【英語】浙江省三鋒聯(lián)盟2023-2024學年高二下學期4月期中試題（解析版）

浙江省三鋒聯(lián)盟2023-2024學年高二下學期4月期中英語試題選擇題部分第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.￡19.15.B.￡9.18.C.￡9.15.答案是C。1.WhatwillChrisdonext?A.WatchtheWorldCup.B.Drinksomecoffee.C.Gotosleep.2.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Strangers.B.Classmates.C.Relatives.3.Whatisthewoman'sattitudetotheman'ssuggestion?A.Favorable.B.Tolerant.C.Negative.4.WhatcanwelearnaboutTom?A.He'sunwillingtostudy.B.He'ssmartforhisage.C.He'sdifficulttogetalongwith.5.WhatdidKevindoyesterday?A.Hewentswimming.B.Hecleaneduphishouse.C.Hetalkedwithhisgrandparents.第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項，并標在試卷的相應位置。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.Whoisarrangingthemeeting?A.Peter.B.David.C.Janet.7.Whendoesthemanprefertohavethemeeting?A.ThisFriday.B.ThisWednesday.C.NextMonday.聽第7段材料，回答第8、9題。8.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Travelexperiences.B.Vacationplans.C.Favoriteseasons.9.Whatdoesthemanwanttodo?A.Gotothebeach.B.Findasummerjob.C.MovetoWashington.聽第8段材料，回答第10至12題。10.WhatdoesthenewssayaboutbigonlinespendersintheUS?A.Thenumberofthemgrowsslowly.B.Therearemorementhanwomen.C.Theymakeuphalfofallshoppers.11.HowmuchdidAmericansspendshoppingonlinelastyear?A.$990billion.B.$1,500billion.C.$453billion.12.WhatdidGeorgebuyonlinelastSunday?A.Anadventurenovel.B.Asoftwarepackage.C.AnotebyMarkTwain.聽第9段材料，回答第13至16題。13.WhathasRichardbeendoing?A.Visitingamuseum.B.WatchingTV.C.Studying.14.WhydoesSusancallRichard?A.Toaskforhelp.B.Togivethanks.C.Tomakeanappointment.15.WhatdoesSusanwanttodo?A.Seeanexhibition.B.Buyanewcellphone.C.Takepicturesofthesnow.16.Whatwillthespeakersprobablydo?A.Attendaparty.B.Gotoapark.C.Playfootball.聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17.Wheredidthespeakerlearnaboutcollege?A.Fromthemovies.B.Fromherfamily.C.Fromthebooks.18.Whathelpedchangethespeaker'sattitudetowardsstudy?A.Hergraduateprogram.B.Herprofessor'sadvice.C.HertriptoAfrica.19.Howdoesthespeakerfeelwhenshetalksaboutherpastexperiences?A.Relieved.B.Grateful.C.Regretful.20.Whoisthespeakerprobablytalkingto?A.Highschoolstudents.B.Collegeteachers.C.Conservationworkers.第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。ATherearemanygreatindependentbookstoresinNorthCarolina.Ifyou’relookingforsomegoodbookstoread,youcanvisitthebookstoreslistedbelow.PurpleCrowBooksIt’saliterarymeetingplacerightinhistoricdowntownHillsborough.Itwasopenedin2009.Youcanfindnewbooks,usedonesorthelatestworksbylocalauthors.Becauseitspecializesinlocalwriters,PurpleCrowBooksisafavoritetouristdestination.It’sagreatplacetograbasignedcopyofabookbyyourfavoritelocalauthor.109WestKingStreet,Hillsborough,NC27278QuailRidgeBooksThisisanindependentbookstorewithfriendlystaffdedicatedto(致力于)providingthebestcustomerservice.Foundedin1984byNancyOlson,thestoreprovidesawidevarietyofcarefullyselectedbooks,events,discussiongroupsandtownhallmeetings.TheownerLisaPooleboughtthestorein2013andisdedicatedtoservingthelocals.4209-100LassiterMillRoad,Raleigh,NC27609PomegranateBooksThisbookstoreislocatedinthehistoricBorkenhagenHouseintheWinterParkneighborhoodofWilmington,NorthCarolina.Ithasbeenfindinggoodhomesforgreatbookssince2005.Itstocksacarefullyselectedcollectionofliteraryandlife-enhancingtitlesforallagesandalsofeatureslocally-madecardsandgiftitems.4418ParkAve,Wilmington,NC28403ScuppernongBooksThisbookstorewasopenedonDecember21,2013andhasbeenanimportantpartoftherebirthofdowntownGreensboroeversince.Itfeaturesfictionandpoetryalongwitharemarkablechildren’ssectionandabroadrangeofgeneralinteresttitles.Withinthestoreisabusycafeservingcoffee,wine,andbeersourcedprimarilyfromlocalsmallbusinesses.304SouthElmStreet,Greensboro,NC274011.WhatisspecialaboutPurpleCrowBooks?A.Itholdsvariousreadingactivities. B.Itmainlysellsbooksbylocalwriters.C.Itfocusesonsellingsecond-handbooks. D.Itissupportedbylocalsmallbusinesses.2.Whichbookstorehasthelongesthistory?A.QuailRidgeBooks. B.PurpleCrowBooks.C.PomegranateBooks. D.ScuppernongBooks.3.WhowouldprefertovisitScuppernongBooks?A.Peoplelovingnon-fictionbooks. B.Peoplelikinghandmadecardsandgifts.C.Peopleenjoyingaveryquietenvironment. D.Peoplefondofbuyingcollectionsofpoetry.【答案】1.B2.A3.D【語篇解讀】這是一篇應用文。文章主要介紹了四家獨立書店的情況。【1題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)PurpleCrowBooks部分中“Becauseitspecializesinlocalwriters,PurpleCrowBooksisafavoritetouristdestination.It’sagreatplacetograbasignedcopyofabookbyyourfavoritelocalauthor.(因為它專門研究當?shù)刈骷业淖髌?，紫鴉書店是一個很受歡迎的旅游目的地。在這里你可以買到你最喜歡的當?shù)刈骷业暮灻麜?”可知，PurpleCrowBooks的特別之處在于主要賣本地作家的書。故選B。【2題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)PurpleCrowBooks部分中“Itwasopenedin2009.(它于2009年開業(yè)。)”；QuailRidgeBooks部分中“Foundedin1984byNancyOlson,thestoreprovidesawidevarietyofcarefullyselectedbooks,events,discussiongroupsandtownhallmeetings.(這家書店由南?！W爾森于1984年創(chuàng)立，提供各種精心挑選的書籍、活動、討論小組和市政廳會。)”；PomegranateBooks部分中“Ithasbeenfindinggoodhomesforgreatbookssince2005.(自2005年以來，它一直在為偉大的書籍尋找好去處。)”以及ScuppernongBooks部分中“ThisbookstorewasopenedonDecember21,2013andhasbeenanimportantpartoftherebirthofdowntownGreensboroeversince.(這家書店于2013年12月21日開業(yè)，自那以后一直是格林斯博羅市中心重生的重要組成部分。)”可知，QuailRidgeBooks的歷史最悠久。故選A?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)ScuppernongBooks部分中“Itfeaturesfictionandpoetryalongwitharemarkablechildren’ssectionandabroadrangeofgeneralinteresttitles.(它的特色是小說和詩歌，以及一個引人注目的兒童部分和廣泛的一般興趣標題。)”可知，喜歡買詩集的人更愿意參觀ScuppernongBooks。故選D。BIwassurfingtheInternet,planningforour15th-anniversarytripwhenaperfectspotattractedme:TheShireofMontana,a“hobbithouse”,whichJimmyhusbandhaddreamedabout.Iknewhe’dbeimpressed.Andoursix-year-olddaughter,Aurora,wouldlikeit,too.IwasabouttobookourreservationwhenIsawanoteonthewebsite:Nokidsallowed.Thatruinedeverything!Luckily,therewasanemailaddressonthesite.Ipluckedupthecouragetocontacttheowner.Soon,areplyarrived,saying,“Ifyoupromisethatyourdaughterisresponsibleandwillnottouch,shecancome.”Iwasrelieved,thinkingAurorawasagoodkid.“Thiswillbeokay,”Iwroteback.Thedayfinallyarrived.Wepiledintothecar.Icouldn’thelpbeingexcited,imaginingJimandAurora’sreactions.Wepassedasignthatread,“Theadventurebegins…”TurningontotheHobbitLane,Ifeltapangofanxiety.Assoonaswegotoutofthecar,IpulledAuroraaside.“Childrenaren’tusuallyallowedhere,”Isaid.“Soyouhavetobevery,verycareful.Youcanlookateverything,butdon’ttouch.”Iexplainedtheruleandhowterribleitwouldbetodamageanything.Aurora’seyeswidenedatmyno-nonsensetone.“Ipromise,Mom,”shesaid.Obviously,myconcernwassuperfluous.WespentseveraldaysatTheShire.Aurorawasdelightedateachdiscoverybutsheneverdisturbedathing.Shetookherresponsibilitytoprotecttheowner’sworkseriously.Itturnedoutthatrespectingboundariesdidn’ttakeawaythebeautyandwonder,itallowedTheShiretoremainbeautifulandwonderfulintothefuture.Notsodifferentfromamarriage,Ithought.NowIunderstoodwhywewenttothisplacetocelebrateourfifteenthanniversary.JimandImovedthroughlifesidebysideasacouple,andwe’dlearnedtoaccepteachother’sindividualityandboundariesaswell.Marriageisfullofsurprises,challengesandadventures.Thekeytomakingitworkisrespectingeachother.4.Whatcanwelearnfromthefirstparagraph?A.Theauthormetaproblemwhileplanningatrip.B.Theauthorandherhusbandhadbeenmarriedfor6years.C.Auroradidn’twanttotakeatriptoTheShireofMontana.D.Thetripwasruinedbecausetheauthordidn’treservearoom.5.Whydidtheauthorfeelapangofanxiety?A.Shefeltitaburdentotakecareofherdaughter.B.Shedoubtedifherdaughterwouldbehavewell.C.Sheworriedherdaughterwouldn’tbeadmitted.D.Shewasn’tsurewhetherherhusbandwouldliketheplace.6.Whichofthefollowingcanreplacetheunderlinedword“superfluous”inparagraph4?A.considerable B.important C.unnecessary D.common7.Whatdoestheauthorwanttoconveythroughthetext?A.Don’tgiveupuntilyoutryyourbest.B.Goodrolemodelsareessentialforteachingkids.C.Respectcontributestoahappyandlastingmarriage.D.Obeyingtherulesisimportantwhendealingwithpeople.【答案】4.A5.B6.C7.C【語篇解讀】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了作者和家人外出度假，女兒表現(xiàn)良好，讓作者意識到了互相尊重適用于親子和婚姻關系?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“IwasabouttobookourreservationwhenIsawanoteonthewebsite:Nokidsallowed.Thatruinedeverything!(我正要預訂座位時，在網(wǎng)站上看到一條告示：兒童不得入內(nèi)。那毀了一切！)”可知，作者在計劃旅行時遇到了一個問題。故選A?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Wepassedasignthatread,“Theadventurebegins…”TurningontotheHobbitLane,Ifeltapangofanxiety.Assoonaswegotoutofthecar,IpulledAuroraaside.“Childrenaren’tusuallyallowedhere,”Isaid.“Soyouhavetobevery,verycareful.Youcanlookateverything,butdon’ttouch.”Iexplainedtheruleandhowterribleitwouldbetodamageanything.(我們經(jīng)過一塊牌子，上面寫著：“冒險開始了……”拐進霍比特人巷，我感到一陣焦慮。我們一下車，我就把奧羅拉到一邊。“這里通常不允許孩子進來，”我說?！八阅惚仨毞浅７浅Ｐ⌒?。你可以看所有的東西，但不要碰?！蔽医忉屃艘?guī)則，以及損壞任何東西會有多可怕)”可知，作者感到一陣焦慮是因為她懷疑她的女兒是否會表現(xiàn)良好。故選B。【6題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)劃線詞后文“WespentseveraldaysatTheShire.Aurorawasdelightedateachdiscoverybutsheneverdisturbedathing.Shetookherresponsibilitytoprotecttheowner’sworkseriously.Itturnedoutthatrespectingboundariesdidn’ttakeawaythebeautyandwonder,itallowedTheShiretoremainbeautifulandwonderfulintothefuture.(我們在夏爾待了幾天。愛洛對每一個發(fā)現(xiàn)都很高興，但她從不打擾任何事情。她認真對待保護業(yè)主作品的責任。事實證明，尊重邊界并沒有帶走美麗和奇跡，它讓夏爾在未來保持美麗和精彩)”可知，作者的女兒表現(xiàn)良好，所以作者的擔心是不必要的。由此可知，劃線詞意思是“不必要的”。故選C?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“JimandImovedthroughlifesidebysideasacouple,andwe’dlearnedtoaccepteachother’sindividualityandboundariesaswell.Marriageisfullofsurprises,challengesandadventures.Thekeytomakingitworkisrespectingeachother.(吉姆和我作為一對夫妻并肩度過了一生，我們也學會了接受彼此的個性和界限?；橐龀錆M了驚喜、挑戰(zhàn)和冒險。維系關系的關鍵在于相互尊重)”可推知，作者想要表達的是尊重有助于幸福和持久的婚姻。故選C。CTheage-oldchoreofdustingcouldsoonbeathingofthepast.Scientistsaredeveloping“self-cleaning”surfacesthatmakedustparticlesunabletosticktothem.ResearchersfromtheUniversityofTexasatAustinsaytheparticlesinsteadsticktoeachotherandsimplyrolloffthesurfaceswithnothingmorethantheassistanceofgravity.Thescientistsalteredthegeometry(幾何構(gòu)造)offlatsurfacesatalevelinvisibletohumaneyes.Theteammadeatightly-packednanoscale(納米級)networkofpyramid-shapedstructuresonthesurfaceswhichmadeitdifficultfordustparticlestosticktothematerial.Instead,theparticlessticktoeachotherbeforerollingoffthematerialduetogravity.Thestudy,fundedbyagrant(撥款)fromNASA’sSmallBusinessInnovationResearchprogram,testedthematerialbypilinglunardustontheirengineeredsurfacesbeforeturningthemontheirsides.Theteamfoundthatjusttwopercentofthesurfaceremaineddusty,comparedwithmorethan35percentofanunalteredsmoothsurface.Thenewsurfacecouldprovideapassivesolutiontoremovingdust,asopposedtomoreactivemethodslikeusingwipersandfluidtocleardustfromacarwindscreen.“Whatwe’vedemonstratedhereisasurfacethatcancleanitself,”saysleadstudyauthorChih-HaoChang.“Particulatesaren’tabletosticktothesurface,sotheycomeoffusingjusttheforceofgravity.”Studyauthorshopethematerialprovidesasolutiontospacedust,whichcanbeextremelyharmfulinsuchahigh-riskenvironmentandisalmostimpossibletocleanout.SpacedusthaspreviouslycausedgreatdamagetoNASA’shumanspaceflightApollomissionsandhasevencausedroversonMarstomalfunctionandfail.“There’snotmuchyoucandoaboutlunardustinspace—itstickstoeverythingandthere’snorealwaytowipeitoff,”saysSamuelLee,aleadauthorofthestudy.“DustonsolarpanelsofMarsroverscancausethemtofail.”However,theresearchersalsobelievethediscoverycouldproveusefulonEarth,preventingsolarpanelsfromcollectingdustandlosingefficiency.Thesesurfacesmayevenprotectourscreensandwindowsfromirritatingdust.8.Howdidthescientistsaltertheflatsurfaces?A.Byputtingthinpaintonthem. B.Bycreatingaspecialnetworkonthem.C.Bymakingparticlessticktoeachother. D.Bymakingtheminvisibletohumaneyes.9.Whatcanwelearnaboutthesurfacesafterthetest?A.Over35%ofthesurfacesweredusty.B.Justtwopercentofthesurfacesremaineddusty.C.Thesurfacesstillneededtobecleanedwithwipersandfluid.D.Thesurfacesattractedmoredustparticlesthancommonones.10.WhydoestheauthormentionNASA’shumanspaceflightApollomissionsandroversonMars?A.Toshowthematerialcanbeveryhelpful. B.Toproveirritatingdustexistseverywhere.C.Toshowtheimportanceofspaceexploration. D.ToexplainwhyNASAsupportedtheresearch.11.Whatisthemainideaofthetext?A.Dustthreatenedmissionsinspace. B.Scientistsdevelopedself-cleaningsurfaces.C.Self-cleaningsurfacesprovedusefulonEarth. D.ScientistsdevelopedamaterialforroversonMars.【答案】8.B9.B10.A11.B【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。文章主要說明了研究人員開發(fā)了一種可以自我清潔的表面，解釋了其工作原理以及測試情況和未來的應用?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Theteammadeatightly-packednanoscale(納米級)networkofpyramid-shapedstructuresonthesurfaceswhichmadeitdifficultfordustparticlestosticktothematerial.(該團隊在表面制作了一個金字塔形結(jié)構(gòu)的緊密排列的納米級網(wǎng)絡，這使得灰塵顆粒很難粘在材料上)”可知，科學家們通過建立一個特殊的網(wǎng)絡改變平面。故選B?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Theteamfoundthatjusttwopercentofthesurfaceremaineddusty,comparedwithmorethan35percentofanunalteredsmoothsurface.(研究小組發(fā)現(xiàn)，只有2%的表面仍有灰塵，而未改變的光滑表面有超過35%的灰塵)”可知，測試后，只有2%的表面仍有灰塵。故選B。【10題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“Studyauthorshopethematerialprovidesasolutiontospacedust,whichcanbeextremelyharmfulinsuchahigh-riskenvironmentandisalmostimpossibletocleanout.SpacedusthaspreviouslycausedgreatdamagetoNASA’shumanspaceflightApollomissionsandhasevencausedroversonMarstomalfunctionandfail.(研究作者希望這種材料能為太空塵埃提供解決方案，太空塵埃在這樣一個高風險的環(huán)境中是極其有害的，而且?guī)缀醪豢赡芮宄４饲?，太空塵埃對美國宇航局的阿波羅載人航天任務造成了巨大損害，甚至導致火星上的漫游者發(fā)生故障和失敗)”可知，作者提到美國宇航局的載人航天阿波羅任務和火星探測器是為了展示材料會很有幫助。故選A?！?1題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“Theage-oldchoreofdustingcouldsoonbeathingofthepast.Scientistsaredeveloping“self-cleaning”surfacesthatmakedustparticlesunabletosticktothem.ResearchersfromtheUniversityofTexasatAustinsaytheparticlesinsteadsticktoeachotherandsimplyrolloffthesurfaceswithnothingmorethantheassistanceofgravity.(打掃灰塵這種由來已久的苦差事可能很快就會成為過去。科學家們正在開發(fā)一種“自清潔”表面，使灰塵顆粒無法附著在表面上。德克薩斯大學奧斯汀分校的研究人員說，這些粒子相互粘在一起，只是在重力的幫助下從表面滾下來)”結(jié)合文章主要說明了研究人員開發(fā)了一種可以自我清潔的表面，解釋了其工作原理以及測試情況和未來的應用?？芍?，這篇文章的主旨是科學家開發(fā)了自清潔表面。故選B。DWhentemperaturesclimb,manypeoplereachforice-coldbeverages(飲料)tocooldown.Butothersputthekettleon:Hotteaisago-tobeverageyear-roundincountriessuchasBangladesh,China,JapanandSaudiArabia.Manypeoplefindhottearefreshingonhotdays.Canhotdrinksreallycoolyoudownonahotday?AccordingtoPeterMcNaughton,aprofessoratKing’sCollegeLondonwhostudiesthermoregulation(溫度調(diào)節(jié)),hotdrinksreallycancoolyoudown.“Itseemstotallycounterintuitive(反直覺的，違反直覺的),”McNaughtonsaid.“Drinkingahotdrinkreallydoesmakeyoudropyourtemperatureifit’snottoohumidout.”“Ifadrinkiswarmerthanyourbodyatfirst,obviously,thatdrinkmakesyouhotter,”McNaughtonsaid.Buthumans,likeallwarmbloodedanimals,areconstantlyadjustingtomaintainaconsistentinternaltemperature.McNaughtonfoundthathotdrinksactivateareceptor(接受器)inournervescalledTRPV1,whichtellsthebodyitneedstocooldown.Inresponse,humanssweat.“Sweatpoolingonskinisuncomfortable,butaddabreezeorafan,andtheairblowingpasthelpssweatevaporate(蒸發(fā)),takingheatwithit,”McNaughtonsaid.“Ingeneral,yourlifedependsonsweating.SweatingcanhelphumanssurviveinsomeofthehighesttemperaturesdocumentedonEarth,atleastindryheat.Sweatislesseffectiveinhighhumiditybecausetheairisalreadyfullofwatervaporandcan’tabsorbasmuchfromtheskin,that’swhyinhighhumidity,thesurvivabletemperatureismuchlower.”A2012studyinthejournalActaPhysiologicafoundthatwhensweatfullyevaporates,hotdrinkscanhelpcoolpeopleoffoverall,atleasttemporarily.Thatstudylookedatcyclistsbikingquicklyenoughtocreatetheirownbreezeinaclimatewithnohumidity:idealconditionsforsweatevaporation.Inthereverseeffect,colddrinkslowerbodytemperaturesandthenmakethebrainreducesweatinginordertobringbodytemperaturebacktoitsbaseline.A2018papersuggeststhatwithlesswind,morehumidity,orotherbarrierstoeffectivesweating—liketheheavyclothingwornbyfirefighters—itmaymakemoresensetocooloffbydrinkingcrushedice.12.WhatdoweknowaboutpeopleinBangladesh,China,JapanandSaudiArabia?A.Theylikeice-coldbeveragesonhotdays.B.Theyfavorhotteaovercolddrinksyear-round.C.Theydoubtwhetherhotteacanhelpcoolthemdown.D.Theybelieveice-coldbeveragesareharmfultotheirhealth.13.Whatcanwelearnfromparagraph3?A.TRPV1helpsadjustbloodtemperature. B.Bloodhelpsaddheattothehumanbody.C.Sweatinghelpsincreaseourbodytemperature. D.TRPV1sendssignalsrelatedtobodytemperature.14.WhydoestheauthorquoteMcNaughton’swordsaboutsweatingparagraph4?A.Toshowthedangerofhighhumidity. B.Torevealwhysomepeoplesweatmore.C.Totellusaboutthefunctionofsweating. D.Todisplayhowpeoplesurviveextremeheat.15.Whatcanweconcludeafterreadingthetext?A.Drinkingenoughwaterbenefitsourbodies.B.Weshouldavoidcoldwaterinhighhumidity.C.Hotwatercoolsusdownbetterthancoldwater.D.Hotdrinkshelpcoolthebodyundercertainconditions.【答案】12.B13.D14.C15.D【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。文章主要說明了研究表明喝熱飲可以有助于身體降溫，解釋了其中的原理?！?2題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Butothersputthekettleon:Hotteaisago-tobeverageyear-roundincountriessuchasBangladesh,China,JapanandSaudiArabia.(但也有人把水壺打開：在孟加拉國、中國、日本和沙特阿拉伯等國家，熱茶是全年的必備飲料。)”可知，孟加拉國、中國、日本和沙特阿拉伯的人全年都喜歡熱茶而不是冷飲。故選B?！?3題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“McNaughtonfoundthathotdrinksactivateareceptor(接受器)inournervescalledTRPV1,whichtellsthebodyitneedstocooldown.Inresponse,humanssweat.(麥克諾頓發(fā)現(xiàn)，熱飲會激活我們神經(jīng)中的一種名為TRPV1的受體，它會告訴身體需要降溫。作為回應，人類會出汗。)”可知，TRPV1發(fā)送與體溫有關的信號。故選D?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段““Sweatpoolingonskinisuncomfortable,butaddabreezeorafan,andtheairblowingpasthelpssweatevaporate(蒸發(fā)),takingheatwithit,”McNaughtonsaid.“Ingeneral,yourlifedependsonsweating.SweatingcanhelphumanssurviveinsomeofthehighesttemperaturesdocumentedonEarth,atleastindryheat.Sweatislesseffectiveinhighhumiditybecausetheairisalreadyfullofwatervaporandcan’tabsorbasmuchfromtheskin,that’swhyinhighhumidity,thesurvivabletemperatureismuchlower.”(麥克諾頓說：“汗水聚集在皮膚上是不舒服的，但吹過的風或風扇會幫助汗水蒸發(fā)，帶走熱量?？偟膩碚f，你的生活取決于出汗。出汗可以幫助人類在地球上有記錄的一些最高溫度下生存，至少在干熱的情況下。汗液在高濕度條件下效果較差，因為空氣中已經(jīng)充滿了水蒸氣，不能從皮膚上吸收那么多，這就是為什么在高濕度條件下，生存溫度要低得多?！?”可知，作者在第4段引用了McNaughton關于出汗的話是為了告訴我們出汗的功能。故選C?！?5題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“A2012studyinthejournalActaPhysiologicafoundthatwhensweatfullyevaporates,hotdrinkscanhelpcoolpeopleoffoverall,atleasttemporarily.(2012年發(fā)表在《生理學學報》上的一項研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，當汗液完全蒸發(fā)后，熱飲可以幫助人們整體降溫，至少是暫時的。)”可推知，在某些情況下，熱飲有助于身體降溫。故選D。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Gettingupearlyisactuallythesecrettothesuccessofmanypeople.____16____Itmayimproveyourcognitive(認知的)function.Peoplewhogetupearlyinthemorningcanconcentratebetter,aremoreattentive,andstayenergizedthroughouttheday.____17____Therefore,focusingonimportanttasksearlierwillallowyoutomakebetterdecisionsthanpeoplewhoworklater.A2010HarvardUniversitystudyfoundthatmorningpeoplehavebetterproblem-solvingskills,getbettergradesinschool,andlandhigher-payingjobs.Ithelpsyousleepbetter.Wakingupearlymakesgoingtobedearliereasierandhelpsyougetconsistentsleepandwaketime.____18____Gettingadequatesleepmayloweryourbloodpressure,boostyourmood,aswellasimproveyourbrainfunction.Peoplewhotendtobenightowlsaremorelikelytofeeltiredanddevelopsleepdisorders.Itgivesyoumoretimetoeatbreakfast.____19____Afterall,foodisthefuelpeopleneedtofeelenergizedandreadytofacetheworld.Justdrinkingacupofcoffeeatthedrive-throughwillnotgiveyouwhatyouneed.Enjoyanutritiousbreakfastofhealthybreadrollsoryogurtandfruittostartyourdayoffright.Itgivesyoumoretimeforyourself.Wakingupearlyallowsyoutowatchthesunriseandhavequiettimeathome.Self-careisvitallyimportant,sotakethistimetoenjoyyourcoffee,takeyourdogforalongwalk,writeyourshoppinglist,orjusttakesomeextrametime.Peoplegenerallythinkitisdifficulttogetmoretimeforthemselves.____20____A.Trygoingtothegymorrunningfirstinthemorning.B.People’sbrainsaremorealert(靈敏的)inthemorning.C.Nothingstartsadaybetterthaneatingahealthybreakfast.D.Thishelpstoregulateyourbodyclockandleadstobettersleep.E.Checkoutthesefourgoodreasonstowakeupearlyinthemorning.F.Herearefourmethodsthatwillhelpyoustartyourdayfeelingrelaxed.G.However,settingyouralarmclockearlierwillgiveyouthegiftofextratime.【答案】16.E17.B18.D19.C20.G【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。文章主要論述了四個早起的理由。【16題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Gettingupearlyisactuallythesecrettothesuccessofmanypeople.(早起其實是很多人成功的秘訣)”結(jié)合后文論述了早起的四個理由，故E選項“看看這四個早起的好理由”符合語境，故選E。【17題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Peoplewhogetupearlyinthemorningcanconcentratebetter,aremoreattentive,andstayenergizedthroughouttheday.(早起的人可以更好地集中注意力，更專注，一整天都保持精力充沛)”可知，上文提到早起的人注意力更集中，說明大腦在早上更加靈敏，故B選項“人們的大腦在早上更靈敏”符合語境，故選B?！?8題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Wakingupearlymakesgoingtobedearliereasierandhelpsyougetconsistentsleepandwaketime.(早起可以讓你更容易早睡，幫助你獲得一致的睡眠和醒來時間)”以及后文“Gettingadequatesleepmayloweryourbloodpressure,boostyourmood,aswellasimproveyourbrainfunction.Peoplewhotendtobenightowlsaremorelikelytofeeltiredanddevelopsleepdisorders.(充足的睡眠可以降低你的血壓，改善你的情緒，以及改善你的大腦功能。夜貓子的人更容易感到疲勞，患上睡眠障礙)”可知，上文提到了早起幫助你獲得一致的睡眠和醒來時間，后文提到了充足睡眠的好處，可知本句承接上文，繼續(xù)說明早起帶來的好處，故D選項“這有助于調(diào)節(jié)你的生物鐘，從而獲得更好的睡眠”符合語境，故選D。【19題詳解】根據(jù)后文“Afterall,foodisthefuelpeopleneedtofeelenergizedandreadytofacetheworld.Justdrinkingacupofcoffeeatthedrive-throughwillnotgiveyouwhatyouneed.Enjoyanutritiousbreakfastofhealthybreadrollsoryogurtandfruittostartyourdayoffright.(畢竟，食物是人們感到精力充沛、準備好面對世界所需要的燃料。僅僅在汽車餐廳喝杯咖啡并不能滿足你的需要。享受一頓營養(yǎng)豐富的早餐，健康的面包卷或酸奶和水果，開始你的一天)”可知，后文主要論述了早起可以更好地享受早餐。故C選項“沒有什么比吃一頓健康的早餐更好的開始新的一天了”符合語境，故選C。【20題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Wakingupearlyallowsyoutowatchthesunriseandhavequiettimeathome.Self-careisvitallyimportant,sotakethistimetoenjoyyourcoffee,takeyourdogforalongwalk,writeyourshoppinglist,orjusttakesomeextrametime.Peoplegenerallythinkitisdifficulttogetmoretimeforthemselves.(早起可以讓你看日出，在家里有一段安靜的時間。自我照顧是非常重要的，所以利用這段時間來享受你的咖啡，帶你的狗去散步，寫你的購物清單，或者只是給自己一些額外的時間。人們普遍認為很難為自己爭取更多的時間)”可知，本句與上文構(gòu)成轉(zhuǎn)折，上文提到人們難以為自己爭取更多時間，可知本句是在說明早起可以獲得更多時間。故G選項“然而，把鬧鐘調(diào)早一點會給你額外的時間”符合語境，故選G。第三部分語言運用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C、和D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。Iamemployedinaneducationalinstitution.Eachday,followingthe____21____ofthestudents,adelightfulyoungwomannamedClaireoftenarrivestocleantheclassroomsandoffices.Onceaweek,I____22____afterhours,doingsomeextrawork.SoIoftenchatforafewminuteswithher.Shealwaysmakesmefeelgoodbecauseshe'sagoodlistenerandwillingtotalkaboutherchildren.Our____23____areconsistentlyenjoyable.Lastweek,sheseemedunlikeher____24____self.Shetoldmethatherhusbandhadbeen____25____fromhisjob,leavingthemworriedabouttheirfinancial____26____.Laterthatweek,whileIwasinadepartmentstore,myattentionwasdrawntotheshelveslinedwithsunglasses.After____27____variouspairs,Idiscoveredtheidealsunglasses.AsIadmiredmy____28____,itoccurredtomethatClairewouldlookgreatwhilewearingthem.____29____withmycurrentpair,IpurchasedthesunglassesforClaire.Eagertosurpriseher,Iplacedtheminanelegantbagand____30____puttheminherclosetforherdiscovery.Thefollowingday,Clairewaschattingwithacoworkerasshe____31____thecloset.Upon____32____thebagandtakingoutthesunglassesandaSmileCard,herfacelitupwithjoy.Sheexpressedthatithadbeendayssinceshehadreasontosmileandthatthisactofkindness____33____herspirits.Shepennedanoteexpressingher____34____formyheart-warminggesture.Choosingtogiftherthesunglassesinsteadofmyselfbroughtmemuchsatisfaction.Ieagerly____35____creatingmoremomentsofjoy.21.A.queue B.exit C.guidance D.plan22.A.wait B.work C.think D.remain23.A.conversations B.jobs C.trips D.arrangements24.A.regular B.usual C.unusual D.calm25.A.fired B.blamed C.rewarded D.comforted26.A.stability B.manner C.method D.support27.A.checkingout B.puttingaside C.tryingon D.takingup28.A.ambition B.reflection C.conclusion D.decision29.A.Satisfied B.Bored C.Familiar D.Careful30.A.occasionally B.cautiously C.accurately D.secretly31.A.achieved B.approached C.found D.removed32.A.covering B.hiding C.spotting D.receiving33.A.maintained B.struck C.lifted D.restored34.A.gratitude B.comment C.preparation D.apology35.A.doubt B.imagine C.admit D.anticipate【答案】21.B22.D23.A24.B25.A26.A