2022年湖南省衡陽市部分校高一下學(xué)期期末考試英語試題

湖南省高一期末考試英語試卷注意事項：1.答題前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、考生號、考場號、座位號填寫在答題卡上。2.回答選擇題時，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號涂黑。如需改動，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號?；卮鸱沁x擇題時，將答案寫在答題卡上。寫在本試卷上無效。3.考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。ATrainandWorkasaLiterary(文學(xué)的)EditorThisSummer!TheSummerScholarsProgramprovidedbyPolyphonyCompanyisan8-weekonlinepro-gramfor9th-12thgradehighschoolstudents.Aftercompletingthisprogram,studentswillhavesomebasicknowledgeofliteraryediting.CourseScheduleTraining:Weeks1-3Week1ApproachingPoetry:onlinecontent,livelecturesanddiscussionswithpoetryinstructors.Cooperatewithotherlearnersononepoetrysubmission.Week2ApproachingFiction:onlinecontent,livelecturesanddiscussionswithfictioninstructors.Cooperatewithotherlearnersononefictionsubmission.Week3ApproachingCreativeNonfiction:onlinecontent,livelectures,anddiscussionswithcreativenonfictioninstructors.Cooperatewithotherlearnersononecreativenonfictionsubmission.Weeks4-8Workasajunioreditor,respondingtotwoeditorialtasksperweek.Learnerswillreceivefeedbackoneverytask,Havingameetingwiththeinstructorstodiscussinterests,feedback,andtheareasofeachpageforfocus.LearningOutcomesWeexpectlearnerswilladvancetheirliteraryskillswhiledoingmeaningfulwork.Specificlearninggoalsinclude:methodstoapproachpoetry,fiction,andcreativenonfiction;practiceusingliterarydevicestointerpretandanalyzesubmissionsandgiveeditorialfeedback.Cost:$350/learnerWehopethatthesummerlearnerswillcontinueworkingwithPolyphonyCompanywhentheyfinishtheprogram.AndthelearnerswillhaveachancetobeaneditingroleatPolyphonyCompanyanditshighschoolliterarymagazine.Theinstructorswillgiveyoupersonalfeedbackaboutyourpathtopromotion,butasalearner,itisnotaguaranteeofpromotion.Historically,about10%ofourjunioreditorsearnpromotiontosenioreditors.1.Whoaremostlikelytobeattractedbythistext?A.Senioreditors. B.Writers. C.Highschoolstudents. D.Junioreditors.2.Whichweekwillthelearnerscooperatewithothersonpoetrysubmission?A.Week1. B.Week2. C.Week3. D.Week4.3.Whatcanthelearnersdowhentheyfinishtheprogram?A.Masteralltheskillsofliteraryediting. B.Learnsomecollegeknowledgeinadvance.C.Graduatefromhighschoolandentercollege. D.BeamemberofPolyphonyCompany.【答案】1.C2.A3.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹一個文學(xué)培訓(xùn)課程，介紹了課程安排、成果和價格?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中“TheSummerScholarsProgramprovidedbyPolyphonyCompanyisan8-weekonlinepro-gramfor9th-12thgradehighschoolstudents.(復(fù)調(diào)公司提供的暑期獎學(xué)金項目是一個為期8周的在線項目，面向9-12年級的高中生)”可推知，高中生最有可能被這篇文章所吸引。故選C?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Week1部分中“Cooperatewithotherlearnersononepoetrysubmission.(與其他學(xué)習(xí)者合作提交一篇詩歌)”可知，學(xué)習(xí)者在第一周將與他人合作提交詩歌。故選A?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Weexpectlearnerswilladvancetheirliteraryskillswhiledoingmeaningfulwork.Specificlearninggoalsinclude:methodstoapproachpoetry,fiction,andcreativenonfiction;practiceusingliterarydevicestointerpretandanalyzesubmissionsandgiveeditorialfeedback.(我們期望學(xué)習(xí)者在做有意義的工作的同時提高他們的文學(xué)技能。具體的學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo)包括：學(xué)習(xí)詩歌、小說和創(chuàng)造性非小說類作品的方法；練習(xí)使用文學(xué)手段來解釋和分析投稿，并給出編輯反饋)”可知，學(xué)習(xí)者完成課程后可以掌握文學(xué)編輯的各項技能。故選A。BWhenshewas2yearsold,Blosberg’sdadwasdiagnosedwithaseriousillnessthatdisruptsthecentralnervoussystem—MS.But13yearslater,hereyesstartedmovingaroundrapidlyanduncontrollablyandherskinbecameextremelysensitive.Thesymptomsshewasexperiencingfelt“familiar”becausetheyreallylookedalotlikethethingsthatherdadwasexperiencing.AfterBlosbergwasofficiallydiagnosedwithMSin2011,sherealizedsheneededtoconnectwithotherteenagerswhohadMSandtrulyunderstoodwhatshewasgoingthrough.“Iknewtherehadtobeotherkidsoutthere,andIwantedtoconnectwiththem,”shesays.BlosbergthendecidedtocreateaFacebookpageforyoungpeoplewithMSandobtainedthehelpoftheNationalMSSociety.“Ifyoufindanyoneelseyoung,letmeknow,”Blosbergrecallssayingtotheorganization.“Iwanttotalktothem.Iwantthemtoknowthatthey’renotalone.”MSisoftenconsidered“anadultillness”.Blosberg’sFacebookpagewasherwayofbringingyoungpeoplewithMStogether.Butshedecidedtotakethingsonestepfurtherbyfoundinganonprofit,theMSMonkey,whichsupportschildrenandteenagerswhohavebeendiagnosedwiththeillness.Throughitall,Blosbergsaysherentirefamilyhasbeenproudofher—especiallyherfather.“Heknowswhatit’sliketolivewithMS,”sheshares.“He’smyrolemodel,though.IgrewupwatchinghimlivewithMSandnotlettingMSgetintheway.”4.WhatcanweknowaboutBlosberg?A.Shehaddifficultyinherstudy. B.Shewasdiagnosedwithanillness.C.Shehelpedherdadoutoftrouble. D.Shefollowedhisfather’sdream.5.WhydidBlosbergcreateaFacebookpage?A.ToadvertisetheNationalMSSociety. B.TorecordherexperiencetofightagainstMS.C.Tocallformorevolunteerslikerherfather. D.ToconnectmoreyoungpeoplewithMS.6.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeBlosberg?A.Warm-heartedandstrong-willed. B.Open-mindedandgenerous.C.Outgoingandhumorous. D.Determinedandenergetic.7.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.Mydad,myrolemodel B.AcommonillnessC.Noonehastofightalone D.AcharityfortreatingMS【答案】4.B5.D6.A7.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了Blosberg和父親一樣，患上了多發(fā)性硬化癥，她意識到她需要與其他患有多發(fā)性硬化癥的青少年交流，真正理解她正在經(jīng)歷的事情。于是她創(chuàng)建Facebook頁面，后來還創(chuàng)建了非營利組織MSMonkey，為被診斷患有這種疾病的兒童和青少年提供幫助。【4題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“AfterBlosbergwasofficiallydiagnosedwithMSin2011,sherealizedsheneededtoconnectwithotherteenagerswhohadMSandtrulyunderstoodwhatshewasgoingthrough.(在2011年，布洛斯伯格被正式診斷為多發(fā)性硬化癥后，她意識到她需要與其他患有多發(fā)性硬化癥的青少年交流，真正理解她正在經(jīng)歷的事情)”可知，Blosberg被診斷出生病了。故選B。【5題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Iknewtherehadtobeotherkidsoutthere,andIwantedtoconnectwiththem(我知道一定還有其他的孩子，我想和他們交流)”以及““Ifyoufindanyoneelseyoung,letmeknow,”Blosbergrecallssayingtotheorganization.“Iwanttotalktothem.Iwantthemtoknowthatthey’renotalone.”(“如果你找到其他年輕人，請告訴我，”Blosberg回憶當(dāng)時對該組織說的?！拔蚁牒退麄冋?wù)?。我想讓他們知道，他們并不孤單?！?”可知，Blosberg要創(chuàng)建一個Facebook頁面是為了將更多的年輕人與多發(fā)性硬化癥聯(lián)系起來。故選D?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Blosberg’sFacebookpagewasherwayofbringingyoungpeoplewithMStogether.Butshedecidedtotakethingsonestepfurtherbyfoundinganonprofit,theMSMonkey,whichsupportschildrenandteenagerswhohavebeendiagnosedwiththeillness.(Blosberg的Facebook主頁是她將MS的年輕人聚集在一起的方式。但她決定更進一步，成立一個非營利組織MSMonkey，為被診斷患有這種疾病的兒童和青少年提供幫助)”可推知，Blosberg熱心且意志堅強。故選A?！?題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第二段中“AfterBlosbergwasofficiallydiagnosedwithMSin2011,sherealizedsheneededtoconnectwithotherteenagerswhohadMSandtrulyunderstoodwhatshewasgoingthrough.“Iknewtherehadtobeotherkidsoutthere,andIwantedtoconnectwiththem,”shesays.(在2011年，Blosberg被正式診斷為多發(fā)性硬化癥后，她意識到她需要與其他患有多發(fā)性硬化癥的青少年交流，真正理解她正在經(jīng)歷的事情。她說：“我知道一定還有其他的孩子，我想和他們交流?！?”結(jié)合文章主要講述了Blosberg和父親一樣，患上了多發(fā)性硬化癥，她意識到她需要與其他患有多發(fā)性硬化癥的青少年交流，真正理解她正在經(jīng)歷的事情。于是她設(shè)立Facebook頁面，后來還創(chuàng)建了非營利組織MSMonkey，為被診斷患有這種疾病的兒童和青少年提供幫助。可知，C選項“沒有人需要獨自戰(zhàn)斗”最符合文章標(biāo)題。故選C。CHabitatloss,pesticides(農(nóng)藥)andclimatechangearethreateninginsectpopulationsworldwide.In2019,BiologicalConservationreportedthat40%ofallinsectsspeciesaredeclining(減少)globallyandthatathirdofthemareendangered.Andwhileitmaysoundnicetoliveinaworldwithfewerbadinsects,environmentalwriterOliverMilmansaysthathumanbeingswouldbeinbigtroublewithoutinsects.That’sbecauseinsectsplayimportantrolesinpollinating(給……授粉)plantsweeat,breakingdownwasteinforestsoilandformingthebaseofafoodchainthatotherlargeranimals—includinghumans—relyupon.“Itwouldbeanextremelyterribleplacetolivein—andcertainlynotsomethingweshouldeveraimfor.”Milmansaysofaninsect-freeexistence.“Youwouldcertainlyhavemassstarvationandsocialunrest...It’dbeaplacewheretherewouldbesmellywasteanddeadbodieseverywherebecauseinsectsthatbreakdownthosematerialswouldbegone.”Milmanchartsthetroublingdeclineofinsectsinhisnewbook,TheInsectCrisis:TheFalloftheTinyEmpiresThatRuntheWorld.Hesaysthatwhileit’simpossibletoknowexactlywhat’shappeningwitheveryinsectspeciesintheworld,theoveralltrendsarenotgood:ThebutterflypopulationinNorthAmericahasdeclinedquicklyinthepast40years,forexample,andaU.N.assessmentdonein2019foundthathalfamillioninsectspeciesareunderthreatofextinction,someinthecomingdecades.“Theworld,oursurroundings,wouldbefarquieter,fardullerwithoutinsects.”hesays.“Whenyoustartkindofdiggingdownintothesefigureslookingattheresearch,it’sclearthatthere’ssomethingseriouslywrong...Thereisastraightdeclineinmostinsectpopulations,andthatspellsmajortroubleforthembutalsoforus.”8.Whatdoesparagraph2mainlytellusaboutinsects?A.Theirclassification. B.Theirimportance.C.Theirfoodchain. D.Theirpopulation.9.WhatcanbeinferredaboutMilman’snewbook?A.Itdescribestheworryingdeclineofinsects.B.Ittellswhat’shappeningwithallinsectspecies.C.Itshowshalfamillionbutterflyspecieswillbeindangerofextinction.D.ItexplainswhythenumberofbutterfliesinSouthAmericahasincreased.10.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetothedeclineofinsectpopulation?A.Positive. B.Unconcerned. C.Worried. D.Doubtful.11.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.Theintroductionoftheendangeredinsects.B.Theeffectsofthedeclininginsects’population.C.Thewaysofincreasinginsects’population.D.Thereasonsofthreateninginsects’population.【答案】8.B9.A10.C11.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了昆蟲數(shù)量下降對人類產(chǎn)生的影響。【8題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第二段“That’sbecauseinsectsplayimportantrolesinpollinating(給……授粉)plantsweeat,breakingdownwasteinforestsoilandformingthebaseofafoodchainthatotherlargeranimals—includinghumans—relyupon.(這是因為昆蟲在為我們食用的植物授粉、分解森林土壤中的廢物以及形成包括人類在內(nèi)的其他大型動物所依賴的食物鏈的基礎(chǔ)方面發(fā)揮著重要作用。)”可知，本段主要介紹了昆蟲的重要性。故選B項?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第四段“Milmanchartsthetroublingdeclineofinsectsinhisnewbook,TheInsectCrisis:TheFalloftheTinyEmpiresThatRuntheWorld.Hesaysthatwhileit'simpossibletoknowexactlywhat'shappeningwitheveryinsectspeciesintheworld,theoveralltrendsarenotgood(米爾曼在他的新書《昆蟲危機：統(tǒng)治世界的小帝國的衰落》中描繪了昆蟲令人不安的衰落。他說，雖然不可能確切地知道世界上每一種昆蟲都發(fā)生了什么，但總體趨勢并不樂觀)”可知，米爾曼的這本新書中主要描述了令人擔(dān)憂的昆蟲數(shù)量的下降情況。故選A項?！?0題詳解】推理判斷題。分析全文內(nèi)容可知，第二段介紹了昆蟲的重要性，第四段通過介紹米爾曼的新書描繪了昆蟲令人不安的衰落，再根據(jù)文章最后一段“Thereisastraightdeclineinmostinsectpopulations,andthatspellsmajortroubleforthembutalsoforus(大多數(shù)昆蟲的數(shù)量都在直線下降，這不僅給它們帶來了大麻煩，也給我們帶來了大麻煩)”可知，作者對昆蟲下降的態(tài)度是擔(dān)憂的。故選C項?！?1題詳解】主旨大意題。分析全文內(nèi)容，并根據(jù)最后一段“Thereisastraightdeclineinmostinsectpopulations,andthatspellsmajortroubleforthembutalsoforus(大多數(shù)昆蟲的數(shù)量都在直線下降，這不僅給它們帶來了大麻煩，也給我們帶來了大麻煩)”可知，文章主要介紹了昆蟲數(shù)量下降對人類產(chǎn)生的影響。所以B選項“昆蟲數(shù)量下降的影響”符合題意。故選B項。DAstudyonastronautsfoundthatashortsleepduringthedayuptotwoandahalfhourslongimprovedworkingmemoryperformance.Workingmemoryincludesfocusingattentionononetaskwhileholdingothertasksinmemory,soapoorworkingmemorycouldresultinerrors.Takingashortsleepmaymakeyouthinkmoreclearlyfortheperiodrightafteryouwakeupandmaybehoursintotheday.Takingashortsleeponceortwiceaweekcouldlowertheriskofheartattacks,accordingtoa2019studypublishedinthejournalHeart.Aftertrackingmorethan3,400peoplebetweentheagesof35and75forslightlymorethanfiveyears,theresearchersfoundthatthosewhoenjoyedoccasionalshortsleep—onceortwiceaweek,forfiveminutestoanhour—were48%lesslikelythanthosewhodidn'ttakeashortsleeptoexperienceaheartattackorheartfailure.Alackofqualitysleepcouldleadtoovereatingbecausenotenoughsleepisbelievedtostimulatehungerandstophormone(荷爾蒙)signalsthatcommunicatefullness.Thefindingswereimportantbecausewomenwereathighriskoffatnessandsleepdisorderstheresearcherssaid,whichcouldbothbedrivenbyahighintakeoffood.Takingashortsleephasbeenfoundtoimproveyourcreativity.Therightsideofyourbrainmightexperienceastrongmentalfeelingduringashortsleep,researchsuggested.Therightsideisthehemisphere(半球體)mostassociatedwithcreativetasks,suchasimaginationandthinking,whiletheleftismorelogical.Researchersmonitoringthebrainactivityof15peoplefoundthattherightsideoftheirbraincommunicatedbusilywithitselfaswellaswithitsleftpart.Theleftsideofthebrain,however,remainedrelativelyquiet.InaJanuary2020studyof2,214Chineseadultsaged60andolder,thosewhotookafternoonsleepforfiveminutestotwohoursshowedbettermentalresponsethanthosewhodidn’ttakeashortsleep.12.Whatdoweknowaboutthestudyonastronauts?A.Takingashortsleepsurelyresultsinerrors.B.Improvingworkingmemoryabilityneedsalongsleep.C.Sleepinguptooneandahalfhourisneededduringtheday.D.Havingagoodworkingmemorymaycompletethetaskbetter.13.Whatcanweinferabouttakingashortsleepfromparagraph2?A.Itmaymakeyouthinkclearlyallday.B.Itcouldreducetheriskofheartattacks.C.Itmade48%ofpeoplefreefromaheartattack.D.Itmaycauseover3,400personstosufferfromheartattack.14.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“stimulate”inparagraph3mean?A.Referto. B.Focuson. C.Giveup. D.Resultin.15.Inwhichsectionofanewspapermaythistextappear?A.Sports. B.Education. C.Health. D.Technology.【答案】12.D13.B14.D15.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。主要內(nèi)容是白天短時間的睡眠可以善我們的工作記憶表現(xiàn)、降低心臟病發(fā)作的風(fēng)險、提高創(chuàng)造性，并且可以使我們的精神狀態(tài)更好。【12題詳解】推理判斷題。由第一段“Astudyonastronautsfoundthatashortsleepduringthedayuptotwoandahalfhourslongimprovedworkingmemoryperformance.Workingmemoryincludesfocusingattentionononetaskwhileholdingothertasksinmemory,soapoorworkingmemorycouldresultinerrors.(一項針對宇航員的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，白天長達(dá)兩個半小時的短睡眠可以改善工作記憶表現(xiàn)。工作記憶包括將注意力集中在一項任務(wù)上，同時對其他任務(wù)保持記憶，所以糟糕的工作記憶可能會導(dǎo)致錯誤)”可知，糟糕的工作記憶可能會導(dǎo)致錯誤，由此推知，良好的工作記憶可以讓人更好地完成任務(wù)。故選D項?！?3題詳解】推理判斷題。由第二段的句子“Takingashortsleeponceortwiceaweekcouldlowertheriskofheartattacks,accordingtoa2019studypublishedinthejournalHeart.(2019年發(fā)表在《心臟》雜志上的一項研究表明，每周睡一兩次的短時間睡眠可以降低心臟病發(fā)作的風(fēng)險)”可推知，短時間睡眠可以降低心臟病發(fā)作的風(fēng)險。故選B項?！?4題詳解】詞句猜測題。由劃線單詞前面的句子“Alackofqualitysleepcouldleadtoovereating(缺乏高質(zhì)量的睡眠可能會導(dǎo)致暴飲暴食)”可知，缺乏睡眠會讓人吃得過多，吃得多肯定是因為產(chǎn)生了饑餓感。所以文中劃線詞stimulate與resultin意思相近，是“導(dǎo)致、產(chǎn)生”的意思。故選D項?！?5題詳解】推理判斷題。本文的主要內(nèi)容是說白天短時間的睡眠可以改善我們的工作記憶表現(xiàn)、降低心臟病發(fā)作的風(fēng)險、提高創(chuàng)造性，并且可以使我們的精神狀態(tài)更好，這些都是和健康密切相關(guān)的話題。所以文章可能會出現(xiàn)在報紙的“Health”板塊。故選C項。第二節(jié)(共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Theaftermath(后果)ofanearthquakecanbehorrible,butitisimportantthatyouareattentiveandfocusedafteranearthquakehappens.Fires,gasleaks,andinjuriesarealldangersyoumightfaceafteranearthquake.___16___Byassessingthesafetyofyourlocationandfollowingthedirectionsoflocalauthorities,yourchancesofsurvivingtheaftermathofanearthquakewillbemuchhigher.Checkyourselfforinjuries.___17___Ifyou’rebleeding,liftyourinjuryupandputpressureonit.Ifyourinjuryisserious,callforhelpusingacellphoneortrytogetrescuers’attention.___18___Useacellphonetocallforhelpifyouhaveone.Ifyoucan’tuseaphone,tryknockingloudlyonsomethingnearbyuntilrescuersfindyou.Aftershocksaresmallerearthquakeswhichfollowthemainshockofanearthquake.___19___Soyoushouldpreparetomovetoasafelocation,likeanopenoutdoorspaceorastructurallysoundbuilding.Exitthebuildingandgotoasaferplaceoncetheshakinghasstopped.Thestructureofthebuildingyou’reinmayhavebeenweakenedbythemainearthquake.___20___A.Signalforhelpifyouaretrapped.B.Theycancausesignificantdamage.C.Remaincalmastheearthquakeoccurs.D.Themorepreparedyouare,thesaferyou’llbe.E.Makesureyou’renotseriouslyhurtbeforeyoudoanything.F.Aftertheearthquake,youmustgetmedicaltreatmentintime.G.Therefore,youshouldleaveassoonaspossibleincaseofanyaftershocks.【答案】16.D17.E18.A19.B20.G【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。主要介紹了地震后應(yīng)該注意的危險以及應(yīng)采取的自救方式。【16題詳解】下文“Byassessingthesafetyofyourlocationandfollowingthedirectionsoflocalauthorities,yourchancesofsurvivingtheaftermathofanearthquakewillbemuchhigher.(通過評估您所在位置的安全性并遵循地方當(dāng)局的指示，您在地震后幸存的幾率將大大提高)”說明如果提前做準(zhǔn)備，那么地震后幸存的幾率會更高，D項“你準(zhǔn)備得越充分，就越安全。”引出下文，符合題意。故選D?！?7題詳解】上文“Checkyourselfforinjuries.(檢查自己是否受傷)”說明需要檢查自己的身體狀況，E項“在你做任何事情之前，確保你沒有受到嚴(yán)重傷害?！边M一步說明要先檢查自己身體是否受傷，然后才能采取行動，符合題意。故選E?！?8題詳解】下文“Useacellphonetocallforhelpifyouhaveone.Ifyoucan’tuseaphone,tryknockingloudlyonsomethingnearbyuntilrescuersfindyou.(如果你有手機，請用手機打電話求救。如果你不能使用電話，試著大聲敲打附近的東西，直到救援人員找到你)”說明要采取方式發(fā)出求救信號，A項“如果你被困，發(fā)出求救信號。”引出下文，符合題意。故選A?！?9題詳解】上文“Aftershocksaresmallerearthquakeswhichfollowthemainshockofanearthquake.(余震是繼主震之后發(fā)生的較小地震)”說明地震之后還可能發(fā)生余震，B項中They指代上文中的余震，B項“它們可能會造成重大損害?！闭f明余震的危害性，承接上文，符合題意。故選B?！?0題詳解】上文“Thestructureofthebuildingyou’reinmayhavebeenweakenedbythemainearthquake.(你所在的大樓的結(jié)構(gòu)可能已經(jīng)被主震削弱了)”說明地震后大樓變得不安全，G項“因此，你應(yīng)該盡可能快地離開以防有任何余震發(fā)生。”說明應(yīng)該采取的正確方式，符合題意。故選G。第三部分語言運用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。TroyKotsuristheseconddeafactortobenominated(提名)foranAcademyAward.InhisOscar-nominatedperformanceinChildOfDeafAdults,Kotsur____21____justonewordusingsignlanguage.Themoviestar,EmiliaJones,actsastheonlyhearing____22____ofadeaffamily.ToencourageEmiliaactingashisdaughtertogoafterher____23____ofsingingandattendingcollege,Kotsursays,“Go!”“Ihopethatyoungpeoplewho____24____tobedeaforhardofhearingcangetanincreased____25____,”Kotsursaid.“Iwantthosekidstotrustthemselvesmore.”ThemoviehasmadeKotsur____26____andmadehistoryforthedeafcommunity.Kotsurisalsothefirstdeaf____27____evernominatedindividuallyforaScreenActorsGuildAward.Kotsur’sroadtotheOscars____28____inschool.Asachild,KotsurlovedcartoonslikeTomandJerry.Hewould_____29____thestoriesforhisdeaf____30____ontheschoolbus.Helater____31____actingatGallaudetUniversity,auniversityforthedeafinWashington,D.C.Aftergraduating,heperformedwiththeNationalTheatreoftheDeaf.Withfewrolesinfilm____32____fordeafactors,Kotsurhadtofind____33____instageacting.BeginningwithOfMiceandMenin1994,KotsurhasactedintwentyproductionsinLosAngeles.Kotsurwants____34____tochangetheirwrongideasaboutwhatdeafpeoplearelikeafterseeingthefilm,“We’vebeenwaitingforsolongtorecognizedeafactorsanditisourhopethatdeafactorswillnothaveto____35____solongtoberecognizedonthislevel,”hesaid.21.A.announced B.said C.informed D.created22.A.staff B.survivor C.group D.member23.A.careers B.dreams C.hobbies D.promises24.A.happen B.hate C.pretend D.refuse25.A.wish B.patience C.confidence D.imagination26.A.famous B.proud C.powerful D.free27.A.artist B.director C.actor D.employer28.A.competed B.began C.stopped D.responded29.A.makeout B.workout C.figureout D.actout30.A.classmates B.colleagues C.families D.strangers31.A.covered B.studied C.risked D.taught32.A.responsible B.anxious C.suitable D.eager33.A.partners B.ideas C.cartoons D.roles34.A.directors B.workers C.actresses D.viewers35.A.wait B.spend C.waste D.consider【答案】21.B22.D23.B24.A25.C26.A27.C28.B29.D30.A31.B32.C33.D34.D35.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要介紹了TroyKotsur是第二位獲得奧斯卡提名的聾啞人演員，講述了他成為聾啞演員的個人經(jīng)歷?！?1題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：在他獲得奧斯卡提名的電影《聾啞成人的孩子》中，Kotsur只用手語說了一個詞。A.announced宣布；B.said說話；C.informed通知；D.created創(chuàng)造。根據(jù)后文“justonewordusingsignlanguage”指只說了一個單詞，應(yīng)用動詞say。故選B?！?2題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：電影明星EmiliaJones是聾人家庭中唯一一個聽力正常的成員。A.staff員工；B.survivor幸存者；C.group組；D.member成員。根據(jù)后文“ofadeaffamily”可知，EmiliaJones是聾人家庭中唯一一個聽力正常的成員。故選D。【23題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：為了鼓勵扮演他女兒的Emilia去追求她唱歌和上大學(xué)的夢想，Kotsur說：“去吧!”A.careers事業(yè)；B.dreams夢想；C.hobbies愛好；D.promises承諾。根據(jù)后文“ofsingingandattendingcollege”指唱歌和上大學(xué)的夢想，故選B?！?4題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：Kotsur說：“我希望失聰或聽力有問題的年輕人能增加信心?！盇.happen發(fā)生；B.hate討厭；C.pretend假裝；D.refuse拒絕。根據(jù)后文“tobedeaforhardofhearing”此處指那些失聰或聽力有問題的年輕人，happento表示“發(fā)生于”。故選A?！?5題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：Kotsur說：“我希望失聰或聽力有問題的年輕人能增加信心。”A.wish希望；B.patience耐心；C.confidence自信；D.imagination想象。根據(jù)上文“tobedeaforhardofhearingcangetanincreased”可知，Kotsur希望失聰或聽力有問題的年輕人能增加信心。故選C?！?6題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：這部電影讓Kotsur名聲大噪，也為聾人社區(qū)創(chuàng)造了歷史。A.famous出名的；B.proud自豪的；C.powerful強大的；D.free免費的。根據(jù)第一段中“TroyKotsuristheseconddeafactortobenominatedforanAcademyAward.(TroyKotsur是第二位獲得奧斯卡提名的聾啞人演員)”可知，他出名了。故選A?！?7題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：Kotsur也是第一個獲得美國演員工會獎提名的聾啞演員。A.artist藝術(shù)家；B.director導(dǎo)演；C.actor演員；D.employer雇員。根據(jù)后文“foraScreenActorsGuildAward”可知他是聾啞演員。故選C?！?8題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：Kotsur的奧斯卡之路始于學(xué)校。A.competed競爭；B.began開始；C.stopped停止；D.responded回答。根據(jù)后文“Asachild,KotsurlovedcartoonslikeTomandJerry.(小的時候，Kotsur就喜歡像《貓和老鼠》這樣的動畫片)”可知，Kotsur的奧斯卡之路始于學(xué)校。故選B?！?9題詳解】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：他將在校車上為他的聾啞同學(xué)表演這些故事。A.makeout填寫；B.workout解決；C.figureout弄清楚；D.actout演出來。根據(jù)后文“thestoriesforhisdeaf”指表演《貓和老鼠》里的故事。故選D。30題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他將在校車上為他的聾啞同學(xué)表演這些故事。A.classmates同學(xué)；B.colleagues同事；C.families家人；D.strangers陌生人。根據(jù)后文“ontheschoolbus”可知指為聾啞同學(xué)表演這些故事。故選A。【31題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：后來他在加勞德特大學(xué)學(xué)習(xí)表演，這是一所華盛頓特區(qū)的聾啞人大學(xué)。A.covered覆蓋；B.studied學(xué)習(xí)；C.risked冒險；D.taught教學(xué)。根據(jù)后文“actingatGallaudetUniversity”可知他后來去了大學(xué)學(xué)習(xí)表演。故選B?！?2題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：由于電影中很少有適合聾啞演員的角色，Kotsur不得不在舞臺表演中尋找角色。A.responsible負(fù)責(zé)的；B.anxious焦慮的；C.suitable合適的；D.eager渴望的。根據(jù)上文“Withfewrolesinfilm”可知，這里指適合聾啞演員的角色，故選C?！?3題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：由于電影中很少有適合聾啞演員的角色，Kotsur不得不在舞臺表演中尋找角色。A.partners伙伴；B.ideas想法；C.cartoons卡通；D.roles角色。根據(jù)上文“Withfewrolesinfilm”可知，Kotsur需要自己在舞臺表演中尋找角色。故選D?！?4題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：Kotsur希望觀眾在看完這部電影后能夠改變他們對聾啞人的錯誤看法。A.directors導(dǎo)演；B.workers工人；C.actresses女演員；D.viewers觀眾。根據(jù)后文“afterseeingthefilm”可知看電影的是觀眾。故選D?！?5題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：他說：“我們已經(jīng)等了這么長時間來認(rèn)可聾啞演員，我們希望聾啞演員不用等這么久才能得到這個水平的認(rèn)可?！盇.wait等待；B.spend花費；C.waste浪費；D.consider考慮。根據(jù)后文“solongtoberecognizedonthislevel”可知指等待很長時間來得到認(rèn)可，故選A。第二節(jié)(共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Afterhercollegeclosedforthefirstlockdown(封控)inMarch2020,FintyRoylewaslookingforsomethingtodoinhercommunitytohelppeople.Whenalocalcompanysaidthatit____36____(want)someonetodeliverfreemealsforfamilies____37____need,itwasperfectforRoyle.Shecycled25milesaroundherareaeverydaytohandoutthemeals.SpeakingtoTheWeekJunior,shesaid,“Thechildrengot____38____(extreme)excitedtoseemeeveryday.Therewasevenonefamilywhohaddrawn____39____pictureinchalkofsomeonecyclingthrougharainbowinfrontoftheirhouse.”Royle,aged19,hasnowbecomeayouthcampaignerforacharitycalledMagicBreak-fast,____40____aimstoprovidepupilsacrosstheUKwith____41____(health)breakfaststohelpthemlearnaswellastheycanatschool.Shesaysthebest____42____(choose)forbreakfastisporridgebecauseit’sgoodforyouanditkeepsyou____43____(go)forthewholemorning.MagicBreakfast’syouthcampaigners,includingRoyle,havewrittentoPrimeMinistertoaskhimtoincreasetheGovernment’sfundingforfreeschoolbreakfastsby￡75million.AsfoodpricesriseacrosstheUK,morefamiliesmayfindithardtoaffordschoolmeals.Roylebelievesitismeaningfultodowhatyoucan____44____(help)yourlocalcommunityandwhatyoudocanalsochange____45____(you).【答案】36.wanted37.in38.extremely39.a40.which41.healthy42.choice43.going44.tohelp45.yourself【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述羅伊爾在2020年開始給需要的家庭送免費膳食并現(xiàn)在成為一個名為“神奇快攻”的慈善機構(gòu)的青年活動家?！?6題詳解】考查時態(tài)。句意：當(dāng)一家當(dāng)?shù)毓颈硎鞠Ｍ腥藶橛行枰募彝ヌ峁┟赓M膳食時，這對羅伊爾來說是再合適不過了。由前文said可知，賓語從句中謂語也應(yīng)用一般過去時，且和主語為主動關(guān)系。故填wanted?！?7題詳解】考查介詞。句意：當(dāng)一家當(dāng)?shù)毓颈硎鞠Ｍ腥藶橛行枰募彝ヌ峁┟赓M膳食時，這對羅伊爾來說是再合適不過了。inneed表“有需要的”，為固定搭配，在這里作定語修飾前面名詞families。故填in?！?8題詳解】考查副詞。句意：孩子們每天見到我都非常興奮。分析句子可知，此空應(yīng)填副詞修飾后面形容詞excited。故填extremely?！?9題詳解】考查冠詞。句意：甚至有一家人用粉筆畫了一幅畫，畫的是一個人騎自行車穿過他們家門前的彩虹。分析句子可知，picture為可數(shù)名詞，這里第一次出現(xiàn)，所以應(yīng)用不定冠詞a。故填a?！?0題詳解】考查定語從句。句意：19歲的羅伊爾現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)成為一個名為“神奇快攻”的慈善機構(gòu)的青年活動家，該慈善機構(gòu)旨在為英國各地的學(xué)生提供健康的早餐，幫助他們在學(xué)校盡可能好地學(xué)習(xí)。分析句子可知，這句是非限制性定語從句，先行詞為acharity，在從句中作主語。故填which?！?1題詳解】考查形容詞。句意：19歲的羅伊爾現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)成為一個名為“神奇快攻”的慈善機構(gòu)的青年活動家，該慈善機構(gòu)旨在為英國各地的學(xué)生提供健康的早餐，幫助他們在學(xué)校盡可能好地學(xué)習(xí)。分析句子可知，此空應(yīng)填形容詞修飾后面名詞breakfasts。故填healthy?！?2題詳解】考查名詞。句意：她說早餐最好的選擇是粥，因為它對你有好處，能讓你堅持一上午。分析句子可知，thebest后應(yīng)加名詞做主語，再由后文is可知，這里應(yīng)用可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)。故填choice?！?3題詳解】考查非謂語。句意：她說早餐最好選擇是粥，因為它對你有好處，能讓你堅持一上午。keepsbdoingsth表“讓某人一直做某事”，為固定搭配。故填going?！?4題詳解】考查非謂語。句意：羅伊爾認(rèn)為，盡你所能幫助當(dāng)?shù)厣鐓^(qū)是有意義的，你所做的也可以改變自己。根據(jù)句子分析可知，這里考查dowhatyoucan(do)todo,意為“做你能夠做的來...”，所以這里應(yīng)填不定式表目的。故填tohelp。【45題詳解】考查代詞。句意：羅伊爾認(rèn)為，盡你所能幫助當(dāng)?shù)厣鐓^(qū)是有意義的，你所做的也可以改變自己。根據(jù)句意可知，這里表示你所做的可以改變“你自己”，所以本空應(yīng)填反身代詞。故填yourself。第四部分寫作(共兩節(jié)，滿分40分)第一節(jié)(滿分15分)46.假定你是李華，你的英國朋友Tom將參加以“我最喜歡的中國體育明星”為主題的英語演講比賽。他想要你推薦一位中國體育明星。請你給他寫封電子郵件，內(nèi)容包括：1.推薦人選；2.推薦的理由；3.表達(dá)你的祝福。注意：1.詞數(shù)100左右；2.可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫。____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】DearTom,I'mhappytoreceiveyourletterandknowthatyouaregoingtotakepartintheEnglishspeechcontest,whosethemeis“MyFavoriteChineseSportsStar”.KnowingthatyouwanttointroduceafamousChinesesportsstar,IrecommendDengYapingtoyouforthefollowingreasons.Firstofall,DengYapingcreatedtoomanymiracles,butalsowonalotofgloryfortheChinesepeople.Secondly,shetrainedveryhard.Therewasanindomitablespiritinher,whichdeeplyinfectedus.Finally,shemadeusunderstandthetruththataslongasweputintheeffort,wewillberewardedIwishyouagoodresultinthespeechcontest.Yours,LiHua【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本篇書面表達(dá)是一篇應(yīng)用文。要求考生為即將參加以“我最喜歡的中國體育明星”為主題的英語演講比賽的英國朋友Tom推薦一名中國體育明星?！驹斀狻?.詞匯積累參加：takepartin→participatein比賽：contest→competition奇跡：miracles→wonder訓(xùn)練：train→drill2.句式拓展簡單句變復(fù)合句原句