全球工業(yè)4.0行業(yè)市場前景及投資研究報告-培訓課件外文版2024.6

INDUSTRIES

&

MARKETSIndustry

4.0:

in-depth

marketanalysisMarket

Insights

reportMarch

2024Management

summary

(1/2)Industry

4.0

or

the

fourth

industrial

revolution

is

quite

simply

the

use

of

digitaltechnologies

inthemanufacturing

process

to

producehigher-quality

goods

atreduced

costs.

Even

though

developments

inelectronics

and

informationtechnology

have

resulted

intheautomation

ofmanufacturing

processes

since

theThe

digitalization

of

manufacturing

across

industries

has

resultedin

the

emergenceofservice-based

revenue

models

to

complementthealready

existing

product-based

models.

Digital

technologies

have

also

begun

to

usher

in

an

era

ofcustomization

at

amuch

lower

costinboth

the

B2C

and

B2B

segments.

Over

theearly

1970s,

it

is

only

the

recentadvances

in

digital

technologies

that

arebeginning

lastfew

years,

global

manufacturers

such

as

Adidas

and

Nike

have

started

movingto

extend

thescopeof

disruption.

Companies

arenow

experiencing

major

benefits

their

production

centers

away

from

low-cost

countries,

closer

to

theconsumer.in

terms

of

lower

costs,

improved

efficiencies,

increased

yield,

mass

customization,

Further,

emphasis

is

now

beingplaced

on

creating

an

agile

and

flexible

productionand

most

importantly,

newrevenueand

business

models.process

through

theuseof

modularized

systems

that

can

bereconfigured

inquicktime.Digital

technologies

aredisrupting

all

elements

of

the

value

chain

including

productdesign,

supply

chain,

manufacturing,

and

customer

experience,

while

creating

new

Digital

technologies

areincreasingly

being

customized

to

serve

theneeds

acrossbusiness

models.

Global

manufacturing

giants

such

as

Germany,

France,

theU.S.,Japan,

and

Mainland

China

have

all

launched

government-backed

strategicinitiatives

to

digitalize

production

across

various

industries.

Eventhough

therearemanytechnologies

currently

playing

a

role

in

Industry

4.0

and

the

smart

factory,

forthe

purpose

of

this

report,

we

have

focused

on

five

keyones:

additivemanufacturing,

artificial

intelligence

(AI),

robotics,

internet

of

things

(IoT),

andaugmented

and

virtual

reality

(AR/VR).multiple

industries

with

maximum

application

being

witnessed

in

automotive,healthcare,

aerospaceand

defense

(A&D),

chemicals,

and

consumer

goods.2Management

summary

(2/2)The

automotive

industry

is

witnessing

rapid

digital

adoptionwith

benefits

including

Companies

from

various

fields

including

information

technology,

automobile,faster

time

to

market

and

lower

costs.

TheAerospaceand

Defenseindustry

alsoheavy

engineering,

defense,

chemical,

sports

and

personal

goodsareusinghas

oneof

the

highest

rates

of

digital

adoption

owing

to

thesheer

complexity

of

its

advanced

digital

automation

technologies

to

further

their

business

goals.value

chain.

Digitalization

in

healthcareis

centered

around

medical

devices

andpharmaceuticals.

Eventhough

thechemical

and

consumer

goods

industries

arelatebloomers,

theyarenow

notonly

transforming

production

butalso

creatingsmartsupply

chains

and

new

business

models.California-based

Anaplan

provides

cloudplanning

platform

to

run

planning

andprediction

iterations

over

thecloud.

Automobile

companies

Audi

and

BMW

areusing

digital

manufacturing

technologies

such

as

3D

printing,

assistantdrones,Automated

GuidedVehicles

(AGVs),

and

autonomous

tugger

trains

to

reducetimetaken

fordesign,

prototyping,

and

manufacturing.

Tesla,

theEV

leader

intheindustry,

is

planning

to

further

its

digital

transformation

goals

through

itsGigafactory.

Not

only

does

the

companyaim

to

build

a

smart

automobile,

butitalso

plans

to

use

smart

manufacturing

methods.

Other

leading

companies

includeAirbus,

BASF,

Carbon,

Lockheed

Martin,

and

Siemens.Alargepartofleading

startups

arefrom

theU.S.,

with

amajority

of

them

basedinCalifornia.

Relativity

Space

received

US$1.3

billion

in

2023,

more

than

anyotherstartup

at

the

time.

Thecompany,

which

is

primarily

a

provider

of

3D

printingservices,

is

backed

by

key

investors

such

as

Fidelity

Management

and

ResearchCompany,

Tiger

Global

Management,

Bond,

and

TribeCapital.

DataRobotis

anotherkey

automation

startup

that

managed

to

secureapproximately

US$1

billion

infunding.

Large

manufacturing

companies

such

as

ABB,

OMRON

Corporation,Schneider

Electric,

Siemens,

ST

Engineering,

Teradyne,and

Tesla

are

acquiringsmaller

companies

in

order

to

leverage

their

technological

expertise

and

decreasetheir

learning

curve.3Table

of

contents

(1/2)Management

summaryTableof

contentsVirtual

and

augmented

realityDigital

twins5461Healthcare103108110Chemical

industryConsumer

goods03

Trends01

IntroductionOverviewService-based

revenue

modelsMass

customizationSmart

manufacturingBackshoring64677073757805

Startups:

Funding

and

M&AGlobal

fundingin

startupsMergers&

acquisition071314113123Industrial

evolutionImpact

of

digitalizationModular

workstationsIndustry

5.006

Competitive

landscape02

TechnologyAirbusAnaplanAudi128130131134135139140Overview252729304048Network

readiness

indexPatents04

Industry

analysisIndustry

4.0investmentLevel

of

digitalizationAutomotive80818289BASFAdditivemanufacturingArtificial

intelligenceand

roboticsInternet

ofthingsBMWCarbonTeslaAerospace&

defense4Table

of

contents

(2/2)Lockheed

MartinSiemens14114307

AppendixAuthors145146Glossary5CHAPTER

01IntroductionIndustry

4.0

or

the

fourthindustrial

revolution

refers

to

the

use

of

digital

technologies

in

themanufacturing

process

to

produce

higher-quality

goods

at

reduced

costs.

Even

though

developments

inelectronics

and

information

technology

have

resulted

in

the

automation

of

manufacturing

processessince

the

early

1970s,

it

is

only

the

recent

advances

in

digital

technologies

that

are

beginning

to

extendthe

scope

of

disruption.Companies

are

now

experiencing

major

benefits

in

terms

of

lower

costs,

improved

efficiencies,

increasedyield,

mass

customization,

and

most

importantly,

new

revenue

and

business

models.Digital

manuf

ac

t

ur

ing

is

rapidly

reducing

costs

&

improv

ing

qualityOverview

(1/6)Industry

4.0

or

the

fourth

industrial

revolution,

a

term

initially

published

by

theGerman

governmentduring

theHannover

Trade

Fair

in

2011,

refers

to

the

useofdigital

technologies

inthemanufacturing

process

to

producehigher-quality

goodsat

reduced

costs.

Even

though

developments

inelectronics

and

informationtechnology

have

resulted

intheautomation

ofmanufacturing

processes

since

theearly

1960s,

it

is

only

the

recentadvances

in

digital

technologies

that

arebeginningto

extend

thescopeof

disruption.added

connectivity

to

previously

unconnected

products.

Even

though

Industry

4.0

isaglobal

conceptand

encompasses

thesametechnologies,

therearesubtledifferences

in

how

its

viewed

in

countries

around

theworld.In

the

U.S.,

for

example,

it

refers

to

a

more

holistic

digital

evolution

with

manycompanies

using

the

term

digital

supply

network,

thereby

including

all

aspects

ofthe

value

chain

such

as

partners,

suppliers,

customers,the

workforce,

andoperations.

In

Europe,

however,

where

the

term

Industry

4.0

originated,

itessentially

revolves

around

theapplication

ofthesetechnologies

in

thefactory.Thelastdecadehas

witnessed

rapid

advancements

in

technologies

such

as

theInternet

of

Things

(IoT),

artificial

intelligence

(AI),

robotics,

mobile,

cloud

computing,big

data

analytics,

additive

manufacturing

(3D

printing),

and

virtual

and

augmentedreality

(VR/AR).

Thesetechnologies,

woven

together

by

themassive

proliferation

ofbig

data,

generated

mostly

by

connected

devices

(IoT),

are

blurring

thelinesbetween

thephysical,

digital,

and

biological

aspects

of

global

production

systems.Industry

4.0

also

risks

creating

sharper

inequalities

between

developing

anddeveloped

countries.

Prior

to

the

19th

century,

there

was

not

much

incomedisparity

across

countries.

Today,

according

to

estimates

by

the

World

EconomicForum

(WEF),the

average

gapin

per-capita

income

between

the

developing

anddeveloped

world

is

over

US$40,000.Companies

arenow

experiencing

major

benefits

interms

of

lower

costs,

improvedefficiencies,

increased

yield,

mass

customization,

and

mostimportantly

newrevenueand

business

models.

For

example,

inaddition

to

physical

objects,companies

arenow

selling

data

and

services,

while

technologies

such

as

IoThave7Sources:

WorldEconomicForum;

DeloitteGlobal

industrial

production

has

increased

by

2.6%

over

the

last

decadeOverview

(2/6)Global

industrial

production

in

billion

US$(1)+2.6%(2)19.60022.00021.40020.60020.30019.80018.90018.50018.20017.60017.10016.60015.80020102011201220132014201520162017201820192020202120228Notes:(1)

WBG

member

countries,seasonallyadjustedfigures

(2)

CAGR:

CompoundAnnualGrowthRateSources:

WorldBankThe

foundation

that

was

established

during

Industry

4.0

has

paved

the

way

forIndustry

5.0Overview

(3/6)Thefirst

industrial

revolution

or

Industry

1.0

can

be

traced

back

to

the

end

of

thepressure

to

reduce

costs

resultedin

companies

shifting

their

manufacturing

bases18th

centurywith

theintroduction

ofmechanical

productionfacilities

in

theform

of

to

low-cost

countries

and

thesubsequentformation

oftheconceptofsupply

chainwater

and

steam-powered

engines,

duelargely

to

theefforts

ofJames

Watt.

Thisrevolution

laid

thefoundation

fortheshiftfrom

individual

cottagebusinessesserving

theneeds

of

only

afew,

to

larger

organizations

as

we

know

them

today.This

stageessentially

marked

thebeginning

of

modern-day

industry

culturewithgreater

emphasis

onquality

and

efficiencies.

Thebeginning

ofthe20th

centurymanagement.

Itwas

inthis

time

thatGeneral

Motors

started

its

manufacturingoperations

using

electricity

andmoving

assembly

lines.

The

rapid

evolution

of

theInternet,

connected

systems,

and

other

digital

technologies

such

as

artificialintelligence,

robotics,

additive

manufacturing,

bigdata

analytics,

and

cloudcomputing,

ushered

in

the

fourth

industrial

revolution

or

Industry

4.0.

This

stageushered

inthesecond

industrial

revolution

or

Industry

2.0

with

theuseofelectricity

resulted

in

the

blurring

of

the

boundaries

between

thephysical

and

thevirtualas

the

primary

power

source,

resulting

in

the

mass

production

of

goods

usingassembly

lines.

Even

though

electrical

energy

was

already

being

used

in

homes,itsuse

in

machines

made

manufacturing

faster

and

more

cost-effective.

This

era

alsosaw

the

advent

of

principles

such

as

just-in-time

and

lean

manufacturing

whichfurther

optimized

the

manufacturing

processes.world

with

the

emergence

of

Cyber-Physical

Systems

(CPS)

and

smart

machines.CPS

have

not

only

connected

machineswith

each

other

but

have

also

networkedthem

to

production

plants,

fleets

and

even

human

beings,

thereby

radically

alteringthe

manufacturing

process.Thefoundation

thatwas

established

duringIndustry

4.0

has

paved

theway

forIndustry

5.0,

extending

beyond

digitalization

to

include

key

elements

such

assustainabilityand

human-centricity.

In

the

context

of

Industry

5.0,

the

objective

is

toachieve

results

that

go

beyond

what

machines

or

humans

can

accomplishindividually.The

third

industrial

evolution,

or

Industry

3.0,

started

in

the

1970s

with

the

use

ofelectronic

devices

such

as

transistors

and

integrated

circuit

chips

and

software,

inorder

to

create

the

first-ever

fully

automated

machines.

This

resultedin

reducedeffort,

increased

speed,

better

accuracy,

and

the

first

instances

of

completeautonomyin

the

manufacturing

process.

Further,

the

increase

in

competition

and9Sources:

Deloitte;

McKinsey;

PwC;

WorldEconomicForum;

Financial

expressMajor

countries

promote

digitized

manuf

ac

t

ur

ingOverview

(4/6)Over

the

past

few

years,

global

manufacturing

powerhouses

in

countries

such

asGermany,

theU.S.,

Mainland

China,

and

Japan

have

each

launched

initiatives

topromote

digital

transformation

intheir

manufacturing

processes.embedded

software

and

systems,

satellite

electric

propulsion,

green

chemistry

andbiofuels,

cloud

computing,

nano-electronics,

augmented

reality,

robotics,

andconnected

devices

amongothers.Germany

–

Industry

4.0U.S.

–

The

National

Network

for

ManufacturingInnovation

(NNMI)Launched

in

2013

as

one

of

10

“Future

Projects”

identified

by

the

Germangovernment

as

part

ofits

high-tech

strategy,

Industry

4.0

aims

to

create

smartLaunchedin

2016,

NNMI,

also

known

as

Manufacturing

U.S.A,

is

expected

to

resultin

45

innovation

centers

throughout

the

country

to

develop

smart

manufacturingfactories

and

manufacturing

innovation

centers

across

the

country.

Named

for

the

technologies.

Some

of

the

areas

of

focus

include

additive

manufacturing,expectation

that

it

will

usher

in

the

fourth

industrial

age,

the

strategy

essentially

manufacturing

of

lightweight

materials

and

developing

integrated

photonics.

Therepresents

a

paradigm

shiftfrom

centralized

to

decentralized

smart

manufacturing

federal

departmentinitially

allocated

US$1.2

billion

to

this

program,

with

anand

production.

Some

of

the

institutionsdriving

technological

disruption

inGermany’s

Industry

4.0

program

include

Industry-Science

Research

Alliance,Acatech

–

National

Academy

of

Science

and

Engineering,

DFKI,

Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft,

Platform

Industrie4.0,

and

SmartFactoryKL.additional

US$2.4

billion

provided

by

the

non-federal

institute

partners.

TheDepartment

of

Defense

(DoD),

the

Department

of

Energy,

and

the

National

Instituteof

Standards

and

Technology

were

the

first

recipients.Japan

–

Society

5.0France

–

New

Industrial

FranceLaunchedin

2016,

this

societal

transformation

plan

focuses

on

developingsolutions

in

the

areas

of

IoT,

artificial

intelligence

cyber-physical

systems

(CPS),additive

manufacturing,

new

energy

vehicles,

robots,

virtual

and

augmented

realityand

data

analytics.Also

launched

in

2013,

this

policy

outlines

plans

for

34

new

industrial

projectsacrossa

range

of

industries

such

as

next

generation

high-speed

trains,

electricaircraft,

autonomous

cars,

smart

textile,

factories

of

the

future,

battery

power,10Sources:

Cabinet

Office

of

Japan;

Center

For

Strategic

&InternationalStudies;

CongressionalResearch

Service;

HuaweiChina

promotes

digitized

manuf

ac

tur

in

g

under

‘’Made

in

China

2025’’

policyOverview

(5/6)Mainland

China

–

Made

in

China

2025Mainland

China

aims

to

create

40

manufacturing

innovation

centers

by

2025.

Theareas

of

focus

include

automated

machinetools

&

robotics,

new

advancedinformation

technology,

aerospace

and

aeronautical

equipment,

maritimeequipment

and

high-tech

shipping,

modern

rail

transport

equipment,new

energyvehicles

and

equipment,power

equipment,

agricultural

equipment,new

materials,and

biopharma

and

advanced

medical

products.11Sources:

Cabinet

Office

of

Japan;

Center

For

Strategic

&InternationalStudies;

CongressionalResearch

Service;

HuaweiThe

Industry

4.0

value

chain

is

spread

across

various

functionsOverview

(6/6)Industry

4.0

value

chainOperationsDesignand

engineeringSupport

servicesActivities

valuechainInboundProductionOutbound?Production

planning

andscheduling?Orderprocessing

andfulfilmentTransportation

and

logisticsAftermarketservicesSales

and

distributionWarehouse

management???Planning????Demand

planning??Finance??MRP

I

and

IIProduct

engineeringTechnical

feasibility

andprototypingInventory

managementProcurement????Human

resourcemanagementMarketingManufacturing

and

ITsupportQuality

controland

wastemanagementTransportation

and

logistics??Matured

technologySupporting

technologyEmerging

technologyTechnology????????????3D

printing5Gand

beyondcomponentsvalue

chainAssetmanagement?????????Artificial

intelligence

and

analyticsAugmented

reality

and

virtualrealityBlockchainERP???Cloud

computingCybersecurityIndustrial

automation(Scope:

Enablingtechnologies

forIndustry

4.0)MESPLMRoboticsSCADAMicroservices,

as-a-servicemodelCobotsDigital

twin?Other

BPS

and

ITapplicationsDroneGenerative

designIndustrial

internet

ofthingsQuantum

computingEdge

computingManufacturing

SCMOthersWorkforceDigital-ready

workforce

toenable

and

drive

new

operating

models,innovative

business

models,and

applications

ofnew

age

technologies12Sources:

AccentureIndustry

5.0

is

expected

to

digitalize

the

entire

manuf

ac

t

ur

ing

ecosystemIndustrial

evolutionIndustrial

evolution

timelineIndustrial

evolution

themes

and

featuresRevolution

Theme

Key

featuresIndustry

5.0Human-robotco-workingFirst

program-mable

logiccontrol(PLC)system

–Mechanical

production

powered

by

waterandsteampowerIndustry

1.0Industry

2.0Mechanical

productionIntroduction

ofassembly

lines

and

use

of

electricalIndustry

4.0Cyber-physicalsystems

(CPS)Modicon

084(1969);RFID(1)(1999)energyIntroduction

oftelegraphy

in

1840and

telephony

inFirst

assemblyMass

productionApplication

of

IT1880line

–1870(Cincinnati

meat-packingFord

used

‘Taylorism’(2)

to

implement

car

assemblyIndustry

3.0Application

of

ITlineindustries)Use

ofelectronics,

IT,

and

industrial

robotics

toimprove

automation

of

productionFirst

micro-computerin

1971Industry

3.0First

mechanical

Industry

2.0weaving

loom-1784Mass

productionApple

founded

in

1976Digital

supply

chainDigital

products,

services,

and

new

business

modelsAutonomous

machines

and

virtual

environmentsCyber-physicalIndustry

1.0MechanicalproductionIndustry

4.0Industry

5.0production

systemsHuman-robot

co-workingHuman-centricitySustainabilityEnd

of

18thCenturyBeginning

of20th

CenturyStart

of

1970s2010-ongoingOngoing13

Notes:(1)

Radio-frequencyidentificationtechnology:

has

been

inuse

since

1999

and

was

a

very

early

form

ofCPS

(2)

Taylorism-

Named

after

the

U.S.

industrialengineer

Frederick

Winslow

Taylor,

thistheorylaid

downthefundamental

principles

of

large

scale

manufacturing

throughassembly

line

factoriesSources:

Deloitte;

PwC;

AgileIntel

ResearchDigitalization

effects

all

parts

of

the

industrial

ecosystemImpact

of

digitalization

(1/8)Industrial

ecosystemManufacturingplants?

Higher

efficiencies

leading

to

lowercosts,

less

machine

downtime,

higheryield

and

faster

productionSupport

and

maintenanceEnd

users?

Remote

and

on-site

support

helps?

Personalized

products?

Timely

delivery?

Lower

pricesdecrease

machine

downtime?

Intelligent

devices

harness

allinformation

from

existing

machinecomponent

sensors?

Predictive

maintenanceprevents

faultsand

creates

new

revenue

streams?

Real

time

data

analysis

enablesimprovements

in

both

processes

andmachine

design?

Real

time

data

transfers

between

allmachinesData

centerOEMsSupply

chain?

Create

value

with

new

revenue

streams?

Connectedand

improved

machine

design?

Real

time

information

flow?

Just-in-time

deliveries:

reduced

inventories?

Pay

per

use:

chargefor

time

use?

Pay

per

outcome:

charge

per

unitproduced14Sources:

KPMG;

PwCKey

enabling

technologies

of

Industry

5.0

include

cobots

and

6G

among

othersImpact

of

digitalization

(2/8)????Lowerlatency????Intelligent

automationGreater

efficiencyQuality

controlIncreasedcybersecurityExpanded

interoperabilityReduced

Storage

costsEdgeComput-ingQuick

decision

makingAI????Customization????IncreasedProductivityRobustnessEnhanced

dexterityMore

consistent,accurateFaster,

betterdecision

makingFostercompetitive

pricingReal-time

forecastingBig

DataAnalyticsCobotsKey

EnablingTechnologies

ofIndustry

5.0????AssetProductivity????Knowledge

discoverySmart

resource

managementLow

latencyCost

ReductionSupply-chain

&LogisticsReflect

Intelligence

in

networkInternetof

EveryThings6GandBeyondUltra

high

reliability????DecentralizedmanagementOperationaltransparencyCreate

digital

Identities????Reduced

CostPredicting

future

errorsDesigncustomizationPredective

maintenanceBlock-chainDigitalTwinsCompartmentalized

Approach15Sources:

MDPIDigitalization

has

catalyzed

the

shift

from

mass

productionImpact

of

digitalization

(3/8)Mass

customizationthrough

process

efficienciesOne

such

example

is

NikeID

which

provides

customized

trainers

primarily

formillennials

by

using

just-in-time

production

and

demand

flow

technologies.Another

example

is

Under

Armour’s

ArchiTechline

which

utilizes

3D

printedmidsoles

and

software

such

as

Autodesk

to

notonly

createspecific

designrequirements

at

lower

costs

butalso

minimize

waste.

Adidas

is

thepioneer

of

3Dprinting

intheindustry

andis

now

usingthis

technology

to

provide

masscustomization

to

its

consumers

and

accelerateproductdevelopment.

In

2023,Adidas

launched

newdesigns

for

its

highly

popular

3D

printed

footwear

collection,the

"Adidas4D"

series.

Thisline

showcasesa

3D-printed

midsole

created

by

theU.S.-based

companyCarbon.

The

uniquedesign

of

the

midsole

provides

runnerswith

a

continuous

and

seamless

forward

transition.

Adidas’s

factory

in

China

isequippedwith

Carbon

3D

printers,

producing

significant

quantities

of

premiumfootwear.One

of

the

key

themes

of

Industry

4.0

is

theshiftfrom

mass

production

to

massproduct

personalization,

resulting

in

on-demand

production

anda

reductioninexcess

inventory.

Industry

5.0

follows

along

the

lines

of

this

theme,

placing

a

strongemphasis

on

the

harmonious

collaboration

between

technology

and

humanexpertise.

This

partnership

is

strategicallyharnessed

to

realize

the

objective

ofwidespread

personalization

in

manufacturing.

Manufacturers

are

now

lessconcernedwith

producing

at

alargescaleto

drive

down

unitcosts.

Eventhough

thebasic

principle

of

decreasing

productcosts

still

exists,

thefocus

has

moved

tooptimizing

and

standardizing

capital

and

physical

assets

to

realizeefficiencies.

Whatfurther

drives

this

trend

is

the

willingness

of

customers

to

payapremium

forpersonalized

products:

According

to

aFeb

2023

PwC

survey

which

included

nearly9,000

customers

across

25

countries,

over

70%

of

therespondents

were

willing

topay

a

higher

price

for

sustainably

produced

goods

“to

some

or

to

a

great

extent.”Interestingly,

it

is

not

only

large

companieswith

significant