廣東省惠州市惠東縣2023-2024學(xué)年高二上學(xué)期開(kāi)學(xué)英語(yǔ)試題（含答案解析）

惠東縣2023—2024學(xué)年第二學(xué)期高二年級(jí)開(kāi)學(xué)摸底考試英語(yǔ)試卷試卷共8頁(yè)，卷面滿分130分?？荚囉脮r(shí)120分鐘。注意事項(xiàng)：1.答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)填寫在答題卡上，并將準(zhǔn)考證條形碼粘貼在答題卡上的指定位置。2.回答選擇題時(shí)，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑。如需改動(dòng)，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號(hào)?；卮鸱沁x擇題時(shí)，用簽字筆直接將答案寫在答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)的答題區(qū)域內(nèi)。寫在試題卷、草稿紙和答題卡上的非答題區(qū)域均無(wú)效。3.考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分60分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題3分，滿分45分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。ABikeRental&GuidedToursWelcometoAmsterdam,welcometoMacBike.Youseemuchmorefromtheseatofabike!Cyclingisthemosteconomical,sustainableandfunwaytoexplorethecity,withitsbeautifulcanals,parks,squaresandcountlesslights.YoucanalsobikealonglovelylandscapesoutsideofAmsterdam.WhyMacBikeMacBikehasbeenaroundforalmost30yearsandisthebiggestbicyclerentalcompanyinAmsterdam.Withover2,500bikesstoredinourfiverentalshopsatstrategiclocations,wemakesurethereisalwaysabikeavailableforyou.Weofferthenewestbicyclesinawidevariety,includingbasicbikeswithfootbrake(剎車),bikeswithhandbrakeandgears(排擋),bikeswithchildseats,andchildren’sbikes.PricesHandBrake,ThreeGearsFootBrake,NoGears1hour€7.50€5.003hours€11.00€7.501day(24hours)€14.75€9.75Eachadditionalday€8.00€6.00GuidedCityToursThe2.5-hourtourcoverstheGooyerWindmill,theSkinnyBridge,theRijksmuseum,HeinekenBreweryandmuchmore.ThetourdepartsfromDamSquareeveryhouronthehour,startingat1:00pmeveryday.YoucanbuyyourticketinaMacBikeshoporbookonline.1.WhatisanadvantageofMacBike?A.Itgiveschildrenadiscount. B.Itoffersmanytypesofbikes.C.Itorganizesfreecycletours. D.Ithasover2500rentalshops.2.Howmuchdoyoupayforrentingabikewithhandbrakeandthreegearsfortwodays?A.€15.75. B.€19.50. C.€22.75. D.€29.50.3.Wheredoestheguidedcitytourstart?A.TheGooyer,Windmill. B.TheSkinnyBridge.C.HeinekenBrewery. D.DamSquare.【答案】1.B2.C3.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了在阿姆斯特丹進(jìn)行自行車租賃和雇傭?qū)в蔚牟僮鞣绞?，價(jià)格等細(xì)節(jié)?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Weofferthenewestbicyclesinawidevariety,includingbasicbikeswithfootbrake(剎車),bikeswithhandbrakeandgears(排擋),bikeswithchildseats,andchildren’sbikes.(我們提供種類繁多的最新自行車，包括有腳剎的基本自行車、有手剎和帶排擋的自行車、帶兒童座椅的自行車和兒童自行車)”可推知，MacBike的優(yōu)勢(shì)是它提供許多類型的自行車。故選B?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)定價(jià)表可知，租一輛帶手剎和三檔的自行車一天需要14.75歐元，額外增加天數(shù)每天8歐元。所以租一輛帶手剎和三檔的自行車兩天需要14.75+8=22.75歐元。故選C。【3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“ThetourdepartsfromDamSquareeveryhouronthehour,startingat1:00pmeveryday.(旅游團(tuán)每小時(shí)從大壩廣場(chǎng)出發(fā)，每天下午1點(diǎn)開(kāi)始)”可知，導(dǎo)游城市之旅從大壩廣場(chǎng)開(kāi)始。故選D?！军c(diǎn)睛】BWhenIwasaboygrowingupinNewJerseyinthe1960s,wehadamilkmandeliveringmilktoourdoorstep.HisnamewasMr.Basille.Heworeawhitecapanddroveawhitetruck.Asa5-year-oldboy,Icouldn’ttakemyeyesoffthecoinchangerfixedtohisbelt.Henoticedthisonedayduringadeliveryandgavemeaquarteroutofhiscoinchanger.Ofcourse,hedeliveredmorethanmilk.Therewascheese,eggsandsoon.Ifweneededtochangeourorder,mymotherwouldpenanote—“Pleaseaddabottleofbuttermilknextdelivery”—andplaceitintheboxalongwiththeemptybottles.Andthen,thebuttermilkwouldmagically(魔術(shù)般)appear.Allofthiswasaboutmorethanconvenience.Thereexistedacloserelationshipbetweenfamiliesandtheirmilkmen.Mr.Basilleevenhadakeytoourhouse,forthosetimeswhenitwassocoldoutsidethatweputtheboxindoors,sothatthemilkwouldn’tfreeze.AndIrememberMr.Basillefromtimetotimetakingabreakatourkitchentable,havingacupofteaandtellingstoriesabouthisdelivery.Thereissadlynohomemilkdeliverytoday.Bigcompaniesallowedtheproductionofcheapermilk,thusmakingitdifficultformilkmentocompete.Besides,milkisforsaleeverywhere,anditmayjustnothavebeenpracticaltohaveadeliveryservice.Recently,anoldmilkboxinthecountrysideIsawbroughtbackmychildhoodmemories.Itookithomeandplanteditonthebackporch(門廊).Everysooftenmyson’sfriendswillaskwhatitis.SoIstarttellingstoriesofmyboyhood,andofthemilkmanwhobroughtusfriendshipalongwithhismilk.4.Mr.Basillegavetheboyaquarteroutofhiscoinchangerto__________.A.showhismagicalpower B.payforthedeliveryC.satisfyhiscuriosity D.pleasehismother5.Whatcanbeinferredfromthefactthatthemilkmanhadthekeytotheboy’shouse?A.Hewantedtohaveteathere. B.Hewasarespectableperson.C.Hewastreatedasafamilymember. D.Hewasfullytrustedbythefamily.6.Whydoeshomemilkdeliverynolongerexist?A.Nobodywantstobeamilkmannow. B.Ithasbeendrivenoutofthemarket.C.Itsserviceisgettingpoor. D.Itisnotallowedbylaw.7.Whydidtheauthorbringbackhomeanoldmilkbox?A.Hemissedthegoodolddays. B.Hewantedtotellinterestingstories.C.Heneededitforhismilkbottles. D.Heplantedflowersinit.【答案】4.C5.D6.B7.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇記敘文。作者主要通過(guò)回憶少年時(shí)代送奶員給自己帶來(lái)的快樂(lè)，想念那時(shí)的歲月，逝去的總是美好的和有趣的。【4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Asa5-year-oldboy,Icouldn’ttakemyeyesoffthecoinchangerfixedtohisbelt.Henoticedthisonedayduringadeliveryandgavemeaquarteroutofhiscoinchanger.(作為一個(gè)5歲的男孩，我目不轉(zhuǎn)睛地盯著固定在他腰帶上的硬幣兌換器。有一天送貨時(shí)，他注意到了這一點(diǎn)，便從他的硬幣兌換機(jī)里掏出25美分給了我。)”可知，因?yàn)樽髡弋?dāng)時(shí)才5歲，對(duì)硬幣兌換器感興趣，感到好奇，所以為了滿足小男孩的好奇心，Mr.Basille從他的硬幣兌換器里拿出25美分給了他。故選C項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第三段“Thereexistedacloserelationshipbetweenfamiliesandtheirmilkmen.Mr.Basilleevenhadakeytoourhouse,forthosetimeswhenitwassocoldoutsidethatweputtheboxindoors,sothatthemilkwouldn'tfreeze.(各家各戶和送奶工之間關(guān)系密切。Basille先生甚至有我們家的鑰匙，當(dāng)外面太冷的時(shí)候，我們就把盒子放在室內(nèi)，這樣牛奶就不會(huì)結(jié)冰。)”可判斷，Mr.Basille完全得到作者家人的信任，所以才會(huì)有男孩家的鑰匙。故選D項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“Bigcompaniesallowedtheproductioncheapermilk,thusmakingitdifficultformilkmentocompete.Beside,milkisforsaleeverywhere,anditmayjustnothavebeenpracticaltohaveadeliveryservice.(大公司允許生產(chǎn)更便宜的牛奶，因此讓送奶工很難競(jìng)爭(zhēng)。此外，牛奶到處都可以買到，而提供送奶服務(wù)可能并不實(shí)際。)”可知，家庭送奶不再存在是因?yàn)樗湍坦o(wú)法提供比大公司更便宜的，更大量的牛奶，送奶工難以與之競(jìng)爭(zhēng)，所以送奶服務(wù)已經(jīng)被擠出市場(chǎng)。故選B項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章最后一段的“Recently,anoldmilkboxinthecountrysideIsawbroughtbackmychildhoodmemories.(最近，我在農(nóng)村看到的一個(gè)舊牛奶盒勾起了我童年的回憶。)”可知，最近，作者在鄉(xiāng)下看到一個(gè)舊牛奶盒，使作者想起了童年時(shí)牛奶工送奶到家的場(chǎng)景。所以作者把一個(gè)舊牛奶盒帶回家是因?yàn)樗麘涯钸^(guò)去的美好時(shí)光。故選A項(xiàng)。CNextmonth,I’mtravelingtoaremoteareaofCentralAfricaandmyaimistoknowenoughLingala—oneofthelocallanguages—tohaveaconversation.Iwasn’tsurehowIwasgoingtomanagethis—untilIdiscoveredawaytolearnallthevocabularyI’mgoingtoneed.ThankstoMemrise,theapplicationI’musing.Itfeelsjustlikeagame.“Peopleoftenstoplearningthingsbecausetheyfeelthey’renotmakingprogressorbecauseitallfeelsliketoomuchhardwork,”saysEdCooke,oneofthepeoplewhocreatedMemrise.“We’retryingtocreateaformoflearningexperiencethatisfunandissomethingyou’dwanttodoinsteadofwatchingTV.”Memrisegivesyouafewnewwordstolearnandtheseare“seeds”whichyouplantinyour“greenhouse”.Whenyoulearnthewords,you“wateryourplants”.Whentheapplicationbelievesthatyou’vereallymemorizedaword,itmovesthewordtoyour“garden”.Andifyouforgettologon,theapplicationsendsyouemails,remindingyouto“wateryourplants”.Theapplicationusestwoprinciplesaboutlearning.Thefirstisthatpeoplememorizethingsbetterwhentheylinkthemtoapictureintheirmind.Memrisetranslateswordsintoyourownlanguage,butitalsoencouragesyoutouse“mems”.Forexample,Imemorizedmotele,theLingalawordfor“engine”,usingamemIcreated—Iimaginedanoldengineinamotel(汽車旅館)room.Thesecondprincipleisthatweneedtostopafterstudyingwordsandthenrepeatthemagainlater,leavingtimebetweenstudysessions.Memrisehelpsyouwiththis,becauseit’sthekindofapplicationyouonlyuseforfiveortenminutesaday.I’velearnthundredsofLingalawordswithMemrise.Iknowthiswon’tmakemeafluentspeaker,butIhopeI’llbeabletodomorethanjustsmilewhenImeetpeopleinCongo.Now,IneedtogoandwatermyVocabulary!8.WhatdoesEdCookemakeanefforttodowithMemrise?A.Creatememorableexperiences. B.Makeprogresswithhardwork.C.LearningwordsinsteadofwatchingTV. D.Combinestudywithentertainment.9.Whatareyoudoingwhenyou“wateryourplants”?A.Loggingontotheapplication. B.BeingaMemriseuser.C.Practisingthevocabulary. D.Movingwordstoyourgarden.10.HowdoesMemrisework?A.Bylinkingdifferentmemstogether. B.Byputtingknowledgeintopractice.C.Byofferinghumantranslationservices. D.Byapplyinganassociativememoryapproach.11.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardsMemrise?A.Doubtful. B.Positive.C.Uninterested. D.Negative.【答案】8.D9.C10.D11.B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。作者介紹了一個(gè)學(xué)習(xí)外語(yǔ)的好幫手——Memrise。它是一款手機(jī)應(yīng)用軟件，旨在幫助使用者記單詞。其寓教于樂(lè)的學(xué)習(xí)方式很受作者的喜愛(ài)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。題干中的關(guān)鍵信息是EdCooke，由此可定位到文章的第二段，根據(jù)該段中的EdCooke,oneofthepeoplewhocreatedMemrise.“We’retryingtocreateaformoflearningexperiencethatisfunandissomethingyou’dwanttodoinsteadofwatchingTV.”可知，EdCooke創(chuàng)造Memrise的初衷就是使學(xué)習(xí)外語(yǔ)單詞不再枯燥乏味，他們嘗試用寓教于樂(lè)的學(xué)習(xí)方式讓使用者更好地學(xué)習(xí)單詞。故選D。【9題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)題干中的wateryourplants在文章中出現(xiàn)過(guò)兩次，所以要知道其真正含義應(yīng)該仔細(xì)閱讀原文中第一次出現(xiàn)這些詞語(yǔ)的地方，即第三段中的Memrisegivesyouafewnewwordstolearnandtheseare“seeds”whichyouplantinyour“greenhouse”.Whenyoulearnthewords,you“wateryourplants”.可知，Memrise會(huì)給你一些“種子”（單詞）讓你學(xué)習(xí)，當(dāng)你練習(xí)這些單詞的時(shí)候，你就是在給你的“花園”里的“指物”（單詞）“澆水”，所以這里“澆灌植物”指的是“學(xué)習(xí)新單詞”。故選C?！?0題詳解】推理判斷題。題干問(wèn)的是Memrise的運(yùn)行模式，因此可定位到第四段中的Theapplicationusestwoprinciplesaboutlearning.Thefirstisthatpeoplememorizethingsbetterwhentheylinkthemtoapictureintheirmind.及作者舉的例子可知，該軟件通過(guò)聯(lián)想記憶的方法幫助使用者記單詞。故選D?！?1題詳解】觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。該題問(wèn)的是作者的態(tài)度，因此應(yīng)該從文章中尋找作者使用該軟件后的心得、體會(huì)。從第一段中的ThankstoMemrise,theapplicationI’musing.Itfeelsjustlikeagame.及最后一段中的I’velearnthundredsofLingalawordswithMemrise.可知，作者通過(guò)Memrise學(xué)會(huì)了很多單詞，而且學(xué)習(xí)的過(guò)程也充滿了樂(lè)趣，所以他對(duì)該軟件的態(tài)度是認(rèn)可的。故選B。DPeopletendtoconnecttotheirculturalorethnicgroupthroughsimilarfoodpatterns.Immigrantsoftenusefoodasameansofmaintainingtheirculturalidentity.Peoplefromdifferentculturalbackgroundseatdifferentfoods.Theingredients,methodsofpreparation,preservationtechniques(技巧),andtypesoffoodeatenatdifferentmealtimesvaryamongcultures.Theareasinwhichfamiliesliveandwheretheirancestorsoriginatedinfluencefoodlikesanddislikes.Thesefoodpreferencesresultinpatternsoffoodchoiceswithinaculturalorregionalgroup.Nationsorcountriesarefrequentlyassociatedwithcertainfoods.Forexample,manypeopleassociateItalywithpizzaandpasta(意大利面食).YetItalianseatmanyotherfoods,andtypesofpastadishesvarythroughoutItaly.Methodsofpreparationandtypesoffoodinanationvarybyregion.SomefamiliesintheUnitedStatesprefertoeat“meatandpotatoes,”but“meatandpotatoes”arenoteatenonaregularbasis,norevenpreferred,bymanyintheUnitedStatesandwouldnotbelabeledanationalcuisine.Regionalfoodhabitsdoexistbuttheyalsochangeovertime.Aspeopleimmigrate,foodpracticesandpreferencesareimportedandexported.Familiesmovetootherlocations,bringingtheirfoodpreferenceswiththem.Theymayusetheiroldrecipeswithnewingredients,orexperimentwithnewrecipes.Inaddition,fooditselfisimportedfromothercountries.Approximately(大約)80percentofSamoa’sfoodrequirementsareimportedfromtheUnitedStates,NewZealand,orAustralia.Becausepeopleandfoodaremobile,attemptstocharacterizeacountryorpeoplebywhattheyeatareofteninaccurate.Eventheroleofconversationduringmealtimevariesfromplacetoplace.Manyfamiliesbelievethatmealtimeisagoodtimetocatchuponthelivesoffamilyandfriends.Amongotherfamilies,conversationduringamealisacceptable,butthetopicsofconversationarelimited.InsomeSoutheastAsiancountries,itisconsideredpolitetolimitconversationduringameal.Foodtraditionsvarywidelythroughouttheworld.However,inmostpartsoftheworld,foodisassociatedwithhospitality(好客)andexpressionoffriendship.Therefore,sensitivitytofoodrulesandcustomsisimportantinbuildingandstrengtheningcross-culturalrelationships.12.WhatcanbelearnedaboutItalians’eatinghabits?A.Theydifferfromregiontoregion. B.Theycenteronmeatandpotatoes.C.Theymainlyconsistofpizzaandpasta. D.TheyaresimilartoAmericaneatinghabits.13.WhatistheauthortryingtorevealwiththeexampleofSamoa?A.Peopleareformingnewfoodpreferences.B.Peoplecan’tbesimplydefinedbytheirfood.C.Peopledon’thavethesamefoodrequirements.D.Peoplearedevelopingalikingforinternationalfood.14.Whatdoestheunderlinedpart“catchupon”inparagraph4mean?A.Learnabout. B.Makeupfor.C.Continuewith. D.Makeadifferenceto.15.Whatadviceisgiveninthelastparagraph?A.Expressionoffriendshipshouldbeappropriate.B.Awarenessoffoodculturesshouldbedeveloped.C.Cross-culturalrelationshipsshouldbebuiltcontinually.D.Foodtraditionsshouldbepassedonfromgenerationtogeneration.【答案】12.A13.B14.A15.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是說(shuō)明文。文章主要說(shuō)明了不同種族、不同背景的人有不同的飲食文化，并舉例進(jìn)行了說(shuō)明?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“YetItalianseatmanyotherfoods,andtypesofpastadishesvarythroughoutItaly.Methodsofpreparationandtypesoffoodinanationvarybyregion.(然而，意大利人還吃很多其他的食物，意大利各地的面食種類也各不相同。一個(gè)國(guó)家的烹飪方法和食物種類因地區(qū)而異)”可知，不同地區(qū)的意大利人飲食習(xí)慣各不相同。故選A。【13題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中“Becausepeopleandfoodaremobile,attemptstocharacterizeacountryorpeoplebywhattheyeatareofteninaccurate.(因?yàn)槿撕褪澄锸橇鲃?dòng)的，試圖通過(guò)一個(gè)國(guó)家或人民的飲食來(lái)描述他們的特征往往是不準(zhǔn)確的)”可知，作者舉Samoa的例子是為了說(shuō)明人們不能單純以飲食定義一個(gè)國(guó)家或種族。故選B?！?4題詳解】詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)畫線詞后文“thelivesoffamilyandfriends”以及“Amongotherfamilies,conversationduringamealisacceptable,butthetopicsofconversationarelimited.InsomeSoutheastAsiancountries,itisconsideredpolitetolimitconversationduringameal.(在其他家庭中，吃飯時(shí)聊天是可以接受的，但談話的話題是有限的。在一些東南亞國(guó)家，吃飯時(shí)限制談話被認(rèn)為是禮貌的行為)”可知，吃飯的時(shí)候與家人朋友交流以“了解”他們的近況。故畫線詞的意思是“了解”。故選A。【15題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Foodtraditionsvarywidelythroughouttheworld.However,inmostpartsoftheworld,foodisassociatedwithhospitality(好客)andexpressionoffriendship.Therefore,sensitivitytofoodrulesandcustomsisimportantinbuildingandstrengtheningcross-culturalrelationships.(世界各地的飲食傳統(tǒng)差異很大。然而，在世界上大多數(shù)地方，食物與熱情好客和友誼的表達(dá)聯(lián)系在一起。因此，對(duì)飲食規(guī)則和習(xí)俗的敏感對(duì)于建立和加強(qiáng)跨文化關(guān)系很重要)”可知，作者認(rèn)為飲食是建立友誼的一座橋梁，所以我們要有一定的飲食文化意識(shí)，了解不同的飲食文化。故選B。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題3分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Lookingforawaytoconnectwithnaturebutyou'renotsurehowtowhenyouliveinthecity?Hereareafewwaystoliveinharmonywithnatureandreduceyourpressure.Goonawildlifewalk.There’slotsofurbanwildlifeforyoutodiscover,soyoucanreachouttoyourcityparkdepartmentstogetsomevaluableinformation.____16____.Awildlifewalkisoneoftheeasiestwaystoconnectwithnaturebecauseithelpsyoutorealizethatyou'resurrounded(圍繞)bynature.____17____.Nothingwillmakeyoufeelascloselyconnectedwiththeearthaswalkingwithoutshoesongrassforacoupleofminutes.Thisverydirectconnectionwithnaturewillmakeyourealizethatyou'repartofthehugeworld,helpingyoutorelaxandfeelcalmer.Attractnatureyourself.Oneofthebestwaystoconnectwithnatureistomakeitcometoyou.____18____.Youcanalsofillsometubs(盆)withflowerstoattractbutterflies.Createafriendlyplacefornatureandyou'resuretoattractallkindsofbeingspassingclosetoyourhome.Createasmallgarden.Plantsandflowersarepartofnatureaswellandeventhetiniestamountofspacecanbeturnedintoabeautifulgarden.Ifyou’vegotabalcony(陽(yáng)臺(tái)),fillitwithpotsfullofflowers.____19____.Imaginehowsatisfyingitwouldbetosharethemwithyourfriendsandfamily.Usethesetipsforconnectingwithnatureandlivingamorecomfortablelifestyleinabigcity.____20____.A.HaveawalkinaparkB.Takeoffyourshoesandwalkbarefoot(赤腳地)C.YoucangrowyourownvegetablesonitaswellD.Youcanputabirdfeeder(喂食器)onyourbalconyorbyyourwindowE.Meantime,thisisthebestmethodofimprovingyourhealthandwell-beingF.TheyoftenofferguidedwalkstohelpyouenjoythenaturalbeautyinyourcitiesG.It'sadifferentwayofexperiencingnaturehelpingyoutoenjoyitfromadifferentviewpoint【答案】16.F17.B18.D19.C20.E【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了生活在城市里親近大自然，與大自然和諧相處降低壓力的幾條建議?！?6題詳解】根據(jù)段落標(biāo)題“Goonawildlifewalk(去野外散步)”可知，本段建議進(jìn)行發(fā)現(xiàn)野生動(dòng)物的散步，空前提到“youcanreachouttoyourcityparkdepartmentstogetsomevaluableinformation(你可以向你市公園部門獲取一些有價(jià)值的信息)”說(shuō)明你可以從市公園部門獲取一些有效信息，F(xiàn)項(xiàng)“他們通常提供一些指導(dǎo)性的漫步，幫你享受你所在城市的自然之美”承接上文，符合題意。F項(xiàng)中的They指代上文中的“yourcityparkdepartments”。故選F項(xiàng)。【17題詳解】空格處為段落標(biāo)題。根據(jù)下文“Nothingwillmakeyoufeelascloselyconnectedwithearthaswalkingwithoutshoesongrassforacoupleofminutes.(沒(méi)有什么比不穿鞋在草地上走幾分鐘更能讓你感覺(jué)與地球緊密相連的了)”可知，本段建議在草地上不穿鞋子的行走，B項(xiàng)中的“walkbarefoot”符合，因此推斷B項(xiàng)“脫下鞋，赤腳走路”為段落標(biāo)題。故選B項(xiàng)?！?8題詳解】上文“Oneofthebestwaystoconnectwithnatureistomakeitcometoyou.(與自然建立聯(lián)系的最好方法之一就是讓它來(lái)到你身邊)”說(shuō)明接近自然的最好的方法之一是讓自然來(lái)到你身邊，下文“Youcanalsofillsometubs(盆)withflowerstoattractbutterflies.(你也可以在一些盆里種滿花來(lái)吸引蝴蝶)”建議了一種方式，用養(yǎng)花的盆來(lái)吸引蝴蝶，因此推斷空格處應(yīng)該也是選擇一種方式來(lái)吸引某個(gè)事物，D項(xiàng)“你可以在陽(yáng)臺(tái)上或窗戶上放一個(gè)喂鳥(niǎo)器”符合語(yǔ)境，用喂鳥(niǎo)器來(lái)吸引鳥(niǎo)類，也是一種大自然來(lái)到身邊的方式，和用花盆來(lái)吸引蝴蝶并列。故選D項(xiàng)?！?9題詳解】上文“Ifyou’vegotabalcony(陽(yáng)臺(tái)),fillitwithpotsfullofflowers.(如果你有一個(gè)陽(yáng)臺(tái)，放滿花盆)”意為種植一些花，又因下文的them可知，橫線處應(yīng)該代表種植某種植物，結(jié)合選項(xiàng)，C項(xiàng)“你也可以在它上面自己種蔬菜”符合語(yǔ)境，vegetable和flower相對(duì)應(yīng)，故選C項(xiàng)。【20題詳解】空格處是文章最后一句，根據(jù)上文“Usethesetipsforconnectingwithnatureandlivingamorecomfortablelifestyleinabigcity.(使用這些技巧與大自然聯(lián)系，在大城市過(guò)上更舒適的生活方式)”可知，應(yīng)該填寫一句總結(jié)性的話，全文都在解釋親近自然的好處，所以應(yīng)該首尾呼應(yīng)，也應(yīng)該填親近自然的好處之類的選項(xiàng)，根據(jù)選項(xiàng)的意思，E項(xiàng)“同時(shí)，這是改善你的健康和健康的最佳方法”符合語(yǔ)境，“thebestmethod”指的是和自然和諧相處的方式，符合首尾呼應(yīng)的原則，故選E項(xiàng)。第二部分語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分40分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。AtanairportIoverheardafatheranddaughterintheirlastmomentstogether.Theairlinehadannouncedherplane’s____21____andhesaidtohisdaughter,“Iloveyou.Iwishyouenough.”Shesaid,“Daddy,ourlifetogetherhasbeenmorethanenough.Your____22____isallIneeded.Iwishyouenough,too,Daddy.”Theykissedgood-byeandsheleft.Icouldseehewantedandneededtocry.Itriednotto____23____hisprivacy,buthewelcomedmeinbyasking.“Didyoueversaygood-byetosomeoneknowingitwouldbe____24____?”“Yes.”Ireplied.SayingthatbroughtbackmemoriesIhadofexpressingmyloveand____25____forallmyDadhaddoneforme.Recognizingthathisdayswere____26____,Ikepttellinghimfacetofacehowmuchhemeanttome.____27____,Iknewwhatthismanwasexperiencing.“Whyisthisaforevergood-bye?”Iasked.“Iamoldandshelivestoofaraway.Andthe____28____is,hernexttripbackwillbeformyfuneral(葬禮).”hesaid.“Whenyouweresayinggood-byeIheardyousay,‘Iwishyouenough’.Whatdoesthatmean?”Hebegantosmile.“That’sawishthathasbeen____29____fromothergenerations.Myparentsusedtosayittoeveryone.”Hepausedandlookedupasiftryingtorememberit_____30_____.Hesmiledevenmore.“Whenwesaid‘Iwishyouenough’,wewantedyoutohavealifefilledwithenoughgoodthingsto_____31_____you,”hecontinuedandsharedthefollowingasifhewererecitingitfrom_____32_____.“Iwishyouenoughsuntokeepyourattitudebright.Iwishyouenoughpainsothatthesmallest_____33_____inlifeappearsmuchbigger.Iwishyouenoughgaintosatisfyyourdesire.Iwishyouenoughlosstoappreciateallthatyou_____34_____.”Hethenbeganto_____35_____andwalkedaway.21.A.leaving B.arrival C.delay D.cancel22.A.grocery B.wealth C.reward D.love23.A.disturb B.evaluate C.shelter D.pursue24.A.temporary B.separate C.blank D.forever25.A.sympathy B.appreciation C.approval D.greatness26.A.precise B.numerous C.limited D.wasted27.A.Naturally B.Gradually C.Unexpectedly D.Hopefully28.A.dream B.secret C.chance D.reality29.A.carriedout B.handeddown C.worndown D.sortedout30.A.indetail B.inaction C.onpurpose D.withregret31.A.access B.host C.label D.support32.A.history B.text C.memory D.childhood33.A.sadness B.misfortune C.joy D.mistake34.A.abandon B.possess C.wonder D.expect35.A.smile B.weep C.freeze D.shout【答案】21.A22.D23.A24.D25.B26.C27.A28.D29.B30.A31.D32.C33.C34.B35.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了作者在機(jī)場(chǎng)看到一對(duì)父女離別時(shí)的場(chǎng)景，后來(lái)作者與這位父親聊天，他的話令作者感觸頗深?！?1題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：航空公司宣布她的飛機(jī)要起飛了，他對(duì)女兒說(shuō):“我愛(ài)你”。A.leaving離開(kāi)；B.arrival到達(dá)；C.delay延遲；D.cancel取消。根據(jù)上文“AtanairportIoverheardafatheranddaughterintheirlastmomentstogether.”可知，此處表示老人在送女兒離開(kāi)，所以航空公司宣布她的航班起飛。故選A。【22題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：你的愛(ài)就是我所需要的。A.grocery雜貨店；B.wealth財(cái)富；C.reward獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)；D.love愛(ài)。根據(jù)上文“hesaidtohisdaughter,“Iloveyou.””可知，面對(duì)父親表達(dá)的愛(ài)，女兒做出同樣的反饋。故選D。【23題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我盡量不打擾他的隱私，但他還是主動(dòng)邀請(qǐng)我交談。A.disturb打擾；B.evaluate評(píng)價(jià)；C.shelter庇護(hù)；D.pursue追求。根據(jù)上文“Icouldseehewantedandneededtocry.”和“buthewelcomedmeinbyasking.”可知，看到面對(duì)離別，這位父親想哭，作者盡量不想打擾他的隱私。故選A?！?4題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：“你有沒(méi)有跟一個(gè)人說(shuō)再見(jiàn)，知道這將是永遠(yuǎn)?”A.temporary臨時(shí)的；B.separate分開(kāi)的；C.blank空白的；D.forever永久的。根據(jù)下文““Whyisthisaforevergood-bye?”Iasked.”可知，這位父親在詢問(wèn)作者是否有過(guò)和一個(gè)人永久告別的經(jīng)歷。故選D?！?5題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這句話勾起了我對(duì)父親為我所做的一切表達(dá)愛(ài)和感激的回憶。A.sympathy同情；B.appreciation感激；C.approval贊同；D.greatness偉大。根據(jù)“expressingmylove”可知，作者在回憶之前對(duì)父親所做的一切表達(dá)愛(ài)和感激。故選B?！?6題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我意識(shí)到他的日子不多了，我不斷地當(dāng)面告訴他，他對(duì)我是多么重要。A.precise精確的；B.numerous許多的；C.limited有限的；D.wasted浪費(fèi)的。根據(jù)“Ikepttellinghimfacetofacehowmuchhemeanttome.”可知，此處表示作者意識(shí)到父親當(dāng)時(shí)的日子不多了。故選C?！?7題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：我自然知道這個(gè)人正在經(jīng)歷什么。A.Naturally自然地；B.Gradually逐漸地；C.Unexpectedly出乎意料地；D.Hopefully有希望地。根據(jù)上文“Recognizingthathisdayswere____6____,Ikepttellinghimfacetofacehowmuchhemeanttome.”可知，作者有過(guò)類似的經(jīng)歷，自然而然地知道這個(gè)老人正在經(jīng)歷的事情。故選A?！?8題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：現(xiàn)實(shí)是，她下次回來(lái)就是參加我的葬禮。A.dream夢(mèng)想；B.secret秘密；C.chance機(jī)會(huì)；D.reality現(xiàn)實(shí)，事實(shí)。根據(jù)上文“Iamoldandshelivestoofaraway.”可知，這位父親說(shuō)自己老了，女兒離的遠(yuǎn)，事實(shí)是下次回來(lái)就是參加自己的葬禮。故選D。【29題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：這是祖祖輩輩傳下來(lái)的愿望。A.carriedout執(zhí)行，實(shí)施；B.handeddown傳下來(lái)；C.worndown磨損；D.sortedout分類。根據(jù)下文“Myparentsusedtosayittoeveryone.”可知，這個(gè)愿望是祖祖輩輩傳下來(lái)的愿望。故選B。【30題詳解】考查介詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：他停頓了一下，抬起頭來(lái)，好像在努力回憶細(xì)節(jié)。A.indetail詳細(xì)地；B.inaction在行動(dòng)；C.onpurpose故意地；D.withregret帶有遺憾。根據(jù)下文“Iwishyouenoughsuntokeepyourattitudebright.”可知，這位父親抬起頭，好像在詳細(xì)地回憶這個(gè)祝愿的內(nèi)容。故選A?！?1題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：“當(dāng)我們說(shuō)‘Iwishyouenough’時(shí)，我們希望你的生活充滿足夠的美好事物來(lái)支持你，”他繼續(xù)說(shuō)道，并分享了下面這段話，仿佛是在背誦。A.access進(jìn)入；B.host主持；C.label貼標(biāo)簽；D.support支持。根據(jù)上文“Whenwesaid‘Iwishyouenough’,wewantedyoutohavealifefilledwithenoughgoodthings”可知，此處表示希望你的生活充滿足夠的美好的事物來(lái)支持你。故選D。【32題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意同上。A.history歷史；B.text文章；C.memory記憶；D.childhood童年。根據(jù)上文“hecontinuedandsharedthefollowing”可知，這位父親分享了以下的內(nèi)容，就像他從記憶中背誦出來(lái)的一樣。故選C?！?3題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我希望你有足夠的痛苦，讓生活中最小的快樂(lè)也變得更大。A.sadness悲傷；B.misfortune不幸；C.joy快樂(lè)；D.mistake錯(cuò)誤。根據(jù)上文“Iwishyouenoughsuntokeepyourattitudebright.”可知，這位父親希望女兒有足夠的陽(yáng)光，讓自己的態(tài)度保持光明，因此希望足夠的痛苦能讓生命中最小的快樂(lè)變得更大。故選C。【34題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我希望你有足夠的損失，以至于你會(huì)珍惜你所擁有的一切。A.abandon放棄；B.possess擁有；C.wonder想知道；D.expect期望。根據(jù)“Iwishyouenoughlosstoappreciate”可知，失去之后才會(huì)感激現(xiàn)在所擁有的。故選B?！?5題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：然后他開(kāi)始哭泣，走開(kāi)了。A.smile微笑；B.weep哭泣；C.freeze凍結(jié)；D.shout喊叫。根據(jù)上文“Icouldseehewantedandneededtocry.”可知，這位父親哭泣走開(kāi)了。故選B。第二節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。May21stthisyearmarksthefirstInternationalTeaDay,which____36____(name)bytheUnitedNationsonNovember27th,2019.____37____(celebrate)thefestival,anumberofeventstookplaceattheChineseBusinessmanMuseuminBeijingonThursday.ThechairmanoftheChinaCulturePromotionSociety____38____(address)theopeningceremony.“AsamainpromoteroftheInternationalTeaDaythebirthplaceoftea____39____thelargesttea-producingcountry,Chinahasa____40____(responsible)toworkwithothercountriestopromotethehealthydevelopmentoftheteaindustry.Itcanhelptobuildacommunitywith____41____sharedfutureformankind,”hesaid.The“FirstInternationalTeaDayTeaRoadCooperativeInitiative”issuedattheceremonycalls____42____peopleworkingintheteaindustrytocometogethertopromoteinternationalcooperationand____43____(culture)exchanges.Afour-yearteapromotion-TeaRoadCooperativePlan-wasalsoissuedinaccordancewiththeinitiative.Tostrengthentheconnectionwithyoungpeople,theeventincludedanumberofpublicpromotionalactivitiesonsocialmedia,____44____(invite)twenty-nineteaprofessionalsfromaroundtheworldtohavethirty-sixhoursofuninterruptedlivebroadcasts.TheChineseAncientTeaMuseumwas____45____(official)unveiled(揭幕)attheceremonyopeningitsfirstexhibition:TheAvenueofTruth-ASpecialExhibitionofPu’erTea.【答案】36.wasnamed37.Tocelebrate38.addressed39.and40.responsibility41.a42.for43.cultural44.inviting45.officially【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了為了慶祝第一個(gè)國(guó)際茶日，中國(guó)商會(huì)博物館所舉辦的一系列活動(dòng)。36題詳解】考查時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)。句意：今年5月21日是首個(gè)國(guó)際茶日，該節(jié)日由聯(lián)合國(guó)于2019年11月27日發(fā)起。根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)onNovember27th,2019可知，用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。定語(yǔ)從句先行詞為thefirstInternationalTeaDay，第三人稱單數(shù)，在定語(yǔ)從句中作主語(yǔ)，與name“命名”之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，所以用一般過(guò)去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。故填wasnamed?！?7題詳解】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：為了慶祝這個(gè)節(jié)日，周四在北京的中國(guó)商人博物館舉行了一系列活動(dòng)。本句謂語(yǔ)為tookplace，此處為非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，用celebrate“慶?！钡牟欢ㄊ?，作目的狀語(yǔ)。故填Tocelebrate?！?8題詳解】考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意：中國(guó)文化促進(jìn)會(huì)主席在開(kāi)幕式上致辭。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知事情發(fā)生在過(guò)去，故時(shí)態(tài)用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，用address“演說(shuō)，致辭”的過(guò)去式。故填addressed。【39題詳解】考查連詞。句意：作為國(guó)際茶葉日的主要推動(dòng)者，作為茶葉的發(fā)源地和最大的產(chǎn)茶國(guó)，中國(guó)有責(zé)任與世界各國(guó)一道，促進(jìn)茶葉產(chǎn)業(yè)的健康發(fā)展。thebirthplaceoftea和thelargesttea-producingcountry為并列關(guān)系，用連詞and連接。故填and?！?0題詳解】考查名詞。句意：作為國(guó)際茶葉日的主要推動(dòng)者，作為茶葉的發(fā)源地和最大的產(chǎn)茶國(guó)，中國(guó)有責(zé)任與世界各國(guó)一道，促進(jìn)茶葉產(chǎn)業(yè)的健康發(fā)展。根據(jù)空前的不定冠詞a可知，其后接可數(shù)名詞responsibility“責(zé)任”的單數(shù)形式，作has的賓語(yǔ)。故填responsibility?！?1題詳解】考查冠詞。句意：它可以幫助建立一個(gè)伴隨著人類的一個(gè)共同的未來(lái)的共同體。此處泛指“一個(gè)共同的未來(lái)”，且shared以輔音音素開(kāi)頭，應(yīng)用不定冠詞a。故填a。【42題詳解】考查介詞。句意：儀式上發(fā)布的“首屆國(guó)際茶日茶路合作倡議”呼吁茶行業(yè)人士團(tuán)結(jié)起來(lái)，促進(jìn)國(guó)際合作和文化交流。結(jié)合句意和空前的calls可知，本空用介詞for，callfor“呼吁”為固定短語(yǔ)。故填for。【43題詳解】考查形容詞。句意：儀式上發(fā)布的“首屆國(guó)際茶日茶路合作倡議”呼吁茶行業(yè)人士團(tuán)結(jié)起來(lái)，促進(jìn)國(guó)際合作和文化交流。本空用形容詞cultural“文化的”，作定語(yǔ)，修飾exchanges。故填cultural。【44題詳解】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：為了加強(qiáng)與年輕人的聯(lián)系，活動(dòng)包括在社交媒體上的一系列公共宣傳活動(dòng)，邀請(qǐng)了來(lái)自世界各地的29名茶葉專業(yè)人士進(jìn)行36小時(shí)不間斷的直播。分析句式結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處為非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作狀語(yǔ)，邏輯主語(yǔ)theevent與invite“邀請(qǐng)”之間為主動(dòng)關(guān)系，所以用現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語(yǔ)。故填inviting。【45題詳解】考查副詞。句意：在開(kāi)幕式上，中國(guó)古茶博物館正式揭牌，開(kāi)啟了它的第一個(gè)展覽：大道遺真——普洱茶專題展。修飾動(dòng)詞，用副詞形式officially“正式地”，作狀語(yǔ)。故填officially。第三節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1分，滿分5分）閱讀下面句子，用括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式或語(yǔ)法知識(shí)填空。46.Icanunderstandyour___________(anxious),butpleasetrynottoworry.（所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空）【答案】anxiety【解析】【詳解】考查名詞。句意：我能理解你的焦慮，但請(qǐng)盡量不要擔(dān)心。your修飾名詞，設(shè)空處應(yīng)用名詞，anxious的名詞為anxiety，不可數(shù)名詞，意為“焦慮，憂慮”，作賓語(yǔ)。故填anxiety。47.Hearingthenews,hewas______(visible)shocked.（所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空）【答案】visibly【解析】【詳解】考查副詞。句意：聽(tīng)到這個(gè)消息，他顯然很震驚。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，設(shè)空處應(yīng)用副詞來(lái)修飾后面的形容詞shocked，visibly意為“明顯地”。故填visibly。48.Adirtystream,forexample,oftenbecameclearafterflowingthroughplantsandalongrocks________________tinycreaturelived.（用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~填空）【答案】where【解析】【詳解】考查定語(yǔ)從句。句意：例如，一條污濁的小溪，在流