Unit2-SessionB-WritingaDescriptiveEssayjane市公開課一等獎

WritingaDescriptiveEssayReading&Writing3SessionB1/80MajorActivitiesI.Warmup:QuickwritingII.Writingstrategy:WritingadescriptiveessayIII.ReadingforwritingIV.WritingpracticeV.Assignments2/80I.QuickWritingDirections:Thewriterofthefollowingparagraphtellsusthat“Maggieisafreckle-facedten-year-old,”“morelikeaboythanagirl,”andthenadddetailsselectedtoelaborateuponthischaracteristic.Usingthisparagraphasamodel,writeadescriptionofaperson.First,giveageneralimpressionoftheperson,asthewriterdidinhertwoopeningsentences.Thenaddthedetailsthatsupporttheimpressionyouwanttocreate.3/80Model

Maggiewastenyearsold,withlighteyeslookingoutfromunderdarkscowlingbrows,brownhairthatfellstraightandlimpfromcurlingragsevenastheywereunrolled,andafacecoveredwithfreckles.Shewasmorelikeaboythanagirl,everyonesaid.Shewasalwayscarryinghoptoadsaboutinherhat,ortearingherpetticoatsclimbingtreesandslidingdowntheicehouseroof.Shewassometimesasboldasbrassandsometimesonecrimsonblushofshyness,andshehadthestrangestwaysofshowingpeoplethatshelovedthem—boastinginfrontoftheminaloudgruffvoice,makingawfulfaces,twistingonelegaroundtheother,orstandingonthesidesofherfeet.Yourparagraph:

4/80II.WritingStrategy:

WritingaDescriptiveEssay5/80Whatdoyouwanttodescribe?ApersonAplaceAmemoryAnexperienceAnobject6/80Whyareyouwritingyourdescriptiveessay?Findyourparticularlyreasonforwritingdescriptiveessay.Gettingintouchwiththisreasoncanhelpyoufocusyourdescriptionandimbueyourlanguagewithaparticularperspectiveoremotion.Ex:Ifyouwanttodescribeyourgrandfather,You'vechosentowriteaboutyourgrandfather'sphysicalappearanceandthewaythatheinteractswithpeople.7/80Howshouldyouwriteyourdescription?

It'sthefamoussaying:showdon'ttellEx1:Igrewtiredafterdinner.Ex2:AsIleanedbackandrestedmyheadagainstthetopofthechair,myeyelidsbegantofeelheavy,andtheedgesoftheemptyplateinfrontofmeblurredwiththewhitetablecloth.Thefirstsentencetellsreadersthatyougrewtiredafterdinner.Thesecondsentenceshowsreadersthatyougrewtired.Themosteffectivedescriptiveessaysareloadedwithsuchshowingbecausetheyenablereaderstoimagineorexperiencesomethingforthemselves.8/80Focusonthefivesenses

sightsoundsmelltouchtasteWhenyoufocusyourdescriptionsonthesenses,youprovidevividandspecific

detailsthatshow

yourreadersratherthantell

yourreaderswhatyouaredescribing.9/80Introduction

trytodescribeyourphysicalappearance10/80

Whatisthemostimportantpersonalitytraitofagoodboyfriendorgirlfriend?Canyouexplainindetails?11/80BasicsfordescribingapersonPhysicalappearance:face,facialexpressions,body,clothesPersonality:habit,interests,manners,tastes,actionsFocusononeortwoaspectsofapersonProduceanoverallimpressionandyourfeelingabouttheperson(keywordinyourtopicsentence)OrganizeinspatialorderToptobottomorbottomtotopFronttobackorbacktofrontRighttoleftorlefttoright12/80DetailsUsespecificanddescriptivedetailsShehaslongblackhairthatfallsdowntotheshouldersandsurroundsherattractiveface,whichisusuallysuntanned.Shehasdarkbrowneyebrowsoverhercharmingeyes.Hernoseisasbeautifulasyoucanimagine,andontheleftsideofthebottomofhernose,byhernostril,isasmallmole.Shehaslovelymouth,andherteetharestraightandwhite.Thereisnothingbutextraordinarybeautyinherface.13/80ExerciseShehascharmingeyes.Hewasagentleman.14/80Hereyeswerequickandbright;theywereayellowishbrown,aboutthecolorofherhair.Shehadawayofturningthemswiftlyuponanobjectandholdingthemthereasiflostinsomeinwardmazeofcontemplationorthought.Heworeglasses.Hewasofforty,ofmediumheightandratherslenderbuild;hestoopedalittle.Hishairwasbrownandstraight,partedononeside.Hisbeardwasneatlyandcloselytrimmed.15/8016/80FacialAppearanceFaceEyesEyebrowsEyelashesEyelidNoseMouthHairVoiceComplexionDimple17/80OvalRoundRectangularoroblongSquareHeartDiamondTriangle18/80圓臉鵝蛋臉方臉高顴骨長相普通長得好看瘦削胖乎乎臉蛋

長相完美胡子刮潔凈未剃胡子19/80圓臉roundface鵝蛋臉ovalface方臉squareface高顴骨highcheekbones長相普通average/plain/commonlooking長得好看goodlooking瘦削ahaggardface胖乎乎臉蛋plumpcheeks,chubbycheeks

長相完美gorgeous胡子刮潔凈clean-shaven未剃胡子unshaven20/80Eyes：閃閃發(fā)光深陷凹陷;凸出淡眉毛

濃密獨眉毛

長睫毛

21/80Eyes：

bright/sparkling/twinkling/shiningeyes閃閃發(fā)光deep-set深陷

sunken凹陷;bulging/protruding凸出

thineyebrows淡眉毛

thickbushyeyebrows濃密獨眉毛

longeyelashes長睫毛

22/80Nose:高鼻梁直鼻梁好看鼻子長鼻梁塌鼻子朝天鼻，豬鼻子朝天鼻

鷹鉤鼻

鷹鉤鼻,高鼻梁

23/80Nose:High–bridgednose高鼻梁straightnose直鼻梁

noblenose好看鼻子longnose長鼻梁

flatnose塌鼻子

snub-nosed朝天鼻，豬鼻子

upturnednose朝天鼻

aquiline/hookednose鷹鉤鼻

aromannose鷹鉤鼻,高鼻梁

24/80mouth:薄嘴唇

櫻桃嘴

厚嘴唇尖尖下巴

雙下巴

25/80mouth:thinlips薄嘴唇

cherrylips櫻桃嘴

thicklips厚嘴唇

pointedchin尖尖下巴

doublechin雙下巴

26/80hairstyle:straight直curly卷發(fā)pigtails辮子

crewcut平頭bald禿頭

spikyhair刺頭，板寸頭

partedhair分頭fairlylong很長（正適當）

wavyhair波浪發(fā)

jet-black烏黑;fair金色;blonde淡黃色;golden金黃色;dyed染色;chestnut栗色.27/80

Complexion

白皮膚

膚色暗淡

膚色較深

黃皮膚,東方人

棕褐色

棕色皮膚28/80

Complexion

fair-skinned白皮膚

apalecomplexion膚色暗淡

slightlydark/tanned膚色較深

oriental黃皮膚,東方人

sunburned;suntanned棕褐色

brown棕色皮膚29/8030/80Stuffonface落腮胡上唇上小胡子皺紋黑痣斑傷疤酒窩(雀斑-復數(shù))(痘痘-復數(shù))

31/80Stuffonfacebeard落腮胡moustache上唇上小胡子Wrinkles/lines皺紋amole黑痣spots斑scar傷疤dimple酒窩freckles(雀斑-復數(shù))pimples(痘痘-復數(shù))

32/80Figure/buildshortandstout矮胖

small/largefat肥胖thin瘦slim苗條

overweight超重;slight瘦小;well-built身材魁梧

mediumheight中等身材;averageheight普通身材;belowaverage低于平均身高;tall高;short矮;tallish有些高;middle-sized身高中等;ofmediumheight中等身材;1.78meters身高1.78米mediumbuild中等身材overweight超重plump豐滿

perfectfigure完美身材muscular肌肉,強壯

33/80PersonalityAdventurousAggressiveAmbitiousBrightCarefreeCautiousCheerfulClumsyConfidentConservativeCynicalDiligentEnergeticExtrovert/IntrovertGenerousHonestHumorousInnovativeLiberalMeanModestNosyOpinionatedOptimistic/pessimisticResponsibleRomanticRudeSelfishSubmissiveTolerant34/80

說到我父親長相，他長相很普通。中等身材，黑色卷發(fā)。他眼睛不大而且也不那么閃亮。不過他通常面帶笑容，這讓他看起來十分平易近人。Intermsofappearance,myfatheriskindofaverage.Heisofmediumbuild,withblackandcurlyhair.Hiseyesaresmallandnotsobright.Buthealwayswearsafriendlysmileonhisface,whichmakeshimprettyapproachable.35/80

你能夠用這個世界上全部溢美之詞來形容他，帥，有形，性感。他外表無可挑剔。強壯身軀，俊俏臉龐，1.83米身高，還有一頭飄逸金發(fā)。Youcanuseallthecommendatory/complimentarywordstodescribehim,suchas,handsome,charming,sexy…Hisappearanceisreallyattractivewithmuscularbody,handsomeface,nearly6feetand4inchestall,andaflyawayblondhair.36/80Yourtask1.Describeyourpartner

2.Describeoneofyourfamilymembersandyourpartnerhastosketch37/80Practice

Thislookslikeasmall,elderly,Asianman.Helooksasifhemayberatherpoor.Heiswearingabatteredhat,andhiseyeslookcheerful.Hehasabiggrin!Heiswearinganold-looking,darkjacketHelookslikeahappy,kind-heartedsortofman.38/80Hehasshort,blackhair,sparklingbrowneyesandabroad,friendlysmile.Heiswearingadarksuitandtie.Heappearstobefitandtrim.Helookslikeanintelligent,competentman.39/80Thislookslikealittlegirlwearingapinktop.Shehasplumproundcheeks,andchubbylittlehands.SheseemstobeveryinterestedinherDaddy'sbaldhead!40/80Helookslikeheisabout8yearsold.Hehasbig,darkeyesandapoutingmouth.HeiswearinganorangeT-shirt.Hedoesn'tlookveryhappy.41/80BasicIdeasAdescriptiveessayuseswordpicturestore-createaperson,place,thing,event,orfeelinginthemindofthereader.

Adescriptiveessaycreatesamainimpression—anoveralleffect,feeling,orimage—aboutthetopic.Themainimpressionisoftenthemainideaofthedescriptiveessay.

42/80Adescriptiveessayusesspecificexamplestosupportthemainimpression.Adescriptiveessaysupportsthoseexampleswithdetailsthatappealtothefivephysicalsenses:sight,hearing,smell,tasteandtouch.Adescriptiveessaybringsaperson,place,thing,event,orfeelingtolifeforthereader.43/80WritingTipsLookforkindsofdescriptivedetails.Noticeappearance,walk,voice,andmannerindescribingpeople;observeoutstandingfeaturesofaplacethatcontributedtothemainimpression;payattentiontotheorderinwhichthepartsofanincidenttakeplace.

44/80Useyoursensesindescribing.Indescription,supportconsistsofspecificdetailsthatappealtooneormoreofthefivesenses:sight,hearing,smell,taste,andtouch.Yourdescriptionshouldshowyourreaderswhatyoumean,notjusttellthem.45/80Beconcretandspecificindescribing.

General

Specific

Thechairinmybedroomwascomfortable.Thelakewaspretty.Theflowerssmelledwonderful.Itwaswindy.Theparkbencheswererough.Theworngreenchairfitmybodyexactly.Theturquoiselakeshimmeredinthemorningsunlight.Thecreamywhitegardeniasgaveoffaheavyperfume.Thewindhowledaroundthecornerofthehouse.

Theoldconcreteparkbenchesscrapedtheskinoffmylegs.

46/80Selectdescriptivewordsandusingfigurativelanguangeindescription.Youcanmakeyourwritingvividbychoosingverbs,adjectives,andadverbscarefully.Anotherwaytomakeyourwritingclearandvividistousefigurativelanguage.47/80Usuallyusetimeorderorspaceorderindescribing.Somecommontimetransitionsandspacetransitionsarelistedbelow.

48/80Commontimetransitionsaftereventuallymeanwhilesoonasfinallynextthenatlastfirstnowtodaybeforelastsecondwhenduringlatersincewhile

49/80Commonspacetransitions

abovebelowneartotherightacrossbesidenexttotothesideatthebottombeyondoppositeunderatthetopfarther/furtheroverwherebehindinsidetotheleft50/80Practice1

Directions:Readthefollowingdescriptionsandtellwhichsensorydetailsareusedineachdescription.

51/80

A.Itwasamagnificentday,renderedverymildbytheautumnsun.Wesatinfrontofthehouseinthelittlepeasantgraden,underanolivetreeladenwithfruit.Betweenthesilveryleavestheseawouldbeseengleaminginthedistance,perfectlycalmandstill.Vaporouscloudswerecontinuallypassinginfrontofthesun,makingtheearthappearnowsad,nowgay,asifitwerebreathing.52/80B.JohnBegbiewasasoft,fat,baldmanonwhom,despitehisbulk,clothesalwayshungorlaytooloosely.Histrousersweretoowideattheankles,hisjackettoolonginthesleeves;wheneverhecould,heunbuttonedhiscollarandpulleddownhistiesothattheknothungseveralinchesbelowhisneck.Thenheblewouthischeekswithrelief.Helooked,lollingback,likeanill-wrappedparcelwhichsomeonehaddumpedunceremoniouslyinachairandwasunlikelysoontocallforagain.Protrudingfromthesewrappingwasaroundfacewithapairofblueeyes,surprisedandinjuredinexpression,andasmall,poutingmouth.53/80C.Theairwasheavywithodorsnotonlyoffoodonplatesbuttheactofcookingitself,alongwiththemetallicsmellofheatedironfromthehard-workingSmokeEater,andthewholestoveofferedusitsyetunbeatenprospectsofmoregooseanduntouchedpies.Toseeagibletgravymadeandpouredintoagravyboat,whichhadpaintedonitssideswinterscenesofboysslidinganddeerboundingoversnow,isthesurestwaytoovereatitsswimmingrichness.54/80D.Highaboveusinthedarknessasolitarymockerpouredhisrepertoireinblissfulunawarenessofwhosetreehesatin,plungingfromtheshrillkee,keeofthesunflowerbirdtotheirasciblequackofabluejay,tothesadlamentofPoorWill,PoorWill,PoorWill.55/80

Directions:

Readthestatementsbelowandwriteatleastthreedetailsyoumightusetosupportthemainimpression.Practice256/80Evenatnight,NewYorkCityechoeswithnoise.

ExampleA.peopleonthestreetB.soundsofmusicfromclubsC.carhorns57/80Beijingisfarmorethanjustapoliticalcapital.

A.B.C.A.economicheartofthenationB.culturalheartofthenationC.diplomaticheartofthenation58/802)

Thedormitaryisamess.

A.B.C.A.bookscoveredthedeskB.untidyblanketC.shoeshereandthere59/803)

Wequicklyspruceduptheapartmentbeforeourguestarrived.

A.B.C.A.hidtoysandnewspapersinspareclosetB.vacuumedpethairsoffsofaC.sprayedairfresheneraroundlivingroom60/804)

HuangshanMountain’swondersarethemasterpieceofnaturewhichattractthetouriststolingeron.

A.B.C.A.beautifulpinetreesB.jaggedrocksinstrangeshapesC.bubblinghotspringsandrapidlychangingclouds61/805)

TheElvisimpersonatorlookedlikeElvis’stwin.

A.B.C.

A.look-alikesB.soundalikesC.combination62/80Directions:

Readthefollowingtwoparagraphs.Thefirstusesvague,generallanguage;thesecondusesspecificdetailsthatmakeitsmeaningsharperandclearer.Noticethedifferencesandfillinthefollowingtable.Thefirsthasbeeddoneforyou.Practice363/80Theislandprisoniscoveredwithflowersnow.Alargesignthatisvisiblefromalongwayoffwarnsvisitorsaway.Butsincetheearly1960s,whentheytookthelastprisonerstootherinstitutions,thesignhasreallyservednopurpose,fortheprisonhasbeenabondoned.Theplaceisnotunpleasant;infact,onemightenjoytheromanceandsolitudeoutthere.

GeneralSpecificAlcartazIslandiscoveredwithflowersnow:orangeandyellownasturtiums,geranimus,sweetgrass,blueiris,blace-eyedSusans,Candytuftspringsupthroughthecrackedconcreteintheexerciseyard.Iceplantcarpetstherustingcatwalks.“WARNING!KEEPOFF!U.S.PROPERTY,”thesignstillreads,bigandyellowandvisibleforperhapsaquarterofamile,butsinceMarch21,1963,thedaytheytookthelastthirtyorsomenofftheisland…thewarninghasbeenonlyproforma(servingnorealpurpose).Itisnotanunpleasantplacetobe,outthereonAlcatrazwithonlytheflowersandthewindandthebellbuoymoaningandthetidesurgingthroughtheGoldenGate.64/80Directions:

Readthetwoversionsoftheparagraphandanswerthequestionsthatfollow.

Practice465/80

Thisproposalwouldhaveanimmediateimpactontheconditionofourcities.Forthehomelessadirty,litter-strewncornerwouldbereplacedbyacleanlivingenvironment.Tourismwouldbecomemoreattractivetoout-of-towers,forthementallyillwouldbeoffthestreets.Publictransportationwouldflourishasbus,train,andsubwaystationswouldbedevoidofrantingvagabonds.Housesofworshipwouldseeanincreaseinmembership,forthe“street-cornerpreacher”wouldbeunavailable.Crimewoulddecrease,forpolicecouldconcentrateonseriousoffendersasopposedtoactingasstreetsweepersofthehomeless.RoughDraft66/80Thisproposalwouldhaveanimmediateimpactonthehomeless,manyofwhomareafflictedwithmentaldisorders.Forthem,afilthy,litter-strewnstreetcornerwouldbereplacedbyasterileenvironmentinaresearchhospital,shelteredfromrains,sleetandsnow,fromtheheatofsummerandthebitingwindsofwinter.Ofcourse,theirabsencewouldimproveourcities’landscapesaswell.Tourismwouldincreasedramatically,forthementallyill,manyofwhomwalkaroundencrustedwithfilthandreekingoftheirownexcrement,wouldbeoffthestreets.Publictransportationwouldflourishasbus,train,andsubwaystationswouldbedevoidofrantingvegabonds.Housesofworshipwouldseeanincreaseinmembership,for“street-cornerpreachers”wouldbehauledofftohospitalswhere,whileundergoingextensiveneurologicalobservations,theycouldshoutthatthe“worldiscomingtoanend”totheirheart’scontent.Crimewoulddecrease,forpolicewouldconcentrateonseriousoffendersasopposedtoactingasstreetsweepersofthehomeless,ofbeggars,andofvagrantsshoutingobscenitiestopassersbyormumblingincoherentlytothemselvesastheylayindarkanddirtydoorways.FinalDraft67/801)Didthewriterchangethemainpointinthefinaldraft?2)Whatdidthewriteraddinthefinaldraft?3)Whydidthewriteraddthoseparts?Questions68/80Directions:

Readthefollowingpassageanddotheexercisesthatfollow.Practice569/80MemoryLane

(ThispassageiswrittenbyastudentatColumbusState

namedDeborahMcGonigle)

70/80Findexamplesofeffectiveeffectivenarrationanddescriptionintheessay.Theauthorusesvivid,sensorywordstodescribeherreturntoachildhoodplaceofrefuge.Findexamplesforeachofthefivesensesthatareparticularlyeffectiveatprovidingvividimagesforthereader.Astheauthorlefttheplaceofherchildhoodhome,shewritesthatsheis“surprisedtofeelatearslowlycoursedownmycheek.”Whatemotionsdoyouthinkshewasfeeling?Whatwordsanddescriptionsgiveyouthatimpression?Qu