A?！?題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第四段“Bookinginadvanceisrequiredbeforeyourregistration.”（在您注冊之前需要提前預訂。）可知，需要提前預訂的旅游線路是小團旅游。故選C?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“IfyouareplanningatriptoBeijing,herearefourgreattoursforyoutoexplorethebeautifulcityandcolorfulChineseculture.”（如果你計劃去北京旅行，這里有四條很棒的旅行路線，讓你探索這座美麗的城市和豐富多彩的中國文化。）可知，短文主要介紹了四種不同的北京旅游線路及其特色。所以短文來自旅行手冊。故選C。BDr.FritzJonesisanastronautdoctorworkingataninternationalspacecenter.Sincehewasakid,hehasalwayswantedtobeadoctorandapilot.HisdreamcametruewhenhewasadmittedintotheSpaceCenterafterhegraduatedfromamedicalcollege.Beforehestartedhiswork,hereceivedsixmonthsofextratrainingtolearnabouthowflyingaffectshumanbody.“It’snotjustaboutfeelinglightorhavingyourearspop,”heexplained.“Flyingcanmakeusfeeluncomfortable,affectourthinkingandevenchangehowmedicinesworkinsideourbody.”What’smore,astronautdoctorslikehimareexpectedtoflyaswell.Therefore,healsohashadtheexperienceofflyingdifferenttypesofhelicoptersandairplanes.Now,Dr.Jonesistakingcareofastronautswhentheygetsickorinjured.Whileastronautsareinspace,thereareadditionaleffectsontheirbodies,suchaszerogravity.Theymayfeelseasickduringtheirfirstfewdaysinspaceduetotheeffectsontheirbalancesystem.Besides,spacewalksalsopresentuniquemedicalconcerns.Asaresult,theirhealthconditionsarecloselymonitoredandtakencareofbyDr.Jonesandhismedicalteam.Atthesametime,theteamconductregularcheck-upsandprovidemedicaladviceifneeded.AfterreturningtoEarth,astronautsneeddoctorstohelpthemwiththeirhealthproblemscausedbyspacetravel.Dr.Jonesfindshisjobextremelycool,ashehelpsprepareindividualstotraveltospace,takescareofthemwhiletheyareoutthere,andwelcomesthembackhome.Andnowheevenworkswithengineerstodesignspacecraftstoensureastronautstraveltoandreturnfromspacesafely.Maybeonedayhewillbecomeanastronauthimself!4.WhatdroveDr.Jonestobecomeanastronautdoctor?A.Hischildhooddream. B.Hismedicalknowledge.C.Hisdesiretotravelinspace. D.Hisachievementsincollege.5.WhatdidDr.Jonesdobeforestartinghiswork?A.Hereceivedmedicaltreatments. B.Hepractisedspacewalkingskills.C.Helearnedtheinfluenceofflying. D.Hejoinedaninternationalspaceclub.6.WhatisthemaindutyofDr.Jonesandhisteam?A.Trainingastronautsforspacewalks. B.Managingastronauts’healthconditions.C.Conductingmedicalexperimentsinspace. D.Workingwithengineerstodesignspacecrafts.7.WhatdoesDr.Jonesthinkofhisjob?A.Satisfying. B.Challenging. C.Annoying. D.Relaxing.〖答案〗4.A5.C6.B7.A【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了弗里茨·瓊斯博士成為宇航員醫(yī)生的過程，以及他的主要職責?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Sincehewasakid,hehasalwayswantedtobeadoctorandapilot.HisdreamcametruewhenhewasadmittedintotheSpaceCenterafterhegraduatedfromamedicalcollege.(從他還是個孩子起，他就一直想成為一名醫(yī)生和飛行員。當他從一所醫(yī)學院畢業(yè)后被航天中心錄取時，他的夢想實現(xiàn)了。)”可知，是他童年的夢想驅使瓊斯博士成為一名宇航員醫(yī)生。故選A項?！?題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Beforehestartedhiswork,hereceivedsixmonthsofextratrainingtolearnabouthowflyingaffectshumanbody.(在他開始工作之前，他接受了六個月的額外訓練，以了解飛行對人體的影響。)”可知，瓊斯博士在開始他的工作之前了解飛行的影響。故選C項。【6題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第三段“Theymayfeelseasickduringtheirfirstfewdaysinspaceduetotheeffectsontheirbalancesystem.Besides,spacewalksalsopresentuniquemedicalconcerns.Asaresult,theirhealthconditionsarecloselymonitoredandtakencareofbyDr.Jonesandhismedicalteam.(由于對平衡系統(tǒng)的影響，他們在太空的最初幾天可能會感到暈船。此外，太空行走還帶來了獨特的醫(yī)療問題。因此，他們的健康狀況受到瓊斯博士和他的醫(yī)療團隊的密切監(jiān)測和照顧。)”可知，瓊斯博士和他的團隊的主要職責是管理宇航員的健康狀況。故選B項?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“Dr.Jonesfindshisjobextremelycool,ashehelpsprepareindividualstotraveltospace,takescareofthemwhiletheyareoutthere,andwelcomesthembackhome.(瓊斯博士覺得他的工作非?？?，因為他幫助人們準備去太空旅行，在他們在外時照顧他們，并歡迎他們回家。)”可推知，瓊斯博士認為他的工作是“令人滿意的”。故選A項。COn22April,peopleacrosstheplanetcelebrateEarthDay.Thisisayearlyeventthatmarkstheachievementsofenvironmentalactivistsandlaysstressontheneedtoprotecttheenvironmentforfuturegenerations.Therearelotsofdifferenteventstakingplaceallacrosstheworld.EarthDaybeganin1970andsincethenithasgrownstrikingly.Althoughitlastsonlyoneday,manyeventsoractivitieshappenoveraweekorevenamonth.TheEarthDaymovementalsoencouragespeopletodothingsallyearthatwillhelptheplanet.Thetopicofthisyear’sEarthDayisPlanetvs.Plastics,andtheaimistofocusontheharmthatplasticscausetotheenvironment,becauseittakeshundredsofyearstobreakdownforplastics.TheEarthDaymovementisdemandinga60%reductionintheamountofplasticsthathumansuseby2040.Thisincludesendingtheproductionofsingle-useplasticscompletelyby2030.Themovementalsowantsgovernmentstohelpendfastfashion,whichreferstocheapclothesthatarequicklyproducedbylargecompanies.Manyoftheseitems,whichoftenendupinrubbishsites,containplastics.SchoolsandsomesocialgroupsacrosstheworldtakeanactivepartinEarthDayevents.Studentsfromprimaryschools,forexample,willpickuprubbishintheirneighborhoods.Somelibrariesinpartsoftheworldruneventsdesignedtoletpeoplegetcreativeandvoicetheiropinionsontheenvironment.TheEarthDaywebsitelistsactivitiesarrangedaroundtheworld,andanincreasingnumberofpeopleareregisteringtheirownEarthDayevents.Ifyouwanttobepartofit,searchfor“EarthDayCreativeEvents”.8.WhydopeoplecelebrateEarthDayeachyear?A.Topromoteculturalevents. B.Torecognizetheearth’sbeauty.C.Tomakeitknownbymorepeople. D.Toraisepeople’senvironmentalawareness.9.WhatdoweknowaboutEarthDay?A.Itlastsaboutaweek. B.Itcallsforcontinuousefforts.C.Itbecomesanofficialholiday. D.Itencouragespersonalgrowth.10.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“fastfashion”inparagraph3referto?A.Itemsthatareofhighquality. B.Itemsthataremadeofplastics.C.Prettyclothesthatarefashionable. D.Low-costclothingproducedrapidly.11.Whatdothelasttwoparagraphsmainlytalkabout?A.Librariesareofferingcreativelectures. B.Schoolsarepraisingstudents’performances.C.PeoplearoundtheworldareprotectingEarth. D.Peopleareraisingfundsforvariousactivities.〖答案〗8.D9.B10.D11.C【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了地球日并號召大家參與今年地球日活動?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。由文章第一段“On22April,peopleacrosstheplanetcelebrateEarthDay.Thisisayearlyeventthatmarkstheachievementsofenvironmentalactivistsandlaysstressontheneedtoprotecttheenvironmentforfuturegenerations.Therearelotsofdifferenteventstakingplaceallacrosstheworld.(4月22日，全世界的人們都在慶祝地球日。這是一項一年一度的活動，標志著環(huán)境活動家的成就，并強調為子孫后代保護環(huán)境的必要性。世界各地都在發(fā)生許多不同的事件)”可知，人們每年慶祝地球日以提高人們的環(huán)保意識。故選D項?！?題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。由文章第二段“TheEarthDaymovementalsoencouragespeopletodothingsallyearthatwillhelptheplanet.(地球日運動還鼓勵人們全年都做有助于地球的事情)”可知，地球日呼吁我們的持續(xù)努力。故選B項。【10題詳析】詞句猜測題。由該詞后為非限制性定語從句“whichreferstocheapclothesthatarequicklyproducedbylargecompanies(指的是大公司快速生產(chǎn)的廉價衣服)”可知，fastfashion指的是“快速生產(chǎn)的低成本服裝”。故選D項?！?1題詳析】主旨大意題。由文章倒數(shù)第二段“SchoolsandsomesocialgroupsacrosstheworldtakeanactivepartinEarthDayevents.Studentsfromprimaryschools,forexample,willpickuprubbishintheirneighborhoods.Somelibrariesinpartsoftheworldruneventsdesignedtoletpeoplegetcreativeandvoicetheiropinionsontheenvironment.(世界各地的學校和一些社會團體積極參與地球日活動。例如，小學的學生會在他們的社區(qū)里撿垃圾。世界各地的一些圖書館舉辦活動，旨在讓人們發(fā)揮創(chuàng)造力，表達他們對環(huán)境的看法)”和最后一段“TheEarthDaywebsitelistsactivitiesarrangedaroundtheworld,andanincreasingnumberofpeopleareregisteringtheirownEarthDayevents.Ifyouwanttobepartofit,searchfor‘EarthDayCreativeEvents’.(地球日網(wǎng)站列出了世界各地安排的活動，越來越多的人正在注冊自己的地球日活動。如果你想?yún)⑴c其中，可以搜索‘地球日創(chuàng)意活動’)”可知，最后兩段主要講述了世界各地的人們都在積極地保護地球。故選C項。DWeallagreethattoomuchanxietyhasnothinggoodtoofferandiscertainlynotawelcomevisitorinourlives.Thereareendlessandheartbreakingstoriesabouthowanxietycanruinamoment,aday,orevenalife.However,agrowingnumberofresearchersaregettingthemessageoutthatanxietyisnotalwaysourenemy.KianPatton,anexpertonmentalhealth,believesthatanxietyandotherunpleasantfeelingsactuallyhavearoletoplaybecauseweallneedabitofittobeourbestselves.Let’slookatsomepositivesidesthatanxietyhastooffer.Abitofanxietypreventsusfrompossibledangers.Thoseofuswithsomeanxietycarefullyconsidertheeffectsofourbehavioronothers,whichpreventsusfrombecomingabullyandhurtingclassmates.Anxietycananddoesremindustogetthingsdone.Wetendtobebetterpreparedforthenexttest,thenextpresentation,thenextday,andevenlifeingeneral.“Ifwepaynoattentiontoouranxiety,wemaylosethesebenefits,andcanmakethingsworse,”saysGaiaMegan,aprofessorinPsychologicalScience.Ignoringunpleasantfeelingsjuststrengthensourworries,becausewearenotsolvingtheproblem.AccordingtoGaia,thekeytoreducinguneaseistomanageanxietyby“worryingwell”.Buthow?Thetrick,asshesays,istolistentoanxiety,andthendirectittomakechanges.Forexample,ayoungmanwhoworriedabouteverythingthatcouldgowronginhislifewaskeptsleeplessatnight.AftertalkingtoGaiaMegan,heturned“whatifs?”anxietyintoagoal-directedto-dolist:“Ifthisweretohappen,thenwhatcouldIdo?Well,Icould...”Byworryingwell,wecanfeellighterinourmindandhaveaclearermapofwhatweshoulddo.“Then,”Gaiaadvises,“l(fā)etitgo.Itisawavethatyouneedtolearntoride.”12.Whatispeople’scommonopinionaboutanxiety?A.Itsatisfiessomeofourneeds. B.Itcreatesproblemsinourlives.C.Itisthemostunpleasantfeeling. D.Ithelpsussortoutthemessages.13.Whatcananxietyhelppeopledo?A.Avoidpossibledangers. B.Makegoodfriends.C.Haveasuccessfullife. D.Createnewideas.14.HowcanwemanageanxietyaccordingtoGaiaMegan?A.Bychangingoursleeppatterns. B.Bylisteningtoothers’opinions.C.Byignoringunpleasantfeelings. D.Bydirectingitinapositiveway.15.Whichofthefollowingisasuitabletitleforthetext?A.WomenScientistsonMentalHealth B.FactsandBenefitsofFearandAnxietyC.TheUnsolvedMystery:WhydoWeWorry D.TheUpsideofAnxiety:HowtoWorryWell〖答案〗12.B13.A14.D15.D【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。主要講述了焦慮并非完全是我們的敵人，適度的焦慮可以幫助我們避免可能的危險，提醒我們完成事情，而關鍵在于如何“好好地擔憂”，將焦慮轉化為積極的力量?！?2題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。由文章第一段“Weallagreethattoomuchanxietyhasnothinggoodtoofferandiscertainlynotawelcomevisitorinourlives.Thereareendlessandheartbreakingstoriesabouthowanxietycanruinamoment,aday,orevenalife.(我們都同意，過多的焦慮沒有什么好處，當然也不是我們生活中受歡迎的訪客。關于焦慮如何毀掉一刻、一天甚至一輩子，有無數(shù)令人心碎的故事。)”可知，人們通常認為焦慮會給我們的生活帶來問題。故選B項?！?3題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。由文章第三段“Abitofanxietypreventsusfrompossibledangers.(一點點焦慮使我們避免了可能的危險。)”可知，焦慮可以幫助人們避免可能的危險。故選A項。【14題詳析】推理判斷題。由文章第四段中“AccordingtoGaia,thekeytoreducinguneaseistomanageanxietyby“worryingwell”.(根據(jù)Gaia的說法，減少不安的關鍵是通過‘好好擔心’來控制焦慮。)”以及第五段中“Thetrick,asshesays,istolistentoanxiety,andthendirectittomakechanges.(正如她所說，訣竅是傾聽焦慮，然后引導它做出改變。)”可知，GaiaMegan建議以積極的方式引導焦慮，讓其做出改變。故選D項?！?5題詳析】主旨大意題。通讀全文，尤其是根據(jù)第二段“However,agrowingnumberofresearchersaregettingthemessageoutthatanxietyisnotalwaysourenemy.KianPatton,anexpertonmentalhealth,believesthatanxietyandotherunpleasantfeelingsactuallyhavearoletoplaybecauseweallneedabitofittobeourbestselves.(然而，越來越多的研究人員正在傳達這樣的信息:焦慮并不總是我們的敵人。心理健康專家基安·帕頓認為，焦慮和其他不愉快的感覺實際上起著一定的作用，因為我們都需要一點焦慮來成為最好的自己。)”以及最后一段“Byworryingwell,wecanfeellighterinourmindandhaveaclearermapofwhatweshoulddo.“Then,”Gaiaadvises,“l(fā)etitgo.Itisawavethatyouneedtolearntoride.”(通過好好擔心，我們可以感到心情輕松，對我們應該做什么有一個更清晰的地圖。‘那么，’蓋亞建議道，‘放手吧。這是一個你需要學會駕馭的波浪?！?”可知，文章主要講述焦慮的好處以及我們應該怎樣利用焦慮，將焦慮轉化為積極的力量，讓我們成為更好的自己。所以D項“TheUpsideofAnxiety:HowtoWorryWell(焦慮的好處：如何好好地擔心)”能夠概括文章主旨，適合作為最佳標題。故選D項。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)根據(jù)短文內容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。ChineseLanternsTraditionally,lanternsarecommonlyseenduringcelebrationsandfestivals.TheyhavebecomeabelovedpartofChina’sculturalheritage,attractingpeopleallovertheworldwiththeirbeautyandcharm.___16___HistoryofChineseLanternsAtfirst,lanternswereonlyusedtohonourtheancestorsintemples.Later,anemperorintheEasternHanDynastyorderedhisservantstolightlanternsinthepalaceonthe15thdayofthefirstlunarmonth,whichlaterbecametheLanternFestival.___17___Theydidthattocelebratetheirpeacefullife,whichmadelanternsmoreandmorepopularthroughoutChina.FunctionsofChineseLanternsInancientChina,lanternswereusedtobrightenstreetsandhomeswiththeirwarmlight.___18___Peopledecoratehomesandpublicplaceswiththem.LanternsalsoplayanimportantroleinChinesecelebrationsandtheyhavebecomeasymbolofnationalprideinChina.___19___Chineselanternsareknownfortheirbeautifulcolorsanddifferentshapes.Themostoftenseenaretheroundandredones,whichisrelatedtogoodluckandhappiness.Theyalsocomeinotherforms,addingatouchofdiversitytothefestivalatmosphere.FeaturesofChineseLanternsTheartofmakinglanternsisacollectionofskills,includingpainting,cuttingandgluing.Thematerialsincludebamboo,woodandmetal.___20___Popularpaintingsonlanternsincludescenery,dragonsanddesignsofbirdsandfish.A.ColorsandShapesofChineseLanternsB.PatternsandStylesofChineseLanternsC.Lanternswereveryexpensiveatthattime.D.Today,theyareusuallyusedfordecorations.E.Thefollowingaresomespecificfactsaboutthem.F.Besides,paperandsilkaretraditionallythemajormaterials.G.IntheTangDynasty,ordinarypeoplealsobegantouselanterns.〖答案〗16.E17.G18.D19.A20.F【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要講述的是與中國燈籠相關的事實。【16題詳析】根據(jù)空前的“Traditionally,lanternsarecommonlyseenduringcelebrationsandfestivals.TheyhavebecomeabelovedpartofChina’sculturalheritage,attractingpeopleallovertheworldwiththeirbeautyandcharm.(傳統(tǒng)上，燈籠通常在慶?；顒雍凸?jié)日期間出現(xiàn)。它們已成為中國文化遺產(chǎn)中受人喜愛的一部分，以其美麗和魅力吸引著世界各地的人們)”可知，本文講述的內容與中國的燈籠相關，結合下文中“HistoryofChineseLanterns(中國燈籠的歷史)”以及“FunctionsofChineseLanterns(中國燈籠的功能)”和“FeaturesofChineseLanterns(中國燈籠的特點)”可知，此空引出下文講述的與中國燈籠相關的知識，E選項“Thefollowingaresomespecificfactsaboutthem.(以下是關于它們的一些具體事實)”引出下文講述的與中國燈籠相關的具體事實，且其中的them指代的是空前的“l(fā)anterns”。故選E項。【17題詳析】根據(jù)本段的主題句“HistoryofChineseLanterns(中國燈籠的歷史)”可知，本段主要講述的是中國燈籠的歷史，G選項“IntheTangDynasty,ordinarypeoplealsobegantouselanterns.(在唐代，普通百姓也開始使用燈籠)”講述的是唐朝的時候，普通人也開始使用燈籠，與燈籠的歷史相關，且空后“Theydidthattocelebratetheirpeacefullife,whichmadelanternsmoreandmorepopularthroughoutChina.(他們這樣做是為了慶祝他們和平的生活，這使得燈籠在中國越來越受歡迎)”中的they指代的內容為G選項中的“ordinarypeople”。故選G項?！?8題詳析】根據(jù)本段的主題句“FunctionsofChineseLanterns(中國燈籠的功能)”可知，本段主要講述的是中國燈籠的功能，D選項“Today,theyareusuallyusedfordecorations.(今天，它們通常被用來裝飾)”可知，現(xiàn)在燈籠被用來裝飾，介紹的是燈籠的功能，與本段的主題吻合，且與空后的“Peopledecoratehomesandpublicplaceswiththem.(人們用它們裝飾家庭和公共場所)”講述的內容一致，符合語境。故選D項?！?9題詳析】分析語篇可知，此處應為本段的主題句，根據(jù)空后的“Chineselanternsareknownfortheirbeautifulcolorsanddifferentshapes.(中國的燈籠以其美麗的顏色和不同的形狀而聞名)”可知，中國的燈籠以其顏色和形狀而聞名，由此可知，本段講述的是中國燈籠的顏色和形狀，A選項“ColorsandShapesofChineseLanterns(中國燈籠的顏色和形狀)”與本段的內容吻合，且句式結構與其它段落的主題句的結構一致。故選A項?！?0題詳析】根據(jù)空前的“Theartofmakinglanternsisacollectionofskills,includingpainting,cuttingandgluing.Thematerialsincludebamboo,woodandmetal.(制作燈籠的藝術是一系列技巧的集合，包括繪畫、切割和粘合。材料包括竹子、木材和金屬)”可知，此處講述的是制作燈籠所需要的材料，F(xiàn)選項“Besides,paperandsilkaretraditionallythemajormaterials.(此外，紙和絲綢是傳統(tǒng)上的主要材料)”講述的內容與制作燈籠的材料相關，其中的besides承接空前的內容，符合邏輯。故選F項。第三部分語言知識運用(共兩節(jié)，滿分37.5分)第一節(jié)完形填空(共15小題;每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的四個選項(A、B、C和D)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。WhenIwas7yearsold,myfamilyexperiencedaterriblefinancialdownfall.Weendedup___21___,livingonthestreets.WhatIwantedwasjusta___22___anddryplacetosleepatnight.Afteryears’struggle,wefinallygotthroughthetoughtime.Theexperiencetaughtmetheimportanceofmoneyandfilledmewiththe___23___todowhateverIwantedsothatIwouldn’tbe___24___forlackofmoney.ThisdesirestayedwithmeasIgrewup.Aftergraduatingfromcollege,Iworkedreallyhardto___25___myfinancialgoals,andattheageof28,Imadeit.AsIbecameamother,Iwasableto___26___mychildrenwithahighqualityoflifethatIhadalwaysdesired.___27___,thoughwecouldaffordthemmanythings,myhusbandandIwantedthemtolearnthe___28___ofhardwork.Wealsotaughtourkidshowtomanagemoneysotheycould___29___anychallengeinthefuture.Itdoesn’tmatterhowmuchmoneyyouhave:___30___moneyiswhatmakesyousuccessful.Nowourchildrenhavecometounderstandtheimportanceofearningandtakingcareoftheirmoney.Theyare___31___toearnmoneythroughchoresand___32___forexpensiveitemstheylike.Ourintentionforthemistounderstandthevalueofthingsandlearn___33___lifeskillssuchashowtoopenabankaccountand___34___rents.Aboveall,Ifirmlybelievethatteachingmychildrengoodvaluesisthegreatest___35___Icangivethem,becauseitismorevaluablethananymaterialtreasure.21.A.alone B.tired C.homeless D.lost22.A.warm B.crowded C.broad D.faraway23.A.joy B.duty C.option D.desire24.A.cheeredup B.heldback C.raisedup D.pickedout25.A.design B.achieve C.share D.identify26.A.provide B.surprise C.attract D.serve27.A.However B.Obviously C.Otherwise D.Shortly28.A.art B.rule C.value D.impact29.A.bring B.select C.face D.choose30.A.spotting B.donating C.spending D.managing31.A.ordered B.encouraged C.begged D.forced32.A.ask B.vote C.wait D.save33.A.creative B.advanced C.basic D.limited34.A.pay B.collect C.increase D.report35.A.clue B.gift C.sign D.fund〖答案〗21.C22.A23.D24.B25.B26.A27.A28.C29.C30.D31.B32.D33.C34.A35.B【語篇解讀】這是一篇記敘文。文章通過敘述個人從童年時期的貧困經(jīng)歷，到成年后通過努力實現(xiàn)財務自由，并最終成為一位教育子女理解金錢價值和生活技能的母親的故事，來展示個人奮斗和教育的重要性?！?1題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我們最終無家可歸，生活在大街上。A.alone孤獨的；B.tired疲倦的；C.homeless無家可歸的；D.lost迷路的。根據(jù)后文“l(fā)ivingonthestreets”可推斷，作者住在街上，是因為自己無家可歸了。故選C項?！?2題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我想要的只是一個溫暖且干燥的地方，以便晚上能睡個好覺。A.warm溫暖的；B.crowded擁擠的；C.broad寬闊的；D.faraway遙遠的。根據(jù)上文“l(fā)ivingonthestreets”和后文“tosleepatnight”可推斷，晚上在街上睡覺通常又冷又潮，所以想要干燥的溫暖的地方睡覺。故選A項。【23題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這次經(jīng)歷教會了我金錢的重要性，并激發(fā)了我實現(xiàn)自己愿望的渴望，這樣我就不會因缺乏金錢而受阻。A.joy樂趣；B.duty責任；C.option選擇；D.desire渴望。根據(jù)本段最后一句“ThisdesirestayedwithmeasIgrewup.”說明作者實現(xiàn)自己愿望的渴望一直伴隨著自己長大，由此可推斷上文表述的是自己實現(xiàn)愿望的渴望。故選D。【24題詳析】考查動詞詞組語義辨析。句意：這次經(jīng)歷教會了我金錢的重要性，并激發(fā)了我實現(xiàn)自己愿望的渴望，這樣我就不會因缺乏金錢而受阻。A.cheeredup振奮起來；B.heldback阻礙；C.raisedup提高；D.pickedout挑選出來，辨認出來。根據(jù)本段第一句“myfamilyexperiencedaterriblefinancialdownfall”可知，作者一家人經(jīng)歷了一場嚴重的經(jīng)濟衰退，再結合后文forlackofmoney可推斷作者不想再因為缺乏金錢而受阻。故選B項?！?5題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：大學畢業(yè)后，我非常努力地工作以實現(xiàn)我的財務目標，到了28歲，我做到了。A.design設計；B.achieve實現(xiàn)；C.share分享；D.identify確認。根據(jù)第一段最后兩句話“TheexperiencetaughtmetheimportanceofmoneyandfilledmewiththetodowhateverIwantedsothatIwouldn’tbeforlackofmoney.ThisdesirestayedwithmeasIgrewup.”可知，作者經(jīng)歷了經(jīng)濟衰退后，決心努力而不再因為金錢受阻。由此可推斷，作者畢業(yè)后非常努力實現(xiàn)自己的財務目標，故選B項。【26題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：當我成為母親時，我能夠為我的孩子們提供我一直渴望的高品質生活。A.provide提供；B.surprise使吃驚；C.attract吸引；D.serve服務。根據(jù)后文“wecouldaffordthemmanythings”可知，作者有經(jīng)濟能力給孩子們買很多東西，那么可推斷作者有能力給孩子提供高品質的生活。故選項A項?！?7題詳析】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，盡管我們能負擔得起許多東西，我和我的丈夫還是希望他們學會努力工作的價值。A.However然而；B.Obviously顯然；C.Otherwise否則；D.Shortly不久。根據(jù)前文“IwasabletomychildrenwithahighqualityoflifethatIhadalwaysdesired.”及后文“myhusbandandIwantedthemtolearntheofhardwork”可知，兩句話之間存在轉折關系，所以要用however來表示這種關系。故選A項。【28題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我和我的丈夫還是希望他們學會努力工作的價值。A.art藝術；B.rule規(guī)則；C.value價值；D.impact影響。根據(jù)前文“thoughwecouldaffordthemmanythings”可推斷，作者和丈夫雖然能夠給孩子買的起很多東西，還是想教會孩子努力工作的價值。故選C項。【29題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我們還教孩子們如何管理金錢，以便他們能夠面對未來的任何挑戰(zhàn)。A.bring帶來；B.select選擇；C.face面對；D.choose選擇。本句前后是因果關系，教孩子如何管理金錢為了孩子能夠應對未來的經(jīng)濟方面的挑戰(zhàn)，故選C項?！?0題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：你擁有多少錢并不重要：管理金錢才是讓你成功的關鍵。A.spotting找到，發(fā)現(xiàn)；B.donating捐贈；C.spending花費；D.managing管理。根據(jù)后文“understandtheimportanceofearningandtakingcareoftheirmoney”可知，現(xiàn)在，作者的孩子們已經(jīng)理解了賺錢和理財?shù)闹匾裕碡斁褪枪芾斫疱X，故選D項?！?1題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：他們被鼓勵通過做家務來賺錢，并為自己喜歡的昂貴物品儲蓄。A.ordered命令；B.encouraged鼓勵；C.begged乞求；D.forced強迫。根據(jù)上文“understandtheimportanceofearningandtakingcareoftheirmoney”現(xiàn)在孩子們知道了掙錢和理財?shù)闹匾?，因此孩子們被鼓勵掙錢和攢錢。故選B項?！?2題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：他們被鼓勵通過做家務來賺錢，并為自己喜歡的昂貴物品儲蓄。A.ask要求，問；B.vote投票；C.wait等待D.save攢，節(jié)省。根據(jù)上文“understandtheimportanceofearningandtakingcareoftheirmoney”現(xiàn)在孩子們知道了掙錢和理財?shù)闹匾?，因此孩子們被鼓勵掙錢和攢錢。故選D項?！?3題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我們對他們的意圖是讓他們理解事物的價值，并學習基本的生活技能，比如如何開設銀行賬戶和支付租金。A.creative創(chuàng)造的；B.advanced高級的；C.basic基礎的；D.limited有限的。根據(jù)后文“suchashowtoopenabankaccount”可知，孩子們學會了一些開戶等基本技能。故選C項?！?4題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我們對他們的意圖是讓他們理解事物的價值，并學習基本的生活技能，比如如何開設銀行賬戶和支付租金。A.pay支付；B.collect搜集；C.increase增加；D.報道。根據(jù)連接詞and和“howtoopenabankaccount”可知，作者的孩子們學會的是金融方面的一些技能，故選A項。【35題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：最重要的是，我堅信教育我的孩子們良好的價值觀是我能夠給他們的最偉大的禮物，因為它比任何物質財富都更有價值。A.clue線索；B.gift禮物；C.sign標志；D.fund資金。根據(jù)后文“morevaluablethananymaterialtreasure”，可知作者希望給孩子們非物質的、對他們未來有深遠影響的東西。gift符合語意，故選B項。第二節(jié)語法填空(共10小題;每小題1.5分，滿分15分)根據(jù)句子結構的語法性，在下面空格處填入一個適當?shù)脑~或使用括號中所給詞的適當形式填空。36.Oneofthemostimportant__________(element)ofbeingagoodfriendislisteningcarefully.(所給詞的適當形式填空)〖答案〗elements【詳析】考查名詞復數(shù)。句意：做一個好朋友最重要的因素之一就是認真傾聽。這里考查oneof+名詞復數(shù)形式，為固定用法。故填elements。37.__________wedon’tprotecttheearth,wewillhavenocleanwatertodrink.(用適當?shù)脑~填空)〖答案〗If【詳析】考查狀語從句。句意：如果我們不保護地球，我們將沒有清潔水飲用。引導條件狀語從句，表示“如果”應用if，首字母大寫。故填If。38.Alexspilledhisdrinkalloverhisboss,anditcaused__________embarrassingsituation.(用適當?shù)脑~填空)〖答案〗an【詳析】考查冠詞。句意：亞歷克斯把飲料灑在老板身上，造成了尷尬的局面。分析句子可知，這里表示“一個尷尬的局面”，所以應用不定冠詞表泛指，且embarrassing為元音音素開始的單詞。故填an。39.Theskyturnedgray,__________(indicate)thatastormwaslikelytocomesoon.(所給詞的適當形式填空)〖答案〗indicating【詳析】考查非謂語動詞。句意：天空變成了灰色，暗示著暴風雨很可能就要到來。分析可知，此處應用非謂語動詞作狀語，indicate的邏輯主語為上文的整個句子，它們之間為主動關系，應用現(xiàn)在分詞。故填indicating。40.Duringthesummerbreak,Timabsorbed__________(he)inreadingtoenrichhisknowledge.(所給詞的適當形式填空)〖答案〗himself【詳析】考查代詞。句意：暑假期間，蒂姆專心讀書以豐富知識。分析句子可知，這里考查absorboneselfindoingsth表“全神貫注于(做)某事”，為固定搭配，所以這里應填反身代詞。故填himself。41.Ourschoollibraryhasbooksofallkindsthatrangefromclassicnovels__________latestmagazines.(用適當?shù)脑~填空)〖答案〗to【詳析】考查介詞。句意：我們學校圖書館有各種各樣的書，從經(jīng)典小說到最新雜志。此處是動詞短語rangefrom...to表“范圍從……到”，to是介詞。故填to。42.Theplayers__________(celebrate)theirvictorywhiletheaudiencewascheeringloudly.(所給詞的適當形式填空)〖答案〗werecelebrating【詳析】考查時態(tài)。句意：球員們正在慶祝他們的勝利，而觀眾們則在大聲歡呼。這里考查謂語動詞，Theplayers與celebrate為主動關系，且這里時態(tài)應與后面保持一致，用過去進行時。故填werecelebrating。43.Parentsconsideritaduty__________(select)healthyfoodsfortheirchildren.(所給詞的適當形式填空)〖答案〗toselect【詳析】考查非謂語動詞。句意：父母認為為孩子選擇健康的食物是一種責任。句中it作形式賓語，這里應填不定式作真正賓語，故填toselect。44.Theinventionofthewheelcandatebacktothetime__________earlyhumansfirststartedusingtools.(用適當?shù)脑~填空)〖答案〗when【詳析】考查定語從句。句意：輪子的發(fā)明可以追溯到早期人類第一次開始使用工具的時候。先行詞為thetime,在定語從句中作時間狀語，關系副詞為when。故填when。45.Eachstudentinthecompetitionwillbejudged__________(individual)basedontheirperformance.(所給詞的適當形式填空)〖答案〗individually【詳析】考查副詞。句意：比賽中的每個學生將根據(jù)他們的表現(xiàn)進行單獨評判。分析句子可知，此空應填副詞作狀語，修飾前面動詞。individually表“單獨地”，為副詞，符合語境。故填individually。第四部分寫作(共兩節(jié)，滿分42.5分)第一節(jié)句子考查(共9小題;56～61小題每空0.5分;62～64每小題3分;滿分17.5分)46.Itwashis18thbirthdayand______________________________(從那時起)Georgemadealivingonhisown.(根據(jù)漢語〖提示〗完成句子)〖答案〗①.from②.then③.on【詳析】考查介詞短語。句意：那天是他的18歲生日，從那以后，喬治開始了自己的生活。根據(jù)漢語〖提示〗可知短語為fromthenon，故填fromthenon。47.Foraspeaker,itisimportantto________________________________________(牢記)thatlessismore.(根據(jù)漢語〖提示〗完成句子)〖答案〗①.keep/bear②.it③.in④.mind【詳析】考查固定短語。句意：對于一個演講者，重要的是要記?。荷偌词嵌?。該句中使用了it作形式主語，該動詞短語在句中應使用動詞不定式形式做主語，前面已給出to，所以動詞使用原形，表示“牢記”可使用動詞短語keep/bearsomethingin