unit5夜鶯與玫瑰課文分析

unit5夜鶯與玫瑰課文分析AbouttheAuthorOscarWildewasborninDublin,IrelandonOctober16,1854.EarlyDeath(1900)BeeducatedinTrinityCollege,Dublin()InMay1895,WildewasprosecutedandimprisonedforhomosexualityunderthetermsoftheCriminalLawAmendmentAct(刑事法修正法令).BosieOscarWilde’sworks

TheHappyPrinceAndOtherTales《快樂王子和其他故事》--FairytaleThePictureofDorianGray《道林·格雷的畫像》FictionPlays:

LadyWindermere'sFan《溫德密爾夫人的扇子》

AWomanofNoImportance

《無足輕重的女人》

AnIdealHusband《理想的丈夫》TheImportanceofBeingEarnest

《認真的重要性》AboutHomosexualitySappho薩福ThefirstfemalepoetinAcientGreece

Michelangelo

B.

1475-1564

米開朗基羅TheItalianartist（unmarried--homosexuality）

Leonardo

Da

Versace

1452-1519

達芬奇TheItalianartistHomosexualhastheequalrightsasanybodyelse.

AbouttheauthorAbouttheauthorOscarWilde’srichanddramaticportrayalsofthehumanconditioncameduringtheheightoftheVictorianErathatsweptthroughLondoninthelate19thcentury.Part1(Paras.):

Part2(Paras.):Part3(Paras.):Part4(Paras.):TextAnalysisStructure1-1213-3435-45Nightingalestruckby“themysteryoflove”NightingalelookingforaredrosetofacilitatetheloveNightingalesacrificingherlifeforaredroseTheendofStructure.

Studentdiscardingtheredrose46-54Discussion—ImagesWhatarethesymbolicmeaningsof“Redrose”,“Lizard”“Butterfly”and“Nightingale”?Discussion—ImagesSymbolicmeanings:

Redrose—

truelove,whichneedsconstantnourishmentofpassionsofthelovers.

Discussion—Images

Nightingale—atruthful,devotedpursueroflove,whodarestosacrificehisownpreciouslife

Student—notatruelover,ignorantoflove,notpersistentinpursuingloveDiscussion—ImagesLizard—cynic(cynicalpeople)

cynic:apersonwhoseeslittleornogoodinanythingandwhohasnobeliefinhumanprogressTheButterflyrepresentsonekindofpeoplewholikeflattering.Theydon’tjudgethingsthemselvesbutdependonothers.TheDaisyrepresentssomecowardpeoplewhohaveconcerntowardsothersbutdarenotshowthisconcerndirectly.Wilde’scommentsinalettertooneofhisfriends(May1888):Thenightingaleisthetruelover,ifthereisone.

She,atleast,isRomance,andthestudentandthegirlare,likemostofus,unworthyofRomance.

So,atleast,itseemstome,butIliketofancythattheremaybemanymeaningsinthetale,forinwritingitIdidnotstartwithanideaandclotheitinform,butbeganwithaformandstrovetomakeitbeautifulenoughtohavemanysecretsandmanyanswers.

Discussion—writingfeaturesWhatisthegenreofthisstory?Anditscharacteristics?FairytalesCharacteristics: 1) personificationofbirds,insects,animalsandtrees 2) vivid,simplenarrationtypicaloftheoraltraditionoffairytales 3) repetitivepatternDiscussion—writingfeaturesAprofoundthemePureandbeautifulimagesPoeticlanguageDramaticplotDiscussion—figurativespeechesPersonificationSimileandMetaphorClimaxandAnticlimaxWritingDevices“Shehasform,thatcannotbedeniedbuthasshegotfeeling?Iamafraidnot.Infact,sheislikemostartists;sheisallstylewithoutanysincerity.Shewouldnotsacrificeherselfforothers.”hesaidtohimself,ashewalkedawaythroughthegrove.(Para.34)Personification:

givehumanformsorfeelingstoanimals,orlifeandpersonalattributestoinanimateobjects,ortoideasandabstractionsPersonificationWhateffectdoyouthinkithashere?Discussion—figurativespeechesSimileandmetaphor

Simile:

…h(huán)ervoicewaslikewaterbubblingfromasilverjar. …aswhiteasthefoamofthesea…

Metaphor:

...andthecoldcrystalmoonDiscussion—figurativespeechesClimax

--derivedfromtheGreekword“l(fā)adder,”impliestheprogressionofthoughtatauniformoralmost uniformrateofsignificanceorintensitye.g. Icame,Isaw,Iconquered. 我來了，我看見了，我勝利了。（內(nèi)容是一步一步上升的）Discussion—figurativespeechesAnti-climax:

statingone’sthoughtsinadescendingorderof significanceorintensity,oftenusedtoridiculeorsatire.eg.1. Asaseriousman,IlovedBeethoven,Keats,andhotdogs. 2. Thedutiesofasoldieraretoprotecthiscountryandpeelpotatoes.士兵的職責是保衛(wèi)祖國和剝土豆皮。ClimaxWritingDevicesSotheNightingalepressedcloseragainstthethorn,andthethorntouchedherheart,andafiercepangofpainshotthroughher.Bitter,bitterwasthepain,andwilderandwildergrewhersong,forshesungoftheLovethatisperfectedbyDeath,oftheLovethatdiesnotinthetomb.Climax&AnticlimaxWhateffectdoyouthinkithashere?MoreExlesAndthemarvelousrosebecamecrimson.Crimsonwasthegirdleofpedals,andcrimsonasrubywastheheart.ButtheNightingale’svoicegrewfainterandafilmcameoverhereyes.Fainterandfaintergrewhersong,andshefeltchokinginherthroat.AndatnoontheStudentopenedhiswindowandlookedout.…“Whatawonderfulpieceofluck!”hecried…h(huán)eleaneddownandpluckedit.

Anticlimax:statingone’sthoughtsinadescendingorderofsignificanceorintensity,oftenusedtoridiculeorsatireClimax&AnticlimaxInversion…andlouderandloudergrewhersong…RhetoricalQuestionWhatisaheartofabirdcomparedtotheheartofaman?RepetitionAndadelicateflushofpinkcameintoleavesoftherose,liketheflushinthefaceofthebridegroomwherehekissesthelipsofthebride.

SyntacticalStructuresRepetitionShesweptoverthegardenlikeashadow,andlikeashadowshesailedthroughthegrove.Bitter,bitterwasthepain,andwilderandwildergrewhersong.Andthemarvelousrosebecamecrimson.Crimsonwasthegirdleofpedals,andcrimsonasrubywastheheart.ButtheNightingale’svoicegrewfainter…Fainterandfaintergrewhersong…

Findmoreexlesinthetext.SentenceParaphrase“Ah,Ihavereadallthatthewisemenhavewritten…mylifeismadewretched.”NoticethesarcastictoneoftheauthorwhenhehadtheStudentrefertothe“wisemen”.Asachionfor“artforart’ssake”,theauthorarguesthatoneshouldnotpaintorwriteforfinancial,politicalorreligiousreasons.HethereforekeepspokingfunattheStudent,theprofessor,thedustyheavybooks,logic,philosophy,intellect,andmetaphysics.Manypeoplehoweverrejectthisview.Theydonotbelieveitpossibletohavesuchathingasartforart’ssake.“ThePrincegivesaballtomorrownight,…andmylovewillbethere.”giveaball:togiveadancingpartyNoticetheuseofthepresentindefinitetenseforexpressingthefuture.“Ball”herereferstoalargeformaloccasionatwhichpeopledance.mylove:mysweetheart.Theword“l(fā)ove”hereisusedasatermofendearmentasin:Myloveislikeared,redrose,Newlysprunginspring.

RobertBurns(1759—1796)“Themusicianswillplayupontheirstringedinstruments,…andmylovewilldancetothesoundoftheharpandtheviolin.”dancetothesoundoftheharp:danceaccordingtothesoundoftheharp,e.g.Thesnakewouldthendancetothemusic.

“Butwithmeshewillnotdance,forIhavenoredrosetogiveher,”andheflunghimselfdownonthegrass,…for:Whenusedasaconjunction,itmeans“because”,butitisnowconsideredquiteformal,anditisnotasstrongas“because”,thereforeinadverbialclausesofreason,“because”isalwaysused.Like“and”and“but”,“for”isusedincoordinateclauses.…andthelittleLizard,whowassomethingofacynic,laughedoutright.somethingofacynic:

acynicwithoutfullydeservingthename,e.g.

e.g.Heissomethingofascholar他略有學問.cynic:acynicalperson;apersonwhobelievesthateverybodyismotivatedbyselfishness.

laughedoutright:laughedoutloud;burstoutlaughing

“Givemearedrose,…andIwillsingyoumysweetestsong.”

“Sweet”couldrefertotaste,smell,orsound.AskstudentstotranslatethefollowingphrasesintoChinese:sweetair;sweetsong;sweetmusic;sweetwine;sweetflowers;sweetcake;sweetsmile;sweettemper;sweetlady;sweetwater.“…andredderthanthegreatfansofcoral.”Noticethemetaphoricaluseoftheword“fan”,whichreferstoanythingresemblingafan.Moreexles:Themouthofariver;thefootofthepage;thenorthernfaceofthemountain;theeyeofaneedle;thenoseofaplane;“Butthewinterhaschilledmyveins,andthefrosthasnippedmybuds,andthestormhasbrokenmybranches,andIshallhavenorosesatallthisyear.”chill:tofreeze;tonumb;tolowerthetemperaturechilly(adj.):coldnipthebuds:tostopthegrowthofthebudsnipitinthebud:topreventsth.frombecomingaproblembystoppingitassoonasitstarts“OneredroseisallthatIwant,…onlyoneredrose!IstherenowaybywhichIcangetit?”“…whatistheheartofabirdcomparedtotheheartofaman?”Thissentencemeans:Theheartofabirdisnothingcomparedtotheheartofaman.Inotherwords,fortheNightingale,theStudent’sloveismuchmoreimportantthanherlife.…sweptoverthegarden……movedquicklyoverthegarden…Observehowtheword“sweep”areused:Anewbroomalwayssweepstheroomclean.Aterriblestormsweptacrossthewholecity.Youcan’tsaytheyareallcorrupt.That’stoosweeping一網(wǎng)打盡的.Theremightbeafewexceptions.“Behappy,…youshallhaveyourredrose.”Themodalverb“shall”isusedheretoconveyasolemnpromise.Itisusedtosaythatsomethingwilldefinitelyhappen.Noticethatthisusageisconsideredformalandold-fashioned.TheStudentlookedupfromthegrass,andlistened,buthecouldnotunderstandwhattheNightingalewassayingtohim.Whycouldn’ttheStudentunderstandwhattheNightingalewassayingtohim?Obviously,itwasnotbecausehecouldnotunderstandbirdlanguage,butratherbecausehecouldnotunderstandtruelove.“Shehasform…sheisallstylewithoutanysincerity.”“Form”isthedesign,pattern,orstructureasopposedtothesubstance.Inmusic,itreferstosuchthingsasmelody,rhythm,andharmony.NoticetheironywhentheStudentsaysthattheNightingalehasnofeelings.HiscommentsontheNightingale’smusicremindusofwhatpeoplesaidaboutOscarWilde’sviewsonart.Noticetheuseof“all”inthesentence“It’sallstyle”.Itmeans“apartfromstyle,thereisnothingelse”.Moreexles:Heisasstrongasahorse.Heisallmuscle.Don’tlistentohim.It’sallstuffandnonsense.Hewasallhotair.Alotofbeautifulwords,butcompletelymeaningless.…andafteratime,hefellasleep.InmodernEnglishwewouldsay“aftersometime”or“afteramoment”.NoticetheironyinhowtheStudentcouldfallasleepsoquickly.Shesangfirstofthebirthofloveintheheartofaboyandagirl.thefirststageofLove:她先歌唱少男少女心中初次萌發(fā)的愛情Forshesangofthebirthofpassioninthesoulofamanandmaid.thesecondstageofLove:因為她歌唱著一對成年男女內(nèi)心誕生的激情adelicateflushofpink“delicate”means“soft,orfaint”柔和的，清談的delicate:1)fragile易碎的e.g.delicatevase.2)bemadeskillfully精致的，精細的delicatemachine3）requiredtactfultreatment微妙的,棘手的delicatenegotiation棘手的談判

…LovethatisperfectedbyDeath,ofthelovethatdiesnotinthetomb.Paraphrase

…Lovethatgrowsandgrowsuntilthepersondies,andofthelovethatwillliveineternity.“thelovethatdiesnotinthetomb”isold-fashioned.InmodernEnglish,itwouldbe“theLovethatdoesn’tdieinthetomb”.她在歌唱因死亡而完美的愛情，那即便在墳墓中也不死的愛情，“…itwillnotgowithmydress,”…gowithmydress:tomatchmydress;tobeharmoniouswithmydresse,g,Thisfurnituredoesnotgowiththecolorofthewalls.“Well,uponmyword,youareveryungrateful,”…Noticetheirony.TheStudentaccusedthegirlofbeingungratefulwithoutrealizingthathewasnobetter.“Infactitisquiteunpractical,andasinthisage…IshallgobacktoPhilosophy.”“as”means“because”here,unpractical:also“impractical”Excercises2.CompletesentencesbytranslatingtheChineseinthebracketsthathedecidedtodevotehiswholelifetoteachinginhishomevillageafterhefinishedschool2.thathesoonlosthispower(orwasoverthrown)3.thatpeoplegenerallyagreethatfewmajor\bigproblemscanberesolvedwithoutChina’sparticipation4.withaguninhishand5.withapageboystandingoneithersideofhimandafewelderlysoldierssweepingthegroundoutsidethecitygate6.Withtheroaringriverinfrontandtheenemysoldiersfollowingclosely7.tokeepcalm8.Tobeaprofessormeans9.Toknowalotofnames,personsandeventsinthepastdoesnotnecessarilymean3.Fillintheblackswiththecorrectprepositionsoradverbs.1for,on2against,out3to,in4with,to5of,of6of,inspiteof,on7of,in8Upon,into9in,with10to/withgoabout(doing)sth.:starttoworkandsth;tacklesth.e.g.goaboutone’sbusinessDon’tgoaboutthejobthatway.gobysth.:(a)beguidedordirectedbysth.gobytherules

(b)formanopinionorajudgementfromsth.你們有足以做出判斷的證據(jù)嗎？Doyouhaveenoughevidencetogoby?timegoesby

gophrasesgointo:(a)join(anorganization),espinordertohaveacareerinit;entersth.(b)examineorinvestigatesthcarefully

gointobanking,teaching\theArmy,theParliamentIdon’twanttogointotheminordetailsnow.gothroughsth.:a.toexaminecarefullyb.toexperiencegothroughthestudents'papersThecountryhasgonethroughtoomanywars.

gowithsth;gotogether:combinewellwithsth;harmonizewithsthe.g.Ineedsomenewshoestogowiththesetrousers.goforsb\stha.applytosb\sth.b.beattractedbysb\sth;likeorprefersb.\sth.我說的關(guān)于史密斯的話也適用于你。whatIsaidaboutSmithgoesforyou,too.我對現(xiàn)代藝術(shù)很不欣賞。Idon’tgomuchformodernartgoundera.sinkbelowthesurfaceoftheseab.(infml)becomebankrupt;failThefirmwillgounderunlesswbusinessimproves.gooversth.a.examinethedetailofsth;checksthb.studyorreviewcarefully;rehearseorrevisesth交作業(yè)前要仔細的檢查一下。Gooveryouworkcarefullybeforeyouhanditin.shake，tremble，shiverTheseverbsmeantomanifestinvoluntaryvibratorymovement.這些動詞意味著顯示出不由自主的振動。Shakeisthemostgeneral:是最普通的：Thechild'ssmallbodyshookwithweeping.孩子的小身軀因抽泣而抖動。Thefloorshookwhenshewalkedacrosstheroom.當她穿過房間時地板晃動。shake，tremble，shiverTrembleimpliesquick,ratherslightmovement,asfromexcitement,weakness,oranger:Tremble意指迅速、相當輕微的運動，由于激動、虛弱或生氣引起：Icouldfeeltheyoungster'shandtrembleinmine.我能感到那個年輕人的手在我的手中顫抖。Theappleblossomstrembledinthewind.蘋果花在風中搖曳。shake，tremble，shiverShiverinvolvesrapid,ratherslighttrembling,asofapersonexperiencingchill:Shiver意指受寒后快速、相當輕微的顫抖：“asIstoodshiveringinthesnowinhoarywinternight”“我站在古老的冬日雪夜中顫抖”4.Fillintheblankswiththemostappropriatephraseinthebrackets.Changetheformifnecessary.1.springingup/goingup(兩者均可。前者更生動些)2.goabout/goover（兩者均可，但前者指開始某項工作，后者指該計劃本身要仔細審閱一下，意思有所不同）3.wentout4goingon5wentoff6goeswith,goto7gounder,gofor8gointo9going,goto,gofor,goalongwith,wentcrazy10gowith,gotogether5TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish1.這是個難得的機會。你要是讓它從身邊溜掉就太傻了。Thisisawonderfulopportunity.Youwouldbefoolishtoletitslipby.2.我們的出口和去年相比增加了百分之二十。Comparedwithlastyear,ourexportshaveincreasedby20%.(or…areupby20%/…h(huán)avegoneupby20%)3.因為沒有更好的詞，我們姑且稱之為“走后門主義吧”吧。Forwantofsbetterword,let’scallit“backdoorism”.4.這個年輕人喜歡修理擺弄東西。他可以說是個萬金油。Thisyoungmanisfondoffixingthings.HeissomethingofaJackofalltrades.5.和他們父母一代相