小學英語基礎語法

小學英語語法

目錄

第一期語法基礎

第一講名詞單數(shù)變復數(shù)....................................1

第二講be動詞和冠詞的用法...........................8

第三講指示代詞.............................................18

第四講人稱代詞..............................................24

第五講物主代詞.............................................30

第六講第三人稱單數(shù)......................................39

第七講名詞所有格.........................................44

第八講基數(shù)詞變序數(shù)詞.................................50

第九講情態(tài)動詞can......................................55

第十講therebe句型.......................................58

第二期語法培優(yōu)

第十一講句型轉換：肯定句變成否定句.......................65

第十二講句型轉換：陳述句變成一般疑問句..............70

第十三講句型轉換：陳述句變成特殊疑問句...............76

第十四講一般現(xiàn)在時...............................................81

第十五講一般將來時................................................86

第十六講現(xiàn)在進行時................................................93

第十七講一般過去時.................................................101

第十八講四大時態(tài)綜合練習.....................................110

小學英語語法

第一期語法基礎

第一講名詞單數(shù)變復數(shù)

課前單詞拼讀練習

ˊ

1

Howmanypencilsdoyouhave?

Ihavearedpencilandfourgreenpencils.

pencilpencils

單數(shù)復數(shù)

1.直接?s

pencilpencils

2.以s,x,ch,sh結尾的單詞+es

busbusesboxboxes

peachpeachesdishdishes

3.以輔音字母+y結尾的單詞，把y變成i再+es

strawberrystrawberrieslibrarylibraries

familyfamilies

元音字母+y結尾的單詞，直接+s

boyboys

keykeys

2

4.以f或fe結尾的單詞，把f或fe變成v再+es

leafleavesknifeknives

5.以o結尾的單詞，有生命的+es,無生命的+s

zoozoostomatotomatoes

6.不規(guī)則變化

manmenwomanwomen

toothteethfootfeet

goosegeesechildchildren

oxoxenmousemice

單復數(shù)同形：

fsh

deersheep

ChineseJapanese

3

1.car______2.mouse______3.boy______

4.toy______5.eye________6.box______

7.body_____8.man________9.tomato________

10.bus_____11.sheep______12.knife________

1.Therearemany_______(apple)onthetree.

2.Mygrandfatherhasthree_______(child).

3.I'mhungry.Let'shavesome_______(fsh).

4.Ihavetwo_______(watch).

5.Therearesix_______(class)inourclass.

4

單數(shù)

可數(shù)名詞

名詞復數(shù)

不可數(shù)名詞

沒有復數(shù)

7

液體

milkjuicewater

肉類

beefchickenfsh

數(shù)不清的東西

ricehair

bread

抽象概念

musicmoney

5

隨堂鞏固

一.寫出下面單詞的復數(shù)形式

1.city______2.zoo_______3.country________

4.tooth_______5.mouse________6.boy_______

7.car______8.tree_______9.sandwich___________

10.horse_______11.bus______12.fox________

13.dish_______14.photo_______15.piano________

16.knife_______17.leaf_________18.thief________

19.man________20.woman________21.child________

22.foot________23.peach_________24.diary_______

25.day_______26.book________27.ox_______

28.dress_______29.sheep_______30.box_______

31.deer______32.fsh_______33.strawberry_______

二.找出不可數(shù)名詞，在橫線上打?，并將可數(shù)名詞變成復數(shù)形式

homework________money________music________beef______

mouth___________bread________milk_________cow______

tea_____________water________pig_________apple____

pear____________box__________air__________

no

課后作業(yè)

一.把下列單詞改為復數(shù)形式

book________egg________bus_______pen_______

peach_______key_________girl_______dress______

knife_______watch_______box_______tomato______

leaf________student______family______baby________

story_______boy________potato______zoo_________

photo_______man_______woman_______mouse______

foot_______goose______deer________sheep_______

child________ox_______tooth_______fsh_______

二.用所給單詞的正確形式填空

1.Ihavetwo___________(knife)

2.Therearemany_________here.(box)

3.Therearemany_________ontheroad(路).(bus)

4.Afew（一些）___________aredrawing(畫畫)onthewall.(boy)

5.The___________areplayingfootballnow.(child)

6.Pleasetaketwo___________forme.(photo)

7.Ilikethered____________.(tomato)

8.Wouldyoupleaseclean(清潔)your_____________now?(tooth)

9.Doyouwantsome__________?(milk)

10.Ihaveared________(bag).T

第二講be動詞和冠詞的用法

課前單詞拼讀練習

taxidrivernursefarmerpilotartist

/?t?ksi?dra?v?//n??s//?fɑ?m?//?pa?l?t//?ɑ?t?st/

dancermusiciancleanerreporterastronaut

/.?dɑ?ns?/

/mju?z??n//?kli?n?//r??p??t?//??str?n??t/

Iamacook.

Heisadoctor.

Sheisateacher.

Wearestudents.

8

語法：be動詞的用法

am

be動詞isI用am

are

you用are

is用于he,she,it

IamI'm

單用is,復用are

縮寫youareyou're

heishe's

用am,is還是are？

1.He___ataxidriver.

2.She____anurse.

3.We____astronauts.

4.Myfather____acleaner.

5.Mygrandfather_____afarmer.

6.I____adancer.

7.Mike____apilot.

8.Myuncle____areporter.

9

隨堂鞏固

用am,is還是are？

1.I____astudent.

2.He____astudent,too.

3.You____mygoodfriend.

4.We____inthesameclass.

5.LiLeiandKangkang_____deskmates.

6.It____acat.

7.She____abeautifulgirl.

8.They_____Chinese.

9.This_____Helen.

10.He____fromChina.

按要求填空

1.Iam(縮寫形式)_______

2.is(復數(shù))________

3.she's(完整形式)______

4.it's（完整形式）______

5.they're（完整形式）_______

6.weare（縮寫形式）_______

7.Mikeis(縮寫形式）_________

8.whatis(縮寫形式）________

9.whereare(縮寫形式）_______

10.that's(完整形式）_________

10

語法：冠詞的用法

冠詞是一個虛詞，位于名詞之前，限定名詞的意義。i

定冠詞the

冠詞a

不定冠詞

an

零冠詞

不定冠詞a/an的用法一

a和an都表示“一”

用于單數(shù)名詞前面

輔音開頭用a

元音開頭用an

apencil心

deskchaircrayon

abook

心/desk//t?e?//?kre??n/

anapplea

umbrellaeggeraser

/eg/

/?m?brel?//??re?z?/

Lensanorange

pen

UFOelephant

/pen//?el?f?nt/

11

不定冠詞a/an的用法二

泛指：

1.表示某人或某物屬于某一種類Thisisapen,notapencil.

泛指：

2.某一種類的人或物中的任何一個Givehimapen,please.

泛指：Listen!Aboyissinging.

3.表示某一種類人或物

用a還是an？

____desk____chair____crayon

___umbrella___egg

___eraser

___pen___UFO___elephant

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定冠詞the的用法

1.特指，表示所指人或物中特定的一個。

Doyouknowthegirlinreddress?

2.再次提到上文提到的人或物

Tomhasanewschoolbag.Theschoolbagisred.

3.指談話雙方都知道的人或物

Openthedoor,please.

4.用在世界上獨一無二的事物前

Themoonisbright.

5.用在姓氏的復數(shù)名詞前面，表示一家人或夫婦二人

TheGreenscametoChinatwoyearsago.

零冠詞的用法

1.專有名詞前一般不用冠詞

America美國China中國Sichuan四川LeiFeng雷鋒

2.月份、星期、節(jié)日前一般不用冠詞

January一月Sunday星期天Christmas圣誕節(jié)13

3.三餐、四季前面一般不用冠詞

Ihavelunchatschool.

Ilikesummerbest.

4.名詞前面有修飾詞（物主代詞、不定代詞、指示代詞，名詞所有格）

不用冠詞

Lucyismysister.

Thatgirlismysister.

5.球類、棋類游戲前不用冠詞

Ilikeplayingbasketball.

6.身份、頭銜前不用冠詞

Goodmorning,sir.

7.學科、語言前面不用冠詞

IcanspeakEnglish.

14

隨堂鞏固

一.判斷正誤，正確的寫T，錯誤的寫F

astory()abread()amilk()abag()

aprettywoman()aschool()ausefulbook()

acars()aninterestingflm()anhour()

二.選擇題

1.Wecansee___sunand___moonin____picture.

A.a;the;theB.the;a;theC.a;the;aD.the;the;the

2.Parisis_____capital(首都)ofFrance.

A.aB./C.oneD.the

3.______SmithswenttoShanghaiyesterday.

A./B.AnC.AD.The

4.Whynotaskyourfathertodraw_____mapforyouifyouwanttoget

to_____Mike'shouseeasily(容易地).

A.a;anB./;anC.the;aD.a;/

5._____monkeycanclimb______trees.

A./;theB.A;/C.The;aD.The;/

6.HanMeiis_____Chinesegirl.Lucyis_____Englishgirl.

A.a;aB.an;anC.a;anD.an;a

7.Aboywrite___"U"and___"n"onthewall.

A.a;anB.an;aC.an;anD.a;a

8.Whichisbigger,___elephantor___horse?

A.a;theB.an;aC.the;anD.an;the

9.Thisis____interestingbookanditisalso____usefulbook.

A.an;anB.an;theC.an;aD.a;a

10.Therearesixtyminutes(分)in____hour.

A.anB.aC.theD./

15

課后作業(yè)

一.用am,is還是are？

1.I________fromAustralia.

2.She_______astudent.

3.JaneandTom_________myfriends.

4.Myparents_______verybusyeveryday.

5.___Kittyyournewfriend?No,mynewfriend_____Alice.

6.This______abook.

7.Amy______myfriend.

8.This_______Mark.

9._______youKangkang?No,I'mGaoFeng.

10.How_______you?Fine,thankyou

11.Thisinsect________verysmall.

12.Who_______thatboy?He_______Jim.

13.Mybooks_________inthedesk.

14.How_______yourfriend?He’sfne.

15.There_____someglassesonit.

16.There________manymonkeysinthegarden.

二.用a還是an?

1.____ruler2.____apple3.____eraser

4._____banana5.____desk6.____chair

7.____glass8.____table9.____plate

10._____knife11.____kite12._____orange

三.選擇題

1.Wesaw____interestingflmyesterday.

A.aB.anC.theD./

2.MrsSmithis_____friendof____.

A.the;mineB.a;meC.the;anyD.a;mine

3.Heis__8-year-oldboy.

A.aB.anC.theD./16

4.Nowheis____artist(美術家).Ihaveknownhimsincehewas___one-

year-oldboy.

A.a;anB.a;aC.an;anD.an;a

5.Ihave____orange.It's___bigorange.

A.a;theB.an;aC.the;theD./;the

6.Thisis___oldbook.It's___usefulbook.

A.an;aB.a;aC.the;anD.the;a

7.___Childrenarehappyon___Children'sDay.

A.The;theB.The;aC./;theD./;a

8.Thereis___"P"onherpaper.

A.aB.anC..theD./

9.Theyoftenplay____footballafterschool.l

A.aB.anC.theD./

10.Theyoftenplay____erhuafterschool.

A.aB.anC.theD./

11.Isee____eraseron____desk.

A.a;theB.an;theC.a;aD.an;a

12.I'mgoingtovisit____GreatWallnextweek.

A.aB.anC.theD./

13.Look!Thereis____appletree.___treeistall.

A.a;theB.an;theC.an;aC.a;an

17

第三講指示代詞

課前單詞拼讀練習

指示代詞？

What'sthis?

It'sachair.ii

What'rethese?

They'rechairs.?

18

What'sthat?

iIt'sakite.虪

What'rethose?

They'rekites.

隨堂鞏固：補全對話

What's______?

________________.

Whatare______?

________________.

What's______?

________________.

Whatare______?

________________.

19

單數(shù)句變成復數(shù)句？

Thisisapeach.

Thesearepeaches.

Thatisatoycar.

Thosearetoycars.

隨堂鞏固

一.將下面句子變?yōu)閺蛿?shù)句

1.Thisisaknife._________________________

2.Thatisatomato.__________________________

3.Thatchildisverygood.___________________________

4.Themaniseating._________________________

5.Lookatthiselephant._________________________

20

二.將下面句子變?yōu)閱螖?shù)句

1.Thesearemice.____________________

2.Thosearechildren._____________________

3.Therearesomeknivesintheseboxes.______________________

4.What'rethose?__________________

5.Ihavethreesheep.____________________

課后作業(yè)

一.用正確的指示代詞填空

1.Thesekeysaremine._______areyours.

2.—What's_______?

—It'sanegg.

3.—What's______overthere?

—It'sanorange.

4.Lookat______pencils.AretheyLucy's?

No,theyaren'thers.Theyaremine.

5.Hi,mum.______ismyfriend,Lucy.

21

二.將下面句子改為復數(shù)句

1.Whatisthis?

_________________________

2.Thatappleisred.

__________________________

3.Thisismybook.

__________________________

4.Isthisyourpen?No,itisn't'.

_______________________________

5.Thatisacutedog.

________________________________

三.選擇題

1.____penisred._____pencilsaregreen.

A.This;ThatB.These;ThoseC.That;ThoseD.This;That

2.Is____apandaoverthere?

A.thisB.thatC.thoseD.these

3._____twogirlsareMaryandLinda.

A.ThisB.TheyC.ThatD.Those

4.Look,whatis_______?It'saneraser.

A.thisB.thatC.theseD.those

22

5.Are______yourwatchesoverthere?

A.thisB.thatC.theseD.those

6._______thosehisdictionaries?

A.IsB.AreC.AmD.Do

7.——_____thisyourfriend?——_______.

A.Is;Yes,heisB.Is;Yes,theyare

C.Are;No,itsnotD.Are;Yes,Iam

8.——IsthatMary'sschoolbag?——________.

A.Yes,itisn'tB.No,itisn'tC.Yes,theyareD.No,theyaren't

9.——AretheseHelen'spencils?——_________.

A.Yes,theyareB.No,theyareC.Yes,theyaren'tD.No,itis

10.——Whatarethose?——________.

A.TheyareboxB.TheyareboxesC.It'saboxD.Yes,theyare

11.Look,____ismynewpencil.

A.thisB.thatC.theseD.those

12.——Simon,____ismybrother,Tom.——Nicetomeetyou.

A.heB.sheC.thatD.this

13.——whatare_____inEnglish?——Theyare______.

A.these;boxesB.these;boxC.this;boxes

14.——Whatisthis?——____isacake.

A.ThatB.ThisC.It

15._____twoboysareMr.Green'ssons.

A.ThisB.TheseC.ThatD.They23

第四講人稱代詞

課前單詞拼讀練習

人稱代詞？

Thisismyfather.Heisadoctor.

Thisismymother.Sheisateacher.

人稱代詞：he他

人稱代詞：she她

24

人稱代詞？

主格？賓格？

Idrinkwater.

主語謂語賓語

主格

HeteachesusEnglish.

主語謂語賓語

主格賓格

25

I？me？

I主格me賓格we主格us賓格

_____amastudent.

_____arestudents.

Sarahlikes____.Sarahlikes____.

最容易記住的you!

"你“主格"你們“主格你是一名學生。

_____arestudent.

you你們是學生。

_____arestudents.

薩拉喜歡你。

"“"“

你賓格你們賓格Sarahlikes____.

薩拉喜歡你們。

Sarahlikes____.

26

he？him？she？her？

he主格him賓格she主格her賓格

_____isastudent._____isastudent.

Sarahlikes_____.Sarahlikes_____.

it？they?them?

it主格/賓格they主格them賓格

_____isadog._____arestudents.

Sarahlikes_____.Sarahlikes_____.

27

隨堂鞏固

一.在括號內(nèi)填入適當?shù)娜朔Q代詞

1.______(我)playwith_____(他).

2.______(他)playswith_____(我).

3.______(他)playswith_____(她).

4.______(她)playswith_____(他).

5.______(他)isaboy.

6.______(她)isagirl.

7.Do____(你)know______(她).

8._____(我)amadoctor.

9.Myfatheristalkingwith_____(我).

10.______(我們)areChinese.

11.MissLizteaches______(我們)English.

12._____(你)areabeautifulgirl.

13.______(他們)arestudents.

14.Ilike_____(你們).

15.Whatis____(它)?

16.Lookat______(他們).______(他們)aredrawing

pictures.

17.Does______(他)oftenhelp_______(你們)?

18.Could______(你）show______(我)yournewbooks.

19.Let_____(我們)goandsee______(她).

20.Mysisterisgoingtogive______(他)adictionary.

28

課后作業(yè)

一.按要求填入正確的代詞

it______(賓格)her_______(主格）

me_____(主格)we_______(賓格）

you____(主格）him_______(主格）

they_____(賓格）she_______(賓格)

二.用單詞的正確形式填空

1.Thisboycan'trideabike.Hismotherhelps_____(he).

2.——What'swrongwith_____(he)?

——_____can'tfndhisbook.

3.MissLiteaches______(we)English.

4.Can____(I)eat_____(they)?

5.Let_____(we)cleantheclassroom.

6.Lookat_____(we).____(we)arecleaningtheclassroom.

7.Mum,let____(I)help_____(you)withyourhousework.

8.Icantake_____(he)tothepark.

9.Theshoesarenice.Can____(I)try____(they)on.

10._____(I)havegoodfriend.HisnameisMike.

11.____(she)ismyaunt.Weoftenvisit_____(she).

12.Thesenewhousesaresonice.______(they)arevery

expensive.

13.Mikeismyfriend._____(he)isgoodatEnglish.

29

第五講物主代詞

課前單詞拼讀練習

物主代詞？

Thisismybook.

Thisbookismine.

形容詞性物主代詞my

名詞性物主代詞mine

30

物主代詞？

形容詞性物主代詞？名詞性物主代詞？

Thisismybook.

形容詞性?名詞

物主代詞

Thisbookismine.

名詞性不?名詞

物主代詞7

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Thisisyourdesk.

形容詞性?名詞

物主代詞

Thedeskisyours.

不?名詞

名詞性物

主代詞

隨堂鞏固

一.填入適當?shù)奈镏鞔~，讓兩個句子意思相同：

1.Thisismyeraser.Theeraseris_________.

2.Thisishisteapot.Thisteapotis_______.

3.Thatisherdress.Thatdressis________.

4.Thisisourclassroom.Thisclassroomis_____.

5.Thosearetheirbooks.Thosebooksare_______.

32

二.填入適當?shù)奈镏鞔~

1.Thisisagirl.________nameisLily.

2.Iamastudent.______nameisMary.

3.Wecomefrom(來自)China.Welove_________homeland.(祖國)

4.Thisismybrother._____legisbroken(受傷).

5.Ihaveagoodfriend.____