2022-2023學(xué)年天津市和平區(qū)高二下學(xué)期期末質(zhì)量英語試卷（解析版）

高級(jí)中學(xué)名校試卷PAGEPAGE1天津市和平區(qū)2022-2023學(xué)年高二下學(xué)期期末質(zhì)量英語試卷第Ⅰ卷選擇題(共60分)第一部分：英語知識(shí)運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)：單項(xiàng)填空(共10小題;每小題1分，滿分10分)從A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。1.—Readingisthebestwaytopasstimeonthetrain.—.Inevergotravelingwithoutabook.A.Idon’tthinkso B.YouarejokingC.Itsoundslikefun D.That’strue〖答案〗D【詳析】考查情景交際。句意：——閱讀是在火車上消磨時(shí)間的最佳方式?！獩]錯(cuò)。我旅行時(shí)都會(huì)帶上書。A.Idon’tthinkso我不認(rèn)為這樣；B.Youarejoking你開玩笑吧；C.Itsoundslikefun聽起來很有趣；D.That’strue沒錯(cuò)。根據(jù)“Inevergotravelingwithoutabook.”可知，同意對(duì)方觀點(diǎn)，確實(shí)在火車上讀書消磨時(shí)間。故選D。2.—Lydia,whatdidyouhearourteachersaidjustnow?—Everyboyandeverygirlaswellastheteacherswhotoleadthegroupaskedtobeattheschoolgatebefore6:30inthemorning.A.is;is B.are;are C.are;is D.is;are〖答案〗C【詳析】考查主謂一致。句意：——Lydia，你剛才聽到我們老師說了什么？——每個(gè)男孩和每個(gè)女孩都和領(lǐng)導(dǎo)小組的老師被要求在早晨6:30前到達(dá)學(xué)校門口。第一空分析句子可知，who引導(dǎo)的定語從句修飾theteachers，且在從句中作主語，從句謂語動(dòng)詞使用復(fù)數(shù)形式，be動(dòng)詞使用are；第二空aswellas引導(dǎo)并列主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞與前面的主語保持一致；everyboyandeverygirl作主語，謂語動(dòng)詞使用第三人稱單數(shù)形式，be動(dòng)詞使用is。故選C。3.—IthinkTonywillgiveusahand.—Don’tit.Heissobusy.A.agreeto B.bankon C.takein D.copewith〖答案〗B【詳析】考查動(dòng)詞短語詞義辨析。句意：——我想托尼會(huì)幫我們的。——?jiǎng)e指望它。他太忙了。A.agreeto同意；B.bankon指望；依靠；C.takein理解；欺騙；D.copewith對(duì)付；處理。根據(jù)“Heissobusy.”可知，托尼很忙，不要指望他會(huì)幫忙。故選B。4.Themostpleasantthingoftherainyseasoniswecanbeentirelyfreefromdust.A.where B.which C.that D.how〖答案〗C【詳析】考查表語從句。句意：雨季最令人愉悅的就是我們可以完全不再受到沙塵的困擾。is后跟從句作表語，即表語從句，表語從句的句意和句子結(jié)構(gòu)完整，應(yīng)用只起連接作用、無實(shí)意的that引導(dǎo)。故選C。5.WhenIstartedmyPhDandrealizedthatIwouldneedfinancialhelp,ItothestudentadviceofficeandtoldthemthatIamacareer.A.wouldgo B.hadgone C.went D.wasgoing〖答案〗C【詳析】考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意：當(dāng)我開始攻讀博士學(xué)位，意識(shí)到自己需要經(jīng)濟(jì)幫助時(shí)，我去了學(xué)生咨詢辦公室，告訴他們我是一名護(hù)工。根據(jù)并列連詞and后動(dòng)詞told可知，用一般過去時(shí)，陳述過去事情。故選C。6.Youmustsetrealisticforyourself,soyouareabletotrackyourgrowthinthelongrun.A.objectives B.occupation C.capacity D.reputation〖答案〗A【詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：你必須為自己設(shè)定現(xiàn)實(shí)的目標(biāo)，這樣你才能長期跟蹤自己的成長。A.objectives目標(biāo)；B.occupation職業(yè)；C.capacity能力；D.reputation名聲。根據(jù)“soyouareabletotrackyourgrowthinthelongrun.”可知，必須為自己設(shè)定現(xiàn)實(shí)的目標(biāo)。故選A。7.Peoplewithlowerbackpainshouldconsultaphysiciansskilledinherbalmedicinesbeforetakingmedicineduetoseveresideeffects.A.particularly B.rarely C.urgently D.potentially〖答案〗D【詳析】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：由于潛在的嚴(yán)重副作用，腰痛患者在服藥前應(yīng)咨詢精通草藥的醫(yī)生。A.particularly特別，尤其；B.rarely很少；C.urgently迫切地；D.potentially潛在地。根據(jù)“Peoplewithlowerbackpainshouldconsultaphysiciansskilledinherbalmedicinesbeforetakingmedicine”和常識(shí)可知，藥物有潛在的副作用。故選D。8.—Howareyougettingonyourtrialonthereuseofoldtires.—Thebossmyproposalastooexpensive.A.rejected B.evaluated C.polished D.boosted〖答案〗A【詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：——你的舊輪胎再利用試驗(yàn)進(jìn)行得怎么樣了？——老板以成本太高為由拒絕了我的建議。A.rejected拒絕；B.evaluated評(píng)估；C.polished擦亮；磨光；D.boosted提高。根據(jù)“astooexpensive.”可知，老板因?yàn)槌杀咎叨芙^了建議。故選A。9.—We’llgocampingthisweekend.—yougointhewild,takeafirstaidkitwithyou.Itcouldsaveyourlife.A.However B.Wherever C.Incase D.Unless〖答案〗C【詳析】考查連接詞詞義辨析。句意：我們這個(gè)周末去露營。如果你去野外，帶上急救箱。它可以救你的命。A.However無論如何；B.Wherever無論在哪里；C.Incase如果；D.Unless除非。根據(jù)“takeafirstaidkitwithyou.Itcouldsaveyourlife.”可知，如果去野外，要帶上急救箱，應(yīng)用incase引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句。故選C。10.Withobjectsfromsmallpocketwatchestoclocksoveronemeterinheight,eachoftheserequiresitsownuniquemethodrestoration.A.torange B.ranging C.ranged D.havingranged〖答案〗B【詳析】考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：從小懷表到一米多高的鐘表，每件文物都需要獨(dú)特的修復(fù)方法。此處為with+賓語+賓語補(bǔ)足語結(jié)構(gòu)，rangefrom...to...“從……到……范圍”，與賓語objects之間為主動(dòng)關(guān)系，應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在分詞，作賓語補(bǔ)足語。故選B。第二節(jié)：完形填空(共20小題;每小題1分，滿分20分)閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，然后從11~30各題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。Whilealotofundergraduateslivewithloudroommates,24-year-oldNikolaishareshishomewithover600noisyanimals.Itisno___11___heiscontinuouslygettinginterrupted.TwentyyearsagohisparentsboughtazooinDenmarkandstartedthefirstzooandrescuecentreforanimals.Twoyearsagohisdadunfortunately___12___cancerandhewasoutonhisownasagamedeveloper.Sohe___13___camehomeagaintohismotherto___14___thezooandattendtothe600animals.OwningazooisbusyworkwithNikolaitakingonmany___15___:feeding,cleaningandplayingwiththeanimals.600animalsmaysoundlike___16___butNikolaiactuallywantsthezooto___17___.Hehopesto___18___hisparents’goalandmakeitthegreatestrescuecentrefor___19___animalsinallofEurope.“Asitisarescuezoo,everything____20____alittlebitdifferentlythanitdidinthe____21____zoos.Becauseingeneralzoos,itusuallyhas____22____animals.Wefeelaneedanda(n)____23____tohelpwherewecan.Thus,we____24____thezoointoarescuezooinstead,”Nikolaioncesaid.Andthatmeanstakinginanimalsthathasbeentreated____25____orhasbeeninlaboratories.Andsomeofouranimalsmayhavesomescarsandsome____26____thatwehavetodealwithortreat.Havingtosupporthismotherandthezoo,Nikolaihascomeupwitha____27____waytocollectextramoney:amobileappgameaboutthezoo.Thegame’s____28____willgotovariouscharities.Nikolaibelievesthemoney____29____willsurelyhelprealizehisfamily’s____30____ofmakingtheirrescuecentrethebiggest.11.A.doubt B.wonder C.pleasure D.use12.A.cameacross B.appealedto C.diedof D.wentthrough13.A.lately B.occasionally C.constantly D.instantly14.A.guard B.manage C.decorate D.construct15.A.events B.projects C.jobs D.performances16.A.richness B.plenty C.maximum D.majority17.A.root B.grow C.last D.survive18.A.achieve B.assume C.estimate D.establish19.A.rare B.nice C.living D.extinct20.A.reflects B.focuses C.responds D.functions21.A.traditional B.historical C.royal D.formal22.A.priceless B.fortunate C.expensive D.perfect23.A.command B.affection C.responsibility D.schedule24.A.introduced B.registered C.directed D.transformed25.A.cruelly B.carefully C.aimlessly D.sincerely26.A.results B.effects C.marks D.diseases27.A.creative B.complex C.common D.universal28.A.funds B.scores C.profits D.allowances29.A.spared B.raised C.saved D.charged30.A.policy B.suggestion C.dream D.prediction〖答案〗11.B12.C13.D14.B15.C16.B17.B18.A19.A20.D21.A22.D23.C24.D25.A26.D27.A28.C29.B30.C【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了尼古拉和他的母親經(jīng)營一家收容所，照顧600多動(dòng)物。為了增加收入，Nikolai設(shè)計(jì)了一款關(guān)于收容所的手機(jī)游戲。他的目標(biāo)是讓收容所成為歐洲最大的稀有動(dòng)物救援中心?！?1題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：難怪他總是被打斷。A.doubt懷疑；B.wonder奇怪；C.pleasure愉快；D.use使用。根據(jù)“24-year-oldNikolaishareshishomewithover600noisyanimals.”和“heiscontinuouslygettinginterrupted.”可知，24歲的尼古拉和600多只吵鬧的動(dòng)物住在一起，所以他總是被打擾一點(diǎn)也不奇怪。故選B?！?2題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞短語詞義辨析。句意：兩年前，他的父親不幸死于癌癥，而他則獨(dú)自成為了一名游戲開發(fā)者。A.cameacross偶遇；B.appealedto呼吁；C.diedof死于；D.wentthrough經(jīng)歷。根據(jù)“unfortunately”可知，尼古拉的父親不幸因癌癥去世。故選C?！?3題詳析】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：于是，他立刻回到了母親身邊，管理動(dòng)物園，照顧600只動(dòng)物。A.lately最近；B.occasionally偶爾地；C.constantly不斷地；D.instantly立即地。根據(jù)“Twoyearsagohisdadunfortunately_____cancerandhewasoutonhisownasagamedeveloper.”可知，尼古拉的父親不幸因癌癥去世，所以他立即搬回家，幫母親打理動(dòng)物園。故選D。【14題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：于是，他立刻回到了母親身邊，管理動(dòng)物園，照顧600只動(dòng)物。A.guard看守；B.manage管理；C.decorate裝飾；D.construct建造。根據(jù)“thezooandattendtothe600animals.”可知，尼古拉立即回家，幫助母親管理動(dòng)物園。故選B?！?5題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：擁有一家動(dòng)物園是一項(xiàng)繁忙的工作，尼古拉承擔(dān)了許多工作：喂養(yǎng)，清潔和與動(dòng)物玩耍。A.events事件；B.projects項(xiàng)目；C.jobs工作；D.performances表現(xiàn)。根據(jù)“feeding,cleaningandplayingwiththeanimals.”可知，經(jīng)營動(dòng)物園是一份繁忙的工作。故選C?！?6題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：600只動(dòng)物可能聽起來很多，但尼古拉實(shí)際上希望動(dòng)物園能夠發(fā)展壯大。A.richness富裕；B.plenty豐富；許多；C.maximum最大量；D.majority大多數(shù)。根據(jù)“600animalsmaysoundlike”可知，600只動(dòng)物可能聽起來已經(jīng)夠多了。故選B?！?7題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：600只動(dòng)物可能聽起來很多，但尼古拉實(shí)際上希望動(dòng)物園能夠發(fā)展壯大。A.root生根；B.grow生長；擴(kuò)大；C.last持續(xù)；D.survive幸存。根據(jù)“Hehopesto______hisparents’goalandmakeitthegreatestrescuecentrefor______animalsinallofEurope.”可知，尼古拉希望動(dòng)物園能更大一些。故選B。【18題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：他希望能實(shí)現(xiàn)父母的目標(biāo)，讓這里成為全歐洲最大的珍稀動(dòng)物救助中心。A.achieve獲得；實(shí)現(xiàn)；B.assume假想；C.estimate估計(jì)；D.establish建立。根據(jù)“hisparents’goal”可知，尼古拉希望實(shí)現(xiàn)父母的目標(biāo)。故選A。【19題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：他希望能實(shí)現(xiàn)父母的目標(biāo)，讓這里成為全歐洲最大的珍稀動(dòng)物救助中心。A.rare罕見的；B.nice好的；C.living活著的；D.extinct滅絕的。根據(jù)“animalsinallofEurope.”可知，尼古拉希望建立全歐洲最大的珍稀動(dòng)物救助中心。故選A。【20題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：由于這是一個(gè)救援動(dòng)物園，所有的功能都與傳統(tǒng)動(dòng)物園有所不同。A.reflects反映；B.focuses集中；C.responds回復(fù)；D.functions運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)；起作用。根據(jù)“alittlebitdifferentlythanitdidinthe______zoos.”可知，動(dòng)物救援中心的一切運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)方式都和傳統(tǒng)動(dòng)物園有所不同。故選D。【21題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：由于這是一個(gè)救援動(dòng)物園，所有的功能都與傳統(tǒng)動(dòng)物園有所不同。A.traditional傳統(tǒng)的；B.historical歷史的；C.royal皇家的；D.formal正式的。根據(jù)“Becauseingeneralzoos,”可知，此處表示動(dòng)物救援中心與傳統(tǒng)動(dòng)物園有所不同。故選A?！?2題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：因?yàn)樵谝话愕膭?dòng)物園里，動(dòng)物一般相對(duì)比較完好。A.priceless無價(jià)的；B.fortunate幸運(yùn)地；C.expensive昂貴的；D.perfect完美的。根據(jù)“Becauseingeneralzoos,”可知，在一般的動(dòng)物園里，動(dòng)物一般相對(duì)比較完好。故選D?！?3題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我們感到有必要也有責(zé)任盡我們所能提供幫助。A.command命令；B.affection影響；C.responsibility責(zé)任；D.schedule日程。根據(jù)“tohelpwherewecan.”可知，此處指尼古拉認(rèn)為他們有必要和有責(zé)任在力所能及的地方提供幫助。故選C。【24題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：因此，我們把動(dòng)物園變成了一個(gè)救援動(dòng)物園。A.introduced介紹；B.registered登記；C.directed指示；D.transformed改變；變成。根據(jù)“thezoointoarescuezooinstead,”可知，尼古拉把普通動(dòng)物園變成了一個(gè)救援性的動(dòng)物園。故選D?！?5題詳析】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：這意味著要收養(yǎng)那些被殘酷對(duì)待或在實(shí)驗(yàn)室里待過的動(dòng)物。A.cruelly殘酷地；B.carefully仔細(xì)地；C.aimlessly漫無目的地；D.sincerely真誠地。根據(jù)“orhasbeeninlaboratories.”可知，一項(xiàng)收養(yǎng)的動(dòng)物被虐待過，即被殘忍地對(duì)待過。故選A。【26題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我們的一些動(dòng)物可能會(huì)有一些疤痕和一些疾病，我們必須處理或治療。A.results結(jié)果；B.effects影響；C.marks分?jǐn)?shù)；D.diseases疾病。根據(jù)“thatwehavetodealwithortreat.”可知，一些動(dòng)物可能有他們必須處理或治療的一些傷疤和疾病。故選D?！?7題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：為了養(yǎng)活母親和動(dòng)物園，尼古拉想出了一個(gè)創(chuàng)造性的辦法來賺外快：一款關(guān)于動(dòng)物園的手機(jī)應(yīng)用游戲。A.creative有創(chuàng)造力的；B.complex復(fù)雜的；C.common共同的；D.universal普遍的。根據(jù)“amobileappgameaboutthezoo.”可知，尼古拉想出了一個(gè)用創(chuàng)建app來籌錢，一個(gè)有創(chuàng)意的方法。故選A?！?8題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：游戲的收益將捐給各種慈善機(jī)構(gòu)。A.funds基金；B.scores分?jǐn)?shù)；C.profits利潤；D.allowances津貼。根據(jù)“tocollectextramoney”和常識(shí)可知，尼古拉通過一款關(guān)于動(dòng)物園的手機(jī)應(yīng)用游戲籌集到的額外的錢。所以此處指的是游戲的利潤。故選C?！?9題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：尼古拉相信，籌集到的錢一定會(huì)幫助他的家人實(shí)現(xiàn)把他們的救援中心變成最大的救援中心的夢(mèng)想。A.spared抽出；B.raised提高；籌集；C.saved拯救；D.charged要價(jià)。根據(jù)“Nikolaihascomeupwitha______waytocollectextramoney:amobileappgameaboutthezoo.”可知，此處是指籌到的錢。故選B?！?0題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：尼古拉相信，籌集到的錢一定會(huì)幫助他的家人實(shí)現(xiàn)把他們的救援中心變成最大的救援中心的夢(mèng)想。A.policy政策；B.suggestion建議；C.dream夢(mèng)想；D.prediction預(yù)測(cè)。根據(jù)“ofmakingtheirrescuecentrethebiggest.”可知，尼古拉相信籌集到的資金能幫助他的家人實(shí)現(xiàn)夢(mèng)想，使他們的動(dòng)物園成為歐洲最大的動(dòng)物救援中心。故選C。第二部分：閱讀理解(共15小題;每小題2分，滿分30分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AFourHikingTrailsforFamilyToursBledsoeCreekStateParkTheShorelineTrail(小路)istheeasiestforyourwalkingwithyourkids.Itis2.1milesinnaturalenvironments.Don’toverlooktheReadingRangerStoryTrail,whichisahalf-milepavedloop(環(huán)路)accessedfromthevisitorcenter.Enlargedpagesfromchildren’sbooksareplacedalongthetrailsothatchildrencanreadrandexplore.400ZieglersFortRoad,Gallatin,615-452-3706BeamanParkNatureCenterTheHenryHollowLoopcanbefollowedslowlyoratafastpace.PartofthelooprunsalongHenryCreek.Trailsherearedesignedtosuitpeoplehavingdifferentinterests,soyoucandecidewhatyouwanttodowithyourkids.Andtheyarepet-friendly,too.5911OldHickoryBlvd,Nashville,615-862-8580RadnorLakeStateParkRadnorLakeStateParkisfamousforitsbeautifulnaturalscenerythroughouttheyear.Itisthepeakseasonwhenthemapleleavesturnredandtheweathercoolsdownalittle.ThereisthewonderfulRadnorLakeTrail,partlypaved,partlywooded.Followingthistrail,kidswillloveseeingturtlessunningthemselvesonlakebranches.Also,parentscangetaccesstofreebabycarriagesatthegateofthepark.1160OtterCreekRoad,Nashville,615-373-3467WarnerParkNatureCenterStopatthenaturecentertopickupamapofthediversetrails.Trailsareopenfromdaybreakto11p.m.TheLittleAcornTrailisa150-yardloop,includingfivestopsspeciallybuiltforchildrenaged6andunder.However,youarenotallowedtotakebabycarriagesinthepark.Parentshavetorentthematthevisitorcenter.7311Highway1,Nashville,615-862-855531.Wheredoparentsprobablygowiththeirlittlereaders?A.7311Highway100,Nashville.B.400ZieglersFortRoad,Gallatin.C.5911OldHickoryBlvd,Nashville.D.1160OtterCreekRoad,Nashville.32.WhenisRadnorLakeStateParkmostfrequentlyvisited?A.Inspring. B.Insummer. C.Inautumn. D.Inwinter.33.WhatisthedisadvantageofWarnerParkNatureCenter?A.Itisforbiddentotakepetsthere.B.Ithasshortbusinesshours.C.Ithasanagelimitforhikers.D.Itchargesparentsforbabycarriages.〖答案〗31.B32.C33.D【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章推薦了四條適合家長帶孩子遠(yuǎn)足的路線?！?1題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)BledsoeCreekStatePark部分的“Enlargedpagesfromchildren’sbooksareplacedalongthetrailsothatchildrencanreadrandexplore.(兒童讀物的放大頁沿著小徑被替換，讓孩子們可以閱讀和探索。)”和“400ZieglersFortRoad,Gallatin,615-452-3706(加勒廷齊格勒堡路400號(hào)，615-452-3706)”可知，布萊德索溪州立公園里有一條路線可以供孩子們閱讀和探索，它的地址是加勒廷齊格勒堡路400號(hào)。故選B?！?2題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)RadnorLakeStatePark部分的“RadnorLakeStateParkisfamousforitsbeautifulnaturalscenerythroughouttheyear.Itisthepeakseasonwhenthemapleleavesturnredandtheweathercoolsdownalittle.(拉德諾湖州立公園以其全年美麗的自然風(fēng)光而聞名。當(dāng)楓葉變紅，天氣變涼的時(shí)候是旺季。)”可推斷，秋季是拉德諾湖州立公園游客最多的時(shí)候。故選C?！?3題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)WarnerParkNatureCenter部分的“However,youarenotallowedtotakebabycarriagesinthepark.Parentshavetorentthematthevisitorcenter.(但是，你不允許在公園里乘坐嬰兒車。家長必須在游客中心租用。)”可知，華納公園自然中心的缺點(diǎn)在于嬰兒車是收費(fèi)的。故選D。B22-year-oldNewJerseyresidentJoeDiMeohadararefaceandhandstransplantlastAugust.In2019,DiMeofellasleepatthewheelafterworkinganightshiftasaproducttesterforadrugcompany.Thecarhitapoleflippedover,andburstintoflames.AnotherdriverwhosawtheaccidentpulledovertorescueDiMeo.Afterward,heunderwent20surgeriesandmanyskingraftstotreathisthird-degreeburns.Onceitbecameclearthattraditionalsurgeriescouldn’thelphimregainfullvisionoruseofhishands,DiMeo’smedicalteambeganpreparingfortheriskytransplant.Almostimmediately,theteamencounteredchallengesincludingfindingadonor.However,abouttwoyearslatertheteamfinallyidentifiedadonorinDelawareandcompletedthe23-hourprocedureafewdayslater.USsurgeonshavecompletedatleast18facetransplantsand35handtransplants,accordingtotheUnitedNetworkforOrganSharing(UNOS),whichoverseesthenation’stransplantsystem.Butthefaceanddoublehandtransplantisextremelyrareandhadonlybeentriedtwicebefore.Thefirstattemptwasin2009onapatientinPariswhodiedaboutamonthlaterfromcomplications.Twoyearslater,Bostondoctorstrieditagainonawoman,buthadtoremovethetransplantedhandsdayslater.Aswithanytransplant,thedangerofrejectionisthehighestearlyon,butlastsendlessly.“You’reneverfreefromthatrisk,”adoctorsaid.“Transplantationforanypatientisaprocessthatplaysoutoveralongperiodoftime.”Still,thedoctorwasamazedtoseethatDiMeowasabletomasterskillslikezippinguphisjacketandputtingonhisshoes.“It’sverypleasingandsatisfyingtoallofus.”Sofar,DiMeohasnotshownanysignsofrejectinghisnewfaceorhands.“Yougotanewchanceatlife.Youreallycan’tgiveup,”hesaid.34.WhydidDiMeoneedsurgeries?A.Hegotinjuredafterbeinghitbyanotherdriver. B.Hehadanaccidentduringhisshift.C.Hewastestedforadrugcompany. D.Hegotburnedinacaraccident.35.Whatdifficultydidthemedicalteamexperience?A.Lackofdonors. B.Repeatedsurgeries.C.Seriouscomplications. D.Nopreviouspracticetofollow.36.WhydidtheauthormentionthetwosurgeriesinParagraph3?A.Toprovemedicaltechnologyhasgreatlyadvanced.B.Toexplainaboutthedangersofsuchsurgeries.C.ToshowDiMeo’soperationwasasuccess.D.Tostresssuchsurgeriesshouldbeavoided.37.Whatcanweinferfromthedoctor’swordsinthelastbutoneparagraph?A.Itispossibletoavoidthedangerofrejection.B.DiMeo’simprovementgavethemasenseofpride.C.Transplantationisalife-savingchanceforpatients.D.itisimpossibleforanyhigh-riskpatienttorecover.〖答案〗34.D35.A36.B37.B【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要說明了DiMeo在車禍中燒傷了臉和手，接受了罕見的面部和手部移植手術(shù)。【34題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“In2019,DiMeofellasleepatthewheelafterworkinganightshiftasaproducttesterforadrugcompany.Thecarhitapoleflippedover,andburstintoflames.(2019年，DiMeo在一家制藥公司擔(dān)任產(chǎn)品測(cè)試員，上完夜班后在開車時(shí)睡著了。汽車撞上了電線桿，翻了過來，然后起火了)”以及第二段“Afterward,heunderwent20surgeriesandmanyskingraftstotreathisthird-degreeburns.(之后，他接受了20次手術(shù)和多次皮膚移植來治療他的三度燒傷)”可知，DiMeo需要手術(shù)是因?yàn)樗谲嚨溨斜粺齻?。故選D。【35題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Onceitbecameclearthattraditionalsurgeriescouldn’thelphimregainfullvisionoruseofhishands,DiMeo’smedicalteambeganpreparingfortheriskytransplant.Almostimmediately,theteamencounteredchallengesincludingfindingadonor.(一旦意識(shí)到傳統(tǒng)手術(shù)無法幫助他恢復(fù)完全的視力或雙手的使用，DiMeo的醫(yī)療團(tuán)隊(duì)就開始為危險(xiǎn)的移植手術(shù)做準(zhǔn)備。幾乎立即，團(tuán)隊(duì)就遇到了包括尋找捐贈(zèng)者在內(nèi)的挑戰(zhàn))”可知，醫(yī)療隊(duì)遇到的困難是缺乏捐助者。故選A。【36題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“Butthefaceanddoublehandtransplantisextremelyrareandhadonlybeentriedtwicebefore.Thefirstattemptwasin2009onapatientinPariswhodiedaboutamonthlaterfromcomplications.Twoyearslater,Bostondoctorstrieditagainonawoman,buthadtoremovethetransplantedhandsdayslater.(但面部和雙手移植手術(shù)極為罕見，此前只進(jìn)行過兩次。第一次嘗試是2009年在巴黎對(duì)一名患者進(jìn)行的，該患者在大約一個(gè)月后死于并發(fā)癥。兩年后，波士頓的醫(yī)生在一名女性身上再次進(jìn)行了試驗(yàn)，但幾天后不得不移除移植的雙手)”可推知，作者在第3段提到這兩個(gè)手術(shù)是為了解釋這類手術(shù)的危險(xiǎn)。故選B?！?7題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Still,thedoctorwasamazedtoseethatDiMeowasabletomasterskillslikezippinguphisjacketandputtingonhisshoes.“It’sverypleasingandsatisfyingtoallofus.”(盡管如此，醫(yī)生還是驚訝地發(fā)現(xiàn)，DiMeo能夠掌握拉上夾克拉鏈和穿鞋等技能?！斑@對(duì)我們所有人來說都是非常愉快和滿意的?！?”推知，DiMeo的進(jìn)步讓醫(yī)生們感到自豪。故選B。CChatGPTisanartificial-intelligencechatbotdevelopedbySanFrancisco-basedAIresearchcompanyOpenAI.ReleasedinNovember2022,itcanhaveconversationsontopicsfromhistorytophilosophy,generatelyricsinthestyleofTaylorSwiftorBillyJoel,andsuggesteditsforcomputerprogrammingcode.ChatGPTistrainedonavastcompilationofarticles,websitesandsocial-mediapostscollectedfromtheInternetaswellasreal-timeconversations—primarilyinEnglish—withhumanshiredbyOpenAI.Itlearnstomimicthegrammarandstructureofthewritingandreflectsfrequently-usedphrases.Thechatbotisn’talwaysaccurate:itssourcesaren’tfact-checkedanditreliesonhumanfeedbacktoimproveitsaccuracy.OpenAIdevelopedChatGPTaspartofastrategytobuildAIsoftwarethatwillhelpthecompanyturnaprofit.InJanuary,Microsoftunveiledafreshmultibillion-dollarinvestmentinOpenAIandsaiditplannedtoaddChatGPTintoitsBingsearchappandotherproducts.CompetitorsGoogleandBaiduarepushingtolaunchsimilartools.ChatGPTisfree.OpenAIreleasedthechatbotasaresearchpreviewanduserscantryitthroughaparticularwebsite.InFebruary,OpenAIalsolaunchedahigh-levelversionfor$20amonth,startingintheUS,thatwillgivesubscriberspriorityaccess.MediacompaniesincludingBuzzFeedandthepublisherofSportsIllustratedhaveannouncedplanstogeneratecontentsuchasquizzesandarticleswithChatGPT.Someschoolshaveblockedaccesstotheserviceontheirnetworkstoreducecheating,whileothersareactivelyencouragingstudentstousethetoolsethically(道德上).AIchatbotsandothergenerativeAIprogramsaremirrorstothedatatheyconsume.Theyrepeatandremixwhattheyarefedtobothgreateffectandgreatfailure.Transformer-basedAIprogramfailuresareparticularlydifficulttopredictandcontrolbecausetheprogramsrelyonsuchvastquantitiesofdatathatitisalmostimpossibleforthedeveloperstograspwhatthatdatacontains.ChatGPT,forexample,willsometimesanswerquestionscorrectlyontopicswhereitgainedhigh-qualitysourcesandfrequentlytalkedwithitshumantrainers.ItwillrespondnonsensetotopicsthatcontainalotofmisinformationontheInternetsuchasconspiracytheories.SomeartistshavealsosaidthatAIimagegeneratorscopytheirartworkandthreatentheirlivelihoods,whilesoftwareengineershavesaidthatcodegeneratorsriplargeamountsoftheircode.38.Whydoestheauthormention“TaylorSwift”inParagraph1?A.Tointroduceatopic. B.Toadvertiseaproduct.C.Tomakeaprediction. D.Topresentafact.39.WhichofthefollowingmadeOpenAIdevelopChatGPT?A.Money. B.Research. C.Microsoft. D.GoogleandBaidu.40.What’sthemainideaofthelastparagraph?A.AIcanbewidelyused. B.AIshouldnotbeusedintheartfield.C.ManypeopleobjecttotheuseofAI. D.TheuseofAIshouldbeforbidden.41.Inwhichpartofanewspapercanyoureadthetext?A.Environment. B.Technology. C.Lifestyle D.History.〖答案〗38.A39.A40.C41.B【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了人工智能ChatGPT的開發(fā)以及特點(diǎn)?！?8題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“ChatGPTisanartificial-intelligencechatbotdevelopedbySanFrancisco-basedAIresearchcompanyOpenAI.ReleasedinNovember2022,itcanhaveconversationsontopicsfromhistorytophilosophy,generatelyricsinthestyleofTaylorSwiftorBillyJoel,andsuggesteditsforcomputerprogrammingcode.(ChatGPT是由總部位于舊金山的人工智能研究公司OpenAI開發(fā)的人工智能聊天機(jī)器人。它于2022年11月發(fā)布，可以就從歷史到哲學(xué)的話題進(jìn)行對(duì)話，以泰勒·斯威夫特或比利·喬爾的風(fēng)格創(chuàng)作歌詞，并為計(jì)算機(jī)編程代碼提供編輯建議)”可推知，作者在第一段提到“泰勒·斯威夫特”是為了引出一個(gè)話題。故選A?！?9題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“OpenAIdevelopedChatGPTaspartofastrategytobuildAIsoftwarethatwillhelpthecompanyturnaprofit.(OpenAI開發(fā)ChatGPT是其開發(fā)人工智能軟件戰(zhàn)略的一部分，該軟件將幫助該公司實(shí)現(xiàn)盈利)”可知，盈利促使OpenAI開發(fā)ChatGPT。故選A?！?0題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)最后一段“SomeartistshavealsosaidthatAIimagegeneratorscopytheirartworkandthreatentheirlivelihoods,whilesoftwareengineershavesaidthatcodegeneratorsriplargeamountsoftheircode.(一些藝術(shù)家還表示，人工智能圖像生成器復(fù)制了他們的作品，威脅到了他們的生計(jì)，而軟件工程師則表示，代碼生成器竊取了他們的大量代碼)”可知，最后一段的主旨是許多人反對(duì)使用人工智能。故選C。【41題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“ChatGPTisanartificial-intelligencechatbotdevelopedbySanFrancisco-basedAIresearchcompanyOpenAI.ReleasedinNovember2022,itcanhaveconversationsontopicsfromhistorytophilosophy,generatelyricsinthestyleofTaylorSwiftorBillyJoel,andsuggesteditsforcomputerprogrammingcode.(ChatGPT是由總部位于舊金山的人工智能研究公司OpenAI開發(fā)的人工智能聊天機(jī)器人。它于2022年11月發(fā)布，可以就從歷史到哲學(xué)的話題進(jìn)行對(duì)話，以泰勒·斯威夫特或比利·喬爾的風(fēng)格創(chuàng)作歌詞，并為計(jì)算機(jī)編程代碼提供編輯建議)”結(jié)合文章主要介紹了人工智能ChatGPT的開發(fā)以及特點(diǎn)?？赏浦恼逻x自“技術(shù)”部分。故選B。DDowhatyoulove,andyou’llneverworkanotherdayinyourlife.We’veheardthatopinioncountlesstimes.Butdoesitevenringtrue?Infact,Ithinkit’sperfectlynormaltoloveyourjobandsimultaneously(同時(shí)發(fā)生的)recognizethefactthatit’shardwork.That’sright!Sometimesyoumayfeelstressed,overwhelmedoreventiredout.Itdoesn’tmeanthatyou’reinthewronglineofwork.Thinkbacktowhenyouwerealittlekid.Doyourememberwhatyouranswerwaswhenpeopleleanedforwardandinquiredaboutwhatyouwantedtobewhenyougrewup?Well,IalwaystoldpeopleIwantedtobeabird.Havingpassionsandinterestsisencouraged.Butfindingwhatyouloveisonlyhalftheequation.Youneedtobeabletomakealivingdoingit.Real-lifepressuresrequireustopursueavenuesthatareabletoprovideuswithadecentandcomfortablestandardofliving.Workandplayaretwovastlydifferentthings.Workrequireseffortinordertopaythebillsandputfoodonthetable,whereasplayisallaboutfunandenjoyment.Ifyou’relucky,you’llbeabletoincorporatesomeofthatjoyandpassionintoyourdailyroutine.Butthatdefinitelydoesn’tmeanthatyourentirecareerwillbeawalkinthepark.Addinginthatpressureandtheexpectationofpaymentisexactlywhatseparatesyourjobfromeverythingelse.Unlikefun,workisn’talwayssomethingthatyouwanttodo—it’ssomethingthatyouneedtodo.And,chancesare,whenwhatyouloveturnsintoyourjob,youmightnotloveitasmuchanymore.Prettymucheverypositioncomesalongwithatleastafewdemandingtasksorresponsibilitiesthatwillsimplyneverbeenjoyable.Maybeyouhatethequarterlyboardmeeting.Perhapsyousimplycan’tstandfillingoutyourmonthlyexpensereport.Whateveritis,there’sundoubtedlyacertainaspectofyourdailyroutinethatmakesyousay,“Ugh.”Butrememberthatlovingyourjobisawonderfulthing.Lovingyourlivelihoodrequiresagreatdealofeffort.It’sprettymuchhumannaturetoenjoythethingswe’regoodat.Andinordertobegoodatyourposition,youneedtoputinsomeelbowgrease.Oftentimes,it’snotjusttheworkthatwelove.It’stherewardandsatisfactionwegetafterdoingitwell:Andweallknowthatgettingthingsdonewellinvolvesexertingourselves.It’sanever-endingcycle.42.WhydoestheauthormentionthechildhooddreaminParagraph2?A.Tostresstheimportanceofinterests.B.Toremindthegoodtimesofchildhood.C.Tomakeacomparisonwitharealisticcareer.D.Toencouragepeopletosticktooriginaldreams.43.WhatdoestheauthormainlytalkaboutinParagraph4?A.People’sdailyroutineofwork.B.Somerulesoftheworkplace.C.Tasksfordifferentpositions.D.Theannoyingpartofwork.44.Whatdoestheunderlinedpart“elbowgrease”inParagraph5probablymean?A.Hardwork. B.Richrewards.C.Personalinterests. D.Goodexperiences.45.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.Thetruthaboutwork. B.Thedangersofwork.C.Thenecessityofwork. D.Thedifficultyofwork.〖答案〗42.C43.D44.A45.A【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇議論文。文章主要討論了工作的真諦。作者認(rèn)為我們熱愛的不僅僅是工作，還有可能是把事情做好后得到的獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)和滿足?！?2題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Havingpassionsandinterestsisencouraged.Butfindingwhatyouloveisonlyhalftheequation.Youneedtobeabletomakealivingdoingit.Real-lifepressuresrequireustopursueavenuesthatareabletoprovideuswithadecentandcomfortablestandardofliving.(鼓勵(lì)有激情和興趣。但是找到你喜歡的東西只是這個(gè)等式的一半。你需要能夠以此謀生?，F(xiàn)實(shí)生活的壓力要求我們追求能夠?yàn)槲覀兲峁w面和舒適生活水平的途徑。)”可知，文章第二段提到童年的夢(mèng)想是為了把夢(mèng)想和現(xiàn)實(shí)中的工作進(jìn)行比較?，F(xiàn)實(shí)生活的壓力要求我們追求能夠?yàn)槲覀兲峁w面和舒適生活水平的途徑。故選C?！?3題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第四段“Prettymucheverypositioncomesalongwithatleastafewdemandingtasksorresponsibilitiesthatwillsimplyneverbeenjoyable.Maybeyouhatethequarterlyboardmeeting.Perhapsyousimplycan’tstandfillingoutyourmonthlyexpensereport.(幾乎每個(gè)職位都至少有一些艱巨的任務(wù)或責(zé)任，這些任務(wù)或責(zé)任永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)讓人愉快。也許你討厭季度董事會(huì)。也許你只是無法忍受填寫每月的費(fèi)用報(bào)表。)”可知，第四段主要講述的是工作中令人不喜歡的部分。故選D?！?4題詳析】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)劃線單詞上文“Lovingyourlivelihoodrequiresagreatdealofeffort.It’sprettymuchhumannaturetoenjoythethingswe’regoodat.(熱愛你的生活需要付出很大的努力。享受我們擅長的事情是人類的本性。)”可知，如果想要表現(xiàn)好，我們需要付出的是努力。選項(xiàng)A“Hardwork.(努力工作)；選項(xiàng)B“Richrewards.(豐厚的報(bào)酬)”；選項(xiàng)C“Personalinterests.(個(gè)人興趣)”；選項(xiàng)D“Goodexperiences.(良好的經(jīng)歷)”。故選A?！?5題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Dowhatyoulove,andyou’llneverworkanotherdayinyourlife.We’veheardthatopinioncountlesstimes.Butdoesitevenringtrue?Infact,Ithinkit’sperfectlynormaltoloveyourjobandsimultaneously(同時(shí)發(fā)生的)recognizethefactthatit’shardwork.(做你喜歡做的事，你這輩子就不用再工作了。這種觀點(diǎn)我們已經(jīng)聽過無數(shù)次了。但這聽起來是真的嗎?事實(shí)上，我認(rèn)為既熱愛自己的工作，同時(shí)又意識(shí)到這份工作很辛苦，這是很正