2024年江蘇省南通市如皋市、崇川區(qū)中考二模英語(yǔ)試題

2024年初中畢業(yè)、升學(xué)模擬考試試卷英語(yǔ)考生在答題前請(qǐng)認(rèn)真閱讀本注意事項(xiàng)1.本試卷共12頁(yè)，滿分120分，考試時(shí)間為120分鐘。考試結(jié)束后，請(qǐng)將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。2.答題前，請(qǐng)務(wù)必將自己的姓名、考試證號(hào)用0.5毫米黑色字跡的簽字筆填寫在答題卡指定的位置。3.請(qǐng)認(rèn)真核對(duì)監(jiān)考員在答題卡上所粘貼的條形碼上的姓名、考試證號(hào)與你本人的是否相符。4.答案必須按要求填涂、書寫在答題卡上，在草稿紙、試卷上答題一律無(wú)效。第Ⅰ卷（選擇題共60分）一、單項(xiàng)選擇（本題共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）從A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。1.SinceNantongMetroLine2cameintooperation,thetimeonthetriphasbeenmuchlessthan________inthepast.A.that B.this C.one D.it【答案】A【解析】【詳解】句意：自從南通地鐵2號(hào)線投入運(yùn)營(yíng)以來(lái)，出行時(shí)間比過(guò)去少了很多。考查代詞辨析。that特指同名異物；this這個(gè)；one泛指同名異物；it特指同名同物。此處特指“thetime”，對(duì)比過(guò)去的時(shí)間與現(xiàn)在的時(shí)間，屬于同名異物，且為不可數(shù)名詞，應(yīng)用that，故選A。2.Asateacher,Ihopestudentswillgainmore________thatcanbetakenawayfrommyclass.A.choices B.inventions C.situations D.memories【答案】D【解析】【詳解】句意：作為一名教師，我希望學(xué)生們能從我的課堂上獲得更多可以帶走的記憶?？疾槊~辨析。choices選擇；inventions發(fā)明；situations情況；memories記憶。根據(jù)“Ihopestudentswillgainmore…thatcanbetakenawayfrommyclass.”可知，在這個(gè)句子中，“memories”最符合語(yǔ)境，因?yàn)樗枋隽藢W(xué)生從課堂上獲得并可以帶走的具體內(nèi)容——即他們關(guān)于課堂學(xué)習(xí)和體驗(yàn)的記憶。故選D。3.Tobetterkeeptheartoftheembroidery(刺繡),RugaoSilkCarpetMuseumshowssomeofthe________examplesofthistraditionalartform.A.finest B.easiest C.hardest D.funniest【答案】A【解析】【詳解】句意：為了更好地保留刺繡藝術(shù)，如皋絲綢地毯博物館展示了一些這種傳統(tǒng)藝術(shù)形式的最佳范例?？疾樾稳菰~辨析。finest最好的；easiest最容易的；hardest最難的；funniest最搞笑的。根據(jù)“Tobetterkeeptheartoftheembroidery”以及“examplesofthistraditionalartform.”可知，是指展示了中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)藝術(shù)形式的一些最好的例子，應(yīng)用finest。故選A。4.—Thewindofearlyspringisassharpasscissors.—Howbeautifulitsounds!Thewriter________thewindoftheearlyspringtoscissorsinthispoem.A.connects B.compares C.contacts D.completes【答案】B【解析】【詳解】句意：——二月春風(fēng)似剪刀?！@首詩(shī)聽起來(lái)多么美妙??！在這首詩(shī)中，詩(shī)人把早春的風(fēng)比作剪刀。考查動(dòng)詞辨析。connects連接；compares比較；contacts聯(lián)系；completes完成。根據(jù)“...thewindoftheearlyspringtoscissors”可知此處是把早春的風(fēng)比作剪刀，compare…to為固定搭配，表示“把……比作……”。故選B。5.Intheperformanceofthetextbookdrama,thegirl’sactingskillsareprettygood________allpraise.A.against B.over C.beyond D.opposite【答案】C【解析】【詳解】句意：在教科書戲劇的表演中，這個(gè)女孩的演技非常好，令人贊不絕口?？疾榻樵~辨析。against反對(duì)；over勝過(guò)；beyond超出；opposite與……相對(duì)。根據(jù)“thegirl’sactingskillsareprettygood”可知演技很好，令人贊不絕口，beyondallpraise“贊美不盡”，故選C。6.—Lookatthesignonmycoat.Doyouknowwhatitmeans?—Yes.Itsaysthiscoat________bewashedbyhand.A.mustn’t B.needn’t C.must D.can【答案】C【解析】【詳解】句意：——看我外套上的標(biāo)志。你知道是什么意思嗎？——是的。它說(shuō)這件外套必須手洗?？疾榍閼B(tài)動(dòng)詞。mustn’t不許；needn’t不必；must必須；can能夠。根據(jù)圖片及其內(nèi)容“Handwashonly”可知，這個(gè)標(biāo)志表示這件外套必須手洗。故選C。7.—Wecansaveenergybyridingbicyclesortakingbusesinsteadofdrivingprivatecars.—________,weshouldrecyclethingslikenewspapersandclothes.A.Anyway B.Otherwise C.Moreover D.However【答案】C【解析】【詳解】句意：——我們可以騎自行車或者乘坐公共汽車代替駕駛私家車節(jié)約能源?！粌H如此，我們應(yīng)該回收像報(bào)紙和衣服這樣的東西?？疾楦痹~辨析。Anyway無(wú)論如何；Otherwise否則；Moreover而且，此外；However然而。根據(jù)“weshouldrecyclethingslikenewspapersandclothes”可知，此處表示遞進(jìn)關(guān)系，故選C。8.—Labor(勞動(dòng))educationisimportantforstudents’development.—Yes.________schoolsputitintopractice,studentswillbemoreindependentandhelpful.A.While B.Unless C.If D.Though【答案】C【解析】【詳解】句意：——?jiǎng)趧?dòng)教育對(duì)學(xué)生的發(fā)展很重要。——是的。如果學(xué)校將其付諸實(shí)踐，學(xué)生將更加獨(dú)立和樂(lè)于助人。考查連詞辨析。while當(dāng)……時(shí)；unless除非；if如果；though盡管?！皊choolsputitintopractice”是“studentswillbemoreindependentandhelpful”的肯定條件，用if引導(dǎo)條件狀語(yǔ)從句，故選C。9.—ItookpartinNantongMarathonlastmonthandbecameoneofthe25,000marathonrunners.—Great!________meaningfulexperienceitwas!A.What B.Whata C.How D.Howa【答案】B【解析】【詳解】句意：——我上個(gè)月參加了南通馬拉松，成為25000個(gè)馬拉松選手之一?！袅?！多么有意義的經(jīng)歷！考查感嘆句。根據(jù)“meaningfulexperience”可知中心詞是可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)，應(yīng)用感嘆句句型：whata/an+adj+n+主謂。故選B。10.Inordertocreateaquietenvironmentfortheexam,thepolicehave________barricades(路障)acrossseveralmajorroadsneartheexaminationsites.A.putup B.putin C.puton D.putout【答案】A【解析】【詳解】句意：為了給考試創(chuàng)造一個(gè)安靜的環(huán)境，警察在穿過(guò)考點(diǎn)附近的幾條主要道路上設(shè)立了路障?？疾閯?dòng)詞短語(yǔ)。putup設(shè)立；putin投入；puton穿上；putout撲滅。根據(jù)“Inordertocreateaquietenvironmentfortheexam”和“barricades(路障)”可知，是設(shè)立路障來(lái)創(chuàng)造一個(gè)安靜的考試環(huán)境，故選A。11.________students’eyesightandmakesuretheyfocusontheirstudies,schoolswillhavemorerulestolimitmobilephoneuse.A.Protect B.Toprotect C.Protected D.Protecting【答案】B【解析】【詳解】句意：為了保護(hù)學(xué)生的視力，確保他們集中精力學(xué)習(xí)，學(xué)校將出臺(tái)更多限制使用手機(jī)的規(guī)定?？疾榉侵^語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。根據(jù)“schoolswillhavemorerulestolimitmobilephoneuse”可知，出臺(tái)手機(jī)限制規(guī)定是為了保護(hù)視力和確保學(xué)生的學(xué)習(xí)，用動(dòng)詞不定式作目的狀語(yǔ)，故選B。12.—HowmuchdoyouknowaboutYeGuangfu,thecommanderofShenzhou-18crewmembers?—Weareallproudofhim.Itisthesecondtimethathe________space.A.enters B.wouldenter C.wasentering D.hasentered【答案】D【解析】【詳解】句意：——你對(duì)神舟十八號(hào)機(jī)組指揮官葉光富了解多少？——我們都為他感到驕傲。這是他第二次進(jìn)入太空?？疾閯?dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)“Itisthesecondtimethat...”可知，此處為“Itisthefirst/secondtimethatsb.have/hasdonesth.”結(jié)構(gòu)，表示“這是某人第一/二次做某事”，從句時(shí)態(tài)要用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)“have/hasdone”，故選D。13.Thechartshowsusthat________.A.nobodycaresaboutnews B.musichasthefewestviewersC.mostpeoplelikewatchingmovies D.cartoonsarethemostpopularTVprograms【答案】B【解析】【詳解】句意：這張圖表告訴我們，音樂(lè)的觀眾最少。考查常識(shí)。根據(jù)圖表內(nèi)容可知，音樂(lè)只有7%的觀眾，是最少的，故選B。14.—Oneofthe24solarterms—SummerSolstice(夏至)iscomingsoon.—That’strue.Butcouldyoutellme________?A.whatisthemeaningofthissolartermB.thatitwillfallonJune21stor22ndthisyearC.whetheritwasthe10thsolartermofthe24solartermsD.ifit’sthedaywiththehighestnoonsunheightoftheyear【答案】D【解析】【詳解】句意：——24節(jié)氣之一的夏至即將來(lái)臨。——確實(shí)。但是你可以告訴我它是不是一年中中午太陽(yáng)高度最高的一天嗎？考查賓語(yǔ)從句。根據(jù)“Butcouldyoutellme”和選項(xiàng)可知后跟賓語(yǔ)從句，從句用陳述語(yǔ)序，排除A；B項(xiàng)表達(dá)疑問(wèn)，不能用that引導(dǎo)，排除B；C項(xiàng)敘述的是客觀事實(shí)，應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，故排除。故選D。15.—Confuciussaid,“Inordertodoagoodjob,onemustfirstsharpenone’stools”.—Ithinkitcanbeapieceofgoodadviceforsomeonewhowantsto________.A.takepartinthecompetitionbuthasnottrainedforitB.studyabroadbutisafraidtoliveinaforeigncountryC.goonatripbutthinksheorsheistoooldtotravelaloneD.buyanewe-bikebutdoesn’thavesparetimetogoshopping【答案】A【解析】【詳解】句意：——孔子說(shuō)：“工欲善其事必先利其器”?！艺J(rèn)為這對(duì)那些想?yún)⒓颖荣惖珱](méi)有接受過(guò)訓(xùn)練的人來(lái)說(shuō)是一個(gè)很好的建議?？疾槌ＷR(shí)和習(xí)語(yǔ)。根據(jù)“Inordertodoagoodjob,onemustfirstsharpenone’stools”可知，強(qiáng)調(diào)要做好一件事，準(zhǔn)備工作非常重要，故選A。二、完形填空（本題共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）請(qǐng)認(rèn)真閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。TenThousandKrathongsLekrushedthroughthecrowdedstreetstohisparents’restaurant.Outof____16____,hereachedforsomebananaleaveswithoutabreak—hemighthavetimetomakekrathongs.TonightwasLoyKrathong(水燈節(jié)),aThaifestivalwhenpeoplewouldsendouttinyboatswithlightedcandlessothatlastyear’sproblemscouldsailaway,leaving____17____forthenewyear.Thisweek,Lekhadpracticedlaunching(使下水)krathongsashisbrotherTongdidbecausetheirsister,Dao,wassick,lyinginbed.Perhapsawishwould____18____herillness!“Itwon’tbeenoughtocureDao.”Ya,Lek’sgrandma,saidsadly.ButLekdidn’t____19____.Ifonlyhehadtenthousandkrathongs!Hesetflowersinsidethebananaleaveswithawhitecandle.“Tongwillhelplaunchyourboat.Nowwemustgetreadyfor____20____.”saidYa.Likelastyear,LekwouldhelpinthekitchenwhileTonglaunchkrathongsoutsideforcustomers.ItwasallbecauseLekwastoo____21____.Withcustomersarriving,dishesweresentintothekitchen.____22____,thenightfell.LekpushedthroughthecrowduntilhesawTongonthejetty(碼頭),loweringkrathongsintothewaterwithhispole(竿).Itwouldtakeforeverbeforehisturn!Leklooked____23____toseeifYawaswatching.Thenhelaydownattheedge(邊緣)ofthejetty,litthecandleandmadeawish.Suddenly,hisbodyshookandthekrathong____24____.Itremainedonthesurfaceforamomentandthendisappeared.Whataterriblesign!TearsfloodedLek’seyes.Leknearlylosthisbalanceagainashetriedto____25____hiskrathong.Whenseeingitturnedupsidedownhistearsdroppedintotheriver.“Lek!”shoutedTong,“Somanypeoplehere!Youmayhelpme,staywhereIcanseeyou!”A(n)____26____tolaunchkrathongs!Lekwiped(擦)hiseyesandtookapole.Agirlhandedhimaboatwithsweetwhiteflowers,“It’sformyfather.”Leksentitdownwiththepole____27____andmadehisownsilentwish.Thecandlelightdancedontheblackriverastheboatslowly____28____thewaves.Thegirl’ssmilemadeLekfeellargerthanhisname.LekrememberedYa’swordsthatonlyawishmightnotmakeDao____29____,butitgavehimhope.Witheachkrathongsentaway,hemadethe____30____wishoverandover—MayDaogetwellsoon.“Tong,doyousupposethereareathousandkrathongsouttheretonight?”“Theremustbeatleasttenthousand!”Leksmiledsincerely.Hehopedtherivercouldhearthetenthousandwishessailingfromhisheartforhissisterthatnight.16.A.shape B.danger C.breath D.trouble17.A.jokes B.reasons C.gifts D.wishes18.A.takeaway B.wakeup C.leadto D.dependon19.A.accept B.care C.move D.understand20.A.leaves B.candles C.customers D.flowers21.A.fat B.weak C.small D.tired22.A.Finally B.Suddenly C.Peacefully D.Heavily23.A.forward B.inside C.outside D.around24.A.stuck B.dropped C.burnt D.appeared25.A.save B.show C.paint D.make26.A.idea B.chance C.standard D.fact27.A.politely B.simply C.hardly D.carefully28.A.followed B.pulled C.mixed D.separated29.A.happier B.sadder C.better D.worse30.A.sweet B.same C.real D.other【答案】16.C17.D18.A19.B20.C21.C22.A23.D24.B25.A26.B27.D28.A29.C30.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文主要是介紹在泰國(guó)的水燈節(jié)，Lek虔誠(chéng)地放水燈，為生病的妹妹祈福的事情?！?6題詳解】句意：他上氣不接下氣地伸手去拿香蕉葉——他可能有時(shí)間做水燈。shape形狀；danger危險(xiǎn)；breath呼吸；trouble麻煩。根據(jù)“Lekrushedthroughthecrowdedstreetstohisparents’restaurant.”可知是上氣不接下氣，outofbreath“上氣不接下氣”，故選C?！?7題詳解】句意：今晚是水燈節(jié)——泰國(guó)的一個(gè)節(jié)日，到時(shí)人們會(huì)派出點(diǎn)燃蠟燭的小船，這樣去年的問(wèn)題就可以迎刃而解，留下對(duì)新年的祝愿。jokes玩笑；reasons原因；gifts禮物；wishes祝愿。根據(jù)“forthenewyear.”可知是留下對(duì)新年的祝愿，故選D?！?8題詳解】句意：也許一個(gè)愿望會(huì)帶走她的疾病。takeaway帶走；wakeup喚醒；leadto導(dǎo)致；dependon依賴。根據(jù)“herillness!”可知希望帶走疾病，故選A。【19題詳解】句意：但是Lek不在意。accept接受；care在意；move移動(dòng)；understand理解。根據(jù)“Itwon’tbeenoughtocureDao”可知Lek不在意夠不夠，故選B?！?0題詳解】句意：現(xiàn)在我們必須為客人做好準(zhǔn)備。leaves葉子；candles蠟燭；customers客人；flowers花。根據(jù)“Likelastyear,LekwouldhelpinthekitchenwhileTonglaunchkrathongsoutsideforcustomers.”可知是為迎接客人做準(zhǔn)備，故選C?！?1題詳解】句意：這都是因?yàn)長(zhǎng)ek還太小。fat胖；weak虛弱的；small小的；tired疲憊的。根據(jù)“Likelastyear,LekwouldhelpinthekitchenwhileTonglaunchkrathongsoutsideforcustomers.”可知Lek太小了還不能放水燈，故選C。【22題詳解】句意：最后，夜幕降臨。Finally最后；Suddenly突然；Peacefully平靜地；Heavily嚴(yán)重地。根據(jù)“Withcustomersarriving,dishesweresentintothekitchen.”可知，最后夜晚來(lái)臨了，故選A?！?3題詳解】句意：Lek環(huán)顧四周看Ya是否在看。forward向前；inside到里面；outside外面；around周圍。根據(jù)“toseeifYawaswatching”可知是環(huán)顧四周去看Ya，lookaround“四處看”，故選D。【24題詳解】句意：突然，他的身體抖動(dòng)，水燈掉了。stuck卡住；dropped掉；burnt燃燒；appeared出現(xiàn)。根據(jù)“Itremainedonthesurfaceforamomentandthendisappeared.”可知水燈掉水里了，故選B?！?5題詳解】句意：當(dāng)Lek試圖拯救他的水燈的時(shí)候，他幾乎再次失去平衡。save拯救；show展示；paint畫；make使。根據(jù)“hiskrathong.”可知是去救水燈，故選A?！?6題詳解】句意：一個(gè)放水燈的機(jī)會(huì)！idea想法；chance機(jī)會(huì)；standard標(biāo)準(zhǔn)；fact事實(shí)。根據(jù)“Lekwiped(擦)hiseyesandtookapole.Agirlhandedhimaboatwithsweetwhiteflowers”可知放水燈的機(jī)會(huì)來(lái)了，故選B?！?7題詳解】句意：Lek用桿子小心地把它送了下來(lái)，許下了自己的無(wú)聲愿望。politely禮貌地；simply簡(jiǎn)單地；hardly幾乎不；carefully小心地。根據(jù)“andmadehisownsilentwish”可知是小心地放下去，故選D?！?8題詳解】句意：隨著船慢慢地順著波浪前進(jìn)，燭光在黑色的河上舞動(dòng)。followed跟隨；pulled拉；mixed混合；separated分離。根據(jù)“thewaves”可知是隨著波浪前進(jìn)，故選A?！?9題詳解】句意：Lek記著Ya的話，只有一個(gè)愿望可能不會(huì)使Dao更好。happier更幸福；sadder更悲傷；better更好；worse更差。根據(jù)“Itwon’tbeenoughtocureDao.”可知只有一個(gè)愿望不能使Dao更好起來(lái)，故選C。【30題詳解】句意：隨著每個(gè)水燈被送走，他一次又一次地許下同樣的愿望——希望Dao很快好起來(lái)。sweet甜蜜的；same同樣的；real真的；other其他的。根據(jù)“MayDaogetwellsoon.”可知他許的是同一個(gè)愿望，故選B。三、閱讀理解（本題共15小題；每小題2分，滿分30分）請(qǐng)認(rèn)真閱讀下列短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。A________ofJeans’Microfibers(微纖維)Youmayknowthatthingslikecaremissions(排放)andplasticsarebadforourEarth.Buthowaboutwashingyourjeans?Scientistsfindthatwashingapairofjeanscangiveoutabout56,000microfibers.Thesefibersarelessthan5millimeterslong.Theycangofromourwashingmachinesallthewaytothesea.ThisisbadfortheEarthandevenharmsourhealth.31.Whichpartofamagazineisthereadingmaterialmostprobablytakenfrom?A.Culture. B.Fashion. C.Environment. D.Technology.32.Whichwordisthemostsuitablefor________?A.Journey B.Chance C.Dream D.Challenge33.Accordingtothepassage,toreduceharmtotheEarthandourhealth,youshould________.A.washandkillbacteriaeverytwoweeks B.washyourjeansoftentosaveenergyC.testyourjeansafter15monthsofwear D.wearjeansformoredaysbeforewashing【答案】31.C32.A33.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文介紹了清洗牛仔褲會(huì)造成環(huán)境污染，甚至危害人體健康，建議我們少洗牛仔褲?！?1題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)“ThisisbadfortheEarthandevenharmsourhealth.”及圖片可知，清洗牛仔褲會(huì)危害地球，對(duì)環(huán)境甚至人類的健康造成影響，所以這篇閱讀材料可能來(lái)自雜志的“環(huán)境”部分。故選C?！?2題詳解】推理判斷題。圖片展示了清洗牛仔褲時(shí)，其中的微纖維是如何流入海洋，并對(duì)環(huán)境和人體造成影響的，所以標(biāo)題應(yīng)是“牛仔褲的微纖維之旅”，journey意為“旅行，行程”，符合題意。故選A。【33題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Don’twashyourjeanstoooften”和“Jeanscanstillbecleanwithoutwashing”可知，牛仔褲不用總清洗，不洗也可以很干凈，因此為了減少對(duì)地球和我們健康的危害，應(yīng)該多穿幾天牛仔褲再洗。故選D。BIfyouarelookingtogetabetterunderstandingoftheworldaroundyou,chemistryistheperfectsubjecttostudy.It’sastudyofmatter(物質(zhì)),itsproperties—waysinwhichitbehavesinspecialconditions,andhowitinteractswitheverythingaroundit.Attheheartofallthediscoveries,suchasmedicine,cooking,andseveralotherareas,isoneimportanttablethatorganizeselementsbasedontheiratomicnumberandchemicalproperties:theperiodictable.Althoughthefirstperiodictablewaspublishedin1869itwasaworkinprogressforhundreds,ifnotthousandsofyears.Sinceancienttimes,peoplehavebeeninterestedinelementssuchasgold,tin,ironandcopper(whicharewrittenasAu,Sn,FeandCuinthetable)intheirnaturalforms.Theyweredugupfromthegroundandusedtomakejewelry,guns,coins,andmanyotherthings.Overtime,peoplebecamemorecuriousaboutthesemetalsandhowtheyweremadeup.InancientGreece,Aristotleandotherphilosopherssaidthingsweremadefromtheelementsofearth,water,fireandair.Foryears,thisideawasaccepted.ThenpeoplebegantoconsiderthisideaagainduringtheAgeofEnlightenment.In1661,IrishscientistRobertBoyledescribedanelementassomethingthat“cannotbebrokendownintoasimplermatterbyachemicalreaction”.Overacenturylater,Antone-LaurentdeLavoisier,FatherofChemistry,wouldpublishthefirstmoderntextbookonchemistry.Init,helistedsomematterwhichhebelievedshouldbedividedaselementsintotwogroups:metalsandnon-metals.Althoughhisworkwasn’tcompletelycorrect,itrepresentedabigstepforwardatthattime.Overthenextcentury,scientistsstartedtodividetheelementsintodifferentgroupsdependingontheirpropertiesandatomicweights.However,itisRussianchemistDmitriMendeleevwhoisusuallybelievedasthefirstpersontomakeaperiodictable.Althoughotherscientistshadhandedintables,theywerefinallyrefusedbythescientificcommunitybecausetheywereshortofdetails.Mendeleevputalloftheelementsinaproperorderaccordingtotheiratomicmass.Hewasevensmartenoughtoleaveemptyspacesforelementswhichhadn’tbeendiscoveredatthetime.AlthoughMendeleev’speriodictablewasn’tperfect,itsetthewayororderwhichissimilartotheoneusedtoday.34.Whydidpeoplefirstbecomeinterestedinelements?A.Manypeoplewantedtobelikeascientist.B.Theywantedtousemetalstomakethings.C.Peopleinancienttimeswascrazyaboutscience.D.Theythoughtchemistryareusefulforeverything.35.ThewritermentionedAntonie-LaurentdeLavoisie________.A.torequireustocareaboutthehistoryB.toencourageustodiscoverandthinkC.toadviseustorespectthegreatchemistD.toremindustopayattentiontohiscontribution36.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A.Theinfluenceofchemistryistheeasiesttoseeintherealworld.B.AristotlewasspokenhighlyofduringtheAgeofEnlightenment.C.Mendeleevisusuallyconsideredthefirstpersontocreatethetable.D.RobertBoylewastheonewhowrotedowneveryelementonEarth.37.Thispassageismainlyabout________.A.whatthetableislike B.whythetableispopularC.howthetabledeveloped D.whenthetablefirstappeared【答案】34.B35.D36.C37.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文主要介紹了元素周期表的由來(lái)及發(fā)展?！?4題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Sinceancienttimes,peoplehavebeeninterestedinelementssuchasgold,tin,ironandcopper(whicharewrittenasAu,Sn,FeandCuinthetable)intheirnaturalforms.Theyweredugupfromthegroundandusedtomakejewelry,guns,coins,andmanyotherthings.”可知，人們開始對(duì)元素感興趣是為了用金屬來(lái)制造東西。故選B。【35題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)“Overacenturylater,Antone-LaurentdeLavoisier,FatherofChemistry,wouldpublishthefirstmoderntextbookonchemistry…Althoughhisworkwasn’tcompletelycorrect,itrepresentedabigstepforwardatthattime.”可推知，作者提到Antone-LaurentdeLavoisier是提醒我們要注意他的貢獻(xiàn)。故選D。【36題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)“However,itisRussianchemistDmitriMendeleevwhoisusuallybelievedasthefirstpersontomakeaperiodictable.Althoughotherscientistshadhandedintables,theywerefinallyrefusedbythescientificcommunitybecausetheywereshortofdetail”可推知，門捷列夫通常被認(rèn)為是第一個(gè)創(chuàng)造這個(gè)表的人。故選C?！?7題詳解】主旨大意題。通讀全文可知，本文主要介紹了元素周期表的由來(lái)及發(fā)展。故選C。CLongago,therewasajudgewhowasfamousthroughouttheland.Whentwopeopleargued,thejudgewasalwaysabletofindasolutionthatwasfairtobothpeople,whethertheywererichorpoor.Oneday,thejudgewenttoabusymarket.Merchants(商人)weresellinglivechickens,fruits,vegetables,andjustaboutanythingelseyoucouldthinkof.Ashewalkedthroughthemarket,thejudgesawthatalargecrowdhadgatheredoutsideashopthatsoldlivechickens.Thejudgewalkednearthecrowdandaskedawomanwhatwasgoingon.“Apoorfarmerwascarryingaheavysack(麻布大袋),”saidthewoman.“Heaccidentallyfelldownanddroppedthesackonachicken,killingit.Thechickenbelongedtotherichandgreedymerchantwhoownsthisshop,”shesaid,pointingtotheshop.Thejudgecouldheartwomenshoutingateachother.“ItwasluckyIwaspassingby,”thoughtthejudge.“Thereisclearlyanargumentgoingon,andIamgoingtosolveit.”“Excuseme!”saidthejudgeinaloudvoicetothecrowd.“Pleaseletmethrough.”①Whenpeopleturnedandsawthejudge,theyquicklymovedasidetolethimpassthrough.Thetwomenwhowerearguingsawthejudgecomingnear.②Thentheystoppedshoutingandbowedtothejudge.“Pleasehelpussolveourargument,”theysaid.“Tellmewhathappened,”thejudgesaidtothemerchantwhoownedtheshopthatsoldchickens.“Thisfarmerkilledoneofmychickens,”saidthemerchant.“Nowhemustpayforit!”Thejudgeaskedtoseethedeadchicken.“Itisquiteasmallyoungchicken,”saidthejudge.“Thatistrue,”saidthemerchant.“Butinanothertwoyearsthatchickenwouldhavegrownlargeandfat.Icanget100coinsforalarge,fatchicken.Thisfarmerowesme100coins!”③Thefarmerwastooafraidtospeak.Ahundredcoinswasahugeamountofmoneyforhim.Everyoneinthetown,includingthejudge,knewthefarmercouldn’tmakeenoughmoneytobuyclothesforhismanychildren.“Iorderyoutopaythismerchant100coins,”thejudgesaidtothefarmer.④Thecrowdstoodtherewiththeirmouthopeninsurprise.Howcouldthefarmereverpay?Thegreedymerchantwasoverjoyed.Thejudgeturnedtothemerchant.“Howmuchgraindoesachickeneatintwoyears?”askedthejudge.“Onelargesackofgrain”saidthemerchant.Heexaggerated(夸張)toprovethehighpricehechargedforhisdeadchicken.“Bykillingthischicken,thefarmerhassavedyoualargesackofgrain,”saidthejudge.“Iorderyoutogivethesackofgrainyouhavesavedtothefarmer.”Themerchantturnedpaleandhunghishead.Alargesackofgrainwasworthmuchmorethan100coins.“Iforgivethismanforkillingmychicken,”saidthemerchant.“Iwilltakenomoneyfromhim,aslongasIdonothavetogivehimasackofgrain.”“Asyouwish,”saidthejudge,whowasseentosmileashewalkedaway.38.What’stherightorderofthefollowingeventsinthisstory?a.Thefarmerkilledthemerchant’schickenbyaccident.b.Thejudgeorderedthefarmertopayforthedeadchicken.c.Themerchantpromisednottotakemoneyfromthefarmer.d.Thejudgedecidedtohelpsolvetheargumentinthemarket.A.a-b-d-c B.b-d-c-a C.a-d-b-c D.c-a-b-d39.Whatcanwelearnaboutthefarmerandthemerchantaccordingtothestory?A.Themerchantplayedatrickonthejudge.B.Themerchantgotalongwellwiththepoor.C.Thefarmermadealivingbysellingvegetables.D.Thefarmercouldn’taffordclothesforhismanychildren.40.Whichunderlinedsentencescanshowpeople’srespectforthejudge?A.①② B.①④ C.②③ D.③④41.Whichofthefollowingcanshowthechangeofthemerchant’sfeelings?A.sad—nervous—happy B.angry—sad—worriedC.angry—satisfied—unhappy D.sad—helpless—excited【答案】38.C39.D40.A41.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文介紹一位聰明的法官幫助一位農(nóng)民解決了問(wèn)題的故事?！?8題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Heaccidentallyfelldownanddroppedthesackonachicken,killingit.”可知，他不小心摔了一跤，袋子掉在一只雞身上，把雞砸死了；根據(jù)“Thereisclearlyanargumentgoingon,andIamgoingtosolveit.”可知，這顯然是一場(chǎng)爭(zhēng)論，法官要去解決它；根據(jù)“Iorderyoutopaythismerchant100coins,”可知，法官命令農(nóng)民向這位商人支付100個(gè)金幣；根據(jù)“Iwilltakenomoneyfromhim”可知，商人不會(huì)要農(nóng)民的錢。正確順序是a-d-b-c。故選C?！?9題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Everyoneinthetown,includingthejudge,knewthefarmercouldn’tmakeenoughmoneytobuyclothesforhismanychildren.”可知，鎮(zhèn)上的每一個(gè)人，包括法官，都知道這個(gè)農(nóng)民賺的錢不夠給他的孩子們買衣服，所以可知農(nóng)民沒(méi)錢給孩子買衣服。故選D?！?0題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)“Whenpeopleturnedandsawthejudge,theyquicklymovedasidetolethimpassthrough.”可知，當(dāng)人們轉(zhuǎn)過(guò)身看到法官時(shí)，他們迅速讓開，讓他通過(guò)；根據(jù)“Thentheystoppedshoutingandbowedtothejudge”可知，然后他們停止大喊向法官鞠躬。這兩句話表示人們對(duì)法官的尊敬。故選A?！?1題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)“Thetwomenwhowerearguingsawthejudgecomingnear.”、“Thegreedymerchantwasoverjoyed.”及“Themerchantturnedpaleandhunghishead.”可知商人的態(tài)度由生氣到滿意再到不開心。故選C。D①M(fèi)oreresearchersareturningtoartificialintelligence(AI)tomonitortheenivironmentandsupportendangeredcreatures.Unliketraditionalmethodsthatcandamagetheenvironmentorrequireconsiderable(相當(dāng)多的)timeandphysicalwork,AIhastheabilitytoquicklyandeffectivelydealwithlargequantitiesofdata(數(shù)據(jù)).Let’slearnmoredetailstogether.②Creaturesaredisappearingataspeedthousandsoftimesfasterthanthatmillionsofyearsago,withonemillioncreaturesendangered.TheUnitedNationssetagoalin2020tosafeguardatleast30%ofEarth’slandandoceansbytheendof2030.“AIisimperfectbutcouldmakeimportantdiscoveriesfasterandearlier.”saysNicolasMialhe,founderofTheFutureSociety,anorganizationthataimstobettermanageAl.“WeneedskilledhumanstodesignAImodelsandcheckandcollectdata.”③AtypeofAImodelcalledaconvolutionalneuralnetwork(CNN)hasbeendevelopedtorecognizebirdsounds.TheCNNisabletopickout75kindsofthebirdstheresearchershave.“OurresultsprovethatAIisreadyforrecognizingcreaturesinthewildfromsound.”saysMaller,theteamleader.“Allthatisneedednowismoretrainingdatacollectedbyhumans.”④Besidesmonitoringcreaturesinrealtime,AIcanbeusedtomodeltheimpactsofhumanactivitiesontheenvironmentandrebuildhistoricalchanges.ResearchershaveusedAItodiscoverhowacentury’senvironmentaldamageinariverhasledtocreatureloss.⑤Althoughitiswell-knownthathumanactivitieshaveresultedincreaturelossinriversandlakes,littleisknownaboutwhichactivitieshavethelargestimpact.“AIwilldosoon,”saysLuisaOrsini,aresearcherfromtheUniversityofBirmingham.42.WhatcanweinferfromthewordsNicolasMiailhe’sandMaller’ssaid?A.AImodelscanbedesignedbyeveryone. B.AImodelshavealreadlydevelopedperfectly.C.AI’sabilityneedsCNNtodiscoverandachieve. D.AI’sabilityismuchgreaterthanwhatpeopleimagine.43.Themeaningoftheunderlinedword“impacts”inParagraph4istheclosestto________.A.effects B.chances C.secrets D.purposes44.Whatisthestructureofthearticle?A.①②③/④⑤ B.①②/③④⑤ C.①②/③④/⑤ D.①/②③④⑤45.Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothearticle?A.Alisonlyusedinmonitoringtheenvironmentandsupportendangeredcreatures.B.Researchershavealreadypreventedacentury’senvironmentaldamageinariver.C.Creaturesaredisappearingfasterthanbeforewithonemillioncreaturesendangered.D.Alhasspentmoretimedealingwithlargequantitiesofdatathantraditionalmethods.【答案】42.D43.A44.D45.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文主要是介紹用人工智能來(lái)監(jiān)測(cè)環(huán)境并拯救瀕危生物。【42題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)“WeneedskilledhumanstodesignAImodelsandcheckandcollectdata.”、“OurresultsprovethatAIisreadyforrecognizingcreaturesinthewildfromsound.”和“Allthatisneedednowismoretrainingdatacollectedbyhumans.”可知AI已經(jīng)為在野外從聲音識(shí)別生物做好準(zhǔn)備，可推測(cè)AI的能力比人們想象的要強(qiáng)大，故選D?！?3題詳解】詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)“Besidesmonitoringcreaturesinrealtime,AIcanbeusedtomodeltheimpactsofhumanactivitiesontheenvironmentandrebuildhistoricalchanges.”可知，此處意為“人類活動(dòng)對(duì)環(huán)境的影響”，所以劃線詞意為“影響”，故選A?！?4題詳解】篇章結(jié)構(gòu)題。通讀全文，第一段講述用人工智能來(lái)監(jiān)測(cè)環(huán)境并拯救瀕危生物；第二段至第五段具體介紹人工智能的用途及方法，因此文章是總分結(jié)構(gòu)，故選D?！?5題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Creaturesaredisappearingataspeedthousandsoftimesfasterthanthatmillionsofyearsago,withonemillioncreaturesendangered.”可知生物正以比數(shù)百萬(wàn)年前快數(shù)千倍的速度消失，同時(shí)有一百萬(wàn)種生物瀕臨滅絕，故選C。第Ⅱ卷（非選擇題共60分）四、詞匯（本題共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）A.請(qǐng)根據(jù)括號(hào)中的中文提示、英文釋義或句意，寫出句中所缺單詞，使句子通順。46.—ShuihuiParkisplannedtocarryoutfireengineeringconstructionfromMay6toJune7.—Whatapity!That________(意思是，意味著)weshouldputoffourclasstrip.【答案】means【解析】【詳解】句意：——水暉公園計(jì)劃從5月6號(hào)到6月7號(hào)進(jìn)行消防工程建設(shè)?！孢z憾！那意味著我們應(yīng)該推遲我們的班級(jí)旅行。根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)可知是mean“意味著”，原句是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，主語(yǔ)That是單數(shù)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用三單。故填means。47.Thereisnoshortcutto________(成功),onlyadown-to-earthjourney.【答案】success【解析】【詳解】句意：成功沒(méi)有捷徑，只有腳踏實(shí)地的征程。介詞to后接名詞，結(jié)合中文提示可知，用success表示“成功”，不可數(shù)名詞，故填success。48.Many________(veryusefulorimportant)chancesoftenhideinthechallenges,sotrytofindandcatchthem.【答案】valuable【解析】【詳解】句意：許多寶貴的機(jī)會(huì)往往隱藏在挑戰(zhàn)中，所以試著去發(fā)現(xiàn)并抓住它們。根據(jù)“Many…chancesoftenhideinthechallenges…”并結(jié)合英文提示可知，此處是指“寶貴的，珍貴的”，其英文表達(dá)為valuable，為形容詞，在句中修飾名詞chances。故填valuable。49.Themorningairwas________(cleanandcool),makingittheperfecttimeforarun.【答案】fresh【解析】【詳解】句意：早上的空氣很清新，這是跑步的最佳時(shí)機(jī)。根據(jù)英文解釋可知是fresh“清新的”，形容詞作表語(yǔ)，故填fresh。50.Whenyouaretellingthetime,youusea________totalkaboutthefifteenminutesbeforeorafteranhour.【答案】quarter【解析】【詳解】句意：當(dāng)你說(shuō)時(shí)間的時(shí)候，你可以用一刻鐘來(lái)表示一小時(shí)之前或之后的十五分鐘。根據(jù)“talkaboutthefifteenminutesbeforeorafteranhour”可知，一個(gè)小時(shí)之前或之后的十五分鐘可以用quarter“一刻鐘”表達(dá)，a后跟名詞單數(shù)。故填quarter。B.請(qǐng)根據(jù)句意從方框中選擇合適的單詞，并用其適當(dāng)形式填空，使句子通順。wesevenleadrapidcommunicate51.AssoonasMumgothome,thelittlesonrushedtowardsher________andgaveherabighug.52.Johnwasoneofthe________inthefieldofcomputerprogramming,developingsomeofthemostfamoussoftwareprograms.53.IntheRunHeartAction,moreface-to-face________helpsparentsandteacherscaremoreaboutchildren’sgrowth.54.Wetookpridein________a