2024屆山東省泰安市高三下冊高考英語方正模擬試題（一模）附答案

2024屆山東省泰安市高三下學期高考英語方正模擬試題（一模）第二部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出最佳答案。AMonet:TheImmersive（沉浸式）ExperienceMonet:TheImmersiveExperienceinLiègeinvitesyoutostepintotheworldoftheFrenchpainterClaudeMonet,oneofthegreatestartisticgeniusesofthenineteenthcentury!ExploresomeofthemostbreathtakingpaintingsbyClaudeMonetwiththehelpofadigital360-degreepresentation.Theuniqueexhibitionconceptisstagedwithstate-of-the-artmultimediatechnology,whichshowsverylargeimagesofMonet’spaintingsonthewallsandfloorsofthebuilding．Ithasmusic,thesmellofflowers,andvoice-overinseverallanguagestomakethepaintingscomealiveinawayneverseenbefore．TofullygetintotheworldoftheFrenchpainter,visitorsareguidedthroughthreeexperiencerooms．Eachroomisahighlightonitsownandprovidesvisitorsnotonlywithaninsight,butalsowithnewexperiencesandnewviewpointsonMonet’slife,hisworkandhismasterpieces．Practicalinfo·Date:fromMarch2024·Openinghours:Wednesday,Thursday:10:00am-7:00pmFriday:10:00am-8:00pmSaturday:9:00am-8:00pmSunday:9:00am-7:00pmMondayandTuesday:Closed·Duration:thevisitwilltakearound60to75minutes·Location:EgliseSaint-Pholien,RueSaint-Pholien,4020Liège·PleaseconsulttheFAQsofthisexperiencehere1．HowdoestheexhibitionhelpvisitorsexploreMonet’spaintings?A．Itusesdigitaltechnology． B．Itgiveslecturesonart．C．Itoffersstagestovisitors． D．Itprovideslanguageservices．2．Whatwillvisitorsexperienceinthethreerooms?A．AnexplorationonFrenchart． B．Anintroductorytourofpainters．C．AuniquejourneytoMonet’sworld． D．AnencounterwithMonet-inspiredartworks．3．Whichofthefollowingisarecommendedvisitingtime?A．11:30am（Wed,Feb21）． B．10:00am（Tue,Mar19）．C．6:30pm（Thur,Mar28）． D．4:00pm（Sun,Apr7）．BLikemanyoftheIndigenous（土著的）communitiesacrosstheAustraliancontinent,theremotecommunitiesinnorth-westNewSouthWalesarestruggling.Manyofthe300orsoresidentsrelyonwelfare.Higherelectricitybills—upto$3,000aquarterforsomehouseholds-furtherworsenthepoverty.They'realwaysattheendofthepowerline,sotheservicethatisthereisquiteextraordinaryintermsofcost.It'sarealproblemthatneedstobefixed.Tothatend,AndersonandotherIndigenousleadershaveformedtheFirstNationsRenewableEnergyAlliance（FREA）topushforrenewableenergyinIndigenouscommunities.TheypartnerwithprivateenterprisetosupportIndigenouscommunitieslookingtoswitchtorenewableenergy."Wecanbuildapowerstationwherethecommunityexists,"Andersonsays,"sopeopleareabletosuccessfullyliveintheenvironmentthewaytheywanttoliveandhaveaccesstopowerwhichenablesthemtobetterdeterminetheireconomicfuture."OnlyahandfulofIndigenouscommunitieshavesetuprenewableenergyprojectsinAustralia.TheIndigenous-ownedand-operatedcompanyAllGridEnergy,forinstance,hasinstalledsolarpanelsandbatterystoragesystemstoreplacediesel（柴油）generatorsinthecommunitiesofNgurraraandKurnturlparaintheNorthernTerritory'sBarklyTableland.WithintwomonthsofthesystembeinginstalledinMay2016,peopleweremovingbacktotheirhomelands,thecommunitiesgrowingfromjusttwopermanentresidentstoabout40.ButFREAwillgoonestepfurther,workingwithcommunityleadersandactingasaconduit（紐帶）betweenthecommunitiesandthebusinessestheyaredealingwith.Thisisessential,saysAnderson,toavoidpredatory（吞并）practicestheyhaveseeninthepast,withcompanies"playingonthepsychologyofpoverty"togainadvantage.TheFREAhasdraftedtermsofagreementsthatwillguidehowcompaniesengagewithIndigenouscommunitiesforrenewableenergyprojects.OneofthenextstepsforFREAwillbetoidentifyacommunitythatcanactasatestcaseforarenewablesproject"Ourexperienceisthatifwecanmakeitworkforonecommunity,itwillworkineveryothercommunity,"Andersonsays.4.WhatisFREAexpectedtodofortheremoteIndigenouscommunities?A.Increasepowersupplytothem. B.Helpthemreturntotheirhomelands.C.Shakethemoffpoverty. D.Reducetheirhigherpowercosts.5.WhatdoestheauthorindicatebymentioningAllGridEnergy?A.Renewablesprojectsareinaccessible.B.Renewablesprojectsarequiteworkable.C.Renewablesprojectscanincreaselocals'income.D.Renewablesprojectscancoexistwithdieselpowerplants.6.What'sparagraph5mainlyaboutconcerningFREA?A.Itsstrategiestowinoverthebusinesses.B.Itscooperationwithcommunityleaders.C.Itspotentialconflictwithenergycompanies.D.Itsinnovationindirectingrenewablesprojects.7.What'sFREAgoingtodonext?A.Consulttheexperts. B.Selectapilotingcommunity.C.Collectsufficientconstructionfund. D.Makerenewablesprojectsavailabletoall.CIfyouliveinaregionwherewinterweatherisaregularrisk,youarelikelyusedtopouringsaltonyoursidewalks.Buthowdoesitwork?Andhowmuchsaltdohumanspourontoourplanet’ssurface?Thesecondquestioniseasiertoanswer:alot.Saltdoesn’tdirectlymeltice,nordoesitmakesnowsimplydisappear.Insteaditmakeswaterlesslikelytofreezeinaphenomenoncalledfreezingpointdepression.Inthecaseofsimplerocksalt,whichisarawer,lesspureversionoftablesalt,eachmolecule（分子）splitsintosmallerelements.Normally,whenwaterfreezesintoice,itsmoleculeslineuptoformastable,orderlystructure.Saltinterruptstheprocess,however,andtemperaturesmustdroplowertoovercomethatinterruptionandforfreezingtooccur.Butifsaltneedstointeractwithliquidwater,howdoesitdoanythingwhentemperaturesarestubbornlybelowfreezing,andwatershouldalreadybeintheformofice?That’swherecarshelpcleartheirownwaybycreatingfrictionand,inturn,heat.Thefrictionallowsfortheicethathasalreadyfrozentomeltalittlebit,makingitunlikelytofreeze.Beyondrocksalt’sabilitytoclearicystreets,itcanalsobedestructive.Chlorideions（氯離子）cancausewearandtearonvehiclesandfacilities.IncreasingchloridedensitiesinNorthAmericanlakescouldbegintoupsetlocalecologyanddegradesourcesofdrinkingwater.Manylocalgovernmentsarelookingforalternativestorocksalt.Othersaltssuchasmagnesiumchlorideandcalciumchlorideworkinthesamewayasrocksalt,andthey’reperhapsevenmoreefficient.Someexperimentsaretestingotherice-preventingsolutions,includingthosethatcontainsugarsinsteadoforinadditiontosalts.Anotherapproachreliesmoreheavilyonsand,whichcanmechanicallymakeroadssafer.Allofthisexperimentationisaimedatensuringpeoplecantravelinanyweathercondition—aHerculeantaskwhenwinterbringsitsworst.8.What’sthepurposeofthefirstsentenceinParagraph2?A.Tointroducethetopic. B.Togivesomeevidence.C.Todefinethephenomenon. D.Torevealthemisconception.9.Howdoessaltworktodisturbtheprocessoffreezing?A.Byloweringthetemperature. B.Bymeltingandsplittingitself.D.Bystoppingtheformationofthestructure.10.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“densities”inParagraph4mean?A.Concentrations. B.Weights. C.Qualities. D.Salts.11.What’sthelastparagraphmainlytalkingabout?A.Othersaltswon’tdisturblocalecology. B.Effortsarebeingmadetoguaranteesafetravels.C.Manyalternativesareavailabletosolvetheproblem. D.Bitterwintermakeitimpossibletosecureroadsafety.DAbouttenyearsago,logginginto,,orInstagramwouldmostlyshowpostsfromfriendsandfamilyintheordertheywereposted.Today,theseplatformspresentamixofcontent,tailoredbyalgorithms（算法）tomatchusers’interests,whetherit’splants,sports,cats,orpolitics.KyleChayka,awriterforTheNewYorker,discussesthistopicinhisbook,Filterworld.Heexplainsthatalgorithmsanalyzeuserdatatopredictandinfluencewhattheywilllikelyengagewith.Thismeansthatinsteadofasimple,chronologicalfeed,usersencounteradynamicstream,constantlyadaptingtotheirpreferences.Chaykaexamineshowthesealgorithmicrecommendationscontrolwhatweconsume,frommusicandmoviestofoodandtraveldestinations.Hearguesthatthismachine-drivenselectionprocesshasturnedusintopassiveconsumers,makingourpreferencesandtastesmoresimilar.Chaykapointsoutthatalgorithmsmakeuspassivebyalwaysshowinguscontentthatwe’reunlikelytoclickawayfrombutwon’tfindtoounexpectedorchallenging.Thisconstantstreamofrecommendationsreducesourexposuretodiverseorchallengingcontent,subtlyshapingourpreferencesandbehaviors.Moreover,Chaykapointsoutthatalgorithmsalsopressurecontentcreators,likemusiciansandartists,totailortheirworktofitthesedigitalplatforms.Forinstance,musiciansonSpotifyorTikTokmightfocusoncreatingcatchyhooksatthebeginningoftheirsongstograbthelistener’sattention.Despitethestrongpresenceofthesealgorithms,Chaykabelievesthatregulationcouldreducetheirinfluence.HesuggeststhatifMeta,theparentcompanyof,wererequiredtoseparateitsvariousservices,likeInstagramorWhatsApp,andmakethemcompetewitheachother,itcouldgiveusersmorecontrolandchoiceovertheirdigitalconsumption.Insummary,thechangefromsimple,time-orderedsocial.mediapoststoalgorithm-drivencontenthasabigimpactonboththeviewersandthecreators,influencingwhatwesee,hear,andeventhink.Chayka’sinsightshighlighttheneedforgreaterawarenessandpotentiallymoreregulationinourincreasinglydigitalworld.12.Accordingtothetext,howhavesocialmediaplatformschangedinthepasttenyears?A.Theyshowpostsinatime-basedorder. B.Theyprioritizepostsfromfriendsandfamily.C.Theymakeadjustmentstosatisfyusers’needs. D.Theyprovidemorecontenttomeetdifferentneeds.13.WhatdoesKyleChaykathinkofalgorithmicrecommendations?A.Theymakeusersmoreactiveconsumers. B.Theyshapeusers’preferencesandbehaviors.C.Theyreducetheinfluenceofcontentcreators. D.Theyexposeuserstodiverseandchallengingcontent.14.Howdoalgorithmsinfluencemusicians’workondigitalplatforms?A.Byencouragingmusicianstocreatelongersongs.B.Bydiscouragingmusiciansfromusingcatchyhooks.C.Bygivingmusiciansmorecontrolandchoiceovertheirmusic.D.Byrequiringmusicianstocreatetheirworktofittheplatforms.15.Whatcanbeconcludedfromthetext?A.Techcompaniesshouldhavemoredepartments.B.Socialmediaalgorithmsgivecontentcreatorslessopportunities.C.Socialmediaalgorithmsflattenourculturebymakingdecisionsforus.D.Networkplatformshaveincreasedthecommonrecommendationsfor10years.第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。HowtoProtectAgainstUndueInfluenceOnlineThepotentialforundueinfluencehasbecomeincreasinglysignificantinthiseraofdigitalinterconnectivity.Undueinfluencecanaffectourperceptionsandinfluenceourdecisions.Itmayevenendangerourautonomy（自主）andmentalhealth.16UnderstandwhatundueinfluenceisThefirststeptoprotectingyourselfisunderstandingwhatundueinfluenceis.Undueinfluencereferstoasituationinwhichanindividualorgroupemploysunreasonablecontroloveranotherperson’sbehaviorinformation,thoughts,andemotions.17Disinformationcampaigns,persuasiveadvertising,andevencontentdesignedtocausefear,uncertainty,ordependencymayoftenappearonline.DevelopmedialiteracyskillsInanageoffakenews,itiscrucialtodevelopmedialiteracyskills.18Becomeaconsumerwhocantellthequalityofinformation,identifythesource,checkforcredibility,andlookforyourunconsciousassumptionsandpreferences.19Deleteasmuchdataasyoucanaboutyourself.Bemindfulofwhatinformationyoushareonline,andalwaysensurethatyouronlineactivitiesaresecuredthroughreliablesources.Reviewallpoliciesonplatforms,especially“free”ones.Ifyouaren’tpaying,thenyouaretheproduct,asinmanycases,theyaresellingyourdata.Byincludingthesestepsintoyourdigitallife,youcanprotectyourselffromundueinfluenceintheonlineworld,ensuringthatyoucanthinkandactindependently,freefromillcontrol.20Itisyourmind.Onlyyoushouldcontrolit!A.PrioritizeprivacyB.BemindfuloffreeonesC.It’svitaltohaveahealthyInternetandreal-lifebalance.D.Inthedigitalworld,undueinfluencecantakemanyforms.E.Everyonedeservestherighttolivefreefromundueinfluence.F.Theyinvolveanalyzing,evaluating,andcreatingmediainvariousforms.G.Herearesomeessentialstrategiesforyoutoprotectyourselfonlinefromundueinfluence.第三部分語言運用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。Smithbroughthisthree-month-oldsonoutforbreakfastoneday.Hewasplayingwithhissonandtendingtohimwhileeating,andjustdoinghis21thing.Butthenhenoticeda22staringathim.Hewas23.“Whatisgoingon?”“Theykept24atme,”hewroteinapost.Asit25,thestrangerswerejusthappytoseeadadspendingtimewithhisson,andtheyfeltinspiredwhilewatchingthe26.Smithhadnowayofknowingthatuntilhepaidforhismeal.Hewasgivenbythewaitera27fromthecouple,sayingwhatagreatfatherhewasandthattheywouldliketoleavesome28forhismeal.“Todayyourmealisonmywifeandme,”itread.“29thatbabyaslongaspossible.TheMasons.”ForSmith,itwasahappymomentofreassurance（認可）andfeeling30.Hewastouchedbythegenerosityandnotedthathedidn’thaveafatherfiguregrowingup,sospendingthistimewithhissonissuper31tohim.Hewrotethathe’llsharethis32withhissonwhenhe’solderandthathewantstoteachhimkindnessandaboutthe33ofgivingback.“ImakesureI’m34,”Smithwrapped.“Igetblessed—Iwantto35someoneelse.”21.A.unusual B.rare C.big D.regular22.A.stranger B.woman C.couple D.waiter23.A.embarrassed B.confused C.worried D.scared24.A.shouting B.aiming C.smiling D.getting25.A.turnsout B.turnson C.strikesout D.goeson26.A.relationship B.appreciation C.friendship D.instruction27.A.bill B.note C.excuse D.notice28.A.credit B.cash C.change D.fortune29.A.Enjoy B.Share C.Protect D.Cheer30.A.lost B.exposed C.wronged D.seen31.A.significant B.occasional C.grateful D.influential32.A.idea B.breakfast C.joy D.story33.A.feeling B.comfort C.power D.consequence34.A.carryingitthrough B.payingitforward C.makingitup D.puttingitdown35.A.approach B.address C.bless D.watch第二節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。TheChinesezodiac,alsoknownasShengXiaoorShuXiang,isa36(repeat)circleof12years.Eachyear37(represent)byananimal.ChineseNewYear2024isayearoftheLoong.ChineseZodiacLoongisthe38(five)ofthe12zodiacanimals,followingtheRot,Ox,TigerandRabbit.PeoplebornintheyearoftheLoong—ananimalnooneknowsifitexistedinrealworld—areenvelopedinmystery,andverycharming.Backinthepre-Qinperiodover2,200yearsago,therewasalreadytheChinesezodiacsignstheory.Soitis39(reason)thatChineseZodiacyearsareinagreementwiththebeginningofChineseLunarNewYear.IfyouhaveanideaofLunarCalendar,youwillknow40ChinesezodiacyearoftenstartsfromlateJanuaryandendsinmiddleFebruaryofthenextyear.Therefore,toseewhatyourChinesezodiacanimalis,41toconfirmwhetheryouareaLoong,youneedtochangeyourGregoriancalendarbirthdaytoLunarCalendaroftheyearyouwereborn.Forexample,ifyouwereborn42February16,1988(ayearoftheLoong),theLunarNewYear’sEve,whichwasveryclosetoLoongyear,butyouareaRabbit.43isalsoworthmentioningisthatiftwopeoplewereborninthedifferentLoongyears,theymayhaveverydifferent44(personality),andhoroscope,duetotheFiveElements,whichareGold,Wood,Water,Fire,andEarth.Eachelement45(come)ina60-yearcycle.第四部分寫作（共兩節(jié)，滿分40分）第一節(jié)（滿分15分）假定你是李華，畢業(yè)在即，你校英文報舉辦了以“AnUnforgettableActivityinHighSchool”為主題的征文活動。請你寫一篇英文短文投稿，分享一次你參加過的校園活動。內(nèi)容包括：1.活動內(nèi)容。2.活動感受。注意：1.寫作詞數(shù)應為80左右；2.請按如下格式在答題卡的相應位置作答。AnUnforgettableActivityinHighSchool第二節(jié)（滿分25分）閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段，使之構成一篇完整的短文。Whenwewerefinallydismissedfromthelastclassoftheday,thestudentsstreamedoutoftheclassrooms.Itwasanotherboringdayafterschool.IdraggedmyfeethomeasIsighed.Yetanotheruneventfulday,Ithought.LittledidIknowthatthedaywouldtakeaturnfortheworse.Theliftlobby（電梯間）ofmyflatwasoldanddirty.Thewalls,whichwerepaintedwhite,hadbeendirtiedovermanyyears.Ireachedmyflat’slobby,andpressedtheliftbuttonandwentin.Justthen,MrsLim,myelderlyneighbour,hobbled（蹣跚）in.Shelookedancientwithtissuepaperwhitehair,wearingafadedold-fashioneddress.Iheldtheliftdooropen,flashingafriendlysmile,andpolitelygreetedher.Iaskedherhowshefeltthatdayandpressedthebuttons.Shethankedmeforbeingsopolite,thenweweresilentfortherestoftheride.Theliftfelldownincreasinglyfast.Therewereloudclankingsoundshereandtherewhiletheliftgrewslowerandslower.Myheartbeathardandfastasmyhandsturnedcoldandwetwithsweat.Unfortunately,theliftcametoanabruptstopatthefifthfloor.Ipressedthebuttonshardseveraltimes,butitwasofnohelp.Thelightsonthebuttonshadgoneout.Itsoondawnedonmethatweweretrapped.Anicyfearcreptupmyspine.MrsLimwashysterical（歇斯底里）.“Wewillnevergetout!”shecriedwithherfacepale.Ithadbecomeacolourlessmask.Ihadnotimetolose.Ipressedthebellintheliftimmediately.Thesoundwassurelydeafening,butwhatotherchoicedidIhave?MrsLimburstintotears.Itriedmyverybesttocomforther,tellingherthateverythingwouldbeallrightandthatweneededtofindouthowtogetoutsafely.MrsLimbeganhavingtroublebreathing,andIimmediatelyhelpedhersitdownandloosenedhercollar.Paragraph1:Severalminutespassed,butnohelpcame.Paragraph2:Bang!Myhopeswereli