2023-2024學(xué)年浙江省金蘭教育合作組織高二下學(xué)期4月期中英語(yǔ)試題（解析版）

高級(jí)中學(xué)名校試卷PAGEPAGE2浙江省金蘭教育合作組織2023-2024學(xué)年高二下學(xué)期4月期中英語(yǔ)試題第一部分：聽(tīng)力(略)第二部分：閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿(mǎn)分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿(mǎn)分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。ASPECIALENGLISHTheEnglishlanguageprogramsoftheVoiceofAmerica(VOA)canbedividedintotwotypesaccordingtothespeedofbroadcasting:StandardEnglishandSpecialEnglish.SpecialEnglishisasimpleandstandardizedEnglishradioprogramarrangedbyVOAforlistenerswhoarebeginningtolearnEnglishinnon-Englishspeakingcountriesaroundtheworld.ItofficiallybeganbroadcastinginOctober1959.ThefamousAmericanlexicologistS.B.FlexmeridentifiedthreecriteriaforSpecialEnglish,thatis,whatmakesit“special”:●Itwritesandbroadcastsinshortandclearsentences;●Itbroadcastsatarateof90wordsperminute,or2/3ofStandardEnglish;●ItisaformofAmericanEnglishcomposedmainlyofthe1500basicwords.SpecialEnglishprogramscanbedividedintotwocategories:newsprogramsandfeatureprograms.NewsprogramVOASpecialEnglishnewsbroadcastsprovidelistenerswithworldwideinformationonpolitics,economics,militaryaffairs,diplomacy,internationalrelations,religion,weather,andallkindsofimportanteventsandwonders.TheyarebroadcasttoSoutheastAsiafivetimesaday,twiceinthemorningandthreetimesintheevening.FeatureProgramFromtheperspectiveoftime,SpecialEnglishfeatureprogramscanbedividedintotwocategories:oneiseveryfiveminutes,andtheotheriseveryfifteenminutes.Thelatterconsistsofsevendifferentsub-features,whicharerepeatedfourtimesadayonaweeklycycle,butthetwofeaturesonSundayandSaturdayarebroadcastonlythreetimesanight,eachlastingabout10minutes,followedbyeachfive-minutefeature.1.WhichisoneofthecriteriaforSpecialEnglish?A.It’sabasicEnglishradioprogram. B.Itreliesonamere1500basicwords.C.Itplaysataspeedof90wordsperminute. D.It’saimedatthosestartingtolearnEnglish.2.Whatcanwelearnaboutthetwoprograms?A.Bothofthemarebroadcastrepeatedly.B.Theyarebroadcastalmostatthesametime.C.Listenerscanlistentonewsprogramintheafternoon.D.Eachfive-minuteprogramconsistsofsevensub-features.3.WhoaremostlikelytolistentoSpecialEnglish?A.Radioprogramenthusiasts. B.Westernculturelovers.C.Languagelearners. D.Englishbeginners.〖答案〗1.C2.A3.D【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。介紹了VOA為非英語(yǔ)國(guó)家初學(xué)者設(shè)計(jì)的簡(jiǎn)化英語(yǔ)廣播節(jié)目SpecialEnglish的相關(guān)信息?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二個(gè)黑圈內(nèi)容“Itbroadcastsatarateof90wordsperminute,or2/3ofStandardEnglish;(它以每分鐘90個(gè)詞的速度播放，是標(biāo)準(zhǔn)英語(yǔ)的2/3)”可知，C選項(xiàng)Itplaysataspeedof90wordsperminute.(它的播放速度是每分鐘90個(gè)詞)是SpecialEnglish的一個(gè)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。故選C項(xiàng)?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)FeatureProgram中的“Thelatterconsistsofsevendifferentsub-features,whicharerepeatedfourtimesadayonaweeklycycle,butthetwofeaturesonSundayandSaturdayarebroadcastonlythreetimesanight,eachlastingabout10minutes,followedbyeachfive-minutefeature.(后者由七個(gè)不同的子特輯組成，每周循環(huán)播放四次，但在周六和周日的兩個(gè)特輯只在晚上播放三次，每個(gè)大約10分鐘，隨后是每個(gè)五分鐘的特輯。)”可以確定A選項(xiàng)Bothofthemarebroadcastrepeatedly.(它們都被重復(fù)播放)是關(guān)于這兩個(gè)節(jié)目的正確信息。故選A項(xiàng)?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中的“SpecialEnglishisasimpleandstandardizedEnglishradioprogramarrangedbyVOAforlistenerswhoarebeginningtolearnEnglishinnon-Englishspeakingcountriesaroundtheworld.(SpecialEnglish是由VOA為全球非英語(yǔ)國(guó)家中剛開(kāi)始學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)的聽(tīng)眾安排的一種簡(jiǎn)單和標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化的英語(yǔ)廣播節(jié)目。)”可以確定D選項(xiàng)Englishbeginners.(英語(yǔ)初學(xué)者)是最有可能聽(tīng)SpecialEnglish的人群。故選D項(xiàng)。BColorado’sgrayspeakrises14,278feetabovesealevel,highenoughthattreescan’tgrowtowardthetop,thoughthereareplentyofshrubsandrocks.ItwasinthisunforgivinglandformthatBevWedelstedtwasunluckyenoughtogetseriouslyinjuredinherleftknee.ItwasAugust2018,andWedelstedt,56,wasonherwaybackdownthetrailwiththreefriends.Astormwasbrewing,andtheywereanxioustogetoffthemountain.Whentheyapproachedarockydropofacoupleoffeet,Wedelstedtdecidedtoleap.Shelandedonherleftleg.Thensheheardthesnap.Everystepafterthatwasagony(劇痛).Beforelong,shehadtostop.Asonefriendrandowntogethelp,anumberofotherhikers,allstrangers,attemptedtohelpWedelstedtdownthenarrowtrailbywalkingoneithersideofhertosupportherweight,butthatprovedslowanddangerous.“OnemanwassoclosetotheedgethatIcouldseerocksfallingdownfromwherehesteppedonthem.”Wedelstedtsays.Finally,onehiker,Matt,askedher,“Howdoyoufeelaboutafireman’scarry?”Beforesheknewit,hehadliftedheroverhisshoulder.“Now,I’mnottiny,”saysWedelstedt,aformercollegebasketballstar.Mattclearlycouldn’tcarryherallthewaydownbyhimself.Sosixhikersandoneofherfriendstookturnscarryingherwhileshetriedtomakelightofadifficultsituation:“ItoldthemIwantedtomeetalotofguys,butthisisn’tthewayIwantedtodoit.”Threehoursandtworock-strewnmileslater,thishumanconveyorbeltfinallymetthemedics,whotookWedelstedttothehospital.Shestayedinhospitalforaperiodtime.Nowshehasmostlyrecoveredfromherill-fatedhike,butWedelstedtknowsshe’llnevershakeonethingfromthatday:thememoryofthebandofstrangerswhocametoherrescue.“I’mstillinawe.”4.WhatmadeitdifficultforWedelstedttogodownhill?A.Thechangingweather. B.Therockypath.C.Thethickbushes. D.Herbrokenleg.5.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“brewing”inthesecondparagraphmean?A.Advancing. B.Transforming. C.Freezing. D.Weakening.6.WhywasitchallengingtorescueWedelstedt?A.Onlyonehikerhadfirefightingexperience. B.Wedelstedtrefusedhelpfromtherescuers.C.Themedicswereunwillingtoprovidehelp. D.Thenarrowtrailsloweddowntherescuers.7.Whatcanwelearnfromthelastparagraph?A.Wedelstedthasgotacompleterecovery. B.AllWedelstedt’rescuerswerestrangers.C.Wedelstedt’srescueleftadeepimpressiononher. D.Wedelstedthasbenefitedalotfromherexperience.〖答案〗4.D5.A6.D7.C【語(yǔ)篇解讀】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了BevWedelstedt在登山途中腿斷了，無(wú)法行走，直到其他徒步旅行者將她扛下了山。【4題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Shelandedonherleftleg.Thensheheardthesnap.Everystepafterthatwasagony(劇痛).Beforelong,shehadtostop.(她的左腿著地。然后她聽(tīng)到啪的一聲。之后的每一步都是痛苦的。不久，她不得不停下來(lái))”可知，腿斷了讓W(xué)edelstedt很難走下坡路。故選D?！?題詳析】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)劃線詞上文“storm”以及后文“andtheywereanxioustogetoffthemountain”可知，他們急著下山是因?yàn)楸╋L(fēng)雨臨近了。故劃線詞意思是“臨近”。故選A。【6題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Asonefriendrandowntogethelp,anumberofotherhikers,allstrangers,attemptedtohelpWedelstedtdownthenarrowtrailbywalkingoneithersideofhertosupportherweight,butthatprovedslowanddangerous.(當(dāng)一個(gè)朋友跑下來(lái)尋求幫助時(shí)，其他一些徒步旅行者，都是陌生人，試圖幫助Wedelstedt走下狹窄的小路，走在她的兩側(cè)，以支撐她的體重，但事實(shí)證明，這既緩慢又危險(xiǎn))”可知，營(yíng)救Wedelstedt是一項(xiàng)挑戰(zhàn)因?yàn)楠M窄的小路拖慢了救援人員的速度。故選D。【7題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“Nowshehasmostlyrecoveredfromherill-fatedhike,butWedelstedtknowsshe’llnevershakeonethingfromthatday:thememoryofthebandofstrangerswhocametoherrescue.“I’mstillinawe.”(現(xiàn)在，她已經(jīng)從那次不幸的徒步旅行中恢復(fù)過(guò)來(lái)了，但Wedelstedt知道，她永遠(yuǎn)無(wú)法擺脫那天的一件事：對(duì)那群來(lái)救她的陌生人的記憶?！拔胰匀恍拇婢次?。”)”可知，Wedelstedt的獲救給她留下了深刻的印象。故選C。CManypeoplehavelongbelievedthatbrightlightsdraw,orattractflyinginsects.Butthatisnotexactlywhatisgoingon,anewstudysuggests.Researchersbelievethatartificiallightsatnightmaycauseproblemswithflyinginsects’naturalnavigationsystems.Asaresult,thecreaturesflyinconfusionaroundporchlamps,streetlightsandotherartificiallights.“Insectshaveanavigationalproblem,”saidTysonHedrickoftheUniversityofNorthCarolina,ChapelHill.Headded,“They’reaccustomedtousinglightasacue(〖提示〗)toknowwhichwayisup.”Insectsdonotflydirectlytowardalightsource,butactually“tilttheirbackstowardthelight,”saidSamFabianofImperialCollegeLondon.Fabianwasaco-writerofthestudythatappearedrecentlyinNatureCommunications.Thistiltingactionwouldmakesenseifthestrongestlightsourcewasinthesky.Butinthepresenceofartificiallights,theresultismidairconfusion.Forthestudy,researchersattachedverysmallsensorstomothsanddragonfliesinalaboratory.Theythenfilmed“motion-capture”videoofflight—similartohowfilmmakersattachsensorstoactorstofollowtheirmovements.Researchersalsousedhigh-resolutioncamerastofilminsectsflyingaroundlightsatafieldinCostaRica.Suchfilmspermittedresearcherstostudyindetailhowdragonfliescircleendlesslyaroundlightsources,positioningthemselveswiththeirbacksfacingthelight.Researchersalsodocumentedthatsomeinsectsflyupsidedown—andoftencrashland—inthepresenceoflightsthatshinestraightupwardlikesearchlights.Insectflightwasleastdisruptedbybrightlightsthatshinestraightdownward,theresearchersfound.“Formillionsofyears,insectsorientedthemselvesbysensingthattheskyislight,thegroundisdark—untilpeopleinventedartificiallights”,saidAvalonOwensofHarvardUniversity.8.Whatcanwelearnfromthestudy?A.Insectshaveanavigationalproblem.B.Artificiallightswillmakeinsectsconfused.C.Notallinsectsdoflydirectlytowardalightsource.D.Smallsensorsareusedtofilmaninsectdocumentary.9.WhichofthefollowingmayAvalonOwensagreewith?A.Insectsareunlikelytoflyupsidedown.B.Insectscanpositionthemselvesfacingthelight.C.Insectsfailedtoorientthemselvesbecauseofartificiallights.D.Insectflightwasinterruptedbydownward-shiningbrightlights.10.Whatattitudedoestheauthortaketowardsthestudy?A.Ambiguous. B.Objective. C.Optimistic. D.Indifferent.11.Wherecanwemostprobablyreadthispassage?A.Inanadvertisement. B.Inasciencetextbook.C.Inanaturemagazine. D.Inanewsreport.〖答案〗8.B9.C10.B11.C【語(yǔ)篇解讀】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要說(shuō)明了昆蟲(chóng)方向感被人造燈影響，介紹了相關(guān)研究。【8題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Asaresult,thecreaturesflyinconfusionaroundporchlamps,streetlightsandotherartificiallights.(結(jié)果，這些生物在門(mén)廊燈、路燈和其他人造燈周?chē)鷣y飛)”可知，人造光會(huì)使昆蟲(chóng)迷惑。故選B?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段““Formillionsofyears,insectsorientedthemselvesbysensingthattheskyislight,thegroundisdark—untilpeopleinventedartificiallights”,saidAvalonOwensofHarvardUniversity.(哈佛大學(xué)的阿瓦隆·歐文斯說(shuō)：“數(shù)百萬(wàn)年來(lái)，昆蟲(chóng)通過(guò)感知天空是亮的，地面是暗的來(lái)定位自己，直到人們發(fā)明了人造燈。”)”可知，阿瓦隆·歐文斯可能認(rèn)同由于人造光，昆蟲(chóng)無(wú)法確定自己的方位。故選C?！?0題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“Researchersbelievethatartificiallightsatnightmaycauseproblemswithflyinginsects’naturalnavigationsystems.(研究人員認(rèn)為，夜間的人造燈光可能會(huì)對(duì)飛蟲(chóng)的自然導(dǎo)航系統(tǒng)造成問(wèn)題)”；第三段“Insectsdonotflydirectlytowardalightsource,butactually“tilttheirbackstowardthelight,”saidSamFabianofImperialCollegeLondon.(倫敦帝國(guó)理工學(xué)院的山姆·法比安說(shuō)，昆蟲(chóng)不會(huì)直接飛向光源，而是“背對(duì)著光源”)”以及最后一段““Formillionsofyears,insectsorientedthemselvesbysensingthattheskyislight,thegroundisdark—untilpeopleinventedartificiallights”,saidAvalonOwensofHarvardUniversity.(哈佛大學(xué)的阿瓦隆·歐文斯說(shuō)：“數(shù)百萬(wàn)年來(lái)，昆蟲(chóng)通過(guò)感知天空是亮的，地面是暗的來(lái)定位自己，直到人們發(fā)明了人造燈。”)”可知，文章主要涉及的研究結(jié)果，沒(méi)有提及作者對(duì)此的看法，故作者的態(tài)度是客觀的，故選B。【11題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Manypeoplehavelongbelievedthatbrightlightsdraw,orattractflyinginsects.Butthatisnotexactlywhatisgoingon,anewstudysuggests.(許多人一直認(rèn)為明亮的燈光會(huì)吸引飛蟲(chóng)。但一項(xiàng)新的研究表明，事實(shí)并非如此)”結(jié)合文章主要說(shuō)明了昆蟲(chóng)方向感被人造燈影響，推文章應(yīng)該來(lái)自自然雜志，故選C。DAmanmayusuallybeknownbythebookshereadsaswellasbythecompanyhekeeps;forthereisacompanionshipofbooksaswellasofmen;andoneshouldalwaysliveinthebestcompany,whetheritisofbooksorofmen.Agoodbookmaybeamongthebestoffriends.Itisthemostpatientandcheerfulcompanions.Itdoesnotturnitsbackuponusintimesofadversityordistress.Italwaysreceivesuswiththesamekindness,amusingandinstructingusinyouth,andcomfortingandconsolingusinage.Thereisanoldproverb,“Loveme,lovemydog.”Butthereismorewisdominthis:“Loveme,lovemybook.”Thebookisatruerandhigherbondofunion.Mencanthink,feel,andsympathizewitheachotherthroughtheirfavoriteauthor.Theyliveinhimtogether,andheinthem.Thebestbooksaretreasuriesofgoodwords,thegoldenthoughts,which,rememberedandcherished,becomeourconstantcompanionsandcomforters.Bookspossessanessenceofimmortality.Theyarebyfarthemostlastingproductsofhumaneffort.Templesandstatuesdecay,butbookssurvive.Timeisofnoaccountwithgreatthoughts,whichareasfreshtodayaswhentheyfirstpassedthroughtheirauthor’sminds,agesago.Whatwasthensaidandthoughtstillspeakstousasvividlyaseverfromtheprintedpage.Theonlyeffectoftimehasbeentosiftoutthebadproducts,fornothinginliteraturecanlongsurvivebutwhatisreallygood.Booksintroduceusintothebestsociety;theybringusintothepresenceofthegreatestmindsthathaveeverlived.Wehearwhattheysaidanddid;weseethemasiftheywerereallyalive;wesympathizewiththem,enjoywiththemandgrievewiththem.Thegreatandgooddonotdie,eveninthisworld.Embalmedinbooks,people’sspiritswalkabroad.Thebookisalivingvoice.Itisanintellecttowhichonestilllistens.12.Accordingtotheauthor,whatisthedifferencebetweenourbooksandourfriends?A.Booksremainpatientandcheerfulforalongertime.B.Booksprovidecomfortinoldage,unlikeourfriends.C.Friendscansometimesdisappointus,similartoourbooks.D.Booksreflectaperson’scharactermorethantheirfriendsdo.13.WhyaretemplesandstatuesmentionedinPara4?A.Toprovethevalueoftime. B.Tohighlightthelongevityofbooks.C.Toshowpeople’spreferenceforliterature. D.Toemphasizetheimportanceofancientarchitecture.14.Whatdoestheauthoradvisereaderstodo?A.Becomeawisemanbyreading.B.Readasmanyclassicbooksaswecan.C.Cherishthecompanyofourbooksjustlikeourfriends.D.Sympathizewithyourfriendsthroughyourfavoriteauthor.15.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthepassage?A.CompanionshipofBooks B.LongLiveBooksC.OurBestfriends D.LoveMe,LoveMyBook〖答案〗12.A13.B14.C15.A【語(yǔ)篇解讀】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要論述了一本好書(shū)可能是最好的朋友之一，說(shuō)明了好書(shū)帶來(lái)的好處，建議讀者珍惜書(shū)籍，就像珍惜朋友一樣。【12題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Itisthemostpatientandcheerfulcompanions.(它是最有耐心、最令人愉快的伴侶)”可知，書(shū)和我們的朋友不同在于書(shū)在更長(zhǎng)的時(shí)間里保持耐心和快樂(lè)。故選A?！?3題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段“Bookspossessanessenceofimmortality.Theyarebyfarthemostlastingproductsofhumaneffort.Templesandstatuesdecay,butbookssurvive.(書(shū)籍具有不朽的本質(zhì)。它們是迄今為止人類(lèi)努力的最持久的產(chǎn)物。廟宇和雕像會(huì)腐朽，但書(shū)籍卻能永存)”可知，第4段提到了寺廟和雕像是為了強(qiáng)調(diào)書(shū)籍的壽命。故選B?！?4題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“Booksintroduceusintothebestsociety;theybringusintothepresenceofthegreatestmindsthathaveeverlived.Wehearwhattheysaidanddid;weseethemasiftheywerereallyalive;wesympathizewiththem,enjoywiththemandgrievewiththem.Thegreatandgooddonotdie,eveninthisworld.Embalmedinbooks,people’sspiritswalkabroad.Thebookisalivingvoice.Itisanintellecttowhichonestilllistens.(書(shū)籍把我們引入最好的社會(huì)；他們把我們帶到了有史以來(lái)最偉大的思想家面前。我們聽(tīng)見(jiàn)他們的言行；我們看到他們就好像他們真的活著一樣；我們與他們共情，與他們同樂(lè)，與他們同悲。即使在這個(gè)世界上，偉大和善良的人也不會(huì)死去。人的精神，鐫刻在書(shū)中，走在國(guó)外。書(shū)是一種鮮活的聲音。這是一種人們至今仍在傾聽(tīng)的智慧)”可知，作者建議讀者珍惜書(shū)籍，就像珍惜朋友一樣。故選C。【15題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“Amanmayusuallybeknownbythebookshereadsaswellasbythecompanyhekeeps;forthereisacompanionshipofbooksaswellasofmen;andoneshouldalwaysliveinthebestcompany,whetheritisofbooksorofmen.(通常可從一個(gè)人所讀的書(shū)和所交的朋友就可知道他的為人；因?yàn)橛腥艘匀藶榘椋灿腥艘詴?shū)為伴；無(wú)論是書(shū)友還是朋友，我們都應(yīng)該以最好的為伴)”結(jié)合文章主要論述了一本好書(shū)可能是最好的朋友之一，說(shuō)明了好書(shū)帶來(lái)的好處，建議讀者珍惜書(shū)籍，就像珍惜朋友一樣?？芍珹選項(xiàng)“書(shū)的陪伴”最符合文章標(biāo)題。故選A。第二節(jié)(共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿(mǎn)分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。GuiltyPleasures?Youmighthaveheardoftheexpression“aguiltypleasure”—maybeit’sthechocolatebaryoubuyonthewayhomefromwork,orthenewclothesthatyoudon’treallyneed.Itcomesfromtheideathatwhenwetreatourselves,itcansometimesleaveusfeelingguilty.Perhapswedon’tfeelwedeservedit,orwedon’tthinkitwasaresponsiblewaytospendourmoney.Butshouldwefeellikethis?___16___Perhapsnot.Psychologistshavesuggestedthatbuyingthingsforyourselfcanmakeyoufeelbetterasitprovidesanopportunitytotakecontrolofyoursituation.___17___Itmaybethataswellasliftingyourmood,whenyoubuyatreat,youmightjustbelookingafteryourself.Ofcourse,therearealsoexamplesofpeopleturningtodestructivebehaviourwhenfacedwithstressfulcircumstances.Peoplemightspendmoneythattheydon’thaveatallorturntosomedangerousaddictions.___18___Self-indulgencecanberecklessandhavenegativeconsequences,whileself-nurturingistakingresponsibledecisionstosatisfyourneedsandtakecareofourselvesinwaysthatdon’thaveasignificantimpact.___19___Manyuniversitiespublishguideswithadviceforcopingwithexamstress.It’sessentialtoreflectthedifferencebetweenself-indulgenceandself-nurture.___20___Theyalsosuggestdoingthingsthatyouenjoymuchandaregoodatsothatyoucanfeelaccomplishmentandtoavoidthingsthatmaymakeyoufeelworseafterwards.Soperhaps,aslongaswemakeresponsibledecisions,weshouldn’tfeelguiltyaboutourguiltypleasures.A.Doweneedtohaveaguiltyorclearconscience?B.Dowereallyhavetofeelguiltyabouttreatingourselves?C.Onestressthatpeoplemayneedtodealwithisexamstress.D.Psychologistsrecommendrewardingyourselfforyourefforts.E.Soweshouldkeepabalancebetweenself-indulgenceandself-nurturing.F.Itcangiveyousocialcontactandaconfidenceboostbychangingyourimage.G.PsychologistLeonSeltzerconsidersthedifferencebetweenself-indulgenceandself-nurturing.〖答案〗16.B17.F18.G19.C20.D【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇議論文。本文探討了“罪惡快感”的概念，指出適度的自我獎(jiǎng)賞可以提升情緒、增強(qiáng)自信，但應(yīng)避免過(guò)度放縱導(dǎo)致的負(fù)面后果。同時(shí)，強(qiáng)調(diào)了在壓力下，通過(guò)負(fù)責(zé)任的自我滋養(yǎng)而非自我放縱，可以更好地照顧自己?！?6題詳析】根據(jù)第一段最后一句“Butshouldwefeellikethis?(但我們真的需要感到這樣嗎？)”這句話提出問(wèn)題，詢(xún)問(wèn)我們是否應(yīng)該對(duì)自我獎(jiǎng)賞感到內(nèi)疚。選項(xiàng)B“Dowereallyhavetofeelguiltyabouttreatingourselves?(我們真的需要因?yàn)楠?jiǎng)賞自己而感到內(nèi)疚嗎？)”承接上文，繼續(xù)提出問(wèn)題：我們真的需要因?yàn)楠?jiǎng)賞自己而感到內(nèi)疚嗎？下文第二段段首“Perhapsnot.(也許不是)”對(duì)問(wèn)題進(jìn)行了回答；由此可知，B選項(xiàng)符合語(yǔ)境。故選B項(xiàng)?！?7題詳析】上文“Psychologistshavesuggestedthatbuyingthingsforyourselfcanmakeyoufeelbetterasitprovidesanopportunitytotakecontrolofyoursituation.(心理學(xué)家建議，為自己購(gòu)買(mǎi)東西可以讓你感覺(jué)更好，因?yàn)樗峁┝艘粋€(gè)掌控自己處境的機(jī)會(huì)。)”說(shuō)明購(gòu)物可以提升情緒，并且提供掌控感。選項(xiàng)F“Itcangiveyousocialcontactandaconfidenceboostbychangingyourimage.(它可以通過(guò)改變你的形象給你社交接觸和自信的提升。)”進(jìn)一步闡述了購(gòu)物對(duì)個(gè)人形象和自信的積極影響，符合語(yǔ)境。故選F項(xiàng)。【18題詳析】上文“Peoplemightspendmoneythattheydon’thaveatallorturntosomedangerousaddictions.(當(dāng)人們可能會(huì)花他們根本沒(méi)有的錢(qián)，或者轉(zhuǎn)向一些危險(xiǎn)的上癮。)”提到了人們?cè)趬毫ο驴赡茏晕曳趴v的不健康行為；選項(xiàng)G“PsychologistLeonSeltzerconsidersthedifferencebetweenself-indulgenceandself-nurturing.(心理學(xué)家LeonSeltzer考慮了自我放縱和自我滋養(yǎng)之間的區(qū)別。)”承接上文，指出心理學(xué)家LeonSeltzer考慮了自我放縱和自我滋養(yǎng)之間的區(qū)別；下文“Self-indulgencecanberecklessandhavenegativeconsequences,whileself-nurturingistakingresponsibledecisionstosatisfyourneedsandtakecareofourselvesinwaysthatdon’thaveasignificantimpact.(自我放縱可能是魯莽的，會(huì)帶來(lái)負(fù)面后果，而自我培養(yǎng)是做出負(fù)責(zé)任的決定，以滿(mǎn)足我們的需求，并以不會(huì)產(chǎn)生重大影響的方式照顧好自己。)”承接G選項(xiàng)，詳細(xì)闡述了自我放縱和自我滋養(yǎng)之間的區(qū)別。故選G項(xiàng)?！?9題詳析】下文“Manyuniversitiespublishguideswithadviceforcopingwithexamstress.(許多大學(xué)發(fā)布指南，提供應(yīng)對(duì)考試壓力的建議。)”提到了大學(xué)提供的關(guān)于應(yīng)對(duì)考試壓力的建議；由此可知，設(shè)空處與考試壓力有關(guān)；選項(xiàng)C“Onestressthatpeoplemayneedtodealwithisexamstress.(人們可能需要應(yīng)對(duì)的一種壓力是考試壓力。)”符合語(yǔ)境，“examstress”為原詞復(fù)現(xiàn)。故選C項(xiàng)?！?0題詳析】下文“Theyalsosuggestdoingthingsthatyouenjoymuchandaregoodatsothatyoucanfeelaccomplishmentandtoavoidthingsthatmaymakeyoufeelworseafterwards.(他們還建議做你非常喜歡并且擅長(zhǎng)的事情，這樣你可以感到成就，并且避免之后可能讓你感覺(jué)更糟的事情。)”指出，他們也建議做喜歡或擅長(zhǎng)的事情來(lái)獲得成就感，結(jié)合句中“also”可知，設(shè)空處是一個(gè)關(guān)于自我滋養(yǎng)的建議；選項(xiàng)D“Psychologistsrecommendrewardingyourselfforyourefforts.(心理學(xué)家建議獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)自己的努力。)”符合語(yǔ)境，下文中的代詞“They”指代選項(xiàng)中的“Psychologists”。故選D項(xiàng)。第三部分：語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿(mǎn)分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題；每小題1分，滿(mǎn)分15分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。OnasteamyJulydayinBayonetPoint,Florida,GeneWorkandhisbrother-in-law,MarkRouco,wereresodding(重新鋪草皮)Gene’syard.Thelawnhadgrown___21___intheheat,andtheWorkshadbeenthreatenedtoacceptahugefineifthesituationwasn’tremedied.Thenewsodwassittinginthedriveway,butthejobwasslow-going.Gene,then40,wasn’tfeelingright.Hewentinsidetotakeabreakand___22___onthecouch,clutchinghischest.Hiswife,MelissaWork,called911quickly.Eventhoughhewas___23___downdeath,Genehadonethingonhismind:that___24___.Ifthesodwasn’t___25___thatday,itwoulddie.“Whilehewashavinghisheartattack,literallyinandoutofconsciousness,hekept___26___metohaveitputdownbecausehedidn’twantittogotowaste,”MelissawroteinaFacebookpost.SoonPascoCountyFireRescuearrivedandtookGeneandMelissatothehospital,leavingRoucobehindto___27___theyard.Withinanhour,hehadmanagedtoremovetheoldgrass.Hewasabouttolaythenewsod,whichhe___28___wouldtakehimwellintothenight,___29___twoemergencyvehiclesappeared.Sevenmen—thesameoneswhohadtreatedhisbrother—___30___.Genehadtoldthemhow___31___he’dwantedtogetthesoddown,sotheyhadreturnedtohelp.Thejobwasdoneinundertwohours.Meanwhile,Genehadsurgerytoinsertstents(支架)inhisheart,___32___apotentiallydeadlyblockage.He’shomenow,fullyrecovered—andenjoyinghisbeautifullawn.TheWorksarestill___33___thatthoseEMTswentaboveandbeyondtheirjob___34___.“Thesemen,”Melissatold,“savedGene’slife,andthencamebacktosavehisgrass.That’sjustso___35___.”21.A.black B.brown C.white D.green22.A.lay B.collapsed C.sat D.threw23.A.glaring B.coming C.staring D.cutting24.A.yard B.heat C.job D.lawn25.A.putdown B.pulledover C.letout D.dealtwith26.A.interrupting B.begging C.recommending D.recalling27.A.construct B.manage C.tackle D.supervise28.A.anticipated B.estimated C.assumed D.feared29.A.when B.before C.after D.then30.A.gotout B.turnedup C.settleddown D.wentaway31.A.gratefully B.significantly C.badly D.logically32.A.gathering B.removingC.decreasing D.relieving33.A.amazed B.motivated C.frustrated D.fascinated34.A.comparison B.description C.duration D.intention35.A.brilliant B.awful C.awesome D.influential〖答案〗21.B22.B23.C24.D25.A26.B27.C28.D29.A30.A31.C32.D33.A34.B35.C【語(yǔ)篇解讀】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了GeneWork在清理草坪的時(shí)候突發(fā)疾病被送往醫(yī)院，但是他放心不下草坪，結(jié)果救了他的醫(yī)生們回到他家?guī)椭謇砹瞬萜??！?1題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：草坪在高溫下已經(jīng)變成棕色，沃克一家曾受到威脅，如果不糾正這種情況，他們將接受巨額罰款。A.black黑色的；B.brown棕色的；C.white白色的；D.green綠色的。根據(jù)后文“hehadmanagedtoremovetheoldgrass.”以及“intheheat”可知，草因?yàn)楦邷匾呀?jīng)枯黃，變成棕色了。故選B?！?2題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：他進(jìn)去休息，然后癱倒在沙發(fā)上，捂著胸口。A.lay位于；B.collapsed倒塌，癱倒；C.sat坐；D.threw扔。根據(jù)后文“onthecouch,clutchinghischest”可知，他突發(fā)疾病，癱倒在沙發(fā)上，故選B。【23題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：盡管吉恩面臨死亡，但他心里只有一件事：那塊草坪。A.glaring怒視；B.coming來(lái)；C.staring凝視；D.cutting切割。根據(jù)后文“downdeath”以及上文提到癱倒在沙發(fā)上上，說(shuō)明面臨死亡，此處staredowndeath表示“面臨死亡”。故選C。【24題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：盡管吉恩面臨死亡，但他心里只有一件事：那塊草坪。A.yard院子；B.heat熱量；C.job工作；D.lawn草坪。根據(jù)后文“haveitputdownbecausehedidn’twantittogotowaste”可知，他內(nèi)心放不下那塊草坪。故選D?！?5題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：如果那天不把草皮放下，它就會(huì)死掉。A.putdown放下；B.pulledover靠邊停車(chē)；C.letout泄露；D.dealtwith處理。根據(jù)后文“haveitputdownbecausehedidn’twantittogotowaste”此處指把草皮放下。故選A?！?6題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：梅麗莎在臉書(shū)上寫(xiě)道：“當(dāng)他心臟病發(fā)作的時(shí)候，他一直求我把它放下，因?yàn)樗幌肜速M(fèi)它。”A.interrupting打斷；B.begging懇求；C.recommending推薦；D.recalling回想起。根據(jù)后文“metohaveitputdownbecausehedidn’twantittogotowaste”指吉恩懇求妻子把草皮放下來(lái)，故選B。【27題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：很快，帕斯科縣消防救援隊(duì)趕到了，把吉恩和梅麗莎送到了醫(yī)院，留下魯科去清理院子。A.construct建造；B.manage設(shè)法完成；C.tackle處理，解決；D.supervise監(jiān)督。根據(jù)后文“Withinanhour,hehadmanagedtoremovetheoldgrass.(不到一個(gè)小時(shí)，他就把舊的草皮移走了)”指魯科去清理院子。故選C。【28題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：他正要鋪新草皮，他擔(dān)心這會(huì)把他拖到深夜，這時(shí)兩輛急救車(chē)出現(xiàn)了。A.anticipated預(yù)期；B.estimated估計(jì)；C.assumed認(rèn)為；D.feared擔(dān)心。根據(jù)后文“wouldtakehimwellintothenight”指擔(dān)心鋪設(shè)草皮會(huì)拖到深夜。故選D。【29題詳析】考查連詞詞義辨析。句意：他正要鋪新草皮，他擔(dān)心這會(huì)把他拖到深夜，這時(shí)兩輛急救車(chē)出現(xiàn)了。A.when當(dāng)……時(shí)候；B.before在……之前；C.after在……之后；D.then然后。此處為句型beabouttodosth.when…表示“正要做某事，這時(shí)……”。故選A。【30題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：七個(gè)人，就是治療過(guò)他哥哥的人，走了出來(lái)。A.gotout挺身而出，出去；B.turnedup出現(xiàn)；C.settleddown解決；D.wentaway消失。根據(jù)后文“sotheyhadreturnedtohelp”此處指治療過(guò)吉恩的人挺身而出，為他清理草坪。故選A。【31題詳析】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：吉恩告訴他們，他非常想把草皮清理掉，所以他們回來(lái)幫忙。A.gratefully感謝地；B.significantly值得注意地，相當(dāng)?shù)?；C.badly嚴(yán)重地，非常；D.logically邏輯上。根據(jù)后文“he’dwantedtogetthesoddown”以及上文“metohaveitputdownbecausehedidn’twantittogotowaste”指吉恩非常想把草皮清理掉。故選C?！?2題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：與此同時(shí)，吉恩做了手術(shù)，在他的心臟植入支架，以緩解潛在的致命阻塞。A.gathering聚集；B.removing去除；C.decreasing減少；D.relieving緩解。根據(jù)上文“Meanwhile,Genehadsurgerytoinsertstentsinhisheart”可知，吉恩的手術(shù)裝了支架以緩解潛在的致命阻塞。故選D。【33題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：這些急救醫(yī)生所做的工作超出了他們的職責(zé)范圍，這讓沃克夫婦仍然感到驚訝。A.amazed驚訝的；B.motivated積極的；C.frustrated沮喪的；D.fascinated著迷的。根據(jù)上文“thoseEMTswentaboveandbeyondtheirjob”可知，這些急救醫(yī)生所做的工作超出了他們的職責(zé)范圍，這讓沃克夫婦仍然感到驚訝。故選A。【34題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這些急救醫(yī)生所做的工作超出了他們的職責(zé)范圍，這讓沃克夫婦仍然感到驚訝。A.comparison比較；B.description形容，描述；C.duration持續(xù)；D.intention意圖。根據(jù)上文“thoseEMTswentaboveandbeyondtheirjob”以及救護(hù)人員為病人清理草坪，所以是超出了職責(zé)范圍，jobdescription表示“工作描述”符合語(yǔ)境。故選B?！?5題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：“這些人，”梅麗莎告訴，“救了吉恩的命，然后又回來(lái)救他的草。這真是太棒了?！盇.brilliant杰出的，巧妙的；B.awful糟糕的；C.awesome非常棒的；D.influential有影響力的。根據(jù)上文“savedGene’slife,andthencamebacktosavehisgrass”可知，吉恩的妻子認(rèn)為他們救了吉恩的命，還救了他的草坪，是很棒的事情。故選C。第二節(jié)(共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿(mǎn)分15分)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。BEIJING—Chinesecitiesarepursuinghigh-qualitydevelopmentin___36___(vary)ofways,butnewtechnologiesareaconsistentchoiceandhavealreadyhelpedsomeexploresmarter,greenerandmoreinnovativepaths.Huangshi,anindustrialcityincentralChina’sHubeiprovince,___37___(harvest)thebenefitsofintelligenttechnologiesinthepastdecade.Miningmayconjureup(使人聯(lián)系到)imagesofadirty,labor-intensiveanddangeroussector.Butthatisnotthe___38___(real)inHuangshi,whereminingreliesonunmannedmachines,remote___39___(monitor)technologiesandintelligentcoordinationsystems.___40___(dress)inablueworksuitandwhiteshirt,DayeIronMineworkerYuanJianjunsitsinfrontofseveralcomputersinaspaciouscommandcenter.Hiseyesarefixedonthescreens,___41___showliveimagesofundergroundminingmachinesandreal-timedatafromsensorsplacedinsidethemine.Inthepast,Yuanworkedundergroundinavery___42___(dust)environment.“Itusedtobeachallengingjobbothphysicallyandmentally,”hesaid.Now,machinesarecontrolled___43___(remote)fromanofficeenvironmenttocollectminerals.Techsupporthasreducedlaborintensityandimprovedworkplacesafety,enablingmoreminingsectoremployeeslikeYuan___44___(work)inasaferandhealthierenvironment____45____previousgenerations.“Ithasbecomea