【英語】江蘇省鎮(zhèn)江市2023-2024學年高三下學期期初適應性練習試題(解析版)

江蘇省鎮(zhèn)江市2023-2024學年高三下學期期初適應性練習英語試題第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）略第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。AContrarytopopularbelief,winterisactuallyagoodtimetotravel.Below,you’llfindrecommendationsforthebestplacestovisitinwinterintheUSA.Sequoia(美洲杉)NationalPark,CaliforniaThisparkisfamousforitsgiantsequoiatrees.Andthoughit’simpressivetowalkamong250-footsequoias,snowshoeingorcross-countryskiingthroughGiantForestGrovewhenthetoweringtreesaredustedwithsnowispuremagic.Accommodation:ThecentrallylocatedVisaliaMarriottisjust40minutesfromtheparkgate.Charleston,SouthCarolinaStartyourweekendgetawayonahistoriccarriageridedowntownincoldwinter.Clip-cloppastthecity’schurches,seewheretheystoredallthegunpowderbackinthe1700sandlearnaboutCharleston’spast.Accommodation:Locatedinthecity'shistoricheart,theCharlestonPlacehotelfeaturesplushroomsandexcellentdining.Keystone,ColoradoSkireportwebsiteOntheSnowratesitthetopresortforfamilies,thankstofreeparking;ski-in,ski-outlodgings;akids-ski-freeprogram;andbeginnerterrain(地形).Accommodation:KeystoneLodgeandSpahascozymountain-inspiredroomsandlofts,aheatedoutdoorpoolandhottub.ParkCity,UtahLocatedjust40minutesfromSaltLakeCity,thelargestskiresortintheUnitedStatesisknownforitslight,drysnow,sunnyskiesandvarietyofterrain.Accommodation:Marriott’sSummitWatchisanaffordableoptionlocatedrightinParkCity,anditoffersaccessiblerooms.1.WhatwilltravelersdoinCharleston?A.Walkalonggiantsequoiatrees. B.Skithroughsnow-coveredforests.C.Explorethehistoriccity. D.Swiminaheatedoutdoorpool.2.Whichdestinationgiveskidsachancetoskiforfree?A.SequoiaNationalPark. B.Charleston.C.Keystone. D.ParkCity.3.Whatdothefourdestinationshaveincommon?A.Theyarelocated40minutesfromthenearbycity.B.TheyarefamousnationalparksintheUSA.C.Theyoffercarriageridesatweekends.D.Theyofferarangeofcold-weatherfun.【語篇解讀】這是一篇應用文。文章推薦了幾個美國冬季最佳旅游景點。【答案】1.C2.C3.D【1題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Charleston,SouthCarolina部分的“Startyourweekendgetawayonahistoriccarriageridedowntownincoldwinter.Clip-cloppastthecity’schurches,seewheretheystoredallthegunpowderbackinthe1700sandlearnaboutCharleston’spast.(在寒冷的冬天乘坐歷史悠久的馬車開始你的周末之旅。咔嗒咔嗒地經(jīng)過這座城市的教堂，看看他們在18世紀儲存火藥的地方，了解查爾斯頓的過去。)”可知，游客在Charleston可以探索這座城市的歷史。故選C?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Keystone,Colorado部分的“SkireportwebsiteOntheSnowratesitthetopresortforfamilies,thankstofreeparking;ski-in,ski-outlodgings;akids-ski-freeprogram;andbeginnerterrain.(滑雪報告網(wǎng)站OntheSnow將其評為最適合家庭的度假勝地，這要歸功于免費停車；住宿；兒童免費滑雪項目；初學者地形。)”可知，Keystone給孩子一個免費滑雪的機會。故選C?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Contrarytopopularbelief,winterisactuallyagoodtimetotravel.Below,you’llfindrecommendationsforthebestplacestovisitinwinterintheUSA.(與普遍的看法相反，冬天實際上是旅行的好時機。下面，你會發(fā)現(xiàn)美國冬季最佳旅游景點的推薦。)”可推知，這四個地方的共同之處在于它們提供了一系列寒冷天氣的樂趣。故選D。BIt’sanunusuallycalmmorningforJimSmith,ownerofVenturaDiveSport,andlifelongseaman.He’sinchargeoftheRaptor,carryingaboatloadofdiversandsnorkeling(浮潛)enthusiastsovertotheChannelIslandsanchoredjustofftheSouthernCaliforniancoast,intheremoteChannelIslandsNationalPark.Onthistrip,inparticular,Smithishopingtospotgiantblackseabass,ahugeunderwatercreaturethatgrowsoversevenfeetlongandcanweighmorethan700pounds.Unsurprisingly,it’safishthatsitsatopthefoodchain,andthespeciesisanimportantpartofthemarine(海洋的)ecosystem.Upuntilthe1970s,blackseabasswasacommonsightinginSouthernCalifornia,butduetooverfishingtheirpopulationdramaticallydeclined.Asaresult,fishingforgiantblackseabassofanykindwasbannedinCaliforniain1982.IntheChannelIslandregion,thankstotheprotectedwatersofthenationalpark,thereisapromisingsign-arecentsurveyfoundaround50individualsaroundtheCatalinaIslandalone.Marinebiologists’photos-andindeedanyoneelse’s-nowhaveapermanenthome,onanewly-createddatabasenamedSpottingGiantSeaBass.Thewebsite,launchedandrunbytheAquariumofthePacificinJuly,isajointcommunityefforttofindoutmoreaboutthesemysteriouscreatures.Scientistshopetobeabletoanswerhowthepopulationischangingovertime,howfargiantseabassmove,wheretheyspawn(產(chǎn)卵),andhowtheygrowinmarineprotectedareas.Withmorethan1milliondivesrecordedannuallyacrosstheGoldenState’scoastline,researchershopeajointefforttodocumentthisspecieswillaidwithitsrecovery.“OneofthemainthingspeoplewanttoseewhentheycomeoutwithusduringSeptemberandOctoberisgiantseabass,”Smithsays.“Ifyou’reluckyenoughtobeonadiveandoneswimspastyou...itreallyisthemostincredibleexperience.”4.WhoisJimSmith?A.Amarinebiologist.B.Adiveboatcaptain.C.Afounderofawebsite.D.Aguardofanationalpark.5.WhatcanweinferaboutblackseabassintheChannelIslandregionnow?A.Theyareexperiencingpopulationgrowth.B.Theyarebeingoverfished.C.Theyarelivinginterribleconditions.D.Theyaredisappearingduetopollution.6.Whichofthefollowingisconsideredas“apermanenthome”inparagraph4?A.SouthernCalifornia.B.SpottingGiantSeaBass.C.Marineprotectedareas.D.TheAquariumofthePacific.7.Whatwillbehelpfulfortherecoveryofblackseabassaccordingtotheresearchers?A.Swimmingwiththeminthesea.B.Prohibitingdeep-seadiving.C.Workingtogethertorecordinformation.D.Discoveringmoreislands.【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章講述的是關于黑鱸魚的保護和恢復，以及一個新的數(shù)據(jù)庫的創(chuàng)建，幫助記錄和研究黑鱸魚的信息?！敬鸢浮?.B5.A6.B7.C【4題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“It’sanunusuallycalmmorningforJimSmith,ownerofVenturaDiveSport,andlifelongseaman.He’sinchargeoftheRaptor,carryingaboatloadofdiversandsnorkeling(浮潛)enthusiastsovertotheChannelIslandsanchoredjustofftheSouthernCaliforniancoast,intheremoteChannelIslandsNationalPark.

(對于文圖拉潛水運動公司的老板、終身海員JimSmith來說，這是一個異常平靜的早晨。他負責“猛禽”號，載著一船潛水員和浮潛愛好者前往海峽群島，停泊在南加州海岸外遙遠的海峽群島國家公園。)”可知，JimSmith是一名潛水船只的船長。故選B。【5題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中“IntheChannelIslandregion,thankstotheprotectedwatersofthenationalpark,thereisapromisingsign-arecentsurveyfoundaround50individualsaroundtheCatalinaIslandalone.(在海峽島地區(qū)，由于受國家公園保護的水域，出現(xiàn)了一個有希望的跡象——最近的調(diào)查發(fā)現(xiàn)，僅在卡塔利娜島附近就有大約50只個體。)”可知，在海峽島地區(qū)附近，黑鱸魚的數(shù)量是一個充滿希望的跡象即數(shù)量在不斷增加。故選A。【6題詳解】詞義猜測題。根據(jù)第四段中劃線詞后面的內(nèi)容“onanewly-createddatabasenamedSpottingGiantSeaBass.(在一個新創(chuàng)建的名為“發(fā)現(xiàn)巨型海鱸魚”的數(shù)據(jù)庫中。)”可知，海洋生物學家們的照片現(xiàn)在存儲于一個新創(chuàng)建的名為“發(fā)現(xiàn)巨型海鱸魚”的數(shù)據(jù)庫中。故

apermanenthome指的是“發(fā)現(xiàn)巨型海鱸魚”的數(shù)據(jù)庫。故選B。【7題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中“Withmorethan1milliondivesrecordedannuallyacrosstheGoldenState’scoastline,researchershopeajointefforttodocumentthisspecieswillaidwithitsrecovery.(每年有超過100萬次潛水記錄在金州的海岸線上，研究人員希望共同努力記錄這個物種將有助于它的恢復。)”可知，根據(jù)研究人員的說法，共同記錄信息將有助于黑海鱸魚的恢復。故選C。CEmotionsarelikeourbestfriend.Theyhavealwaysbeenapartofourlivesandhavebeeninfluencingourpersonalitiesfromtheverybeginning.However,thisbegsthequestion-wheredoemotionscomefrom?Evolutionary(進化論的)psychologistsbelievethatemotionsareadaptationsthathaveevolvedinresponsetothechallengesfacedbyourancestors.Theybelievethatemotionsareinnate(先天的),meaningthatwearebornwiththemwiredintoourbrains.Somepsychologistsrestricttheirclaimstoasmallsetof“basic”emotions,whicharecalledtheBigSix-happiness,sadness,fear,surprise,angeranddisgust.Criticsofevolutionarypsychologyarguethatemotionsaresociallyconstructed.Theyrejecttheevolutionarytheoryofemotionsbeinginvoluntary;instead,theybelievethatemotionsarevoluntarychoiceswetrickourselvesintotreatingasinvoluntary.Defendantsofthisviewbelievethatourcultureinfluenceshowweshouldfeelandwhatweshoulddoinagivensituation.Whenwefeelanemotionandactonit,weengageinabehaviorthatisprescribedbyourculture.Peoplearguethatourpresumptionthatemotionsareinvoluntary,suchasanger,mayjustbeaconvenientillusion(幻覺).Tobeangry,weneedtounderstandsomethingasoffensive(冒犯的),whichislikelybasedonculturallyinformedmoraljudgments.Inthatcase,howcanangerbeananimalreflex(本能反應)？Moreover,angerisnotseeninallcultures.InInuitculture,peoplerarelyshowanysignsofanger,probablysincethreateningresponseswouldbetooriskyinasmallculturesurvivinginharshconditions.TheMalaylanguageofMalaysiadoesn’tevenhaveawordmeaning“anger”!Thefactthatculturecanaffecttheincidenceandintensityofouremotionsmakesthemlooklesslikebiologicaltruthsandmoreliketheproductofsocialconstructs.Frommyperspective,evolutionarypsychologistsunderestimatethecontributionsofcultureandlearning,whereassocialconstructionistsover-emphasizethesame.Basically,weneedanexplanationthatcansteerbetweenboththeseextremes.Thenexttimeyoufeelacomplexemotionbubblingup(冒出),thekeyistodeterminetheunderlyingbasicemotionssoyoucantakeactionthatisthemosthelpfulinkeepingyoubalancedandemotionallyundercontrol!8.Whatdoevolutionarypsychologistsbelieve?A.Wearebornwithemotions.B.Personalitiesinfluenceemotions.C.Emotionsarelearned.D.Humanshavesixdifferentemotions.9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“prescribed”inparagraph5mean?A.Copied.B.Remembered.C.Translated.D.Required.10.Whatdothetwoexamplesinparagraph7mainlyexplain?A.Emotionsplayamajorroleinsurvival.B.Peopleinpoorcircumstanceshaveemotions.C.Peoplesolveproblemswiththehelpofemotions.D.Emotionsaresociallyconstructed.11.Whatisessentialwhenfacingtheoccurrenceofacomplexemotion?A.Findingouttherealcoreemotions.B.Takingactiontoignorebasicemotions.C.Strikingabalancebetweenlifeandwork.D.Makingeffortstobuildconfidence.【語篇解讀】這是一篇議論文。文章主要討論了情緒從何而來?！敬鸢浮?.A9.D10.D11.A【8題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Theybelievethatemotionsareinnate(先天的),meaningthatwearebornwiththemwiredintoourbrains.(他們認為情緒是天生的，這意味著我們出生時就把它們連接到我們的大腦中。)”可知，進化心理學家認為，我們生來就有情緒。故選A?！?題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)上文“Defendantsofthisviewbelievethatourcultureinfluenceshowweshouldfeelandwhatweshoulddoinagivensituation.(持這種觀點的人認為，我們的文化影響著我們在特定情況下的感受和行為。)”可知，當我們感受到一種情緒并采取行動時，我們的行為是由我們的文化所規(guī)定的。prescribed意為“規(guī)定，指示”。故選D。【10題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第四段“Criticsofevolutionarypsychologyarguethatemotionsaresociallyconstructed.(進化心理學的批評者認為情緒是社會建構(gòu)的。)”、文章第五段“Defendantsofthisviewbelieve…shoulddoinagivensituation.(持這種觀點的人認為，我們的文化影響著我們在特定情況下的感受和行為。)”和文章第七段“Moreover,angerisnotseeninallcultures.InInuitculture,…awordmeaning“anger”!(此外，并非所有文化中都能看到憤怒。在因紐特文化中，人們很少表現(xiàn)出任何憤怒的跡象，可能是因為在一個生存在惡劣條件下的小文化中，威脅的回應太冒險了。馬來西亞的馬來語甚至沒有“憤怒”這個詞！)”可推知，第七段提到的兩個例子解釋了情緒是社會建構(gòu)的。故選D?！?1題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“Thenexttimeyoufeelacomplexemotionbubblingup(冒出),thekeyistodeterminetheunderlyingbasicemotionssoyoucantakeactionthatisthemosthelpfulinkeepingyoubalancedandemotionallyundercontrol!(下次當你感到一種復雜的情緒冒出來的時候，關鍵是要確定潛在的基本情緒，這樣你就可以采取行動，這對保持你的平衡和情緒控制最有幫助！)”可知，面對復雜情緒的發(fā)生，找出真正的核心情緒是至關重要的。故選A。DActivenoisecontroltechnologyisusedbynoise-cancelingheadphonestominimizeorcompletelyblockoutoutsidenoise.However,despitethemanyadvancementsintechnology,peoplestilldon'thavemuchcontroloverwhichsoundstheirheadphonesblockoutandwhichtheyletpass.Now,deeplearningalgorithms(算法)havebeendevelopedbyagroupofacademicsattheUniversityofWashingtonthatenableuserstoselectwhichnoisestofilter(過濾)throughtheirheadphonesinreal-time.Thesystemhasbeennamed“semantichearing”byitscreators.TheAl-poweredheadphonesremoveallbackgroundnoisebystreamingrecordedaudio(音頻)toasmartphonethatislinkedtothedevices.Throughthisprocess,theheadphoneuserscanchoosetostrengthenorcancelout20typesofsounds,usingvoicecommandsorasmartphoneapp.Theheadphoneswillthenonlyletthroughthesoundsthathavebeenchosenbythewearer.“Thechallengeisthatthesoundsheadphonewearershearneedtosyne(同步)withtheirvisualsenses.Thismeanstheneural(神經(jīng)的)algorithmsmustprocesssoundsinunderahundredthofasecond.”saidseniorauthorShyamGollakota,aUWprofessor.Duetothistimeconstraint,thesemantichearingsystemchoosesaprocessthatreliesonnoisescommunicatedonadevicelikealinkedsmartphone.Furthermore,inorderforhumanstocontinuetoeffectivelyexperiencesoundsintheirenvironment,thesystemneedstomaintainthesedelaysbecausesoundscomingfromdifferentdirectionsenterpeople'searsatdifferenttimes.Trialswereundertakenbytheresearchersinavarietyofsettings.Thesemantichearingsystemwasabletoisolatetargetsounds,whileatthesametimeremovingbackgroundnoise.Intermsofthesystem'saudiooutputforthedesiredsounds.22participantsgaveitanaverageratinghigherthantheyassignedtotheoriginalnoiserecordings.Therewere,however,afewdisadvantages:theAl-poweredsystemoccasionallyhadtroublerecognizingsoundsthatweretoosimilar.Theresearcherssaidthatthesystemcouldproducebetterresultsifitsmachinelearningmodelsweretrainedonmorerealworlddata.12.Whatcandeeplearningalgorithmsdo?A.Improveuserslisteningability.B.Helpusersremoveunwantednoise.C.Stoppeoplefromenteringnoisyareas.D.Createcommunicationbetweenusers.13.WhatshouldtheneuralalgorithmsdoaccordingtoShyamGollakota?A.Selectheadphoneusers.B.Processdatawithoutnoticeabledelay.C.Followthewaypeoplespeak.D.Improvethequalityofsmartphones.14.Whatdidtheresearchersfindaboutthesysteminthetrials?A.Ithasimprovementinsoundquality.B.Ithelpsthemrecognizeparticipants'voices.C.Ithasmoredisadvantagesthanadvantages.D.It'ssuitabletostrengthenbackgroundnoise.15.Whichisthemostsuitabletitleforthetext?A.ThesemantichearingsystemstillhassomedrawbacksB.ThesemantichearingsystemcanrecognizehumanspeechC.Alnoise-cancelingheadphonesletyouchoosewhatyouhearD.AInoise-cancelingheadphonesnowhaveacommercialversion【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。這篇文章介紹了華盛頓大學的一組學者開發(fā)的深度學習算法，使用戶能夠?qū)崟r選擇通過耳機過濾的噪音?！敬鸢浮?2.B13.B14.A15.C【12題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Now,deeplearningalgorithms(算法)havebeendevelopedbya…h(huán)earing”byitscreators.(現(xiàn)在，華盛頓大學的一組學者開發(fā)了一種深度學習算法，使用戶能夠?qū)崟r選擇通過耳機過濾哪些噪音。該系統(tǒng)被其創(chuàng)建者命名為“語義聽力”。)”可知，深度學習算法可以幫助用戶消除不必要的噪音。故選B?！?3題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中““Thechallengeisthatthesoundsheadphonewearershearneedtosyne(同步)withtheirvisualsenses.Thismeanstheneural(神經(jīng)的)algorithmsmustprocesssoundsinunderahundredthofasecond.”saidseniorauthorShyamGollakota.aUWprofessor.(“挑戰(zhàn)在于，耳機佩戴者聽到的聲音需要與他們的視覺感官同步。這意味著神經(jīng)算法必須在百分之一秒內(nèi)處理聲音。資深作者ShyamGollakota說。華盛頓大學教授。)”可知，根據(jù)ShyamGollakota認為，耳機佩戴者聽到的聲音需要與他們的視覺感官同步，這意味著神經(jīng)算法必須在百分之一秒內(nèi)處理聲音，即深度學習算法在處理數(shù)據(jù)時，沒有明顯的延遲。故選B?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“Trialswereundertakenbytheresearchersinavarietyof…participantsgaveitanaverageratinghigherthantheyassignedtotheoriginalnoiserecordings.(研究人員在各種環(huán)境下進行了試驗。語義聽覺系統(tǒng)能夠隔離目標聲音，同時去除背景噪音。在系統(tǒng)的音頻輸出為所需的聲音。22名參與者給它的平均評分高于他們給原始噪音錄音的評分。)”可知，在試驗中發(fā)現(xiàn)語義聽覺系統(tǒng)能夠隔離目標聲音，同時去除背景噪音，22名參與者給它的平均評分高于他們給原始噪音錄音的評分，即它的音質(zhì)有所改善。故選A?！?5題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第二段“Now,deeplearningalgorithms(算法)havebeendevelopedbyagroupofacademicsattheUniversityofWashingtonthatenableuserstoselectwhichnoisestofilter(過濾)throughtheirheadphonesinreal-time.Thesystemhasbeennamed“semantichearing”byitscreators.(現(xiàn)在，華盛頓大學的一組學者開發(fā)了一種深度學習算法，使用戶能夠通過耳機實時選擇過濾哪些噪音。該系統(tǒng)被其創(chuàng)建者命名為“語義聽力”。)”以及通讀全文可知，這篇文章介紹了華盛頓大學的一組學者開發(fā)的深度學習算法，使用戶能夠?qū)崟r選擇通過耳機過濾的噪音。通過將錄制的音頻傳送到與設備連接的智能手機上，這種人工智能耳機可以通過語音命令或智能手機應用程序選擇加強或消除20種類型的聲音，并只允許佩戴者選擇的聲音通過。C選項“Alnoise-cancelingheadphonesletyouchoosewhatyouhear(人工降噪耳機可以讓你選擇聽什么)”概括文章主要內(nèi)容，符合文章標題。故選C。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Wintercancausedamagetoyourskin,anditcanfeellikethere’snoescape.____16____.Happily,therearemanywaystodealwithdryskinandkeepyourselfcomfortable.?Useahumidifier(加濕器)toincreasehumidity.Inthecoolerwintermonths,ahumidifierinyourhomeorofficewillrestoremoisturetotheair,helpingtokeepyourskinhydrated(含水的).Runahumidifierinyourentirehomeorinroomsyouspendthemosttimein,andaimtokeepindoorhumiditylevelsbetween30and50percent.____17____Ifyou’reunsureofyourhome’shumiditylevels,youcanbuyahumiditymeter.?Keepthermostat(恒溫器)temperaturescoolandcomfortable.Ifyou’relookingtoescapedry,coldoutdoorair,youarelikelytoturnontheheatassoonasyougethome.____18____Tryacoolyetcomfortablesettingtopreventyourskinfromdryingfurther-theAmericanOsteopathicCollegeofDermatologyrecommends68to75degreesF.?____19____Long,steamyshowersmaysoundlikeagreatideawhenit’scold,butveryhotwatercandryouttheskin.A5-to10-minutewarmshowerislesslikelytoworsendryskinthanahotone.Youshouldalsoavoidusingexcessivelyhotwatertowashyourhands.Dryskinfromexposuretohotwaterorcoolwinteraircancauseaneczema(濕疹).____20____Ifyoustillexperiencedryness,discomfort,andrednessaftertryingthesehealthyskintips,expertssuggestusinganover-the-counterIpercenthydrocortisonecreamortalkingwithyourdoctor.A.Firstly,applyhandcreamaftereachwashing.B.It’squiteunusualtofindyourskinredanddryinwinter.C.Oneoptionistoturnitonovernightwhileyou’resleeping.D.Lowerwatertemperaturesforshoweringandhand-washing.E.Buthighcentralheatcanmaketheairinyourhouseevendrier.F.Coolerwaterseemstobeaseffectiveandismorefriendlytotheskin.G.Eventhethingsthatmakewinterwonderful,suchassittingbyaroaringfire,candryyourskin.【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。文章介紹了幾個在冬季也能處理皮膚干燥并保持舒適的方法?！敬鸢浮?6.G17.C18.E19.D20.F【16題詳解】由上文“Wintercancausedamagetoyourskin,anditcanfeellikethere'snoescape.(冬天會對你的皮膚造成傷害，而且感覺無處可逃。)”以及后文“Happily,therearemanywaystodealwithdryskinandkeepyourselfcomfortable.(令人高興的是，有很多方法可以處理皮膚干燥并保持舒適。)”可知，空前提到了皮膚在冬季可能會出現(xiàn)不舒服的感覺，空處后提到了處理皮膚干燥并保持舒服的方法。G項Eventhethingsthatmakewinterwonderful,suchassittingbyaroaringfire,candryyourskin.(即使是那些讓冬天變得美好的事情，比如坐在熊熊燃燒的火爐旁，也會使你的皮膚干燥。)符合文意，該項提到了在冬季會讓皮膚變得干燥的原因，引出后文中對抗皮膚干燥以及解決問題的方法，起到承上啟下的作用。故選G項?！?7題詳解】由上文“Useahumidifier(加濕器)toincreasehumidity.(使用加濕器增加濕度)”可知，該段提到了加濕器能在一定程度上改善皮膚干燥的狀況，再由上文“Runahumidifierinyourentirehomeorinroomsyouspendthemosttimein,andaimtokeepindoorhumiditylevelsbetween30and50percent.(在你的整個家或你呆的時間最長的房間里安裝一個加濕器，目標是將室內(nèi)濕度保持在30%到50%之間)”可知，加濕器可以將室內(nèi)濕度保持在30%到50%之間。C項Oneoptionistoturnitonovernightwhileyou'resleeping.(一種選擇是在你睡覺的時候把它打開過夜)符合語境，其中it指代上文ahumidifier，有承上作用。故選C項?！?8題詳解】由上文“Ifyou’relookingtoescapedry,coldoutdoorair,youarelikelytoturnontheheatassoonasyougethome.(如果你想逃離干燥、寒冷的室外空氣，你很可能一回家就打開暖氣)”可知，為了避寒可以打開暖氣，E項Buthighcentralheatcanmaketheairinyourhouseevendrier.(但是，高的中心熱量會使你家的空氣更加干燥。)符合語境，指出暖氣會讓皮膚干燥。故選E項?！?9題詳解】由下文“Long,steamyshowersmaysoundlikeagreatideawhenit’scold,butveryhotwatercandryouttheskin.A5-to10-minutewarmshowerislesslikelytoworsendryskinthanahotone.(在寒冷的時候，長時間的蒸汽淋浴聽起來可能是個好主意，但熱水會使皮膚變干。與熱水淋浴相比，5到10分鐘的溫水淋浴不太可能惡化干燥的皮膚)”以及“Youshouldalsoavoidusingexcessivelyhotwatertowashyourhands.Dryskinfromexposuretohotwaterorcoolwinteraircancauseaneczema(濕疹).(你也應該避免用過熱的水洗手。皮膚因暴露在熱水或涼爽的冬季空氣中而干燥會導致濕疹)”可知，這里主要講避免長時間熱水洗澡和用過熱水洗手。D項Lowerwatertemperaturesforshoweringandhand-washing.(降低淋浴和洗手的水溫。)符合語境，對下文有總括作用。故選D項。【20題詳解】由上文“Youshouldalsoavoidusingexcessivelyhotwatertowashyourhands.Dryskinfromexposuretohotwaterorcoolwinteraircancauseaneczema(濕疹).(你也應該避免用過熱的水洗手。皮膚因暴露在熱水或涼爽的冬季空氣中而干燥會導致濕疹。)”可知，這里主要講避免用過熱的水洗手，F(xiàn)項Coolerwaterseemstobeaseffectiveandismorefriendlytotheskin.(冷水似乎同樣有效，對皮膚更友好)符合語境，其中Coolerwater與上文excessivelyhotwaterto對應，有承上作用。故選F項。第三部分語言運用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。DuringthefinaltermofmytheaterandperformancedegreeattheUniversityofLeeds,weplannedto____21____someinteractiveworkshopswithelderlyresidentstotryto____22____memoryandsocialengagement.Irememberbeing____23____,awarethatwewereworkingwitholdpeoplewhowerealmostnonverbal(不能說話的).Ihaddecidedtoplaymusicattheendofthesession.WewentwiththesongMyWay____24____thoseelderlyresidentswouldhavebeenlisteningtothehitsongintheirlate20s.OnceIpressedplay,nearlyeveryoneintheroomstoodupand____25____whatseemedlikeeveryword.Iwassodeeply____26____.Manyofthemwerecommunicatingmuchbetter.Itlookedandfeltlike____27____.OffIwenttodramaschool,butIthoughtaboutthat____28____almostdaily.Sowhenweweregiventheopportunitytowriteascript(劇本)fora____29____festival,Icreatedalovestoryabout_____30_____anddementia(癡呆),spanning50yearsofacouple’slife.Andnow,10yearslater.theshowI_____31_____isrunningagaininLondonthankstotheMusicforDementiacampaign.Inowknowthatmusic-basedinterventions(治療)_____32_____theneedforantipsychoticmedication(抗精神病藥物)inmorethan60percentofpeople_____33_____dementia.Idon’tknowwhatmyMyWaywouldbe,butIcertainlythinkweshouldalltrytofindour_____34_____anddoourbesttostayconnectedtothepeoplewe_____35_____itwith.21.A.hold B.stop C.delay D.suspend22.A.remove B.identify C.inspire D.assess23.A.thrilled B.nervous C.ashamed D.delighted24.A.until B.unless C.if D.because25.A.sang B.said C.heard D.wrote26.A.scared B.moved C.amused D.annoyed27.A.art B.magic C.hope D.mercy28.A.problem B.goal C.policy D.experience29.A.theater B.science C.flower D.sports30.A.water B.fruit C.music D.food31.A.performed B.watched C.recorded D.made32.A.repeat B.protect C.reduce D.ignore33.A.livingwith B.hearingof C.escapingfrom D.focusingon34.A.show B.time C.speech D.song35.A.take B.share C.discuss D.learn【語篇解讀】這是一篇記敘文。文章講述了作者在利茲大學戲劇和表演專業(yè)的最后一個學期，我們計劃舉辦一些與老年居民的互動講習班，通過音樂與這些老人建立聯(lián)系，并且讓他們的交流變得更好。這段難忘的經(jīng)歷給作者后來的生活和工作帶來了靈感。【答案】21.A22.C23.B24.D25.A26.B27.B28.D29.A30.C31.D32.C33.A34.D35.B【21題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：在我在利茲大學戲劇和表演專業(yè)的最后一個學期，我們計劃舉辦一些與老年居民的互動講習班，試圖激發(fā)記憶和社會參與。A.hold舉辦；B.stop停止；C.delay推遲；D.suspend暫停，懸掛。根據(jù)“someinteractiveworkshops”可知，此處表示舉辦一些互動講習班。故選A?！?2題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意同上。A.remove移除；B.identify鑒定，確認；C.inspire激發(fā)；D.assess進入。根據(jù)“someinteractiveworkshops”和“memoryandsocialengagement”可知，舉辦一些與老年居民的互動講習班，是為了激發(fā)記憶和社會參與。故選C。【23題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我記得自己很緊張，意識到我們在和幾乎不會說話的老人一起工作。A.thrilled激動的，興奮的；B.nervous緊張的；C.ashamed羞恥的；D.delighted高興的。根據(jù)“wewereworkingwitholdpeoplewhowerealmostnonverbal(不能說話的).”可知，和幾乎不能說話的老人一起工作，讓作者感到緊張。故選B?！?4題詳解】考查連詞詞義辨析。句意：我們選擇了《MyWay》這首歌，因為那些上了年紀的居民可能會在20多歲的時候聽這首熱門歌曲。A.until直到；B.unless除非；C.if如果；D.because因為。根據(jù)“thoseelderlyresidentswouldhavebeenlisteningtothehitsongintheirlate20s.”可知，此處解釋作者選擇《MyWay》這首歌的原因，應用because引導原因狀語從句。故選D。【25題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：一旦我按下播放鍵，幾乎房間里的每個人都站起來，唱出了似乎每一個字。A.sang唱；B.said說；C.heard聽見；D.wrote寫。根據(jù)“WewentwiththesongMyWay”可知，歌曲播放以后，房間里幾乎每個人都跟著唱。故選A?！?6題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我被深深地感動了。A.scared害怕的；B.moved感動的；C.amused逗樂的；D.annoyed惱怒的。根據(jù)“OnceIpressedplay,nearlyeveryoneintheroomstoodupand______whatseemedlikeeveryword.”可知，作者播放的歌曲得到了老人們的回應，因此被深深感動了。故選B。【27題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：它看起來和感覺都像魔法。A.art藝術；B.magic魔法；C.hope希望；D.mercy仁慈。根據(jù)“Manyofthemwerecommunicatingmuchbetter.”可知，本來幾乎不會說話的老人交流更好了，因此感覺像魔法一樣。故選B?！?8題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：后來我去了戲劇學校，但我?guī)缀趺刻於紩肫鹉嵌谓?jīng)歷。A.problem問題；B.goal目標；C.policy政策；D.experience經(jīng)歷，經(jīng)驗。根據(jù)上文的經(jīng)歷以及根據(jù)“OffIwenttodramaschool,butIthoughtabout”可知，作者幾乎每天都會想起那段經(jīng)歷。故選D?！?9題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：因此，當我們有機會為戲劇節(jié)寫劇本時，我創(chuàng)作了一個關于音樂和癡呆癥的愛情故事，跨越了一對夫婦50年的生活。A.theater戲??；B.science科學；C.flower花；D.sports運動。根據(jù)“Sowhenweweregiventheopportunitytowriteascript(劇本)”可知，此處表示有機會為戲劇節(jié)寫劇本。故選A?！?0題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意同上。A.water水；B.fruit水果；C.music音樂；D.food食物。根據(jù)下文“thankstotheMusicforDementiacampaign.”可知，此處指音樂。故選C?！?1題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：現(xiàn)在，10年過去了，多虧了“為癡呆癥而音樂”活動，我制作的節(jié)目又在倫敦上演了。A.performed表現(xiàn)，表演；B.watched觀看；C.recorded記錄；D.made制作。根據(jù)“runningagaininLondon”可知，作者制作的節(jié)目又一次上演。故選D?！?2題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我現(xiàn)在知道，以音樂為基礎的干預減少了超過60%的癡呆癥患者對抗精神病藥物的需求。A.repeat重復；B.protect保護；C.reduce減少；D.ignore忽視。根據(jù)“theneedforantipsychoticmedication(抗精神病藥物)”可知，以音樂為基礎的干預減少了超過60%的癡呆癥患者對抗精神病藥物的需求。故選C。【33題詳解】考查動詞短語辨析。句意同上。A.livingwith和……住在一起，患上；B.hearingof聽說；C.escapingfrom從……逃跑；D.focusingon集中于，專注于。根據(jù)“dementia”可知，此處表示患上癡呆癥共存的老人們。故選A?！?4題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我不知道我的《我的方式》會是什么，但我當然認為我們都應該努力找到我們的歌，盡我們最大的努力與我們分享的人保持聯(lián)系。A.show演出；B.time時間；C.speech演講；D.song歌。根據(jù)“Idon’tknowwhatmyMyWaywouldbe”可知，此處指歌曲。故選D?！?5題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意同上。A.take拿走；B.share分享；C.discuss談論；D.learn學習。根據(jù)“doourbesttostayconnectedtothepeople”可知，此處表示盡我們最大的努力與我們分享的人保持聯(lián)系。故選B。第二節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Over400piecesorsetsofDehuawhiteporcelain(瓷)are____36____displayintheNationalMuseumofChinainBeijingfromAug26forthreemonths.AccordingtoChenChao,____37____artistdevotedtoporcelainresearch,Dehuaporcelainisextraordinarilypureandwhitebecausethekaolin(高嶺土)inDehuacountyinFujianhasalowpercentageofiron,makingtheporcelainstainlesslikewhitejade,and____38____(earn)ittheFrenchname“BlancdeChine”,or“whitefromChina”.SittinginQuanzhoucity,____39____theancientMaritimeSilkRoadstarted,ithassoldlikehotcakesathomeandabroadsincetheSongDynasty.In2006,it____40____(list)asanationalintangibleculturalheritage.Despitethepastglories,Dehuacraftsmenneverstopimprovingtheirskills.Oneimpressiveskillis“theeggshell(薄胎)technique”,which____41____(date)backtotheMingDynasty.Withthetechnique____42____(improve)bygenerationsofcraftsmen,today'seggshellporcelaincanbemadeasthinaspaperandgauze(薄紗).Manypeoplewonderhowanoutstandingartworkcouldbemadefromporcelain.“First,alayerofkaolinisappliedtosheetsofpaper.Then,thepaperisheatedinakiln(窯)forseveraldays____43____itturnsintoashes.”explainedChen.However,thisismucheasiersaidthandone.Thefailurerateis____44____(extreme)high,soeveryworkconsumesthecraftsman'stimeandenergy.“BlancdeChineisa_____45_____(combine)oftraditionalChineseartisticskills