2023-2024學(xué)年江蘇省決勝新高考高三下學(xué)期4月大聯(lián)考英語(yǔ)試題(解析版)

高級(jí)中學(xué)名校試卷PAGEPAGE3江蘇省2023-2024學(xué)年決勝新高考高三下學(xué)期4月大聯(lián)考英語(yǔ)試題第一部分聽力略第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng),并在答題紙上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。AMagazinesmakegreatreadingmaterialsforkids.Librariesoftenhavealargeselectionofperiodicals(期刊)foreveryagegroupandreadinglevel,andformanyareasofinterest.Andsomemagazinesmayevenhaveissuesgoingbackyearsandevendecades!Belowisalistofsomeofthem!MilitaryKidsLifeItisaboutfindingthebrightsideoflifeasamilitarykid!Insideeachquarterlyissue,yourchildwillencounterinspiringstories,articles,andphotographs!(8to16years)FacesWitharticles,folktales,andhands-onprojects,Facesmagazinetakesyoungreadersaroundtheworldforanhonestandobjectiveviewofhowchildreninotherregionslive.(9to14years)MakeMakemagazinepublishestestedprojects,skill-buildingtutorials,in-depthreviewsandinspirationalstories,accessiblebyallagesandskillranges.(9to18years)BrioBriomagazineforteengirlshasafreshnewlookthatincludesmorepagesfilledwithinspiringprofiles,culturalinsights,health&beautytips,faith-filledfeaturesandaddedfun!(13to18years)Pleasenote:Thoughallthemagazinesonthislistarewrittenforchildren,someissuesmaycontaincontentthatyoumayfeelinappropriateforyourchild.Asalways,pleasereviewallreadingmaterialsbeforegivingthemtoyourchildtoread.1.Whichmagazinecanhelpdevelopkids’internationalawareness?A.Faces. B.Make.C.Brio. D.MilitaryKidsLife.2.Whatcanbelearnedfromthetext?A.Allthemagazinesareproperforchildren.B.Magazinesareusuallypublishedforchildren.C.Somemagazineshavebackissuesinlibraries.D.Onlymagazinesforkidsareaccessibleinlibraries.3.Whatisthepurposeofthispassage?A.Toargue. B.Toinform.C.Toentertain. D.Topersuade.【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文，主要介紹的是適合孩子的幾本雜志的相關(guān)情況?！即鸢浮?.A2.C3.B【1題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Faces部分的“Witharticles,folktales,andhands-onprojects,Facesmagazinetakesyoungreadersaroundtheworldforanhonestandobjectiveviewofhowchildreninotherregionslive.(9to14years)(通過(guò)文章、民間故事和實(shí)踐項(xiàng)目，F(xiàn)aces雜志讓世界各地的年輕讀者誠(chéng)實(shí)客觀地了解其他地區(qū)兒童的生活方式。（9至14歲）)”可知，F(xiàn)aces能幫助培養(yǎng)孩子們的國(guó)際意識(shí)。故選A。【2題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Andsomemagazinesmayevenhaveissuesgoingbackyearsandevendecades!(有些雜志甚至有幾年甚至幾十年前的過(guò)刊！)”可知，有些雜志有過(guò)刊，故選C?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。通讀全文，尤其是第一段“Librariesoftenhavealargeselectionofperiodicals(期刊)foreveryagegroupandreadinglevel,andformanyareasofinterest.Andsomemagazinesmayevenhaveissuesgoingbackyearsandevendecades!Belowisalistofsomeofthem!(圖書館通常有大量的期刊可供選擇，適合每個(gè)年齡段和閱讀水平，以及許多興趣領(lǐng)域。有些雜志甚至有幾年甚至幾十年前的過(guò)刊！下面是其中的一些列表！)”可知，本文主要介紹的是適合孩子的幾本雜志的相關(guān)情況，因此本文的目的是告知這些雜志的情況，故選B。BTherecanbenodoubtthatStephenKing,NewYorkTime’sBest-Sellingauthor,hasfoundsuccessinmanyaspects,butitwasn’talwayslikethis.Kingwitnessedtragedyandhorrorsfromtheverybeginning.Whenhewas2yearsold,hisfathertoldhismomthathewasgoingouttogetcigarettesbutinfact,henevercameback,hehadabandonedhisfamily.ThislefthismotherRuthtocareforStephenandhiselderbrotherDavidonherown.Ruthwasforcedtomoveoften,desperatelylookingforworkasshewasnowtheonlyproviderofthefamily,andshehadtorelyonrelativesmostofthetime.OnedayStephenwentouttoplaywithfriendsandwhenhecameback,hewasn’tevenabletospeakasingleword,itseemedhewashurtmentallyorsomething,buthestillgotthecouragetocontinueforward.Itturnedoutthatoneofhisfriendswashitbyatrainanddied,whichleftanemotionalscaronhim.King,lateron,droppedoutofschoolduetosomeserioushealthconcernsandwastoldthathehadtoenlist(入伍)againthenextfall,whichdemotivatedhimtoo.AlthoughStephenKingdidn’tseehischildhoodassomethingextraordinaryorspecial,hedidsaythathewasalwaysfascinatedbyscarythings.PeopleusedtoacknowledgetheKingfamilybytheirloveofliterature,infactwheneverStephen’smomhadtogoout,shedidn’thireababysitter,forthekidsusedtoreadnovelstoeachothersotheywouldnotgetbored.StephenKing’sloveofstorieswasdevelopedfromaveryyoungageandhecarriedthattraditionwithhisownchildrenalongwithhiswifeTabitha.In1973,StephenKingstartedhisamazingjourneyofsuccesswhenhepublishedhisfirstnovelCarrie,whichisscary.TherestfollowedfromafterthatashepublishedmanyamazingbookslikeTheShining,IT,Firestarter,andCujo.Allofthesebooksbecameinstantclassicsandgottheirownmovieandtelevisionshowsadaptions.4.WhatismainlytalkedaboutaboutStephenKinginthefirsttwoparagraphs?A.Hisachievementsinwriting. B.Hisunfortunatechildhood.C.Hisdifficultyinsupportingthefamily. D.Hismother’sbitterexperiences.5.WhatleftStephenKingnotevenspeakingasingleword?A.Hewasknockeddownbyapassingtrain. B.Hewasbadlycriticizedbyaclosefriend.C.Hewasdepressedbytheconstantmoves. D.Hewasheart-struckbyaterribleaccident.6.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“demotivated”inparagraph3mean?A.Discouraged. B.Relaxed. C.Embarrassed. D.Inspired.7.Whydidn’tStephen’smomhireababysitter?A.Thefamilywastoopoortohireababysitter. B.Thefamilycouldnotfindaproperbabysitter.C.Thechildrencouldactuallyentertainthemselves. D.Thechildrendidn’tliketobecaredforbyothers.【語(yǔ)篇解讀】這是一篇記敘文。文章講述了知名作家斯蒂芬·金從悲慘的童年到成為暢銷書作家的人生經(jīng)歷，探討了家庭困境、個(gè)人挑戰(zhàn)及其對(duì)恐怖故事的熱愛(ài)?！即鸢浮?.B5.D6.A7.C【4題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“TherecanbenodoubtthatStephenKing,NewYorkTime’sBest-Sellingauthor,hasfoundsuccessinmanyaspects,butitwasn’talwayslikethis.Kingwitnessedtragedyandhorrorsfromtheverybeginning.Whenhewas2yearsold,hisfathertoldhismomthathewasgoingouttogetcigarettesbutinfact,henevercameback,hehadabandonedhisfamily.(毫無(wú)疑問(wèn)，《紐約時(shí)報(bào)》暢銷書作家斯蒂芬·金在很多方面都取得了成功，但并不總是這樣。金從一開始就目睹了悲劇和恐怖。當(dāng)他兩歲的時(shí)候，他的父親告訴他媽媽他要出去買煙，但事實(shí)上，他再也沒(méi)有回來(lái)，他拋棄了他的家庭)”以及第二段“ThislefthismotherRuthtocareforStephenandhiselderbrotherDavidonherown.Ruthwasforcedtomoveoften,desperatelylookingforworkasshewasnowtheonlyproviderofthefamily,andshehadtorelyonrelativesmostofthetime.OnedayStephenwentouttoplaywithfriendsandwhenhecameback,hewasn’tevenabletospeakasingleword,itseemedhewashurtmentallyorsomething,buthestillgotthecouragetocontinueforward.Itturnedoutthatoneofhisfriendswashitbyatrainanddied,whichleftanemotionalscaronhim.(這讓他的母親Ruth獨(dú)自照顧斯蒂芬和他的哥哥大衛(wèi)。Ruth被迫經(jīng)常搬家，拼命地找工作，因?yàn)樗F(xiàn)在是家里唯一的經(jīng)濟(jì)來(lái)源，她大部分時(shí)間都得依靠親戚。有一天，斯蒂芬和朋友們出去玩，當(dāng)他回來(lái)的時(shí)候，他甚至不能說(shuō)一個(gè)字，似乎他精神上受傷了還是怎么的，但他仍然有勇氣繼續(xù)前進(jìn)。原來(lái)，他的一個(gè)朋友被火車撞死了，這給他留下了情感上的傷疤)”可知，前面兩段主要描述了StephenKing的悲慘的童年時(shí)期，包括他父親的離開，他母親獨(dú)自撫養(yǎng)他和他哥哥的困難，以及他目睹朋友遭遇致命事故的心理創(chuàng)傷。這些都直接反映了他不幸的童年經(jīng)歷。故選B。【5題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“OnedayStephenwentouttoplaywithfriendsandwhenhecameback,hewasn’tevenabletospeakasingleword,itseemedhewashurtmentallyorsomething,buthestillgotthecouragetocontinueforward.Itturnedoutthatoneofhisfriendswashitbyatrainanddied,whichleftanemotionalscaronhim.(有一天，斯蒂芬和朋友們出去玩，當(dāng)他回來(lái)的時(shí)候，他甚至不能說(shuō)一個(gè)字，似乎他精神上受傷了還是怎么的，但他仍然有勇氣繼續(xù)前進(jìn)。原來(lái)，他的一個(gè)朋友被火車撞死了，這給他留下了情感上的傷疤)”可知，Stephen因?yàn)橐晃慌笥驯换疖囎矒糁滤赖氖鹿噬钍艽驌?，?dǎo)致他一時(shí)無(wú)法言語(yǔ)。故選D。【6題詳析】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)劃線詞上文“King,lateron,droppedoutofschoolduetosomeserioushealthconcernsandwastoldthathehadtoenlist(入伍)againthenextfall,(后來(lái)，金因?yàn)橐恍﹪?yán)重的健康問(wèn)題而輟學(xué)，并被告知他必須在第二年秋天再次入伍)”可知，金后來(lái)因?yàn)橐恍﹪?yán)重的健康問(wèn)題而輟學(xué)，這是一件令人泄氣的事，所以demotivated意為Discouraged“使泄氣”之意。故選A?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“PeopleusedtoacknowledgetheKingfamilybytheirloveofliterature,infactwheneverStephen’smomusedtogoout,shedidn’thireababysitter,forthekidsusedtoreadnovelstoeachothersotheywouldnotgetbored.(人們過(guò)去常常以他們對(duì)文學(xué)的熱愛(ài)來(lái)認(rèn)可金一家，事實(shí)上，每當(dāng)斯蒂芬的媽媽出去時(shí)，她都不會(huì)雇保姆，因?yàn)楹⒆觽冞^(guò)去常?；ハ嘧x小說(shuō)，這樣他們就不會(huì)感到無(wú)聊)”可知，孩子們通過(guò)閱讀相互陪伴，所以不需要額外雇用保姆。故選C。CItwaslongtheorizedthatpeoplemakedecisionsbasedonintegratedglobalcalculationsthatoccurwithinthefrontalcortex(額葉皮層)ofthebrain,whichisconsideredtheseatofhigher-orderthinking.However,Yaleresearchershavefoundthatthreedistinctbraincircuitsfromthefrontalcortexconnectingtodifferentbrainregionsareinvolvedinmakinggooddecisions,badones,anddeterminingwhichofthosepastchoicestostoreinmemory.Thestudyofdecision-makinginratsmayhelpscientistsfindtherootsofflaweddecision-makingcommontomentalhealthdisorderssuchasaddiction,theauthorssay.Theyused-anewtooltomanipulate(操縱)braincircuitsinratswhiletheyweremakingchoicesbetweenactionsthatledtothemreceivingrewardsornorewards.Iftheratsmadetherightdecision,onethatendedinareward,oneofthebraincircuitswasactivated,butanotherwasactivatediftheratsmadethewrongchoiceandreceivednoreward.Thethirdcircuitstoredpastexperiencesanddecisionstohelptheratswithfuturechoices.StephanieGroman,leadauthoroftheresearchsays,“Acomparisonwouldbedecidingonarestaurantfordinner.Forinstance,withoutthe‘goodchoice’circuityoumaynotreturntotherestaurantwithgoodfoodandwithoutthe‘badchoice’circuityoumightnotavoidtherestaurantwithbadfood.Thethird‘memory’circuitiscrucialinmakingdecisionssuchaswhethertoreturntotherestaurantafterreceivingonebadmealafterseveralgoodones.”Changesinthesecircuitsmayhelpexplainatypicalfeatureofaddiction—whypeoplecontinuetomakeharmfulchoicesevenafterrepeatednegativeexperiences.TheYaleresearcherspreviouslyshowedthatsomeofthesamebraincalculationsweredisrupted(擾亂)inanimalsthathadtakenmethamphetamine.“Becauseweusedatestthatissimilartothoseusedinstudiesofhumandecisionmaking,ourfindingshavedirectrelevancetohumansandcouldaidinthesearchfornoveltreatmentsforsubstanceabuseinhumans,”Gromansaid.8.HowwasYale’sresearchdifferentfromtheprevioustheory?A.Itdefinedthefunctionofdifferentbrainregions.B.Itidentifiedspecificcircuitsinvolvedindecision-making.C.Itfocusedontheconnectionbetweenchoicesandmemories.D.Ithighlightedtheroleofthefrontalcortexinhigher-orderthinking.9.WhatcanbeinferredfromStephanieGroman’swords?A.Memoriesarerelatedtoallthethreecircuits.B.Peoplebasetheirdecisionsonpersonalpreferences.C.Thethreecircuitsareallofvitalimportanceinmakingdecisions.D.Thecircuitrelatedtorewardsisthefoundationofdecidingwisely.10.Whatdoesthelastparagraphmainlyfocuson?A.Thelimitationsofthepresentstudy. B.Adescriptionoftheresearchmethod.C.Apossiblereasonforthestudyfindings. D.Thepotentialapplicationoftheconclusion.11.Whatmightbethebesttitleforthetext?A.HowpeoplegetaddictedandcuredB.HowmakingdecisionsinfluencesourbrainC.HowourbraindevelopswhenfacingchoicesD.Howthebrainhelpsusmakegooddecisionsandbadones【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。主要介紹了大腦中的三個(gè)回路如何幫助我們做出好或壞的決定?！即鸢浮?.B9.C10.D11.D【8題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“However,Yaleresearchershavefoundthatthreedistinctbraincircuitsfromthefrontalcortexconnectingtodifferentbrainregionsareinvolvedinmakinggooddecisions,badones,anddeterminingwhichofthosepastchoicestostoreinmemory.(然而，耶魯大學(xué)的研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)，從額葉皮層連接到不同大腦區(qū)域的三個(gè)不同的大腦回路參與了做出好的決定和壞的決定，以及決定將哪些過(guò)去的選擇存儲(chǔ)在記憶中。)”可知，耶魯大學(xué)的研究與之前不同在于它確定了參與決策的特定回路。故選擇B項(xiàng)。【9題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中“Acomparisonwouldbedecidingonarestaurantfordinner.Forinstance,withoutthe‘goodchoice’circuityoumaynotreturntotherestaurantwithgoodfoodandwithoutthe‘badchoice’circuityoumightnotavoidtherestaurantwithbadfood.Thethird‘memory’circuitiscrucialinmakingdecisionssuchaswhethertoreturntotherestaurantafterreceivingonebadmealafterseveralgoodones.(一個(gè)比較是決定在一家餐廳用餐。例如，如果沒(méi)有“好的選擇”循環(huán)，可能不會(huì)的回到食物好吃餐廳；如果沒(méi)有“壞的選擇”回路，你可能無(wú)法避開帶食物不好的餐廳。第三個(gè)“記憶”回路在做出決定時(shí)至關(guān)重要，比如在吃了幾頓好飯之后，是否要回到餐廳。)”可知這三個(gè)回路對(duì)于我們作出決定都有著至關(guān)重要的影響，故選擇C項(xiàng)。【10題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Becauseweusedatestthatissimilartothoseusedinstudiesofhumandecisionmaking,ourfindingshavedirectrelevancetohumansandcouldaidinthesearchfornoveltreatmentsforsubstanceabuseinhumans(因?yàn)槲覀兪褂玫臏y(cè)試與人類決策研究中使用的測(cè)試相似，我們的發(fā)現(xiàn)與人類有直接相關(guān)性，有助于尋找治療人類藥物濫用的新方法)”可知本段主要講述的是研究結(jié)論的潛在應(yīng)用。故選擇D項(xiàng)?！?1題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段中“Yaleresearchershavefoundthatthreedistinctbraincircuitsfromthefrontalcortexconnectingtodifferentbrainregionsareinvolvedinmakinggooddecisions,badones,anddeterminingwhichofthosepastchoicestostoreinmemory.(耶魯大學(xué)的研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)，從額葉皮層連接到不同大腦區(qū)域的三個(gè)不同的大腦回路參與了做出好的決定和壞的決定，以及決定將過(guò)去的哪些選擇存儲(chǔ)在記憶中)”可知本文主要講述的是大腦如何幫助我們作出好或壞的決定，故選擇D項(xiàng)。DNowadays,theworldisslowlybecomingahigh-techsocietyandwearenowsurroundedbytechnology.FacebookandTwitterareinnovativetools;textmessagingisstillasomewhatexistingphenomenonandevene-mailisonlyaflashingspotonthescreenwhencomparedwithourlonghistoryofsnailmail.Nowweadoptthesetoolstothepointofessentialness,andonlyrarelyconsiderhowwearemorefundamentallyaffectedbythem.Socialmedia,textingande-mailallmakeitmucheasiertocommunicate,gatherandpassinformation.Buttheyalsopresentsomedangers.Byremovinganyrealhumanengagement,theyenableustodevelopourabnormalself-lovewithouttheriskofdisapprovalorcriticismtheatricalmetaphor(隱喻),thesenewformsofcommunicationprovideastageonwhichwecreateourowncharacters,hiddenbehindafourthwalloftweets,statusupdatesandtexts.Thisunrealstateofunconcerncanbecomeaddictiveasweseparateourselvesasafedistancefromthecrueltyofourfleshlylives,whereweareimperfect,powerlessandinsignificant.Inessence,wehavebeenprovidednotonlythemeanstobemorefree,butalsotobecomenew,tocreateandprotectamoreperfectselftotheworld.Aswebecomemorereliantonthesetools,theybecomemoreapartofourdailyroutineandsowebecomemorerestrictedinthisfantasy.Soitisthatweliveinacoldera,wherenamesandfacesrepresenttwodifferentlevelsofcloseness,whereworkingrelationshipsoccuronlythroughthemagicofemailandwherelovecanstartorendbytextmessage.Anenvironmentsuchasthisreducesinterpersonalrelationshipstomeredigitalexchanges.Wouldacelebrityhavebeensodaringtodosomethingdishonorableifhehadhadtodoitinperson?Doubtful.Itseemshemighthavebeenlostinafantasyworldthatultimatelyconvincedhimselfintobelievingthedigitalselfcouldobeydifferentrulesandregulations,asifhecouldcontinuallypushthelimitsofwhat’sacceptablewithoutfacingtheconsequencesof“reallife.”12.Theauthorcomparese-mailwithsnailmailtoshow________.A.theinfluenceofhigh-techonourlife B.thehistoryofdifferenttypesofmailsC.thevalueoftraditionalcommunications D.therapiddevelopmentofsocialmedia13.Whatcanweknowaboutnewcommunicationtools?A.Destroyingourlifetotally. B.Posingmoredangersthangood.C.Helpingustohideourfaults. D.Replacingtraditionalletters.14.Whatisthepotentialthreatcausedbythenovelcommunicationtools?A.Shelteringusfromvirtuallife. B.Removingface-to-faceinteraction.C.Leadingtofalsementalperception. D.Makingusrelymoreonhi-techmedia.15.Whatcanbeinferredfromthelasttwoparagraphs?A.Technologieshavechangedourrelationships.B.Thedigitalworldisarecipeforpushinglimits.C.Lovecanbebetterconveyedbytextmessage.D.Thedigitalself-neednottakeresponsibility.【語(yǔ)篇解讀】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章討論了新型通訊工具如何影響人們的行為和認(rèn)知，電子郵件等高科技通訊方式便利了溝通，但也可能讓人隱藏缺點(diǎn)、產(chǎn)生錯(cuò)誤心理認(rèn)知，甚至挑戰(zhàn)現(xiàn)實(shí)世界的規(guī)則與極限。〖答案〗12.A13.C14.C15.A【12題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段“FacebookandTwitterareinnovativetools;textmessagingisstillasomewhatexistingphenomenonandevene-mailisonlyaflashingspotonthescreenwhencomparedwithourlonghistoryofsnailmail.(Facebook和Twitter是創(chuàng)新工具；短信仍然是一種存在的現(xiàn)象，與我們悠久的蝸牛郵件歷史相比，即使是電子郵件也只是屏幕上的一個(gè)亮點(diǎn))”和第二段“Socialmedia,textingande-mailallmakeitmucheasiertocommunicate,gatherandpassinformation.(社交媒體、短信和電子郵件都讓交流、收集和傳遞信息變得更加容易)”可知，隨著科技的進(jìn)步，人們傳遞信息和溝通更加方便，這種比較突出了高科技如何改變我們的生活方式和溝通方式。故選A項(xiàng)?！?3題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“Byremovinganyrealhumanengagement,theyenableustodevelopourabnormalself-lovewithouttheriskofdisapprovalorcriticismtheatricalmetaphor(隱喻),thesenewformsofcommunicationprovideastageonwhichwecreateourowncharacters,hiddenbehindafourthwalloftweets,statusupdatesandtexts.(通過(guò)消除任何真正的人類參與，它們使我們能夠發(fā)展出異常的自愛(ài)，而不會(huì)有遭到反對(duì)或批評(píng)的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。這些新的交流形式提供了一個(gè)舞臺(tái)，我們可以在這個(gè)舞臺(tái)上創(chuàng)造自己的角色，隱藏在推特、狀態(tài)更新和文本這些看不到的墻后面)”可知，新的通訊工具讓我們更容易隱藏真實(shí)的自己并且維持一個(gè)更完美的自己，由此可推出它們?cè)谝欢ǔ潭壬蠋椭覀冸[藏了自己的不足。故選C項(xiàng)?！?4題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由文章最后一段“Itseemshemighthavebeenlostinafantasyworldthatultimatelyconvincedhimselfintobelievingthedigitalselfcouldobeydifferentrulesandregulations,asifhecouldcontinuallypushthelimitsofwhat’sacceptablewithoutfacingtheconsequencesof‘reallife.’(他似乎迷失在一個(gè)幻想世界中，最終說(shuō)服自己相信數(shù)字自我可以遵守不同的規(guī)則和條例，就好像他可以在不面臨‘現(xiàn)實(shí)生活’后果的情況下不斷突破可接受的極限)”可知，新型通訊工具會(huì)讓人們可能陷入一種虛擬世界而逐漸忘記自己的現(xiàn)實(shí)生活，這種錯(cuò)誤的認(rèn)知可能會(huì)導(dǎo)致人們對(duì)自己的行為和決策產(chǎn)生誤導(dǎo)，做出一些不合理的事情。故選C項(xiàng)?！?5題詳析】推理判斷題。由文章第三段“Soitisthatweliveinacoldera,wherenamesandfacesrepresenttwodifferentlevelsofcloseness,whereworkingrelationshipsoccuronlythroughthemagicofemailandwherelovecanstartorendbytextmessage.Anenvironmentsuchasthisreducesinterpersonalrelationshipstomeredigitalexchanges.(因此，我們生活在一個(gè)寒冷的時(shí)代，名字和面孔代表著兩種不同程度的親密關(guān)系，工作關(guān)系只能通過(guò)電子郵件的魔力發(fā)生，愛(ài)情可以通過(guò)短信開始或結(jié)束。這樣的環(huán)境將人際關(guān)系簡(jiǎn)化為純粹的數(shù)字交流)”以及下段可知，這里主要講述了新的通訊工具使得人們的溝通跨越了時(shí)間和距離，這使得人際關(guān)系簡(jiǎn)化為純粹的數(shù)字交流，此外，人們還有可能因?yàn)槊允г谔摂M世界而產(chǎn)生錯(cuò)誤的認(rèn)知影響現(xiàn)實(shí)世界，故由此可推出，科技推動(dòng)通訊工具的進(jìn)步也逐漸改變了人們的溝通交流方式，從而科技改變了人們之間的關(guān)系。故選A項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng),并在答題紙上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)?！癋indyourpassion!”Whendiscussingfuturecareeroptionsorselectingamajorincollege,yourparentsoftensaythis.Theveryexpressionismeanttoinspire.Butisitgoodadvice?“Finding”apassionimpliesthatitalreadyexistsandissimplywaitingtobediscovered.Unfortunately,thisideaisnotwhatsciencetellsus.___16___Tostudythis,researchersuseaframeworkof“fixed”and“growth”mindsets.Theyarguethatencouragingpeopleto“find”theirpassionmaycausethemtoeventuallybelievethatinterestsandpassionsareinbornandrelativelyunchangeable.___17___Incontrast,peoplewhoviewinterestsandpassionsasdevelopedhaveagrowthmindsetofinterest.Researchershaverevealedthatafixedmindsetofinterestcandecreasecreativity.Ifpeoplebelievetheyarelimitedtoonlyafewinborninterestsand,inconsequence,donotexploreotherareas,theymaymissseeingimportantconnectionsacrossdomains.___18___Evidently,peoplecandoalottoembraceagrowthmindsetofinterest.First,realizethatyourinterestsandpassionsaren’tpre-existing.Takeanactiveroleindevelopingyourpassions.Second,practisepositiveself-talk.Whenyoulackinterestinanewtask,payattentiontoyourinnerdialogue.___19___Forexample,change“I’mnotinterestedinthis”to“I’mnotinterestedinthisyet,butIknowthatinterestcandevelopwithtimeandengagement.”___20___Butagrowthmindsetofinterestwillhelpyouremainopenandcurious.Thesciencetellsusweshouldworktowardlovingwhatwedo.Wemightbecomemorecreativeandresilientasaresult.A.Socanagrowthmindsetofinterestbetaught?B.Insteadpassions,likeinterests,aredeveloped.C.Peoplewhothinkthishaveafixedmindsetofinterest.D.Ofcourse,noteveryactivitywillbecomeaburningpassion.E.Assuch,seeinginterestsasfixedlimitstheircreativepotential.F.Don’texpectthatpursuingnewinterestswillalwaysbeeasyorexciting.G.Replaceself-criticalthoughtswithpositiveonesthatencouragegrowthandlearning.【語(yǔ)篇解讀】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章批判了“找到你的激情”這個(gè)觀點(diǎn)，認(rèn)為激情是培養(yǎng)出來(lái)的，要秉持興趣成長(zhǎng)型心態(tài)，這會(huì)幫助你保持開放和好奇，有助于培養(yǎng)激情?！即鸢浮?6.B17.C18.E19.G20.D【16題詳析】根據(jù)上文““Finding”apassionimpliesthatitalreadyexistsandissimplywaitingtobediscovered.Unfortunately,thisideaisnotwhatsciencetellsus.(“找到”激情意味著它已經(jīng)存在，只是在等待被發(fā)現(xiàn)。不幸的是，科學(xué)并沒(méi)有告訴我們這個(gè)想法)”可知，科學(xué)表明“激情”并非存在某個(gè)地方，等待被發(fā)現(xiàn)；由此可知，激情是需要培養(yǎng)的。B項(xiàng)“Insteadpassions,likeinterests,aredeveloped.(相反，激情和興趣一樣，是需要培養(yǎng)的)”符合題意。故選B?！?7題詳析】根據(jù)上文“Theyarguethatencouragingpeopleto“find”theirpassionmaycausethemtoeventuallybelievethatinterestsandpassionsareinbornandrelativelyunchangeable.(他們認(rèn)為，鼓勵(lì)人們“找到”自己的激情可能會(huì)使他們最終相信興趣和激情是天生的，相對(duì)來(lái)說(shuō)是不可改變的)”推知，相信激情和興趣是可以找到的人，大有可能認(rèn)為激情和興趣是不可改變的，即他們有一種固定的興趣心態(tài)。C項(xiàng)“Peoplewhothinkthishaveafixedmindsetofinterest.(這么想的人有一種固定的興趣心態(tài))”符合題意，this指代上文“believethatinterestsandpassionsareinbornandrelativelyunchangeable”。故選C?！?8題詳析】根據(jù)上文“Ifpeoplebelievetheyarelimitedtoonlyafewinborninterestsand,inconsequence,donotexploreotherareas,theymaymissseeingimportantconnectionsacrossdomains.(如果人們認(rèn)為他們只局限于一些天生的興趣，因此不去探索其他領(lǐng)域，他們可能會(huì)錯(cuò)過(guò)跨領(lǐng)域的重要聯(lián)系)”可知，如果人們認(rèn)為他們只局限于一些天生的興趣，他們可能會(huì)錯(cuò)過(guò)跨領(lǐng)域的重要聯(lián)系；空處位于段末，應(yīng)對(duì)上文進(jìn)行總結(jié)。E項(xiàng)“Assuch,seeinginterestsasfixedlimitstheircreativepotential.(因此，將興趣視為固定的限制了他們的創(chuàng)造潛力)”符合題意，creativepotential呼應(yīng)上文exploreotherarea。故選E?！?9題詳析】根據(jù)下文“Forexample,change“I’mnotinterestedinthis”to“I’mnotinterestedinthisyet,butIknowthatinterestcandevelopwithtimeandengagement.”(例如，將“我對(duì)這個(gè)不感興趣”改為“我對(duì)這個(gè)還不感興趣，但我知道興趣會(huì)隨著時(shí)間和投入而發(fā)展?！?”可知，當(dāng)我們對(duì)某個(gè)東西不感興趣時(shí)，要用積極的想法代替消極的想法。G項(xiàng)“Replaceself-criticalthoughtswithpositiveonesthatencouragegrowthandlearning.(用鼓勵(lì)成長(zhǎng)和學(xué)習(xí)的積極想法取代自我批評(píng)的想法)”符合題意，下文是對(duì)選項(xiàng)的舉例說(shuō)明。故選G?！?0題詳析】根據(jù)下文“Butagrowthmindsetofinterestwillhelpyouremainopenandcurious.Thesciencetellsusweshouldworktowardlovingwhatwedo.Wemightbecomemorecreativeandresilientasaresult.(但興趣的成長(zhǎng)型心態(tài)會(huì)幫助你保持開放和好奇?？茖W(xué)告訴我們，我們應(yīng)該努力去熱愛(ài)我們所做的事情。因此，我們可能會(huì)變得更有創(chuàng)造力和耐力)”中的But可知，空處內(nèi)容與下文為轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。D項(xiàng)“Ofcourse,noteveryactivitywillbecomeaburningpassion.(當(dāng)然，并不是每一項(xiàng)活動(dòng)都會(huì)成為一種燃燒的激情)”符合語(yǔ)境，雖然并非每項(xiàng)活動(dòng)都會(huì)成為激情，但保持興趣成長(zhǎng)型心態(tài)有助于讓人們保持開放和好奇。故選D。第三部分語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。并在答題紙上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。AftermymothersufferedfromAlzheimer’sdisease(阿爾茨海默病),theplantsinourhousebegantodie.Inyearspast,Irememberthedeep,earthysmellthatwould____21____inourhouseaftermymotherhadmadeherweeklywateringrounds.Backthen,Ineverconnecteditwiththecarethatwasatthe____22____ofeverythingshedid.Butnow,leaveswere____23____,somedryandedgedwithbrown,andmanyofthestems(莖)bare.Itwasamarkofhowmymothercannolongerattendtoallthethingsthatshelovinglycaredfor.Iwassofocusedontheincreasing____24____ofherowncarethatherbelovedplantshadescapedmy____25____.Ibeganheroldrounds,pouringwaterintothethirstysoil,andsoontheplants____26____.That’sthethingabouthouseplants:Theydemandnothing.Theywaitquietly,nomatterhow____27____theyare.Butevenaftermybest____28____,someoftheplantscouldn’tsurvive.Mymother’skindcaregivershavesincebroughtnewonestoaddtoher____29____,andmyfatherbuysfreshflowerseveryweek.ThoughAlzheimer’sdisease____30____somuchofhermemory,herdesiretocareisstillthere.Iwouldguideherdownthestepstowatertheplantsherself.Iwatchedashershakinghandspickedthebrownleaves.Eachtime,shesmiledupatmewith____31____satisfactionbecausebeingableto____32____somethingisstill,whatbringsherthegreatestjoy.Ilookatplants____33____thesedays.Iseethemasmymotherdoes:____34____remindersoftheneedforkindnesstowardalllivingthings.Itiscleartomethatthethingswespendalifetime____35____arenevertrulylostandtheloveshehasplantedinmestillblooms(開花).21.A.pileon B.riseup C.comeover D.wanderoff22.A.beginning B.top C.foundation D.thought23.A.dropping B.appearing C.turning D.waving24.A.processes B.possibilities C.goals D.demands25.A.desire B.memory C.protection D.notice26.A.recovered B.absorbed C.dried D.shone27.A.lonely B.helpless C.thirsty D.anxious28.A.contributions B.attempts C.choices D.explorations29.A.collection B.love C.sharing D.amusement30.A.recalls B.hides C.steals D.escapes31.A.deep B.passing C.slight D.longing32.A.livewith B.findout C.carefor D.focuson33.A.definitely B.curiously C.strangely D.differently34.A.final B.quiet C.permanent D.quick35.A.growing B.seeking C.expecting D.saving【語(yǔ)篇解讀】這是一篇記敘文?！拔摇钡哪赣H平時(shí)喜歡照料院子里的花花草草，在母親得了阿爾茨海默病之后，院子里的花草開始凋零，“我”也注意到自己忽略了它們，于是“我”開始認(rèn)真照料它們，身邊的親朋好友也會(huì)給母親帶來(lái)新的花草，這讓母親非常開心，“我”也意識(shí)到植物無(wú)聲地提醒我們需要善待所有的生物，我們花了一生的時(shí)間培育的東西永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)真正失去，母親在“我”身上種下的愛(ài)仍然盛開。〖答案〗21.B22.C23.A24.D25.D26.A27.C28.B29.A30.C31.A32.C33.D34.B35.A【21題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：在過(guò)去的歲月里，我記得母親每周澆完水后，我們家就會(huì)飄起濃濃的泥土味。A.pileon堆積；B.riseup上升；C.comeover順便拜訪；D.wanderoff走散。根據(jù)“aftermymotherhadmadeherweeklywateringrounds”可知，此處是指飄起濃濃的泥土味。故選B?！?2題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：那時(shí)候，我從來(lái)沒(méi)有把它和以她所做的一切為基礎(chǔ)的照料聯(lián)系在一起。A.beginning開始；B.top頂部；C.foundation基礎(chǔ)；D.thought思考。根據(jù)“ofeverythingshedid”和“thecarethat”可知，此處是指以她所做的一切為基礎(chǔ)的照料。故選C。【23題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：但現(xiàn)在，葉子在掉落，有些干了，邊緣呈褐色，許多莖都光禿禿的。A.dropping掉落；B.appearing出現(xiàn)；C.turning拐彎；D.waving擺動(dòng)。根據(jù)“somedryandedgedwithbrown”可知，此處是指葉子在掉落。故選A?！?4題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我太專注于要求她自身的照料，以至于她心愛(ài)的植物都沒(méi)有被我注意到。A.processes過(guò)程；B.possibilities可能性；C.goals目標(biāo)；D.demands要求。根據(jù)前文“AftermymothersufferedfromAlzheimer’sdisease(在我母親患阿爾茨海默病之后)”可知，此處是指“我”太專注對(duì)她本身的照料的要求。故選D。【25題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我太專注于要求她自身的照料，以至于她心愛(ài)的植物都沒(méi)有被我注意到。A.desire愿望；B.memory記憶；C.protection保護(hù)；D.notice注意。根據(jù)“Iwassofocusedon”可知，此處是指沒(méi)有注意到母親心愛(ài)的植物。故選D?！?6題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我開始了她的老慣例，把水倒進(jìn)干渴的土壤里，植物很快就恢復(fù)了生機(jī)。A.recovered恢復(fù)；B.absorbed吸收；C.dried使干燥；D.shone照耀。根據(jù)“pouringwaterintothethirstysoil,andsoontheplants”可知，此處是指植物很快恢復(fù)了生機(jī)。故選A?！?7題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：它們安靜地等待，不管有多渴。A.lonely孤獨(dú)的；B.helpless無(wú)助的；C.thirsty渴的；D.anxious焦慮的。根據(jù)“pouringwaterintothethirstysoil”可知，此處是指不管有多渴。故選C。【28題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：但即使我盡了最大的努力，有些植物還是無(wú)法存活。A.contributions貢獻(xiàn)；B.attempts努力；C.choices選擇；D.explorations探索。根據(jù)“evenaftermybest”可知，此處是指盡管做了最大的努力。故選B?！?9題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：后來(lái)，好心的照顧我母親的人給她帶來(lái)了一些新的花，增加了她的收藏，我父親每周都會(huì)買鮮花。A.collection收藏；B.love愛(ài)；C.sharing共享；D.amusement娛樂(lè)。根據(jù)“Mymother’skindcaregivershavesincebroughtnewonestoaddtoher”可知，此處是指增加了母親的收藏。故選A?！?0題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：雖然阿爾茨海默病偷走了她的很多記憶，但她照顧的愿望仍然存在。A.recalls回憶；B.hides隱藏；C.steals偷；D.escapes逃跑。根據(jù)“Alzheimer’sdisease”可知，此處是指阿爾茨海默病偷走了她的很多記憶。故選C。【31題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：每一次，她都帶著深深的滿足對(duì)我微笑，因?yàn)槟軌蛘疹櫼恍〇|西仍然是她最大的快樂(lè)。A.deep深深的；B.passing暫時(shí)的；C.slight輕微的；D.longing渴望的。根據(jù)“whatbringsherthegreatestjoy”可知，此處是指帶著深深的滿足。故選A。【32題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：每一次，她都帶著深深的滿足對(duì)我微笑，