湖南省湘潭市排頭中學(xué)高一英語測(cè)試題含解析

湖南省湘潭市排頭中學(xué)高一英語測(cè)試題含解析一、選擇題1.Withthewords,he________awidemouthjarfromhispocketandsetitonthetableinfrontofhim.A．pulledout

B．checkedoutC．stuckout

D．droppedout參考答案：A[考查動(dòng)詞短語。根據(jù)語境“表示他從口袋里拿出一個(gè)廣口瓶”，用pullout表示“抽，從……中抽出來”。checkout“結(jié)帳離去，辦妥手續(xù)離去”；stickout“堅(jiān)持，突出，伸出”；dropout“退出，退學(xué)”。]2.Somefootballfans,_____moneywasabigproblem,couldnotaffordtoseetheirstarplay.A.forwhose

B.forwhom

C.withwhom

D.withwhose參考答案：B3.WhenpeopletalkaboutthemostpopularnewChineseInternetwordsin2017,thefirstone______comesintotheirmindsis“taolu”.A.which B.that C.what D.ofthem）參考答案：B4.—Youlookupset.Whatisthematter?

—Ilostmyhandbag_______myIDcardandalotofcash.A.including

B.containing

C.included

D.contained參考答案：B5.Theprofessorwalkedintothelecturehall,

byhisassistantandagroupofhisstudents.A.following

B.followed

C.beingfollowed

D.tobefollowed參考答案：B6.ˉCouldyoustopworkingand______meafavor?ˉWithpleasure.A.doing

B.do

C.todo

D.done參考答案：B本題考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：你可以停止工作，幫我一個(gè)忙嗎？此處and連接兩個(gè)并列的謂語動(dòng)詞?！敬鸢浮俊窘馕觥?.--It`sthefirsttimethatI_________toShanghai.

--Whatgreatchange!It`stenyearssinceIleftitlasttime.

A.havebeen

B.hadbeen

C.am

D.come參考答案：A略8.___Sorry,doyoumindifIsmokehere?___Yes,

______.A.youcould

B.goahead C.Ido

D.mypleasure參考答案：C9.You’11regret

thosewords.Youmayhavehurtherfeelings.A.say

B.tosay

C.havingsaid

D.tohavesaid參考答案：C10.----Ifyoudolikethenewhouse,whynotbuyit?-----Butit’sreallyexpensive.Ican't_____it.A.get

B.supply

C.afford

D.support參考答案：C11.WilliamShakespearewasawriterandpoet______worksareconsideredthegreatestintheworld.

A.whose B.who C.which D.that參考答案：A12.________hersister,Janeisactiveandhasawidecircleoffriends.

A.Alike

B.Likely

C.Unlike

D.Dislike參考答案：C略13.參考答案：Dit在此處作形式賓語，代替真正的賓語動(dòng)詞不定式。14.He_____onthebed_____tohisparentsthatblackbirdshad_____theireggsonMars.

A.lay;lying;lied

B.lied;lied;lied

C.laid;laid;laid

Dlying;lied;laid參考答案：D15.Therobot______onthepatientisanewhighlyadvancedonethatwasinventedlastyear.A.tooperate

B.beingoperated

C.operating

D.operated參考答案：C16.Much

thatshemightloseherjob,shehasdecidedtogoforfurtherstudytokeepup.A.concerned

B.interested

C.determined

D.disappointed參考答案：A17.Thisyear,Mandarinbecamethethirdmost-popularA-levellanguageexamamongBritishhighschoolstudents,

onlyFrenchandSpanish.A.tofollow

B.followingC.followed

D.beingfollowed參考答案：B【詳解】考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：今年普通話成為英國高中生中第三受歡迎的A級(jí)測(cè)試語言，僅次于法語和西班牙語。本句主語Mandarin與動(dòng)詞follow構(gòu)成主動(dòng)關(guān)系，要用現(xiàn)在分詞做狀語，所以要選B項(xiàng)。二、新的題型18.Whileit'swonderfultoshareaspecialtripandnewexperiencewithfriendsorfamily,there'sanattractivecasefortravelalonefromtimetotime.Solo（單獨(dú)的）travelcanworkforanyone,andherearegoodreasonswhyyoushouldtryit.Youneedn'tdiscusswithothers.Itcanbechallenging（挑戰(zhàn)性的）totalkoveratripandtimeawayfromworkwithanotherbusypersoninyourlife.____16____Usually,thesechallengescanbeovercomebysimplyplanningfarinadvance.However,ifyoucan’tfindatravelpartneronshortnotice,itmaybetheperfecttometopackyourbagsandgoanyway.You’reyourowngreatcompany（同伴）.Ifyourarelyspendsignificanttimealone,youmaybesurprisedathowenjoyableitcanbe.____17____Dependingonthedestination,asolotripcanbeapowerfulandlife-changingexperience.Imaginesittingonapeacefulbeachatsunsetortakinganinvitingmorninghikealone._____18_____Meetnewpeople.Ifyouareabornopenperson,travelingalonecanbeawonderfulwaytomeetlocalsandmakenewfriends.Often,peoplewhoarealoneappearmoreapproachable（親近的）toothers.___19___Youcouldevenjoinagroupoflike-mindedpeopleforyogaonthebeach.Thekeyistokeepanopenmindwhilekeepingsafetyinmind,especiallyinaforeignland.______20______Forsomereason,serviceathotelsandrestaurantsseemsbetterwhenyou’retravelingalone.Peopletendtoadmirethosewhotravelbythemselves.A.Enjoygreatservice.B.Doeverythingyouwant.C.Justaccompanyyourself.D.Ifthingsdon'tgowell,theentiretripcanbeterrible.E.Youcouldbechattingwithsomeinterestingfolksatasidewalkcafe.F.Youcanenjoysuchahikewithoutmakingconversationwithanyone.G.Andit’sevenmoredifficultwhenyoutrytomakeplanswithagroup.參考答案：16.G

17.C

18.F

19.E

20.A【分析】本文為議論文。文章論述了一個(gè)人單獨(dú)旅行的理由和好處?！?6題詳解】考查上下文和句意理解。根據(jù)上文Itcanbechallenging（挑戰(zhàn)性的）totalkoveratripandtimeawayfromworkwithanotherbusypersoninyourlife.（如果是準(zhǔn)備跟身邊另一個(gè)大忙人去旅行，那還得費(fèi)工夫請(qǐng)假協(xié)調(diào)各類瑣事）可知，G項(xiàng)“要是組團(tuán)的話，行程計(jì)劃則更難安排”符合此處語境。故G選項(xiàng)正確?！?7題詳解】考查上下文和句意理解。根據(jù)本段主旨You’reyourowngreatcompany（你是你自己最棒的同伴）可知，C項(xiàng)“只是陪著你自己”符合此處語境。故C選項(xiàng)正確?！?8題詳解】考查上下文和句意理解。根據(jù)上文Imaginesittingonapeacefulbeachatsunsetortakinganinvitingmorninghikealone.（想象一下，在日落時(shí)分坐在寧靜的海灘上，或者獨(dú)自在誘人的清晨遠(yuǎn)足）可知，F(xiàn)項(xiàng)“你可以享受這樣的徒步旅行，而不必與任何人交談”符合此處語境。故F選項(xiàng)正確。【19題詳解】考查上下文和句意理解。根據(jù)上文Often,peoplewhoarealoneappearmoreapproachable（親近的）toothers（通常，獨(dú)處的人看起來更容易接近他人）可知，E項(xiàng)“你可以在路邊的咖啡館和一些有趣的人聊天”符合此處語境。故E選項(xiàng)正確。【20題詳解】考查上下文和句意理解。根據(jù)下文“賓館和飯店對(duì)獨(dú)自旅行人的服務(wù)貌似更好”可知，A項(xiàng)“享受很好的服務(wù)”適合做本段主旨。故A選項(xiàng)正確?！军c(diǎn)睛】通讀文章，首要關(guān)注文章的首段與末段，尤其是文章的這兩段的末尾句，因?yàn)椤伴_門見山”與“末尾點(diǎn)題”的寫作方式是最為常見的，首段的末句一般是全文的主題所在，說明本文將探討哪些內(nèi)容，并簡(jiǎn)要指出文章的寫作思路，有時(shí)甚至?xí)蕴峋V的形式進(jìn)行呈現(xiàn)。首段的末句對(duì)于快速掌握文章的主題具有重要意義，如果它是文章的主題句，就可以使讀者迅速明確文章情節(jié)將如何展開，并對(duì)文章的寫作主題有了整體的了解。如果末句不是主題句，則需要繼續(xù)尋找。這時(shí)，可以考慮文章的寫作方式是否為“結(jié)尾總結(jié)”式，如兩者均可排除，則需在文章中其他段落尋找主題句，但要注意首段與末段的提示作用。解題策略1）從意思上判斷在做題時(shí)最重要的是要讀懂空白前后的句子，正確理解了這些句子后，根據(jù)意思的連貫性、邏輯性或者線索詞從選項(xiàng)中選取正確答案。在讀懂意思的基礎(chǔ)上，再利用線索特征詞等進(jìn)一步確認(rèn)答案。2）從詞匯上鎖定線索保持對(duì)一些線索詞的敏感是非常重要的，要好好關(guān)注空白前后的名詞和動(dòng)詞，然后在選項(xiàng)中查找它們的近義詞、反義詞、同義詞、同類詞等。其次是一些專有名詞，比如說數(shù)詞、代詞、時(shí)間、年代、地點(diǎn)/名稱等。尤其是在讀不懂句子的情況下，利用這樣的線索詞尋找答案是很有效的方法。如第2小題：該段主旨You’reyourowngreatcompany和選項(xiàng)中的accompanyyourself對(duì)應(yīng)；第3小題：上文中的aninvitingmorninghikealone.與選項(xiàng)中的ahikewithoutmakingconversationwithanyone.對(duì)應(yīng)；第5小題：下文中的serviceathotelsandrestaurantsseemsbetter與選項(xiàng)中的greatservice對(duì)應(yīng)。三、閱讀理解19.AnarticlepublishedrecentlyinthescientificjournalNatureissheddingnewlightonanimportant,butsofarlittlehasbeenappreciated,aspectofhumanevolution.Inthisarticle,ProfessorsDennisBramble,andDanielLiebermansuggestthattheabilitytorunwasadecisivefactorinthedevelopmentofourspecies.Accordingtothetwoscientists,humanspossessanumberofanatomical（人體結(jié)構(gòu)的）featuresthatmakethemsurprisinglygoodrunners.“Weareveryconfidentthatstrongselectionforrunning，whichcameattheexpenseofthehistoricalabilitytoliveintrees-washelpfulintheoriginofthemodernhumanbodyform,”saysBramble,abiologyprofessorattheUniversityofUtah.Traditionalthinkinguptonowhasbeenthattheuprightbodyformofmodernhumanshascomeaboutasaresultoftheabilitytowalk,andthatrunningissimplyaby-productofwalking.Furthermore,humanshaveusuallybeenregardedaspoorrunnerscomparedtosuchanimalsasdogs,horsesorantelopes.However,thisisonlytrueifweconsiderfastrunningovershortdistances.EvenOlympicathletecanhardlyrunasfastasahorsecangallop,andcanonlykeepupatopspeedforfifteensecondsorso.Horsesandantelopes,ontheotherhand,canrunattopspeedforseveralminutes,clearlyoutperformingusinthisrespect.Butwhenitcomestolong-distancerunning,humansdoastonishinglywell.Theycanmaintainasteadypaceformiles,andtheiroverallspeedcomparesfavorablywiththatofhorsesordogs.BrambleandLiebermanexaminedtwenty-sixanatomicalfeaturesfoundinhumans.Oneofthemostinterestingoftheseisthenuchalligament（頸背的韌帶）.Whenwerun,itisthisligamentthatpreventsourheadfrompitchingbackandforthorfromsidetoside.Therefore,weareabletorunwithsteadyheadsheldhigh.Thenuchalligamentisnotfoundinanyothersurvivingprimates（靈長(zhǎng)類動(dòng)物）,althoughthefossil（化石）recordshowsthatHomoerectus,anearlyhumanspeciesthatwalkedupright,muchaswedo,alsohadone.ThenthereareourAchillestendons（跟腱）atthebacksofourlegs,whichhavenothingtodowithwalking.Whenwerun,thesetendonsbehavelikesprings,helpingtopushusforward.Furthermore,wehavelow,wideshoulders,virtuallydisconnectedfromourskulls(thebonypartofthehead),anotheranatomicaladaptationwhichallowsustorunmoreefficiently.Butwhatevolutionaryadvantageisgainedfrombeinggoodlong-distancerunners?Oneassumptionisthatthisabilitymayhavepermittedearlyhumanstoobtainfoodmoreeffectively.“Whatthesefeaturesandfossilfactsappeartobetellingusisthatrunningevolvedinorderforourdirectancestorstocompetewithothercarnivores(animalsthateatmeat)foraccesstotheproteinneededtogrowthebigbrainsthatweenjoytoday.”saysLieberman.64.Wecanlearnfromthepassagethatthehumanabilitytorun_______.A.wasonlyrecentlydescribedinascientificjournalB.playedanimportantpartinhumanevolutionC.wasconsideredmorenaturalthantheabilitytoliveintreesD.contributedtotheformofhumanlanguage65.Accordingtothesecondparagraph,humans_______A.arebetterrunnersthanmostotheranimals B.arenotgoodatrunningshortdistancesC.compareunfavorablywithhorsesanddogs D.arepoorlong-distancerunners66.Itappearsthatthenuchalligament_______.A.enablesustorunwithsteadyheads B.isfoundinmodernprimatesonlyC.preventstheheadfrombeingheldhigh

D.isauniquefeatureofcarnivores67.ThepassagedoesNOTtellusthat_______A.earlyhumanshadanadvantageinobtainingfoodthankstotherunningabilityB.fossilshelpusbetterunderstandhumanevolution.C.ourAchillestendonsareanadaptationforrunningefficientlyD.bigbrainsmayhavebeenevolvedforrunninglong-distance參考答案