Unit 4 Discovering Useful Structures 與Listening and Talking 同步練習(xí) 2020-2021學(xué)年人教版必修第一冊(cè)

Part2DiscoveringUsefulStructures&Listeningand

Talking

A組

I.單詞拼寫(xiě)

1.Becauseoftheearthquake,theelectricity（供應(yīng)）was

cutoff.

2.Thebabywascryingandthemotherwastryingherbestto

（使平靜）him.

3.Dr.Foxwenttothe（幫助）ofthedyingmandespite

havingbeeninjuredinthecrash.

4.Nowadays,volcanoes（爆發(fā)）morefrequentlythan

before.

5.Knowingwhatnottodoinan（突發(fā)事件）isasimportant

asknowingwhattodo.

n.選詞填空________________________________________________

stayawayfrom;intheopenair;taketurns;onhand

1.Theyhadtosleepaftertheearthquake.

2.WhenMomisnotathome,DanandIusuallyto

cook.

3.Hehadabigtaskandhebegantodoitwithout

delay.

4.Ifyoufindyourselfaddictedtocomputergames,you'dbetter

thescreen.

III.單句語(yǔ)法填空

1.Neverbeforehasourcountrybeenso（power）asit

istoday.

2.Mrs.Coxenwasaidedlookingafterthechildrenby

herniece.

3.Alanlookedathimandsaid（calm）,“Ibelieveyou

cangotoyouridealuniversity.,5

4.Thescientistspentyearsaloneintheforest,

（survive）mainlybyeatingwildfruits.

5.Nowadays,canwefindapersonhasnotexperienced

onlineshopping?

6.Ioftenrecallthehappydayswespenttogether

duringoursummerholiday.

7.ThemomentIgothome,Ifoundmyjacket（leave）in

theplayground.

8.Jacksuggested(play)footballafterschool,butI

refusedbecausetheexamwascoming.

IV.揩下列句子合并為含定語(yǔ)從句的句子

1.Thisisthereason.Hegavethereasonforhisbeinglate.

2.Lookattheboyandhisdog.Imeetthemeverydayonmyway

toschool.

3.ThegirlisfromAmerica.HerfatherisaChinese.

4.Whoistheman?Heisdrawingapictureoverthere.

5.Wevisitedtheladyyesterday.ShetaughtusChinesewhenwe

wereinprimaryschool.

6.rvemadefriendswithsomeofthestudents.Imetthemin

theEnglishspeechcontest.

V.仔細(xì)體會(huì)文章語(yǔ)境,用適當(dāng)?shù)年P(guān)系代詞that、which、

who、whom或whose填空

AGirlWhoIsGoodatDrawing

Mary]drawingswereshownattheexhibitionlast

monthisamodelstudent2isoftenpraisedforhergood

workatschool.Assoonaswegotintotheexhibitionhallour

attentionwasattractedbyaverylargepicture3washung

onthewallinfrontofus.

Thehorse4wasdrawninthepictureisexactlylike

arealhorse.Theman5isridingonitlookslikealiving

man.

Itisthebestpicture6Ihaveeverseen,andIshould

sayMaryisthebestyoungpainter7Ihaveeverheardof.

However,youwillbequitemistakenifyouthinkthatMarywas

bornagoodpainter.Oneofherteacherstoldmethatithad

takenMarythousandsofhourstolearnandpractisedrawing

untilshebecamethebestyoungpainter8haseverbeen

heardofinherhometown.Butifyousaythatshehaslearned

tobesogoodatdrawingonlybyworkinghardatit,Iwill

certainlyagreewithyou.

1.2.3.4.

5.6.7.8.

B組

I.閱讀理解

A

(2020安徽蚌埠一中高一上期中,)

StagesofaHurricane:SimpleStormsGrowintoGiants

Astormprogressesthroughfourdifferentstagesbeforeit

isactuallyconsideredahurricane.Thefirstisatropical

disturbance(熱帶擾動(dòng))，whichhasthunderstormsand

rotating(旋轉(zhuǎn)的)winds.Nextisatropicaldepression(熱帶彳氏

氣壓)，whichissimilartoatropicaldisturbance,buthaswinds

between23and39milesperhour.Atropicalstormisthenext

level,whichhasstrongerwindspeedsbetween40and73miles

perhour.Oncewindsreach74milesperhourthestormis

officiallycalledahurricane.Thewindpicksupenergyfrom

thewarmsurfaceofoceanwater.

Asahurricanecrossesoverland,itbeginstobecomeweaker

orbreakapartandreduceinstrength.Thisisbecauseitis

nolongeroverthewarmoceanwaterthatitneedsforenergy.

Atthispoint,ahurricanecanstillcausealotofdamage

becauseofhighwinds,rain,andflood.Butunlessitmakesits

waybackovertheopenocean,itisdowngradedfromahurricane

backtoatropicalstorm.

What'sYourName,Hurricane?

Hurricanesandtropicalstormsaregivennamestohelp

peoplerecognizethem.Scientistsrefertohurricanesand

stormsbynameastheytrackthemacrosstheocean.

Before1953,hurricaneswerenotgivenofficialnames.From

1953to1978,hurricaneswereonlygivenfemalenames,like

Isabel,Camille,Claudette,andWilma.Beginningin1979,

hurricanesweregiventhenamesofbothwomenandmen.Today,

thenamesalternatemaleandfemalenames,andtheyarenamed

inorderofletters.

Forexample,in2010,stormswerenamedasfollows:

Alex(male),Bonnie(female),Colin(male),Danielle(female),

Earl(male)andsoon...

Therearesixdifferentlistsofnamesthatchange,sothe

samenamesareusedeverysixyears.Theonlywaythatanew

nameisaddediswhenahurricanehasbeenparticularlydeadly

orcostlyandthenameisretired,andthenreplacedwithanew

one.

1.Whathappenswhenahurricanecrossesoverland?

A.Itbreaksapartandformstornadoes.

B.Itreturnstotheoceanafterwards.

C.Itmovesmorequickly.

D.Itbecomeslesspowerful.

2.Theunderlinedword“alternate“inparagraph4means

“，，

A.taketurnsbetween

B.carryon

C.comefrom

D.causetroubleto

3.Whatdoweknowaboutthehurricanes?

A.Sixcommonhurricanenamesareoftenused.

B.Anoldnameisreplacedeveryyear.

C.Mostofthemaredeadlyandcostly.

D.Theydidn'thaveofficialnamesuntil1953.

B

（2021北京昌平區(qū)新學(xué)道臨川學(xué)校高一上12月月考,）

RecentlywheneverIturnedonmycomputerormymobilephone,

newsaboutthegreateffectofHurricaneHarvey（哈維颶風(fēng)）on

thousandsofpeoplecaughtmyeye.Isawmanyunfortunateevents.

However,therewasalsolotsofbrightnewsthatshowedthe

goodnessofmankind.Asareporter,Ireportedmanyhuman

intereststorieswhendoingmyjob.That'swhythestoryabout

theguysinabakery（面包店）caughtmyeye.

WhentheworkersataMexicanbakerychaininHoustonwere

trappedinsidethebuildingfortwodays,theydidn'tsitthere

feelingsorryforthemselves.Theyusedtheirtimewiselyafter

floodingcausedbyHurricaneHarvey.Whilewaitingforthe

eventualrescuethatcameonMondaymorning,thefourworkers

decidedtomakeasmanyloavesofbreadaspossibleforpeople

aroundtheneighborhood.Theytalkedtotheirmanagerabout

theirplanoverthephoneandthemanageragreed.

Thefloodwaterroseinthestreetoutside.Theytook

advantageoftheiremergencypowersupplytobakebread.They

usedmorethan4,200poundsofflour（面粉）tocreatehundreds

ofloavesandsheetsofsweetbread.Althoughthewaterkept

rising,theycontinuedbakingtohelpmorepeople.Bythetime

themanagermanagedtogettothem,theyhadmadesomuchbread

thattheytooktheloavestolotsofemergencycentersacross

thecityforpeopleaffectedbythefloods.

Thestoremanager,BrianAlvarado,toldTheIndependent,

"They'vedonemorethantheyshouldhavedone.Andwhatthey

haddonehaslitalightforpeople.Ifeelluckytohavethem

workinthebakery.”

Wheneveradisasteroccurs,nobodyshouldfeelforlorn.

Instead,weshouldstayhopefulandtakepositiveactiontosave

ourselvesandhelpothers.Ouractsofkindnesswillmakeabig

differencetothepeopleintheworldaswellastheworld

itself.

4.Whydidthestoryinthebakerydrawtheauthor'sattention?

A.Becauseitwashelpfulinchoosingagoodjob.

B.Becauseitmadehim/herinterestedinbaking.

C.Becauseitcouldbringhim/hermuchmoney.

D.Becauseitshowedthegoodnessofmankind.

5.Whatdidtheguysinthebakerydointhedisaster?

A.Theytriedtogetpeopleoutofwater.

B.Theysetupemergencycenterstohelp.

C.Theyofferedtomakebreadforpeople.

D.Theylethomelesspeopleliveinthebakery.

6.WhatdoesBrianAlvaradothinkofthefourworkers?

A.Hefoundthemlucky.

B.Hewasproudofthem.

C.Theywereexperienced.

D.Theywereshybutbrave.

7.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“forlorn“inthelastparagraph

probablymean?

A.Hopeless.

B.Confident.

C.Serious.

D.Angry.

II.語(yǔ)法填空

(2021山東新高考質(zhì)量聯(lián)盟高一上12月聯(lián)考,)

Formedin2001,theChinaInternationalSearchandRescue

Team(CISAR)bringshelpandhopetothose]livesare

changedbynaturaldisasters.

Theteamwentonitsfirstinternationalrescuemissionin

2003.ItwasthefirsttimethataChineseteam2

(work)outsideChina,andtheteamwonhighpraise3their

braveryandskills.Thelistofpeopletowhomhelphasbeen

giveneversince4(be)long.Theteamtreatedmorethan

3,000peoplewhowereinjuredinthe2006earthquakein

Indonesia,andspentseveralmonths5(give)aidtoover

25,000victimsofthe2010floodsinPakistan.

Rescueworkers6(train)tofindpeople,treatthe

injured,andhandoutfood,water,andothersupplies.There

is7(usual)noelectricityorwaterafteradisasterand

diseasesandaccidentsmayappear.8(save)lives,rescue

workershavetoworkdayandnight,andsadlytheymustalso

bury9dead,whichmeanstheyhavetobestronginboththe

bodyandthemind.Rescueworkersmusthavebighearts,too.

Ofcourse,they,11havetotake10(effect)measuresin

action.ThemembersoftheCISARarealwaysreadytogowherever

helpisneeded.

1.2.3.4.5.

6.7.8.9.10.

答案全解全析

A組

I.1.supply2.calm3.aid4.erupt5.emergency

II.1.intheopenair2.taketurns3.onhand4.stayaway

from

III.1.powerful考查形容詞。句意:我們的國(guó)家從來(lái)沒(méi)有像今天這樣

強(qiáng)大過(guò)。此處需用形容詞作表語(yǔ)，故填Powerful。

2.in考查固定搭配。句意:Coxen太太有她侄女幫忙照看孩子們。

aidsb.indoingsth.意為“幫助某人做某事”,故填in。

3.calmly考查副詞。句意:Alan看著他，平靜地說(shuō):“我相信你能上

你理想的大學(xué)?！贝颂幮揎梽?dòng)詞said應(yīng)用副詞形式,故填calmlyo

4.surviving考查現(xiàn)在分詞。句意:這位科學(xué)家獨(dú)自在森林里待了好

幾年,主要靠吃野果生存。分析可知，設(shè)空處作狀語(yǔ),Thescientist

與survive之間為主動(dòng)關(guān)系,故填現(xiàn)在分詞surviving。

5.that/who考查定語(yǔ)從句。句意:如今,我們能找到一個(gè)沒(méi)有網(wǎng)購(gòu)經(jīng)

歷的人嗎?設(shè)空處引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，修飾先行詞aperson,指人,關(guān)系詞

在從句中作主語(yǔ),故用關(guān)系代詞that或whoo

6.that/which考查定語(yǔ)從句。句意:我經(jīng)?；貞浧鹗罴倨陂g我們一

起度過(guò)的快樂(lè)的日子。設(shè)空處引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，修飾先行詞thehappy

days,指物，目從句中缺少動(dòng)詞spent的賓語(yǔ),所以填關(guān)系代詞that

或whicho

分析

本題填when,當(dāng)先行詞為表示時(shí)間的名詞時(shí),需要弄清楚關(guān)系詞

在從句中作什么成分,如果是作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ),則用when,如果是作主語(yǔ)或

賓語(yǔ),則用that或whicho

7.left考查過(guò)去分詞。句意:我剛到家就發(fā)現(xiàn)我把夾克落在操場(chǎng)上

了。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,設(shè)空處在句中作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ),且myjacket與

leave為被動(dòng)關(guān)系,故填過(guò)去分詞left。

8.Playing考查動(dòng)名詞。句意:Jack建議放學(xué)后去踢足球，但是因?yàn)?/p>

快要考試了，我拒絕了。suggestdoingsth.意為“建議做某事”。故

填playingo

IV.1.Thisisthereasonwhich/thathegaveforhisbeinglate.

2.LookattheboyandhisdogthatImeeteverydayonmyway

toschool.

3.ThegirlwhosefatherisaChineseisfromAmerica.

4.Whoisthemanthatisdrawingapictureoverthere?

5.Wevisitedtheladywho/thattaughtusChinesewhenwewere

inprimaryschoolyesterday.

6.I'vemadefriendswithsomeofthestudentswho/thatImet

intheEnglishspeechcontest.

V.1.whose先行詞是Mary,關(guān)系詞在從句中作定語(yǔ)。

2.who/that先行詞是amodelstudent,指人,關(guān)系詞在從句中作主

語(yǔ)。

3.that/which先行詞是averylargepicture,指物，關(guān)系詞在從

句中作主語(yǔ)。

4.which/that先行詞是Thehorse,關(guān)系詞在從句中作主語(yǔ)。

5.who/that先行詞是Theman,指人,關(guān)系詞在從句中作主語(yǔ)。

6.that先行詞被最高級(jí)修飾,關(guān)系詞在從句中作haveeverseen的

賓語(yǔ)。

分析

本題填which。需要注意的是當(dāng)先行詞被最高級(jí)修飾、先行詞是

形容最高級(jí)、先行詞為序數(shù)詞或被序數(shù)詞修飾時(shí)，宜用that,而不用

whicho

7.that/who/whom先行詞是thebestyoungpainter,指人，關(guān)系詞

在從句中作介詞of的賓語(yǔ)。

8.that/who先行詞是thebestyoungpainter,指人，關(guān)系詞在從

句中作主語(yǔ)。

B組

I.A

◎語(yǔ)篇解讀本文是一篇說(shuō)明文,主要介紹了颶風(fēng)的四個(gè)階段和其命

名方式。

1.D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段第一句"Asahurricanecrosses

overland,itbeginstobecomeweakerorbreakapartandreduce

instrength.”可知，當(dāng)颶風(fēng)越過(guò)陸地時(shí),它開(kāi)始變得越來(lái)越弱,故選Do

2.A詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)文章第五段內(nèi)容可知,風(fēng)暴的名字是按照字母

順序交替選取男子名和女子名的。由此推知畫(huà)線單詞的含義為“交替

選取"。故選A。B項(xiàng)“繼續(xù)”;C取，來(lái)自”;D項(xiàng)“給......惹麻煩”。

3.D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由文章第四段第一句"Before1953,hurricanes

werenotgivenofficialnames.”可知，1953年以前，颶風(fēng)沒(méi)有正式

的名字。故選DoA項(xiàng)“六個(gè)常見(jiàn)的颶風(fēng)名字經(jīng)常被使用”與文中最后

一段第一句話（有六個(gè)不同的會(huì)改變的名字列表,所以相同的名字每

六年使用一次。）表述不符;B項(xiàng)“一個(gè)舊的名字每年都會(huì)被替換”與最

后一段最后一句（添加新名字的唯一方式是，當(dāng)一場(chǎng)颶風(fēng)特別致命或

造成巨大損失,原來(lái)的名字不能用了,然后用一個(gè)新名字代替的時(shí)候。）

不相符;C項(xiàng)“它們中的大部分是致命的且造成巨大損失的”,文中并未

做出此方面的具體說(shuō)明，故錯(cuò)誤。

【高頻詞匯】1.progress匕繼續(xù)行進(jìn);進(jìn)展進(jìn)步;前進(jìn)

2.stage階段;時(shí)期3.besimilarto與...類似4.recognize

此辨別出；認(rèn)出；認(rèn)可5.referto提及；涉及；參考；查閱

6.officialadj.正式的；官方的7.track匕追蹤；跟蹤

8.particularlyad匕尤其;特別9.deadly&力’.致命的10.costly

a辦.造成損失的;昂貴的

長(zhǎng)難句分析

原句Theonlywaythatanewnameisaddediswhenahurricane

hasbeenparticularlydeadlyorcostlyandthenameisretired,

andthenreplacedwithanewone.

分析本句為主從復(fù)合句。句子的主干是一個(gè)主系表結(jié)構(gòu),主語(yǔ)為T(mén)he

onlyway,主語(yǔ)后為that引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句，修飾先行詞way,when在句

中引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句。

句意增加一個(gè)新名字的唯一方式是當(dāng)一場(chǎng)颶風(fēng)特別致命或造成重

大損失，（原來(lái)的）名字不能用了,然后用一個(gè)新的名字代替的時(shí)候。

B

◎語(yǔ)篇解讀本文是一篇記敘文。哈維颶風(fēng)到來(lái)時(shí),面包店員工被困,

他們決定為周圍的人們做面包,這一舉動(dòng)產(chǎn)生了重大影響。

4.D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段中的“However,therewasalso

lotsofbrightnewsthatshowedthegoodnessof

mankind...caughtmyeye.”可知，面包店的故事引起了作者的注意是

因?yàn)樗@示了人類的善良。故選D。其余三項(xiàng)信息在文中均未提及。

5.C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段中的“Whilewaitingforthe

eventualrescuethatcameonMondaymorning,thefourworkers

decidedtomakeasmanyloavesofbreadaspossibleforpeople

aroundtheneighborhood.”可知，雖然面包店的員工被困在大樓里，

但他們主動(dòng)提出為人們做面包。故選C。其余三項(xiàng)信息在文中均未提

及。

6.B推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第二段中的"They'vedonemore

thantheyshouldhavedone.Andwhattheyhaddonehaslita

lightforpeople.Ifeelluckytohavethemworkinthebakery.”

可知,面包店經(jīng)理BrianAlvarado對(duì)員工的評(píng)價(jià)很高,即他為四位員

工的行為感到驕傲。故選BoA項(xiàng)“他發(fā)現(xiàn)他們是幸運(yùn)的”與倒數(shù)第二

段中的“Ifeelluckytohavethemworkinthebakery."（"I"指"面

包店經(jīng)理”）描述不符；C項(xiàng)“他們是有經(jīng)驗(yàn)的”文中未提及;D項(xiàng)“他們很

害羞，但是很勇敢”文中未提及相關(guān)信息。

7.A詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)畫(huà)線詞所在句的后一句"Instead,weshould

stayhopefulandtakepositiveactiontosaveourselvesandhelp

others.（相反,我們應(yīng)該抱有希望并采取積極的行動(dòng)來(lái)拯救自己和幫

助別人。）”中的Instead可知后句與前句在意思上構(gòu)成轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，再

由hopeful可推知,畫(huà)線詞的意思是“絕望的"。故選A°B項(xiàng)“自信的”;C

項(xiàng)“嚴(yán)肅的”;D項(xiàng)“生氣的”。

【高頻詞匯】1.catchone'seye引起某人的注意;吸引某人的視

線2.eventuala4/.最終的；最后的3.takeadvantageof利用

4.manage匕完成（困難的事）；勉力完成；能解決（問(wèn)題）5.occurvi.

發(fā)生；出現(xiàn)6.makeadifference起作用；有影響7.drawone's

attention吸引某人的注意8.experiencedad/有經(jīng)驗(yàn)的;熟練的

長(zhǎng)難句分析

原句Bythetimethemanagermanagedtogettothem,theyhad

madesomuchbreadthattheytooktheloavestolotsofemergency

centersacrossthecityforpeopleaffectedbythefloods.

分析本句為主從復(fù)合句。Bythetimethemanagermanagedtoget

tothem為Bythetime引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句;so...that...引導(dǎo)結(jié)

果狀語(yǔ)從句,其中,affectedbythefloo