湖南省邵東縣一中高三適應性調研考試新高考英語試題及答案解析

湖南省邵東縣一中高三適應性調研考試新高考英語試題請考生注意：1．請用2B鉛筆將選擇題答案涂填在答題紙相應位置上，請用0．5毫米及以上黑色字跡的鋼筆或簽字筆將主觀題的答案寫在答題紙相應的答題區(qū)內。寫在試題卷、草稿紙上均無效。2．答題前，認真閱讀答題紙上的《注意事項》，按規(guī)定答題。第一部分（共20小題，每小題1.5分，滿分30分）1．Mr.Chapmanretiredat70afterhenearly40yearswiththeGasCompany．A．hadspent B．hasspent C．spends D．wouldspend2．Don’tletthechildwhois________gotoschool．A．soyoungasto B．notoldenoughto C．notoldenough D．tooyoungto3．--Itshouldn’ttakelongtoclearupafterthepartyifweallvolunteertohelp．---That’sright．_____________．A．Manyhandsmakelightwork B．SomethingisbetterthannothingC．Themorethemerrier D．Thesoonerbegin,thesoonerdone4．AmericansingerTaylorSwift,21,________bigatthe2011AcademyofCountryMusicAwardsintheUSonApril3rd.A．stood B．gave C．scored D．made5．—______yousinganddanceatthislatehourofthenight?—Sorry,Iwillstoprightnow.A．May B．ShallC．Will D．Must6．—DoyoulikethemobilegameTravelingFrog?—Yes,thepostsaboutthevirtualgreenfrog________over4milliontimes.A．haveread B．havebeenreadC．wouldberead D．arereading7．Weclimbeduptothetopofahill,___________wegotagoodviewofthewholeforestpark.A．which B．whereC．when D．that8．Throughouthistory,Chinanevercolonizedanynation._________thispeacefultradition,itiscommittedtobuildingacommunitywithasharedfutureformankind.A．InlinewithB．InregardtoC．InharmonywithD．Inadditionto9．—Irene,doyoureallywanttogoout?—Itmayrain.___________,Iwillgoout;Idon’tmindtherain.A．Anyhow B．OtherwiseC．Somehow D．Therefore10．______almostonehundredjin,thestonewasmovedbyhimalone.A．Weighed B．Weighing C．Itweighed D．Toweigh11．—Whathappenedtotheyoungtreesweplantedlastweek?—Thetrees__________well,butIdidn’twaterthem.A．mightgrow B．wouldhavegrownC．needn’thavegrown D．wouldgrow12．Iamalwaysdelightedwhenreceivingyourinvitation,______thepartyonJune9thafterthenationalcollegeentranceexamination,Ishallbepleasedtoattend.A．Onaccountof B．WithregardtoC．Inresponseto D．Inviewof13．Thetrafficisheavythesedays.Iarriveabitlate,socouldyousavemeaplace?A．canB．mustC．needD．might14．—Ihavenoideawhatmadethestudentssoexcitedandcrazy.—______ithavebeentheirteam’svictoryinthefinals?A．Must B．CouldC．Would D．Should15．Justasthefamousman_____it,“Anythingonemancanimagine,othermencanmake____real.”A．says,it B．put,/ C．says,/ D．put,them16．—Whatamess!You’realwaysthrowingthingsabout.—Don’tbe____,Mum.Iwilltidyitupnow.A．hotunderthecollarB．oncloudnineC．offthetopofyourheadD．downinthedumps17．Accordingtotheschoolrule,nochildbeallowedoutoftheschool,unlessaccompaniedbyhisorherownparents.A．should B．mustC．shall D．can18．John'ssuccesshasnothingtodowithgoodluck.Itisyearsofhardwork_________hasmadehimwhatheistoday.A．what B．whichC．where D．that19．Nicholaswasverykind,mercifulandgenerous.Thisis________FatherChristmasisbasedon.A．where B．how C．what D．why20．ItisalmostfiveyearssinceJimmytaughthighschoolstudentsandhe_____asaninterpreterinaforeignenterprise.A．servedB．hadservedC．isservingD．wouldserve第二部分閱讀理解（滿分40分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。21．（6分）Themorningafteraneveningstruggletocareformythree-year-olddaughter,Icouldn’twaittogethertoschool.I,asamother,wastiredfromtheangerandherinabilitytocommunicatebecauseofherslowedlanguagedevelopment.AsIaccompaniedherintothecar,Ifeltdesperate.Nothingwasrightwithourworld.She’dbeenbornaroundthesametimewhenthenationwaswitnessingthebirthofanotherGreatRecession.Myjobandmyhousehadbeenvictims.Thenthishappened.Mychild’slanguagedelaywasidentified,butdoctorsstruggledtoproperlyhelpher,Ifeltlikewebothneededtoherescued.IreturnedthatafternoonasdisenchantedwiththelittlegirlIlovedaswhenIleft.Walkingslowlytowardtheschool’splaygroundgate,Ifoundherpreschoolteacherracingtogreetme.“Youshouldhaveseenhertoday!”Hisbreathywordsweresupportedbyexcitement.Ididn’tinterrupt.“Seethatclimber.”Hepointedtoawoodenpieceofplaygroundequipmentthatlookedlikearockwall.Inodded.“Well,everydaysinceshestartedschool,she’striedandfailedtomakeittothetop.”Hetookabreath.“Andtodayshedidit!”Heexpressedhisjoyjustashe’dwitnessedherconqueringMountEverest!“Shecheeredandcelebrated!IwishI’drecordedit!”Hiswordscomfortedme.Mydaughterhadconqueredhermountain.Assherantowardme,IrecognizedsomethingIhadn’tbefore.Isawherperseverance(毅力).Isawherstrength.IsawaHero.Everydaygreatnesscelebratesordinarypeoplewhodounusualthingsinbigandsmallways,showingcourage,kindness,loveandselflessness.Weencourageyoutoclickthesebriefaccountsandinviteyoutoshareyourownstory.1、Whydidtheauthorrushherdaughtertoschool?A．Shewasbusywithherworkasadoctor.B．Shehadafightwithherdaughterlastnight.C．Shebrokedownwhendealingwithherdaughter.D．ShehadtoselltheirhouseduetoGreatRecession.2、Whichofthefollowingbestexplains“disenchanted”underlinedinparagraph3?A．Happy. B．Concerned.C．Careful. D．Disappointed.3、Whydidthelittlegirl’spreschoolteacherfeelexcited?A．ShesucceededinstandingonMountEverest.B．Shemanagedtoclimbupthewoodenequipment.C．Shegotthefirstplaceintheschoolsportsmeet.D．Shebegantocommunicatewithothersnormally.4、Fromwhichisthetextmostprobablytaken?A．Theradio. B．Amagazine.C．Anewspaper. D．TheInternet.22．（8分）Chinesescientistsrecentlyhaveproducedtwomonkeyswiththesamegene,ZhongZhongandHuaHua,usingthesametechniquethatgaveusDollythesheep.Thesemonkeysarenotactuallythefirstprimates（靈長類）tobecloned.AnotheronenamedTetrawasproducedinthelate1990sbyembryo（胚胎）splitting,thedivisionofanearly-stageembryointotwoorfourseparatecellstomakeclones.Bycontrast,theywereeachmadebyreplacinganeggcellnucleus（原子核）withDNAfromadifferentiatedbodycell.ThisDollymethod,knownassomaticcellnucleartransfer（SCNT）,cancreatemoreclonesandallowsresearchersgreatercontrolovertheeditstheymaketotheDNA．Successcamefromadoptingseveralnewtechniques.Theseincludedanewtypeofmicroscopytobetterviewthecellsduringhandlingorusingseveralmaterialsthatencouragecellreprogramming,whichhadn’tbeentriedbeforeonprimates.Still,theresearchprocessproveddifficult,andmanyattemptsbytheteamfailed.Justtwohealthybabymonkeysbornfrommorethan60testedmothers.Thisleadstomanyresearchers’pouringwaterontheideathattheteam’sresultsbringscientistsclosertocloninghumans.Theythoughtthisworkisnotasteppingstonetoestablishingmethodsforobtaininglivebornhumanclones.Instead,thisclearlyremainsaveryfoolishthingtoattempt,itwouldbefartooinefficient,fartoounsafe,anditisalsopointless.Butthescientistsinvolvedemphasizethatthisisnottheirgoal.Thereisnownobarrierforcloningprimatespecies,thuscloninghumansisclosertoreality.However,theirresearchpurposeisentirelyforproducingnon-humanprimatemodelsforhumandiseases;theyabsolutelyhavenointention,andsocietywillnotpermitthisworktobeextendedtohumans.Despitelimitations,theytreatthisbreakthroughanovelmodelsystemforscientistsstudyinghumanbiologyanddisease.1、WhatdoweknowaboutthetechnologycalledSCNT?A．Itcreatedthefirsttwoprimates.B．ItmaycontributetoeditingtheDNA．C．Itcandivideanearly-stageembryointoseveralcells.D．Itproducedtwoclonedmonkeyswithdifferentgenes.2、Whatdoestheauthormeanby“pouringwaterontheidea”inparagraph2?A．Keepingahottopicofit.B．Attachingnoimportancetoit.C．Havingalowopinionofit.D．Addingsupportiveevidencetoit.3、Whatisthescientists’purposetoclonethesemonkeys?A．Topreparefortheirresearchonhumancloning.B．Toserveasasteppingstonetotheirreputation.C．Tohelpwiththestudyofhumandiseases.D．Toraisemoneyforholdinganexhibitionofnovels.4、Whatcanweinferfromthepassage?A．Cloninghumansisalreadyonitsway.B．Newtechniquesseemtobepointless.C．Societywon’tagreetocloneanothermonkey.D．Thesuccessrateofcloningamonkeywasnothigh.23．（8分）Manyyoungpeoplethesedaysadoretheadvertisedmagazinebodyandbecometoofocusedonattainingthisimageinsteadofworryingmoreaboutwhatlastsandevengrowsovertime.Butcouldyouimaginebeingconsideredbeautifulforyears,andsuddenlybeinguglyaftermovingtoanothercontinent?Itisasadrealitythatpeopledon’trealizehowvacillatingtheideaofbeautycanbefromonecountrytoanother.ThinkofthemosttypicalAmericangirlyouknow.Issheblondehairedwithwhiteskinandlighteyes,anddoessheloveshoppingorsports?NowplacethisgirlintheheartofAfrica,aplacewherebeautyisplacedonwhatyoucancontrol.TheMaasaitribeinKenyafocusesonhowcleanpeopleare,andhowstylishtheirpiercings(穿孔)are.Thistribe’scultureistobeabravefighter,sotheywillcuttheirskinwithpatternsinittoshowthattheyarestrong.Ifyoudon’tlookfierce,youarenotbeautiful.OthercountrieslikeNorthKoreaandSouthKoreahavetheirownuniqueviewsonbeauty.Inaninterview,awomanwhohaslivedinbothNorthandSouthKoreaclaimsthatbeautyinNorthKoreaisbasedmoreonyourabilitytobeagoodwomanandwife.ShesaysthatwomeninNorthKoreaarelessconcernedaboutfashionandbeautyinthephysicalsense.Shesaystheydidhaveatimewhenbigeyeswereabigdealandeveryonewantedtogetdoubleeyelidsurgery.ThisissomethingextremeandcouldperhapsbeinfluencedbyWesternculture.Andtheideaofgettingsurgerydonetolookmoreattractiveiscrazy.1、Whatdoestheunderlinedword“vacillating”inParagraph1probablymean?A．Inconsistent.B．Reasonable.C．Unusual.D．Similar.2、TheMaasaitribeinKenyaismentionedtoshowthatintheireyes_______.A．gettingdirtyisstylishB．lookingfierceisbeautifulC．strongpeoplecuttheirskinD．Americangirlsloveshopping3、Accordingtothewomaninterviewed,womeninNorthKoreanow_______.A．carealotabouttheirappearanceB．putthebeautyofeyesinthefirstplaceC．paygreatattentiontotheirabilityD．arecrazyaboutdoubleeyelidsurgery4、Whatdoesthetextmainlytellus?A．Innerbeautyisofgreatimportance.B．Ideasofbeautyvaryamongculturegroups.C．Differentwaysareneededtoadmiretruebeauty.D．Fashionmagazineseasilyinfluenceyoungpeople.24．（8分）Haveyoueverlookedatafashionableitemofclothingandfeltconfused?Ifso,yourconfusionmayhavemadesense.Severalmonthsago,highfashionbrandBalenciagareleaseda“T-shirtshirt”,whichisashirtsewnonthefrontofaT-shirt.Theunusualdesignhascertainlyconfusedalotofpeople.Butthe“doubleshirt”isn’tfightingaloneonthefrontierofstrangefashion.EversinceUSshoemanufacturerCrocsreleaseditsfamoushole-filledfoamshoes,theso-called“uglyfashion”hasn’tshowedanysignsofslowingdown,theBusinessofFashionwebsitenoted.BritishdesignerPaulSurridgebelievesthattheriseofuglyfashionisasignthatpeopleareboredwithlookingperfectallthetime.“Fashionthrives(v.蓬勃發(fā)展)onnovelty”,hetoldtheFinancialTimes.Indeed,fashionisallaboutchanges.Somethingthat’sconsidereduncooloneminutecanthenturnouttobethelatestmust-havefashionitemthenext.AndintheeyesofUSfashionwriterMeganCollins,uglydoesn’tnecessarilymeanthedesignoftheitemisugly.Afterall,uglyissomethingsubjective.“Uglyfashionmeans‘notthemainstream’—itisnotwhateveryone’swearing;itisnotwhatthegeneralpopulationconsidersas‘in’rightnow,”shetoldstylenewssiteFashionista.Butthroughoutthehistoryoffashion,whenanynewtrendappears,mostpeopletendtohateit,beforeiteventuallybecomesloved.AsItaliandesignerMiucciaPradatoldTheNewYorkTimes,“Maybebecauseitisnewer,uglyisattractive.Uglyisexciting.”Meanwhile,popularsocialmediafashionbloggersalsohelppeopletopickupnewuglyfashiontrends.Thesebloggersexpressthemselvesthroughtheirclothes,showingtheiruniquepersonalitiesandmakingstatementswiththeirwardrobechoices.However,asClever-ishMagazinenoted,justbeingcomfortableinyourownskincouldactuallybe“thebestlook”.“Ipersonallylovehavingauniqueexpressionbecausewithoutuglyfashionanddiversity,we’dalllookthesame,”AustralianfashioninfluencerandmodelZanitaWhittingtontoldFashionista.“Iappreciateanythingthat’soutofthenorm(n.規(guī)范).”1、Theunderlinedword“in”inthepassagecouldbereplacedby____________.A．uglyB．fashionableC．affordableD．expensive2、Whatwillsomesocialmediafashionbloggersdotoshowtheirpersonalities?A．Theywilldressthemselvestolookperfect.B．Theywilltrysomenewandexcitingclothes.C．Theywillmakestatementswithothers’clotheschoices.D．Theywillexpressthemselvesbywearinguglyclothes.3、WhatcanweinferfromZanitaWhittington’swords?A．Sheisinfavorofuglyfashiontrends.B．Shedoesn’tcareaboutfashionatall.C．Shehopestobethesameasothers.D．Shewantstolookuglyasamodel.25．（10分）Itseemsthatelectronicdevicesjustkeepgettingsmaller.ScientistsintheUnitedStateshaveannouncedthecreationofthefirsttransistorwithonlytwodimensions（二維）.Atransistorisasmallelectronicdevicethattransfersorcarrieselectroniccurrent.Scientistshopethesenew2Dtransistorswillbeusedforbuildinghigh-resolution（高分辨率）displaysthatneedverylittleenergy.Twogroupsofscientistscreatedthese2Dtransistors.Theyreportthatthetransistorsareonlyafewatomsthick.Usuallytransistorsaremadewiththeelementsilicon（硅）.Computerprocessors,memorychips,TVscreensandotherelectronicdevicescontainbillionsofsilicon-basedtransistors.Buttheseverysmallelectricalpartshavecertainlimitations.DimitrisIoannouisanelectricalengineeringprofessoratGeorgeMasonUniversity.Hesaysthetraditionaltransistorhasbeenimprovedasmuchasitcanbe.Headdsthatresearchershavebeenlookingfornewmaterialswithspecialfeaturesandtheywanttransistorstobeseenthroughandsoft.“Ifthelayersareverythin,thetransistorcanbecomeflexible,soitdoesn'thavetoberigid（堅硬的）,likeitwouldbeinasiliconchip.Sopeoplecanthinkofapplicationslikewearableelectronics,televisionscreensandotherthings,”saidIoannou.Thesenewtransistorscanalsocarryhighercurrent.Theyalsocanmovethecurrentmuchfasterthantraditionaltransistors.Thisisimportantforhigh-definitionscreens.DimitrisIoannousaysthescientificsuccesscouldproveveryusefulinthefuture."Now,howgoodandhowusefulitwillbe,it'sstillinthestageofresearch,butitcertainlyisanadvance,"saidIoannou.1、WhichofthefollowingstatementsaboutthenewlycreatedtransistorisTRUE?A．Theyareexpectedtobeusedinhigh-resolutiondisplays.B．Thetransistorsaremadewiththeelementsilicon.C．Theyarerigid,justliketraditionaltransistors.D．Theyhavealreadybeenputintoactualuse.2、WhatdoestheunderlinedsentenceinParagraph5mean?A．Thetraditionaltransistorshavebeenchangedintotwo-dimensionalones.B．Manyofthetraditionaltransistorshavebeenimprovedovertheyears.C．Thetraditionaltransistorhasbeendevelopedtoitsfullest.D．Thetraditionaltransistorhasbeendevelopedquitewell.3、WhatisDimitrisIoannou'sattitudetowardsthecreationofthenewtransistors?A．Negative.B．Neutral.C．Indifferent.D．Positive.第三部分語言知識運用（共兩節(jié)）第一節(jié)（每小題1.5分，滿分30分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項．26．（30分）完形填空閱讀下面短文。從短文后各題所給的四個選項（A、B、C和D）中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。Bobbywasgettingcoldinthesnow.Hisshoeshadafewholesanddidapoorjobofkeepingoutthe1Hehadbeenoutforaboutanhouralready,2hecouldnothitanideaforhismother'sChristmasgift.Eversincehisfatherdiedthreeyearsago,thefamilyhad3.Hismother’ssmallwagecould4makeendsmeet.Whatthefamilylackedin5theymadeupforinlove.Bobby'ssisters,cleverwithhands,hadalready6beautifulgiftsfortheirmother.ButBobbyhadnothing.Standingup,Bobbywalkedtothestreet.Itwasn't7withoutafather,especiallywhenheneededamantotalkto.Hewalkedfromshoptoshop.Everythingseemedsobeautifulandsooutof8ItwasgettingdarkandBobbyturnedtowalkhomewhen9hiseyescaughtsomethingshiningontheground.Hereacheddownand10ashinydime(acoinoftencents).Neverbeforehasanyonefeltso11asBobbyfeltatthatmoment12spreadthroughouthisbody13hisnewfoundtreasure,hewalkedintoanearbystore.His14quicklyturnedcoldwhenknowinghecouldbuynothingwithonlyadime.Thenhewentintoaflowershop.Bobbyhandedthedimeandasked15hecouldbuyoneflowerforhismother.LookingatBobbyandhisdime,theshopkeeper16forasecondandaskedBobbytowaitthere.Thenhewentin.Fewminuteslater,theshopkeepercameoutwithabunchofbeautifulredroses.Bobby'sheart17astheshopkeeperplacedtherosesgentlyintoabeautifulbox.Hehadonlyadime!"Thatwillbetencents,youngman,”theshopownersaid18Bobbygavethemanhiscoinindisbelief.Couldthisbetrue?19theboy'smind,theshopkeeperadded,"Ijusthappenedtohavesomerosesonsale.Wouldyoulikethem?"ThistimeBobbydidn't20Walkingoutofthedoor,Bobbyheardtheshopkeepersay,"MerryChristmas,son."1、A．rain B．cold C．dark D．dust2、A．yet B．so C．or D．thus3、A．ended B．moved C．struggled D．united4、A．hardly B．probably C．usually D．totally5、A．time B．spirit C．money D．education6、A．bought B．made C．ordered D．exchanged7、A．safe B．wise C．strange D．easy8、A．mind B．control C．reach D．sight9、A．gradually B．suddenly C．hurriedly D．deliberately10、A．searched B．watched C．placed D．discovered11、A．popular B．special C．wealthy D．comfortable12、A．Warmth B．Panic C．Regret D．Ambition13、A．Choosing B．Holding C．Bringing D．Fetching14、A．guilt B．patience C．curiosity D．excitement15、A．what B．why C．if D．when16、A．paused B．looked C．waited D．prayed17、A．settled B．sank C．bled D．relieved18、A．Slowly B．Calmly C．Secretly D．Unwillingly19、A．Changing B．Clearing C．Occupying D．Reading20、A．refuse B．stop C．insist D．hesitate第二節(jié)（每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入1個適當的單詞或括號內單詞的正確形式。27．（15分）Iwaswalkingwithafriendyesterday1．Ifoundacellphoneinapileofsnow.Ipicked2．upanditstillworked!IstartedlookingthroughthenamelistanddialingnumberstoseewhetherIcouldfigureoutwhosephoneitwas.3．(luck),onlyonepersonansweredandshedidn'trecognizethenumber.Sincethatladydidn'tknowwhosephoneitwas,myfriendsuggestedthatwegobackto4．housethatwefoundthecellphoneinfrontof.Iknockedonthedoorandtwocollege-agepersonsanswered.They5．(lose)theirphones,butasItoldthemthestoryandmentionedsome6．onthenamelist,theyoungmansaidthathealsohadthosenamesandit7．bethephoneoftheirfriends.Ireallydidn'thaveanythingtosay,becauseinmymindIwasjustdoingtherightthing.I8．(immediate)triedtofindtheowner,becausethatisexactly9．IwouldwantsomeonetodoifeitherIoranyofmyfamilymemberslostphones.Thepurposeofhelpingothersisnotforreturn.10．(help)othersismorethanenoughformeanditisthemostendlessjoyoflife.第四部分寫作（共兩節(jié)）第一節(jié)短文改錯（滿分10分）28．（10分）假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請你修改同桌寫的以下作文。文中共有10處語言錯誤，每句中最多有兩處。每處錯誤僅涉及一個單詞的增加、刪除或修改。增加：在缺詞處加一個漏字符號（∧），并在其下面寫出該加的詞。刪除：把多余的詞用斜線（\）劃掉。修改：在錯的詞下劃一橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。注意：1、每處錯誤及其修改均僅限一詞；2、只允許修改10處，多者（從第11處起）不計分。Nowadays,itiscommoninChinathatsomepeopletendtoruntheredlightingroupwhencrossedthestreet、Actually,runningtheredlightarequitedangerous、Therearetwomainreasonswhichpeopleruntheredlight、First,somepeopleareinsuchthehurrythattheyignorethetrafficlights、Otherstookitforgrantedthatdrivershavetostopbecausesomanypeoplecrossthestreettogether、Inordertopreventfromthisdangerousbehavior,moreoverpasses(立交橋)shouldbebuilttomakeeasierforthepublictocrossthestreet、Besides,peopleshouldbeeducatetofollowthetrafficrulesandwhoeverbreaksthetr