【英語(yǔ)】河南省五市2023-2024學(xué)年高三年級(jí)下冊(cè)一模試題(解析版)

河南省五市2023-2024學(xué)年高三下學(xué)期一模

英語(yǔ)試題

第一部分聽(tīng)力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）

略

第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）

第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）

閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。

A

JonathanDrori'sinterestinplantsdatesbacktohisyearswhengrowingupinsouthwest

London.TheylivedwithinwalkingdistanceoftheRoyalBotanicGardens,Kew,hometooneof

themostdiversecollectionsofplantsintheworld.Hisparentswouldtakehimandhisbrother

frequentlytothegardens,exploringthegroundsanddiscoveringnewplantspeciesfromaround

theworld.

“Myfatherwastrainedinbotanybutworkedasanengineer,whilemymotherwasinterest-

edinthebeautyofplants,9,hesays,"Shewouldcarryamagnifyingglassinherpurse,andwe'd

gotoKeweveryweektolookattheindividualplants.9,

NowDroriisabotanyexpert.He'sbuiltacareerasaneducator,focusingontheenvironment

andtechnology,andisalsoaproductiveauthor.Hisnewbookexplainsthehistoricalandcultural

significanceofdifferentplantspecies.Usingamapashisguide,heselectedabouteightyplants

fromaroundtheworld,andeachhasaninterestingbackstorythatfocusesonthecultural

significanceandbotanicalstructureofeachspecies.

Forexample,amaranth（范菜）fromPeruhasalmostbeenforgotten,sinceifsoftenover-

shadowedbymorereadilyavailablewholegrainslikeoatsandrye.However,ithasgained

popularityinrecentyearsthankstobeinghighlynutritiousandagoodsourceofbeneficialacids.

Infact,beforetheSpanishConquestin1519,amaranthwasamajorfoodstuffoftheIncaand

Aztecempires.TheAztecsuseditsseedsforceremonialpurposes,mixingamaranthflourinto

figuresrepresentingimportantdeitieswithintheirculture,suchasTlaloc,thegodofrain.

1.WheredidJonathanDrori'sinterestinbotanymainlycomefrom?

A.HiscollectionB.Histeachers

C.HisbooksD.Hischildhood

2.WhichofthefollowingisthemostpossibletitleforJonathanDrori'snewbook?

A.AroundtheWorldin80PlantsB.HowPlantsRelatetoCivilization

C.HowPlantsTellStoriesofHistoryD.ABriefHistoryofResearchonPlants

3.Whatleadstoamaranthbecomingmoreandmorepopularrecently?

A.ItshistoricalvalueB.Itsceremonialvalue

C.ItshealthyvalueD.Itsculturalvalue

【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。主要介紹了植物學(xué)專(zhuān)家喬納森?德羅里的相關(guān)信息。

【答案】1D2.B3.C

【1題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的“JonathanDrori'sinterestinplantsdatesbacktohisyearswhen

growingupinsouthwestLondon.（喬納森?德羅里對(duì)植物的興趣可以追溯到他在倫敦西南部

長(zhǎng)大的時(shí)候。）”可知，喬納森?德羅里對(duì)植物學(xué)的興趣主要來(lái)自他的童年。故選D。

【2題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中的“Hisnewbookexplainsthehistoricalandculturalsignificance

ofdifferentplantspecies.（他的新書(shū)解釋了不同植物物種的歷史和文化意義。）”可知，喬納

森?德羅里的新書(shū)與植物物種和文明有關(guān)。因此B項(xiàng)“HowPlantsRelatetoCivilization（植

物與文明的關(guān)系）”最有可能是他的書(shū)的書(shū)名。故選B。

【3題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中的uHowever,ithasgainedpopularityinrecentyearsthanksto

beinghighlynutritiousandagoodsourceofbeneficialacids.（然而,由于其營(yíng)養(yǎng)豐富和有益酸

的良好來(lái)源，近年來(lái)它越來(lái)越受歡迎。）”可知，覽菜越來(lái)越受歡迎得益于它的營(yíng)養(yǎng)價(jià)值。

故選C。

B

EarlyinmytimeinChina,IaskedacoworkerifshenoticedanythingAmericansdothatis

strange."Ybu'realwaysfighting,evenwithyourbestfriend.^^shesaid.Shehadneverseenme

fightwithmyfriend,soIwassurprised,untilIrealizedshewasreferringtoaphilosophical

debate.Thoughpassionate,myfriendandIwouldhardlyhaveconsidereditafight.Accordingto

him,manyChinesewouldn'ttelltheirfriendto"shutyourmouthwhenyouspeaktome“ortell

them,Uyourlogicissodumb-youdon'thaveobjectpermanence”,whichisopposedtosocial

harmony.

Wordsaremetaphors,servingtocomprehendabstractideasorbeliefs.Eachlanguage

possessesaninnerlogic,influencinghowitsspeakersstructuresentencesandunderstandwords.

Thisuniquenessextendsbeyondmerevocabulary;itspreadstothesystemofexpression,shaping

thoughtsandideas.Regardlessofhowskilledonebecomesatcommunicating,orhowmany

dictionariesthey'veread,theycannotguaranteethatthelistenerunderstandsthemcorrectly.

Eachlanguagebarrierexistswithinspeakersofthesamelanguage.In2013,1workedwitha

BritishmanwhohadlivedinChinaforadecadeandspokeChinesefluently.Ittookhimabout10

yearstofullyunderstandtheculture.EitherI'msilly,orhewaskiddingme.

Icanconfidentlysaythatafterallthistime,I'mevenmoreconfusedthanIwasthen...The

conceptsandideasIlearnaboutChinesecultureexpandendlessly,andIsuspectthatwillalways

betrue.IfTmlucky,I'llhaveanother30yearsoflife,lesstimethanmoreintelligentmenthanI

havespentstudyingculture.

PerhapsI'mnotmeanttounderstandChina.Thereisacceptanceandpeaceinthat.Withmy

foreignfriends,IwilljokeandeventeasethemandwithmyChinesefriends,Iwillaskquestions

toavoidgivingtheimpressionIamfightingwiththem.Iwillembracecross-culturalconfusion

andpersistinunderstandingmyChinesefriends,family,coworkersandneighbors,becausethat

knowledgebearsgiftsofwisdomandjoy.Mylifeisbetterforit.

4.WhatimpressiondoestheauthorleaveonhisChinesefriend?

A.Hespecializesindebating.B.Heiskindofrudetofriends.

C.Heargueswithothersmuch.D.Heispassionateaboutphilosophy.

5.WhatdoestheauthorstressaboutthelanguageinParagraph2?

A.ItsinnerlogicB.Itssignificantcomplexity

C.ItsabstractoriginD.Itschangingstructure

6.WhatmakestheauthormorepuzzledwhenlivinglongerinChina?

A.ProfoundChinesecultureB.HisBritishfriend's,experience

C.LittletimespentwithfamilyD.Differentunderstandingofhumor

7.Whichistheauthor'splanforfuturelife?

A.HewilltakeChinaasitis.B.Hewillreturntohismotherland.

C.HewillbemoreseriousinChina.D.Hewillpersistinacademicstudy.

【語(yǔ)篇解讀】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要講的是作者在中國(guó)的情景以及對(duì)中國(guó)文化的理

解，說(shuō)明了中美文化的差異以及中國(guó)文化的博大精深。

【答案】4.C5.B6.A7.A

【4題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段"You'realwaysfighting,evenwithyourbestfriend."she

said.（“你總是在吵架，即使是和你最好的朋友?！彼f(shuō)）可知，作者給中國(guó)朋友的印象是他

經(jīng)常和別人爭(zhēng)論。故選C項(xiàng)。

[5題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段"Eachlanguagepossessesaninnerlogic,influencinghowits

speakersstructuresentencesandunderstandwords.Thisuniquenessextendsbeyondmere

vocabulary;itspreadstothesystemofexpression,shapingthoughtsandideas.Regardlessofhow

skilledonebecomesatcommunicating,orhowmanydictionariesthey'veread,theycannot

guaranteethatthelistenerunderstandsthemcorrectly.（每種語(yǔ)言都有其內(nèi)在的邏輯，影響著說(shuō)

這種語(yǔ)言的人如何組織句子和理解單詞。這種獨(dú)特性不僅僅局限于詞匯；它傳播到表達(dá)系

統(tǒng)，形成思想和觀念。不管一個(gè)人的溝通技巧有多熟練，或者他們讀過(guò)多少字典，他們都

不能保證聽(tīng)者能正確地理解他們的意思）”可知，在文章第二段作者指出不管一個(gè)人的溝通

技巧有多熟練，或者他們讀過(guò)多少字典，他們都不能保證聽(tīng)者能正確地理解他們的意思。

由此推知，在第二段中作者強(qiáng)調(diào)的是語(yǔ)言顯著的復(fù)雜性。故選B項(xiàng)。

【6題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第四段"Icanconfidentlysaythatafterallthistime,Tmevenmore

confusedthanIwasthen...TheconceptsandideasIlearnaboutChinesecultureexpandendlessly,

andIsuspectthatwillalwaysbetrue.（我可以自信地說(shuō)，經(jīng)歷了這么久，我比當(dāng)時(shí)更困惑

T……我學(xué)到的關(guān)于中國(guó)文化的概念和想法是無(wú)窮無(wú)盡的，我懷疑這將永遠(yuǎn)是正確的）”

可知，深厚的中國(guó)文化讓作者感到更困惑。故選A項(xiàng)。

[7題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一■段"Iwillembracecross-culturalconfusionandpersistin

understandingmyChinesefriends,family,coworkersandneighbors,becausethatknowledge

bearsgiftsofwisdomandjoy.Mylifeisbetterforit.（我將接受跨文化的困惑，堅(jiān)持理解我的中

國(guó)朋友、家人、同事和鄰居，因?yàn)檫@些知識(shí)會(huì)帶來(lái)智慧和快樂(lè)。我的生活因此變得更好

了）”可推知，作者決定將接受中國(guó)的現(xiàn)狀。故選A項(xiàng)。

c

Inrecentyears,thepopularideaofreducingcarbonfootprintsbyeatinglocallytocutdown

foodmileshascomeundercloseexamination.However,arecentstudypublishedinNatureFood

indicatesthatglobalfoodmilesmightaccountforasmuchas20percentoffood-related

emissions,asignificantlyhigherpercentagethanpreviousestimations.Thisstatementbegsthe

question:Arefoodmilesmoresignificantthanweinitiallybelieved?

Foodmilesrepresentthedistancefoodtravelsfromproductiontoconsumption,with

previousstudiessuggestingthattheemissionsfromthesemilesaretinycomparedtotheemissions

producedduringthefoodgrowingprocess.Forinstance,producingonekilogramofbeef

generatesalmost99kgofCO2,whileapplesonlyproduce0.4kgperkilogram.Ifthegoalisto

minimizedietarycarbonfootprints,itwouldbemorebeneficialtochoosefoodswithloweroverall

carbonfootprints,eveniftheyhavetotraveladistance.Therefore,reducingmeatanddairyintake

couldprovetobeamoreeffectivestrategy.

Therecentstudydoesn'tcontradict（相矛盾）thisconclusion.Thereasonwhythereported

proportionishigheristhatthecalculationincludesalltransportinvolved,includingthe

transportationoffertilizers,farmequipment,andpesticides（殺蟲(chóng)齊！1）?HannahRitchie,a

researcherattheUniversityofOxford,suggeststhatatermotherthant6fbodmiles^^wouldbe

moreappropriatetoavoidanyconfusion.Ifthestudyhadfollowedthestandarddefinitionoffood

miles,thepercentagewoulddropto9percent,whichcorrespondsmorecloselywiththe4to6

percentfoundinpriorresearch.

Moreover,thestudytheorizesthatevenifallfoodwasproducedinthecountrieswhereitis

consumed,thereductioninemissionswouldonlybe1.7percentoverall.Thisisduetothefact

thatalargerproportionoffoodwouldbetransportedbyroadratherthanbysea,withtrucks

producinghigheremissionspertonofcargothanships.

“So,overall,thebottomlineisstillthatwhatyoueathasamuchbiggerimpactonemissions

thanthedistancethatfoodhastotraveltoreachyou,“saidRitchie.

8.Whathastherecentstudyfound?

A.Foodproductionhascausedalotofcarbonemissions.

B.Carbonemissionsfromfoodmilesareincreasingrapidly.

C.Carbonemissionreductionlargelydependsoneatinglocally.

D.Globalfoodmilesleadtomorecarbonemissionsthanexpected.

9.Whydoestheauthormention"beefand“apples“inparagraph.2?

A.Toexplainthebenefitsofapples

B.Tohighlightfoodproduction'seffect

C.Tocomparebeefandappleproduction

D.Toadvocateshort-distancetransportation

10.Whichofthefollowingisthebestsolutiontofood-relatedcarbonfootprints?

A.Supplyinghigh-caloryfoods

B.Upgradingfooddeliverysystems

C.Reducingmeatanddairyconsumption

D.Avoidingchemicalpesticidesforplants

11.WhatistheRitchie9sattitudetowardtherecentstudyfinding?

A.Unfavourable.B.Supportive.

C.Tolerant.D.Uncertain.

【語(yǔ)篇解讀】這是一篇說(shuō)明文，文章主要探討了食品運(yùn)輸下的碳排放。

【答案】8.D9,B10.C11.A

【8題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的"However,arecentstudypublishedinNatureFoodindicates

thatglobalfoodmilesmightaccountforasmuchas20percentoffood-relatedemissions,a

significantlyhigherpercentagethanpreviousestimations4然而，最近發(fā)表在《自然食品》雜志

上的一項(xiàng)研究表明，全球食物里程可能占食品相關(guān)排放的20%,這一比例比之前的估計(jì)要

高得）”可知，最近的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)全球食物里程導(dǎo)致的碳排放比預(yù)期的要多。故選D。

【9題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段內(nèi)容”Foodmilesrepresentthedistancefoodtravelsfromproduction

toconsumption,withpreviousstudiessuggestingthattheemissionsfromthesemilesaretiny

comparedtotheemissionsproducedduringthefoodgrowingprocess.Forinstance,producingone

kilogramofbeefgeneratesalmost99kgofCO2,whileapplesonlyproduce0.4kgper

kilogram.』食物里程代表食物從生產(chǎn)到消費(fèi)的距離，之前的研究表明，與食物生長(zhǎng)過(guò)程中

產(chǎn)生的排放量相比，這些里程的排放量很小。例如，生產(chǎn)一公斤牛肉會(huì)產(chǎn)生近99kg的二氧

化碳，而一公斤蘋(píng)果只產(chǎn)生0.4千克。）”可知，第二段通過(guò)對(duì)比生產(chǎn)一千克牛肉與生產(chǎn)一

千克蘋(píng)果產(chǎn)生的碳排放量，旨在強(qiáng)調(diào)食物生產(chǎn)對(duì)碳排放的影響。故選B。

【10題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理角軍題。根據(jù)第二段中的Therefore,reducingmeatanddairyintakecouldprovetobea

moreeffectivestrategy」因此，減少肉類(lèi)和奶制品的攝入量可能是一種更有效的策略）”可

知，減少與食物有關(guān)的碳足跡的一個(gè)潛在解決方法是減少肉類(lèi)和奶制品的攝入量。故選

Co

【11題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中“Thereasonwhythereportedproportionishigheristhatthe

calculationincludesalltransportinvolved,includingthetransportationoffertilizers,farm

equipment,andpesticides（殺蟲(chóng)齊!J）.HannahRitchie,aresearcherattheUniversityofOxford,

suggeststhatatermotherthan"foodmiles9wouldbemoreappropriatetoavoidanyconfusion.If

thestudyhadfollowedthestandarddefinitionoffoodmiles,thepercentagewoulddropto9

percent,whichcorrespondsmorecloselywiththe4to6percentfoundinpriorresearch.（報(bào)告的比

例之所以較高，是因?yàn)橛?jì)算中包括了所有涉及的運(yùn)輸，包括化肥、農(nóng)業(yè)設(shè)備和殺蟲(chóng)劑的運(yùn)

輸。牛津大學(xué)的研究員HannahRitchie建議，為了避免混淆，使用一個(gè)比‘食物里程'更

合適的術(shù)語(yǔ)。如果這項(xiàng)研究遵循食物里程的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)定義，這一比例將降至9%,這與之前研

究中發(fā)現(xiàn)的4%至6%更為接近）”可知，Ritchie認(rèn)為最新的研究擴(kuò)大了“食物里程”的概

念范圍，故推測(cè)他不贊成該研究，故選A。

D

Traditionally,manydecisionsaboutmedicaltreatmentwereleftuptodoctors:Theydecided,

andpatientsagreed.Today,healthcareprofessionalsareembracingtheideaofshareddecision-

making,wherepatientsbecomeinformedpartnersintheirchoices.Healthcareprofessionalsnow

focusonplacingthepatientatthecenterofcare,informingthemabouttheiroptions,andengaging

themintreatmentdecisions.Forexample,theyengagepatientsbyasking,ctWhafsimportantto

you?Andwhatareyourprioritiesandgoalsaswetalkaboutatreatmentplan?”

“Ithinkthere?sastrongrecognitioninAmericanmedicine,oftheimportanceofpatient

engagementnotonlyintheircare,butindecidingwhattypesofcareandtypesofprocedures

they'regoingtoget,“saidDr.Allen,aprofessorofmedicineattheUniversityofColoradoSchool

ofMedicineinAurora.

A2017study,publishedinthejournalCirculation:CardiovascularQualityandOutcomes

foundthatpeoplewithheartdiseasewhowentthrough-shareddecision-makinghadbetter

physicalandmentalhealth,betterobediencetomedicationandlowerratesofstayinginhospital

andemergencydepartmentuse.Patientsalsoreportedbettercommunicationwiththeirdoctors.

Whenpeoplearemoreengagedindecision-making,theyunderstandtheprosandconsofvarious

treatmentoptions,andthey'remorelikelytosticktothetreatmentplanandtocontinuethat

communication.

Butresearchonhowtobestapproachdifferent,culturalgroupsislacking.Manydoctorscite

limitedtimeasabarrier,althoughresearchshowsthatshareddecision-makingcanbe

accomplishedevenwithinshortclinicvisits.Also,currentmodelsofpaymentfordoctors9visits

donotalwaysagreewiththegoalsofshareddecision-making.Butunderlyingallthatisthat

medicaldecisionscanbe"incrediblycomplicated”.

Makingthepracticework,onawiderscaleisanevolvingprocess.Butinthelongrun,Allen

said:"shareddecision-makingcanensurethatwithalltheamazingnewtechnologiesand

treatmentsthatwewillhaveinmedicine,theyreallycanbeappliedtomorepatientsinatailored,

meaningfulwaythatmeetstheirownvalues,goalsandpreferences.^^

12.Whatroledodoctorsplayinshareddecision-making?

A.Theyareatthecenterofcare.B.Theyaskquestionstopatients:

C.Theyfollowpatients5opinions.D.Theypresentsuggestionstopatients.

13.Whichcanbeabenefittopatientsfromshareddecision-making?

A.ShortenedtimeinhospitalB.Improvedhealthyawareness

C.ReducedmentalproblemsD.Enhancedcommunicationskills

14.Whatisthebiggestchallengetoshareddecision-making?

A.Lackoffamilysupport

B.Limitedtimeandmoney

C.Uniquenessofmedicaltreatment

D.Complicatedmedicineproductionprocess

15.Whichcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?

A.SharedDecisionMaking:MorethanTechnology?

B.SharedDecisionMaking:anIdealWayforPatients

C.SharedDecisionMaking:aFutureModelofHospitals?

D.SharedDecisionMaking:AdvantagesandDisadvantages

【語(yǔ)篇解讀】這是一篇說(shuō)明文，文章主要介紹了醫(yī)患共同決策及其好處，也指出它面臨的挑

戰(zhàn)。

【答案】12.D13.A14.C15.C

【12題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中"Healthcareprofessionalsnowfocusonplacingthepatientatthe

centerofcare,informingthemabouttheiroptions,andengagingthemintreatmentdecisions.For

example,theyengagepatientsbyasking,4Whafsimportanttoyou?Andwhatareyourpriorities

andgoalsaswetalkaboutatreatmentplan?《衛(wèi)生保健專(zhuān)業(yè)人員現(xiàn)在的重點(diǎn)是把病人放在護(hù)理

的中心，告訴病人他們的選擇，并讓他們參與治療決策。例如，他們會(huì)問(wèn)病人：'對(duì)你來(lái)

說(shuō)什么是重要的？我們談?wù)撝委煼桨笗r(shí)你的首要任務(wù)和目標(biāo)是什么？'）”可知，醫(yī)生在共

同決策中向病人提出建議，故選D。

【13題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“A2017study,publishedinthejournalCirculation:

CardiovascularQualityandOutcomesfoundthatpeoplewithheartdiseasewhowentthrough-

shareddecision-makinghadbetterphysicalandmentalhealth,betterobediencetomedicationand

lowerratesofstayinginhospitalandemergencydepartmentuse.（2017年發(fā)表在《循環(huán)：心血管

質(zhì)量與結(jié)果》雜志上的一項(xiàng)研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，經(jīng)歷了共同決策的心臟病患者有更好的身心健康，

更好地服從藥物治療，住院和急診室使用率更低）”可知，參與共同決策對(duì)病人的好處是縮

短住院時(shí)間，故選A。

【14題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中“Butresearchonhowtobestapproachdifferentculturalgroupsis

lacking4但是，關(guān)于如何最好地接近不同文化群體的研究還很缺乏）”可知，共同決策最大

的挑戰(zhàn)是關(guān)于如何最好地接近不同文化群體的研究還很缺乏，即醫(yī)療的獨(dú)特性，故選C。

【15題詳解】

主旨大意題。根據(jù)全文內(nèi)容，結(jié)合第一段中“Today,healthcareprofessionalsareembracing

theideaofshareddecision-making,wherepatientsbecomeinformedpartnersintheirchoices.（今

天，衛(wèi)生保健專(zhuān)業(yè)人員正在接受共同決策的想法，患者在他們的選擇中成為知情的伙伴）”

可知，文章主要介紹了共同決策及其好處，也指出它面臨的挑戰(zhàn)，C項(xiàng)“共享決策：醫(yī)院

的未來(lái)模式？”為最佳標(biāo)題，故選Co

第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）

閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余

選項(xiàng)。

YouralarmgoesoffonJanuary1.Youforceyourselfoutofbedanddragyourfeettowardthe

bathroom,whereyouglimpseapale-facedstrangerinthemirror.16.Afteramoment,

however,youthink,“Wait,it'sokaybecausetodayisNewYear'sDay;there,stimetogetbackin

shape!,?

Formanypeople,thestartofanewyearsignalstheendofaperiodofoverindulgence（放縱）

indiet.17.Theyoftenrevolvearoundturningoneselfintoafitandhealthyhumanbeing.

However,thefactisthatapproximately80%ofthemareabandonedbeforeFebruary.Howdoesthat

happen?18.Whilewemayhavegoodintentionswhenmakingresolutions,wearenot

actuallymakingenoughdeterminationtoliveinamorecontrolledway.Changeinvolvesadegree

ofstress,andsomeonenotmentallyequippedtohandlethatstresswillstruggletochange.

So,whatcanyoudotoachieveyourhealthygoalsinthenewyear?Oneideaistothinksmall

ratherthantheopposite.19.Butinrealitychangeislikelyeasierinsmallersteps,which

allowsforgreatersuccess.Anotherhelpfulstrategyistodesignapersonalrewardsystem.Finally,

setconcretegoals.Insteadofmakingavagueresolutionlike'Tmgoingtogetinbettershapethis

year”,makeaspecificone.Forexample,"Tmgoingtorunfor30minuteseveryday“wouldbefar

morepowerful.Mostimportantly,rememberthatdespitetheirname,NewYear'sresolutionsshould

beforlife.20、butwithsuitablestrategies,thereisnoreasonwhyyoucannotsticktoyour

resolutionspermanentlyoratleastuntilMarch.

A.Changetakestimeandeffort

B.Instinctively,youstepbackinhorror

C.Ifsprobablyrelatedtoself-discipline

D.Manypeople'splansinvolvegrandmeasures

E.Theanswerislikelythatweshouldbeconfident

F.NewYearisagreattimetobewithfamilyandfriends

G.InDecemberit'softenjustifiedbyplanningNewYear'sresolutions

【語(yǔ)篇解讀】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了人們執(zhí)行新年計(jì)劃時(shí)遇到的問(wèn)題，并就如何

更好地執(zhí)行新年計(jì)劃給出了建議。

【答案】16.B17.G18.C19.D20.A

【16題詳解】

根據(jù)上文“Youforceyourselfoutofbedanddragyourfeettowardthebathroom,whereyou

glimpseapale-facedstrangerinthemirror.（你強(qiáng)迫自己下了床，慢慢地走向浴室，在那里你在

鏡子里看到了一個(gè)臉色蒼白、睡眼惺怯的陌生人）”可知，此刻的自己狀態(tài)極差；再根據(jù)下

文“Afteramoment,however,youthink,cWait,ifsokaybecausetodayisNewYear'sDay;there's

timetogetbackinshape!'（然而，過(guò)了一會(huì)兒，你覺(jué)得，'等等，沒(méi)關(guān)系，因?yàn)榻裉焓窃?/p>

是時(shí)候恢復(fù)身材了！'）”中的“however”可知，空處和下文之間存在轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，既然下文

為“fsokay”,那么空處則與此相反，與選項(xiàng)B“你立刻驚恐地退了回去”中的“inhorror”

相對(duì)應(yīng)。故選B。

【17題詳解】

根據(jù)上文“Formanypeople,thestartofanewyearsignalstheendofaperiodofoverindulgence

（放縱）indiet.（對(duì)許多人來(lái)說(shuō)，新年的開(kāi)始標(biāo)志著一段時(shí)間過(guò)度放縱飲食的結(jié)束）”和下文

"Theyoftenrevolvearoundturningoneselfintoafitandhealthyhumanbeing.（它們經(jīng)常以把自

己變成一個(gè)健康的人為中心）”可知，上文提到新年的開(kāi)始標(biāo)志著結(jié)束過(guò)度放縱飲食，所以

把自己變得更健康應(yīng)是未來(lái)的計(jì)劃，G項(xiàng)“在12月，人們通常通過(guò)制定新年計(jì)劃來(lái)證明這

一點(diǎn)”符合語(yǔ)境，故選G。

【18題詳解】

根據(jù)上文uHowever,thefactisthatapproximately80%ofthemareabandonedbeforeFebruary.

Howdoesthathappen?（然而，事實(shí)是，大約80%的計(jì)劃在2月份之前就被遺棄了。這是怎么

發(fā)生的？）”可知，此處提出一個(gè)問(wèn)題，結(jié)合下文Whilewemayhavegoodintentionswhen

makingresolutions,wearenotactuallymakingenoughdeterminationtoliveinamorecontrolled

way.（當(dāng)我們下定決心的時(shí)候，我們可能有很好的意圖，但我們實(shí)際上并沒(méi)有足夠的決心來(lái)

控制自己的生活）”可知，人們沒(méi)有足夠的決心來(lái)執(zhí)行計(jì)劃，故C項(xiàng)”這可能與自律有關(guān)”

回答上文問(wèn)題，與下文語(yǔ)義一致，故選C。

【19題詳解】

下文“Butinrealitychangeislikelyeasierinsmallersteps,whichallowsforgreatersuccess.（但

在現(xiàn)實(shí)中，小步驟的改變可能更容易，從而取得更大的成功）”提到，在現(xiàn)實(shí)中，小步驟的

改變可能更容易，空處與下文是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，故空處是說(shuō)人們制定很多宏偉的計(jì)劃，D項(xiàng)“許

多人的計(jì)劃都包含宏偉的措施”符合語(yǔ)境，故選D。

[20題詳解】

根據(jù)上文“Mostimportantly,rememberthatdespitetheirname,NewYear'sresolutionsshouldbe

forlife.（最重要的是，請(qǐng)記住，盡管名字叫新年決心，但它應(yīng)該是終身的）”可知，新年決心

應(yīng)該是終身的，即需要持續(xù)的努力，A項(xiàng)“改變需要時(shí)間和努力”符合語(yǔ)境，且與下文"but

withsuitablestrategies,thereisnoreasonwhyyoucannotsticktoyourresolutionspermanentlyor

atleastuntilMarch.（但如果有合適的策略，你沒(méi)有理由不能永遠(yuǎn)堅(jiān)持你的決心，或者至少堅(jiān)

持到3月份）”銜接得當(dāng)，故選A。

第三部分語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）

第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）

閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。

Forthepastyears,83-year-oldAlMerritthasbeenacheerypresenceinhisneighborhood.

Since2010,Merritthasbeentryingtoachievethemissionto21thecircumference（周

長(zhǎng)）oftheEarth-24,901miles-withouteverleavinghisownneighborhood.22、Merritt

gottoknowmanyofhisneighbors.UpuntilOctober24,（2021）,heneverrealizedthathis

dailybicycletripswereas23tothemastheyweretohim.At3p.m.,nearly200people

appearedtocongratulateMerrittontheendingofhis"round-the-world"24,andalarge

trophy（杯）wasplacedinhisarms.

Alstartedcyclingaround11yearsago.Atfirst,hisrideswereaboutfivemileslong,then10

to12miles,and25thelengthofhisoutingsgrew.Astimewentby,hebegantothink

26thecircumferenceoftheEarth.Bytheendof2020,hehad2721,565miles

intotal.

Therewasno28ofthegoalplanneduntiltwopassers-by,NatalieLondonand

TaylorPiecity,camealong.TheywerevisitingLondon'smomwhenMerritt29byonhis

bikequickly.Thenattractedbyhis30anddiscoveringMerrittwasjustweeksaway

fromcompletinghisgoal,theyaskediftheycould31ashortdocumentary.

"Herepresentshowanindividual'ssmall32canchangeanentirecommunity,

"saidLondon.TocelebratethecompletionofMerritt'scyclinggoal,theysecretlyprintedup

postersandplacedthemondoorwaysforseveral33.Buteventheyweresurprisedat

thehugecrowdthat34.ActuallyMerritthasnoplanstochangetheroutinethathas

becomethe35ofhisdailylife.

21.

A.measureB.guessC.surveyD.cycle

22.

A.InawordB.AsaresultC.OnthecontraryD.Afterall

23.

A.time-consumingB.meaningfulC.usualD.demanding

24.

A.adventureB.expectationC.subjectD.phenomenon

25.

A.unexpectedlyB.immediatelyC.hopefullyD.gradually

26.

A.againB.twiceC.bigD.deep

27.

A.obtainedB.dominatedC.coveredD.revolved

28.

A.celebrationB.delayC.excuseD.admission

29.

A.droveB.flewC.stoodD.slid

30.

A.speedB.bikeC.routeD.story

31.

A.castB.pictureC.filmD.advertise

32.

A.deedsB.destiniesC.reactionsD.recreations

33.

A.citiesB.landscapesC.housesD.blocks

34.

A.gatheredB.calledC.withdrewD.returned

35.

A.qualityB.burdenC.highlightD.impression

【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了83歲的阿爾?梅里特在他的社區(qū)里一直是

一個(gè)可靠而愉快的存在。在不離開(kāi)自己的社區(qū)的情況下，他完成了“環(huán)球”騎行一一24901

英里。這一壯舉鼓舞了社區(qū)所有的人。

【答案】21.D22.B23.B24.A25.D26.C27.C28.A29.B

30.D31.C32.A33.D34.A35.C

[21題詳解】

考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：自2010年以來(lái)，梅里特一直試圖在不離開(kāi)自己社區(qū)的情況下完

成繞地球24901英里的任務(wù)。A.measure測(cè)量；B.guess猜測(cè);C.survey調(diào)查；D.cycle騎

自行車(chē)。根據(jù)下文"Alstartedcyclingaround11yearsago.”可知，梅里特完成繞地球24901

英里的任務(wù)。故選D。

【22題詳解】

考查介詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：因此，梅里特結(jié)識(shí)了他的許多鄰居。A.Inaword總之；B.Asa

result結(jié)果；C.Onthecontrary相反；D.Afterall畢竟。根據(jù)上文“withouteverleavinghis

ownneighborhood”可知，所以梅里特結(jié)識(shí)了他的許多鄰居。故選B。

[23題詳解】

考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：直到2021年10月24日，他才意識(shí)到，每天的自行車(chē)旅行對(duì)

他們來(lái)說(shuō)和對(duì)他來(lái)說(shuō)一樣有意義。A.time-consuming耗時(shí)的；B.meaningful有意義的；C.

usual常見(jiàn)的；D.demanding要求高的。根據(jù)下文"Herepresentshowanindividual'ssmall

canchangeanentirecommunity,"saidLondon.”可知，每天的自行車(chē)旅行對(duì)他們來(lái)

說(shuō)意義重大。故選B。

【24題詳解】

考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：下午3點(diǎn)，近200人到場(chǎng)祝賀梅里特“環(huán)球冒險(xiǎn)之旅”的結(jié)

束，一座巨大的獎(jiǎng)杯被放在他的懷里。A.adventure冒險(xiǎn),