專題16 短文填空（首字母自由填空選詞雜糅）（講練）（解析版）-2024中考英語二輪復(fù)習(xí)

1/1專題16短文填空（首字母，選詞填空，自由填詞，雜糅）短文填空是中考英語試卷最難題目之一，它的分值是10-15分，分為10個(gè)小題。短文填空一般在一篇200~250字左右的故事性短文中挖出10個(gè)空，要求學(xué)生通讀短文，并根據(jù)上下文來補(bǔ)全短文，每空只能填一個(gè)單詞。主要考九大詞類（名詞、動(dòng)詞、形容詞、副詞、代詞、數(shù)詞、介詞、連詞、冠詞）。該題旨在測(cè)試考生的英語閱讀理解能力和簡(jiǎn)單的書面表達(dá)能力，看其是否能夠運(yùn)用所學(xué)過的英語知識(shí)進(jìn)行簡(jiǎn)單的書面交流，從而達(dá)到既考查學(xué)生的語言基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)，又考查他們的觀察能力、聯(lián)想能力以及對(duì)語言的綜合運(yùn)用能力。為了答好短文填空題目，我們要打好基礎(chǔ)關(guān)。這個(gè)基礎(chǔ)關(guān)既包括1600個(gè)單詞，300多個(gè)短語以及一部分常用句型和習(xí)慣用語的意思和用法，也包括各種詞的詞形變化?？枷?短文填空之選詞填空（2023·廣東）請(qǐng)從方框內(nèi)選擇適當(dāng)?shù)脑~并用其正確形式填空，使文章完整連貫。注意每空一詞，每詞僅用一次，有兩詞為多余項(xiàng)。請(qǐng)將答案寫在答題卡對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答題位置上。iteitherbebecausewhatelsebyinventcleanpopularhabithundredThereisasmallthingweuseeveryday.Weusuallyput____1____inthebathroom.Withoutit,wemighthavetoothproblems.Canyouguess____2____itis?Yes,it’sthetoothbrush.Butdoyouknowanythingaboutitshistory?Accordingtosomeresearch,beforetoothbrushesappeared,theancientChinesepeople____3____theirteethwithsomesmalltreebranches(樹枝).About800yearsago,peoplemadeakindofbrusheswithpighairandbamboo.Itmight____4____theworld’searliestformoftoothbrushes.Astimewent____5____,theformsoftoothbrusheschanged.Forexample,peoplechosehorse-tailhairinsteadofpighair____6____pighairwastoohard.Imaginethatyoutravelbackto____7____ofyearsagoandbrushyourteethcomfortably.Itsoundsfantastic,doesn’tit?Aroundthe15thcentury,theChinesetoothbrushfounditswayintoEurope.Itbecame____8____amonglocalpeoplesoon.The____9____oftoothbrusheswasnotasfamousasthatofpaper-making,butitwasveryusefulindailylife.Todaywehaveagood____10____ofbrushingteeth.WeshouldthanktheancientChineseforit.【答案】1.it2.what3.cleaned4.be5.by6.because7.hundreds8.popular9.invention10.habit【解析】本文介紹了牙刷的歷史和功能。1.句意：我們通常把它放在浴室里。指代前文“asmallthing”，需用代詞it。故填it。2.句意：你能猜出它是什么嗎？根據(jù)“Canyouguess...itis?”可知是詢問猜出它是什么。what“什么”。故填what。3.句意：根據(jù)一些研究，在牙刷出現(xiàn)之前，中國(guó)古人用一些小樹枝清潔牙齒。根據(jù)“beforetoothbrushesappeared,theancientChinesepeople...theirteeth...”可知沒有牙刷，古人會(huì)用樹枝清潔牙齒。cleantheteeth表示“清理牙齒”；句子是一般過去時(shí)，動(dòng)詞需用過去式。故填cleaned。4.句意：這可能是世界上最早的牙刷。此處是系表結(jié)構(gòu)，情態(tài)動(dòng)詞might后跟be動(dòng)詞原形。故填be。5.句意：隨著時(shí)間的推移，牙刷的形狀也發(fā)生了變化。Astimewentby“隨著時(shí)間的流逝”。故填by。6.句意：例如，人們選擇馬尾毛而不是豬毛，因?yàn)樨i毛太硬了。前后句之間是因果關(guān)系，前果后因，用because表示“因?yàn)椤薄９侍頱ecause。7.句意：想象一下，你回到幾百年前，舒舒服服地刷牙。根據(jù)“About800yearsago”可知此處是hundredsof短語，表示“數(shù)以百計(jì)的”。故填hundreds。8.句意：它開始流行起來。根據(jù)“Itbecame...amonglocalpeoplesoon.”可知空處需填入形容詞作表語，popular“受歡迎的”符合語境。故填popular。9.句意：牙刷的發(fā)明不像造紙術(shù)那樣出名，但在日常生活中非常有用。根據(jù)“The...oftoothbrushes”可知是指牙刷的發(fā)明。invention“發(fā)明”。故填invention。10.句意：今天我們養(yǎng)成了刷牙的好習(xí)慣。根據(jù)“Todaywehaveagood...ofbrushingteeth.”可知刷牙是好習(xí)慣。haveagoodhabitof“有一個(gè)……好習(xí)慣”。故填habit。選詞填空是指把一篇文章的關(guān)鍵詞語挖空，詞序打亂，讓學(xué)生根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容選擇正確的詞語填空。此類題型主要是要求學(xué)生在正確理解和把握文章的基礎(chǔ)上，通過分析行文線索來填寫空缺單詞，補(bǔ)全短文。STEP1詳讀選項(xiàng)，詞分類文章選項(xiàng)中的10個(gè)詞是考查的關(guān)鍵，考生應(yīng)該詳細(xì)的理解這10個(gè)單詞。熟悉的單詞標(biāo)明詞性和詞義，不熟悉的單詞或者不認(rèn)識(shí)的單詞只需標(biāo)明詞性，然后根據(jù)名詞、動(dòng)詞、形容詞、副詞四大類按規(guī)律排列在試卷上。這樣就縮小了選擇的范圍，降低了試題的難度。STEP2略讀全文，定中心考生拿到題目以后，由于考查考生對(duì)篇章的理解，應(yīng)該略讀整篇文章，確定文章的中心或主要說明的問題。要抓住文章首句，迅速找到文章的主題詞或主題。和完型填空一樣，一般文章第一句不設(shè)空格，以便讓考生知道本文的相關(guān)主題詞或主題。在此，建議大家使用略讀的方法，以快速掌握文章大意。STEP3瞻前顧后，靈活選詞性分類之后，回到原文中，根據(jù)原文中空格的前后單詞或者前后語句確定所要填的詞性，然后從分類好的單詞中選擇出詞性、意思、語法都符合要求的最佳選項(xiàng)。首先，根據(jù)語法知識(shí)確認(rèn)可以被填入此空的詞性，然后按第一步中標(biāo)注出的詞性進(jìn)行篩選，最后將備選詞逐個(gè)代入空中細(xì)讀句意，考慮上下問邏輯關(guān)系做出選擇。STEP4復(fù)核檢查，定結(jié)果篇章詞匯理解題目類似于完型填空，這需要考生不僅要迅速的確定答案，還要在確定答案之后迅速的復(fù)查。檢查上下文是否通順、上下文的邏輯結(jié)構(gòu)是否正確、文章的意思是否出現(xiàn)偏差等等，復(fù)查無誤后即可確定為最后答案?？枷?短文填空之選詞填空Passage1（2024·廣東佛山·一模）請(qǐng)用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~完成下面的短文，并把所缺單詞填寫在答題卡指定的位置上。每個(gè)空只能填寫一個(gè)形式正確、意義相符的單詞。live

especially

fall

change

for

build

hometown

he

impossible

dangerous

walk

stillInthemorning,WangXinrideshisnewbiketoschool.Thisyear,WangXin’sparentsboughtabike1him.WangXinnow2inasmallvillageinthemountains.Lifeusedtobeveryhardforhimand3family.Themainroadwassteep(陡峭的)andhadmany“Z”shapeturnings.Soitwasvery4todriveorridebikesonthisroad.Allotherroadsinthevillagewerefilledwithstones.Manypeopleeasilyfelldownbecauseofthesestonesandhurtthemselves,5atnight.ForlittlekidslikeWangXin,theyhadto6toschooleverydayforatleasttwoandahalfhours.Recently,great7havetakenplaceinthisvillage.Thankstothelocalgovernment,thenewroadswere8.Sincealloftheroadsnowarewideandsmooth,WangXinandotherkidsnowcanridetheirbikestoschool.Itonlytakesthemhalfanhourtogettoschool,whichis9forstudentsinthepast.“Ourvillageisbecomingmoreandmorebeautifulnow.Iwanttogotocollegetolearnmoreknowledgeandmakeacontribution(貢獻(xiàn))tomy10”WangXinsaid.“Weareallreallythankfultoourgreatgovernment.”【答案】1．for2．lives3．his4．dangerous5．especially6．walk7．changes8．built9．impossible10．hometown【解析】本文主要介紹了王欣的村莊近些年的變化。1．句意：今年，王欣的父母給他買了一輛自行車。根據(jù)“boughtabike”可知，buysthforsb“為某人買某物”。故填for。2．句意：王欣現(xiàn)在住在山里的一個(gè)小村莊里。根據(jù)“WangXinnow...inasmallvillageinthemountains.”可知，此處說的是王欣的居住地；本句時(shí)態(tài)為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，主語為第三人稱單數(shù)，動(dòng)詞live“居住”要用單三形式。故填lives。3．句意：對(duì)他和他的家人來說，過去的生活非常艱難。根據(jù)“himand...family”可知，此處指“他和他的家人”，應(yīng)用he的形容詞性物主代詞形式his修飾名詞。故填his。4．句意：所以在這條路上開車或騎自行車是非常危險(xiǎn)的。根據(jù)“Themainroadwassteepandhadmany‘Z’shapeturnings.”可知，在陡峭的路上騎車很危險(xiǎn)，dangerous“危險(xiǎn)的”，符合語境。故填dangerous。5．句意：許多人很容易因?yàn)檫@些石頭摔倒而受傷，尤其是在晚上。根據(jù)“Manypeopleeasilyfelldownbecauseofthesestonesandhurtthemselves”可知，夜晚出行尤其危險(xiǎn)，especially“特別，尤其”，符合語境。故填especially。6．句意：對(duì)于像王欣這樣的孩子來說，他們每天至少要走兩個(gè)半小時(shí)的路去上學(xué)。根據(jù)“driveorridebikesonthisroad”可知，他們不能騎車或開車上學(xué)，因此只能步行；walk“步行”，符合語境。故填walk。7．句意：最近，這個(gè)村子發(fā)生了很大的變化。根據(jù)“havetakenplaceinthisvillage”可知，此處說的是村子的變化，應(yīng)用可數(shù)名詞change“變化”的復(fù)數(shù)形式。故填changes。8．句意：多虧了當(dāng)?shù)卣?，新的道路得以修建。根?jù)“thenewroadswere”可知，此處指“修路”，主語newroads是動(dòng)作的承受者，應(yīng)用一般過去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)：was/weredone；build“修建”的過去分詞為built。故填built。9．句意：到學(xué)校只需要半個(gè)小時(shí)，這對(duì)過去的學(xué)生來說是不可能的。根據(jù)“foratleasttwoandahalfhours”可知，半個(gè)小時(shí)就能到學(xué)校，這在以前是不可能的，impossible“不可能的”，符合語境。故填impossible。10．句意：我想上大學(xué)，學(xué)習(xí)更多的知識(shí)，為家鄉(xiāng)做貢獻(xiàn)。根據(jù)“Ourvillageisbecomingmoreandmorebeautifulnow.Iwanttogotocollegetolearnmoreknowledgeandmakeacontributionto...”可知，此處指“為家鄉(xiāng)做貢獻(xiàn)”，hometown“家鄉(xiāng)”，符合語境。故填hometown。Passage2（2023·四川成都）短文填空從下面方框中選出10個(gè)單詞，將其正確形式填入短文，使短文意思正確通順(每詞限用一次)。actualadvantagechancechilddifficultdifferencefewhearmanypossiblesilencetellDoyoubelievearoseplantsays“Iwantsomewater”oratreeshouts“Myarmshurt”?Maybeyouwillsaythiscouldonlyhappeninsome___1___stories.Infact,plantsarenotalways___2___.Arecentstudyhasfoundplantsshoutwhentheyareinneedofwaterorhavingtheirstemscut.“Eveninaquietfield,thereare___3___somesoundsthatcarryinformation.However,thepitch(音高)istoohighforpeople___4___,”saidLilachHadany,aprofessorfromTelAvivUniversity.Theresearchersusedmicrophonestorecordsometomatoplantsandfoundthatstressedplantssendout___5___soundsthanunstressedplants.“Whentomatoesarenotstressedatall,theyareveryquiet,”ProfessorHadanysaid.Theyalsotrainedamachinein___6___thedifferencesbetweenthirstyplantsandcutplants.Theresultshowsthatwhenthecausesofstresschange,theyshout___7___.Aftertheteamrecordedmanykindsofotherplants,theyfoundthatmanyplantslikecorn,wheatandgrapeplantssendoutsoundswhentheyareunderstress,too.“Thereisa___8___thatalotofcommunicationishappening,”ProfessorHadanysaid.“Becauseotherplantscanprobablyhearthecallofthestressedplants.”Soundrecordingsofplantscouldbringhumanslotsof___9___,especiallyinfarming.Forexample,peoplewillmakesurewhethercornisgettingenoughwaterorwherewaterisneededmostwithoutmuch___10___.【答案】1.children’s2.silent3.actually4.tohear5.more6.telling7.differently8.possibility9.advantages10.difficulty【解析】本文是一篇科普類的文章，介紹了植物在承受不同壓力的時(shí)候會(huì)發(fā)出不同的聲音，并且介紹了植物的記錄在農(nóng)業(yè)方面的好處。1.句意：也許你會(huì)說這只會(huì)發(fā)生在一些兒童故事中。根據(jù)“thiscouldonlyhappeninsome…stories”及備選詞可知，只會(huì)發(fā)生在一些兒童故事中，要用child的復(fù)數(shù)形式children，且修飾名詞stories，用其名詞所有格形式，故填children’s。2.句意：事實(shí)上，植物并不總是沉默的。根據(jù)“thereare…somesoundsthatcarryinformation”可知，植物會(huì)發(fā)出一些聲音來傳遞信息，所以它們并不是沉默的，silent“沉默的”，故填silent。3.句意：即使在安靜的田野里，實(shí)際上也有一些攜帶信息的聲音。此空缺少副詞作狀語，備選詞actual的副詞actually“實(shí)際上”符合，故填actually。4.句意：然而，音調(diào)太高，人們聽不到。根據(jù)“thepitch(音高)istoohighforpeople”及備選詞可知，人們聽不到這些聲音，hear“聽”，too…to“太……而不能”，故填tohear。5.句意：研究人員用麥克風(fēng)記錄了一些番茄植株，發(fā)現(xiàn)受到壓力的植株比沒有受到壓力的植株發(fā)出更多的聲音。根據(jù)than可知，此處用比較級(jí)，根據(jù)“Whentomatoesarenotstressedatall,theyareveryquiet”可知，當(dāng)番茄完全沒有承受壓力時(shí)，它們會(huì)非常安靜，也就是說受到壓力的植株比沒有受到壓力的植株發(fā)出更多的聲音，many的比較級(jí)more“更多的”符合，故填more。6.句意：他們還訓(xùn)練了一臺(tái)機(jī)器來區(qū)分干渴的植物和被切割的植物。根據(jù)“thedifferencesbetweenthirstyplantsandcutplants”及備選詞可知，講述干渴的植物和切割的植物之間的區(qū)別，tell“講述”，in是介詞，后接動(dòng)名詞，故填telling。7.句意：研究結(jié)果表明，當(dāng)壓力的原因發(fā)生變化時(shí)，它們產(chǎn)生的效果會(huì)有所不同。根據(jù)“whenthecausesofstresschange,theyshout”以及備選詞可知，壓力原因發(fā)生變化，產(chǎn)生的效果也不同，副詞differently修飾動(dòng)詞shout，故填differently。8.句意：有一種可能性是大量的交流正在發(fā)生。根據(jù)a可知，此空應(yīng)填名詞，備選詞possible的名詞possibility符合，表示一種可能性，故填possibility。9.句意：植物的記錄可以給人類帶來很多好處，尤其是在農(nóng)業(yè)方面。根據(jù)“peoplewillmakesurewhethercornisgettingenoughwater…”可知，會(huì)給人們帶來一些好處，advantage“優(yōu)勢(shì)”，lotsof修飾名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式，故填advantages。10.句意：例如，人們可以毫不費(fèi)力地確定玉米是否有足夠的水或者哪里最需要水。根據(jù)前文描述可知，這種記錄可以給人們帶來好處，所以此處指毫不費(fèi)力地確定玉米是否有足夠的水或者哪里最需要水，withoutdifficulty“毫不費(fèi)力地”，故填difficulty。Passage3（2024·中山一模）用方框里面的單詞填空it,today,become,difference,state,great,through,begin,wide,beChinesewritingisoneoftheworld's1.writingsystems.Itismore2.inusethanalphabetic(字母的)writingsystems.Morethanhalfoftheworld'sbooks3.writteninChinese,includinghistoricalwritingsandnovels,alongwithwritingsongovernmentandlaw.

Atthebeginning,writtenChinesewasapicture-basedlanguage.Itdatesbackseveralthousandyearstotheuseofanimalbonesandshellsonwhichsymbolswerecarved(刻)byancientChinesepeople.Someoftheancientsymbolscanstillbeseenin4.hanzi.

BytheShangDynasty,thesesymbolshad5.awell-developedwritingsystem.Overtheyears,thesystemdevelopedintodifferentforms,asitwasatimewhenpeopleweredividedgeographically,leadingto6.dialects(方言)andcharacters.This,however,changedunderEmperorQinshihuangoftheQinDynasty.

EmperorQinshihuangunited(統(tǒng)一)thesevenmajor7.intoonecountrywheretheChinesewritingsystem8.todevelopinonedirection.ThatwritingsystemwasofgreatimportanceinunitingtheChinesepeopleandculture.Eventoday,nomatterwhereChinesepeopleliveorwhatdialecttheyspeak,theycanallstillcommunicateinwriting.WrittenChinesehasalsobecomeanimportantmethodtoconnectChina'spresentwith9.past.PeopleinmoderntimescanreadtheclassicworkswhichwerewrittenbyChineseinancienttimes.

Today,ChinesewritingsystemisstillanimportantpartofChineseculture.AsChinaplaysagreatroleintheworld,anincreasingnumberofinternationalstudentsarebeginningtoappreciate(欣賞)China'sculture10.thisamazinglanguage.WrittenChinesespreadsChineseculturewhereveritgoes.

【答】案1.greatest2.widely3.are4.today's5.become6.different7.states8.began9.its10.throughPassage4（2024·遼寧撫順·一模）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，用方框中所給詞的正確形式填空，使短文完整、正確。themselves,

easy,

number,

if,

be,

last,

and,

watch,

a,

fromIt’shardtoimaginelifewithouttheInternet.Howgreatlyithaschangedourlivesinthepast15yearssinceitwaswidelyused.Atthesametime,however,theInternethasalsocausedsometraditionstofallaway(消失).E-mailisquickerandcheaper.Gettingahandwrittenletter1afriendhasbecomearare(稀有的)pleasure.Whowouldliketopay60yuanfor12songsinaplasticcase2youcanfindmusicintheInternetforfree?WhenalmostanyfactcanbefoundwithinsecondsthroughGoogle3Baidu,personalmemorybecomeslessimportant.TheWebcanrememberitforus.Whenwasthelasttimeyou4theworldoutofawindow?Whenwasthe5timeyoureadafavoritebookonceagain?Whenwasthelasttimeyousatinthecinemawithyourfamily?Moreandmorepeoplelose6intheInternet.Theyshowlessinterestandspendlesstimeintheoutsideworld.You’vespentthepastfewyearstalkingwithyourfriendsonQQ,orreadingabouthisorherQQsquare,someeting7friendisnolongerasimportantasitoncewas.HaveyoueverfoundyourselfdoinghomeworkwithoneeyeonaQQSpacewindow?Agrowing8ofpeoplesaytheInternetisstoppingyoungpeoplefromfixingtheirattentiononanythingforalongtime.WhenyousurftheInternet,itfeelslikesomethingyou’reenjoyingandnobodyknowsit.Butwhenyourealizejusthowmanypeople9watchingyoureverymove,itmightjustmakeyoumad.Manypeoplehaverealizedtheirpersonalinformationcanbefound10intheInterneteventheydon’twantto.【答案】1．from2．if3．a(chǎn)nd4．watched5．last6．themselves7．a(chǎn)8．number9．a(chǎn)re10．easily【解析】本文主要講了互聯(lián)網(wǎng)對(duì)人們生活的改變。1．句意：收到朋友的手寫信件已經(jīng)成為一種難得的樂趣。根據(jù)“Gettingahandwrittenletter...afriend”及備選詞可知，此處指“收到來自朋友的信”，from“來自”。故填from。2．句意：誰愿意花60元買一個(gè)塑料盒里的12首歌，如果能免費(fèi)在網(wǎng)上找到音樂？根據(jù)“youcanfindmusicintheInternetforfree”及備選詞可知，此處是if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句，故填if。3．句意：當(dāng)幾乎任何事實(shí)都可以通過谷歌和百度在幾秒鐘內(nèi)找到時(shí)，個(gè)人記憶就變得不那么重要了。根據(jù)“Google...Baidu”可知，此處表并列，結(jié)合備選詞可知，and“和”符合。故填and。4．句意：你上一次透過窗戶看世界是什么時(shí)候？根據(jù)“thelasttime”可知，時(shí)態(tài)為一般過去時(shí)，動(dòng)詞用過去式；根據(jù)“theworldoutofawindow”及備選詞可知，此處指“透過窗戶看世界”，watch“觀看”，過去式為watched。故填watched。5．句意：你上一次重讀一本喜歡的書是什么時(shí)候？根據(jù)上文“Whenwasthelasttimeyou”及下文“Whenwasthelasttime”可知，此處句式結(jié)構(gòu)一致，所以也是last。故填last。6．句意：越來越多的人在互聯(lián)網(wǎng)上迷失了自己。根據(jù)“l(fā)ose”可知，此處考查loseoneself“迷失自我”，people對(duì)應(yīng)的是themselves。故填themselves。7．句意：在過去的幾年里，你和你的朋友在QQ上聊天，或者閱讀他或她的QQ廣場(chǎng)，所以見一個(gè)朋友不再像以前那么重要了。根據(jù)“someeting...friendisnolongerasimportantasitoncewas”可知，此處表泛指，用不定冠詞，friend輔音音素開頭，所以填不定冠詞a。故填a。8．句意：越來越多的人說互聯(lián)網(wǎng)阻止了年輕人長(zhǎng)時(shí)間專注于任何事情。根據(jù)“Agrowing...ofpeople”及備選詞可知，此處考查anumberof“許多”，故填number。9．句意：但當(dāng)你意識(shí)到有多少人在看著你的一舉一動(dòng)時(shí)，這可能會(huì)讓你發(fā)瘋。根據(jù)“Butwhenyourealizejusthowmanypeople...watchingyoureverymove”可知，此處是現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)，缺be動(dòng)詞，主語為“people”，所以be動(dòng)詞為are。故填are。10．句意：許多人已經(jīng)意識(shí)到他們的個(gè)人信息可以很容易地在互聯(lián)網(wǎng)上找到，即使他們不愿意。根據(jù)“canbefound”及備選詞可知，此處指“輕易被發(fā)現(xiàn)”，easy副詞形式easily“容易地”修飾動(dòng)詞“found”。故填easily。Passage5（2023·山東泰安）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，用方框中所給詞的正確形式填空，使短文完整、正確。improve,solve,unusual,why,read,expression,good,from,enough,mightChatGPTisanAIsystem(系統(tǒng))thatcanhaveadiscussionandcreatewrittenwork.Itcancreatematerialbasedonwhatithaslearned____36____digitalbooksandonlinenaissance.NowthreehighschoolstudentsinCyprushavedevelopedan____37____robotwiththehelpoftheirteachers.ItisspecialasitusesChatGPTAItechnology.TherobotisnamedAInstein.Itisthesizeofasmalladultandevenhasascreenforafacethatappearstoshowhumanfacial(面部)____38____.ItspeaksaNorthAmericanformofEnglish.Anditcantelljokes,like“____39____wasthemathbooksad?Becauseithadtoomanyproblems.”Therobotenjoys____40____sciencebooksandspendingtimeplayingtheviolin.ThecreatorsofAInsteinwanttousethetechnologyto____41____learningexperiencesintheclassroom.Infact,there____42____beaplaceforrobotsineducationafterall.BritisheducationexpertAnthonySeldonpredictsthatrobotswilltakeovertheclassroomin2027andteacherswillworkastheirhelpers.Onethingiscertain,though.Arobotteacheris____43____thannoteacheratall.Insomepartsoftheworld,therearen’t____44____teachersand9—16percentofchildrenundertheageof14don’tgotoschool.Thatproblemcouldbepartly____45____byrobots,becausetheycanteachanywhereandwon’tgetstressed,ortired,ormovesomewhereforaneasier,higher-paidjob.【答案】36.from37unusual38.expressions39.Why40.reading41.improve42.might43.better44.enough45.solved【解析】本文主要介紹了塞浦路斯的三名高中生在老師的幫助下發(fā)明了一種不同尋常的機(jī)器人，它使用了ChatGPT人工智能技術(shù)。36.句意：它可以根據(jù)從數(shù)字書籍和在線誕生中學(xué)到的東西來創(chuàng)作材料。根據(jù)“whatithaslearned...digitalbooksandonlinenaissance.”結(jié)合選詞可知是指從中學(xué)習(xí)來創(chuàng)作材料，learnfrom“從……學(xué)習(xí)”，故填from。37.句意：現(xiàn)在，塞浦路斯的三名高中生在老師的幫助下發(fā)明了一種不同尋常的機(jī)器人。此空應(yīng)填形容詞作定語，且以元音音素開頭，結(jié)合“Itisspecial”可知unusual“不同尋常的”符合語境，故填unusual。38.句意：它的大小相當(dāng)于一個(gè)小成人，甚至還有一個(gè)屏幕，可以顯示人類的面部表情。根據(jù)“afacethatappearstoshowhumanfacial(面部)”可知此處是指面部表情，應(yīng)用expression“表情”，此處應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)表示泛指，故填expressions。39.句意：為什么數(shù)學(xué)書是悲傷的？根據(jù)“Becauseithadtoomanyproblems”可知是問原因，應(yīng)用why，故填Why。40.句意：機(jī)器人喜歡閱讀科學(xué)書籍和拉小提琴。enjoydoingsth“喜歡做某事”，此處應(yīng)填動(dòng)名詞作賓語，結(jié)合選詞可知reading“閱讀”符合語境，故填reading。41.句意：“愛因斯坦”的發(fā)明者希望利用這項(xiàng)技術(shù)改善課堂上的學(xué)習(xí)體驗(yàn)。此空位于動(dòng)詞不定式后，應(yīng)用動(dòng)詞原形，結(jié)合選詞可知是指改善課堂上的學(xué)習(xí)體驗(yàn)，應(yīng)用動(dòng)詞improve“改善”，故填improve。42.句意：事實(shí)上，機(jī)器人終究有可能在教育領(lǐng)域占有一席之地。根據(jù)“Infact,there...beaplaceforrobotsineducationafterall”結(jié)合選詞可知是指機(jī)器人有可能在教育領(lǐng)域占有一席之地，應(yīng)用情態(tài)動(dòng)詞might“可能”，故填might。43.句意：機(jī)器人老師總比沒有老師好。根據(jù)“than”可知應(yīng)該用形容詞比較級(jí)，結(jié)合語境和選詞可知good的比較級(jí)better符合，故填better。44.句意：在世界上的一些地方，沒有足夠的教師，9—16%的14歲以下兒童沒有上學(xué)。根據(jù)“Insomepartsoftheworld,therearen’t...teachers”可知是指沒有足夠的教師，應(yīng)用enough“足夠的”，故填enough。45.句意：機(jī)器人可以在一定程度上解決這個(gè)問題，因?yàn)樗鼈兛梢栽谌魏蔚胤浇虝?，不?huì)感到壓力或疲勞，也不會(huì)為了一份更容易、薪水更高的工作而搬到其他地方。根據(jù)“Thatproblemcouldbepartly...byrobots,”可知是指解決問題，應(yīng)用solve表示“解決”，此處是含有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語態(tài)，動(dòng)詞用過去分詞，故填solved。Passage6詞語運(yùn)用,有兩個(gè)詞為多余項(xiàng)by,take,quick,exciting,return,without,he,rule,which,result,achieve,differentAsafamouspianomaster,Paderewskiwasadmiredbymanypeople.Wishingtomakeprogressonthepiano,oneday,aboy1.toaPaderewski'sconcertbyhismother.Aftertheywereseated,themothersawafriendandwalkeduptogreether,leavingtheboyalonein2.seat.

Catchingthechancetoexplorethewondersoftheconcerthall,thelittleboystoodupandfinallymadehiswaythroughadoor3.wasmarked“NoAdmittance(進(jìn)入).”Soon,thehallgotdarkandtheconcertwasabouttobegin.Whenthemother4.toherseat,shediscoveredthatthechildwasmissing.

Suddenly,thelightsfocusedonthepianoonthestage.Insurprise,themotherfoundherlittleboysittingatthepiano.5.knowingwherehewas,theboywaspickingoutTwinkle,Twinkle,LittleStar.

Atthatmoment,thegreatpianomasterappeared,movedtothepiano6.,andwhispered(耳語)intheboy'sear,“Don'tstop.Keepplaying.”Thenhesatdownandaddedarunningobbligato(伴奏).Together,theoldmasterandtheyoungbeginnerchangedanembarrassingsituationintoawonderfullycreativeexperience.Itbecameoneofthe7.partsofthewholeconcertthatevening.Thepeopleweretouchedsomuchbythemasterandthemotherwasshocked.Shebelievedthatsuchanexperiencewouldmakeabig8.toherboy'slife.

Infact,that'sthewayitisinlife.Whatwecandoonourownishardlyunusual.Wetriedourbest,butthe9.aren'texactlysmoothmusiclikewhatwehaveexpected.Butwhenwetrustinthehandsofagreaterpower,ourlife'sworkcanbetrulybeautiful.

Nexttimeyousetout10.greatworks,listencarefully.Youcanhearthevoiceofthemaster,whisperinginyourear,“Don'tstop.Keepplaying.”

【答案】1.wastaken2.his3.which4.returned5.Without6.quickly7.mostexciting8.difference9.results10.toachievePassage7用方框內(nèi)單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空go,stop,beer,on,and,slow,frighten,another,minute,where,turn,ifOnedayastrongcowboywastravelingonhishorsewhenhesawabar.Hedecidedto____1____forafewdrinks,sohetiedhishorseoutsidethebar,walkedintothebarandorderedtwobottlesof____2____.Thiscowboywasnewintown.Helookedaroundandnoticedsomepeoplemakingfacestohim.Heguessedthattheymightplaysometricks____3____him,buthesaidnothingandcontinuedtodrink.Afterdrinking,hewalkedoutofthebar____4____foundhishorselost.However,hekeptcalm,camebackintothebar,andsaid____5____,"Idon'tknowwhatyoufoolsdidtomyhorseoutthere…butI'mleavinginfiveminutes,andbythenifmyhorseisn'tbackwhereit'ssupposedtobe,well…IhavetodoherewhatIdidinTexas!"Thecowboyadded,"AndIdon'twanttodowhatIdidinTexas!"Afterhearingthesewords,theothercustomersseemedalittlebit____6____.Thecowboywentbacktohisseatandordered____7____twobottlesofbeer.Afterfive____8____,hewalkedoutandfoundhishorsetied____9____itwassupposedtobe.Justashewasleaving,thebossofthebarcameupandaskedcuriously,"WhatwasthethingthatyoudidinTexasbutyoudidn'twanttodohere?"Thecowboy____10____tothebossandrepliedinalowvoice,"Ihadtowalkhome!"【答案】1.stop2.beer3.on4.and5.slowly6.frightened7.another8.minutes9.Where10.turnedPassage8用方框內(nèi)單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空actualbuydecideenvironmentmanagesheducereuseruleskillspeakManypeopleknowtheimportanceofprotectingtheenvironment.However,mostofthemthinktheycandolittletohelpsolvetheworld’s1.problems.NewYorkerLaurenSingerdoesn’tthinkso.ThebeautifulgirlstudiedenvironmentalscienceatNewYorkUniversity.Butshenotonlywantedtolearnaboutsustainability(可持續(xù)發(fā)展),butshealsowantedto2.liveit.Duringherfinalyearofcollege,shebeganworkingtowardslivinga“ZeroWaste”life.Sincethen,shehasgonetwoyearswithout3.anylitter.

Laurensaidthatshemadethe4.tolivea“ZeroWaste”lifefortworeasons.Thefirstwasherteacher’s5.abouttheimportanceof“l(fā)ivingyourvalues”.Thesecondwasthelunchherclassmatebroughttoclasseveryweek.Sheusedalotofplasticbags,forks,bottles,etc.tocarrythefoodandthenthrewthemaway.ThismadeLaurenthinkalot.“We’resupposedtobethefutureofthisplanetbutnowwe6.itupwithourlitter.”

It’seasiersaidthandone.Thepasttwoyearshasn’tbeeneasyforLauren.Shestopped7.anythingwrapped(包裝)inplasticandbegantakingherownbagstothesupermarket.Shedidn’tbuynewclothesandshoppedonlyinsecond-handstores.Andshetriedtobuy8.thingswhichcanbeusedmanytimes.Sheevermadeallherowncleaningproductsfromtoothpastetodetergent(洗衣粉)by9..Tohelpthosewhowanttofollowherfootstepsbutdon’thavethetimeor10.likeher,Laurenrecentlystartedherownwaste-freeproductcompany,TheSimplyCo.

【答案】1.ducing4.decision5.speech6.aremessing7.buying8.reusable9.herself10.skillsPassage9詞語運(yùn)用,有兩個(gè)詞為多余項(xiàng)wise,forest,soon,game,catch,scare,nothing,danger,fortunate,to,point,becauseLonglongago,therewasacrowdofantelopes(羚羊)inthe1..Inthiscrowdtherewasa2.teacher.Hewasadmiredbyeveryone3.hetaughttheyoungthetricksandstrategiesofsurvival(生存策略).

Oneday,hisyoungersisterbroughtherson4.himandaskedhimtoteachwhatwasimportanttoantelopes.Shesaid,“Dearbrother,thisismyson,Dick.Pleaseteachhimthetricksandstrategiesofsurvival.”TheteachersaidtoDick,“Youcancomeatthistimetomorrowforyourfirstlesson.”

Atfirst,Dickcametohavelessonsontimeeveryday.But5.,Dickbecamemoreinterestedinplayinggameswithothers,sohebegantocutclasses.However,hedidn'trealizehow6.itcouldbeforayoungantelopewholearnednothingbut7..

8.,onedaytheyoungantelopesteppedinatrap(陷阱).KnowingDickwasmissing,hismotherwasworried.Shewenttoherbrotherandaskedhim,“Dearbrother,howismyson?Haveyoutaughthimthetricksandstrategiesofsurvival?”Theteacherreplied,“Mydearsister,Itriedmybesttoteachhim,butyoursondidnotwanttolearnthetricksandstrategiesofsurvival.Hecutclasses.HowcouldIpossiblyteachhim?”

Atthistime,theyheardthatDick9.inatrap.Theyhurriedtorescuehimbeforeitwastoolate.Dickwastoo10.tomoveandregretteddeeply.

Iftheyoungantelopehadkeptlearningcarefullyallthetime,hewouldn'thavebeencaught.【答案】1.forest2.wise3.because4.to5.soon6.dangerous7.games8.Unfortunately9.wascaught10.scaredPassage10（2023·江蘇鹽城·?？级＃╅喿x短文，從方框中選擇適當(dāng)?shù)脑~并用其正確形式填空，使短文通順、意思完整。每詞或短語限用一次。hometown

study

he

treat

help

health

silence

west

accordingto

serveasWuMing,a27-year-oldGerman,isabigfanofChineseculture,liketheShaolinkungfu.HehasbeenlearningTCM—traditionalChinesemedicinesince2016.Nowhe1atHenanUniversityofChineseMedicine.Ashethoughtsomeillnessescan’t2wellwithmodernmedicine,hedecidedtostudyTCM.WucametoHenanProvincein2015,wheretheTCMculturecanbeenjoyedbecauseHenanProvinceisthe3ofZhangZhongjing.AfterlearningtheChineselanguageforoneyear,hestartedtolearnChinesemedicine.“TCMisoneofthebestpartsinChineseculture,”saidWu.HehopestosolveproblemsandunderstandChineseculturebylearningTCM.StudyingTCMalsochangedWu’smindandlifestyle.Heusedtospendmuchtimeplayingcomputergamesandstayuplateeverynight,losthimselfinthisfast-pacedbut4lifestyle.Butnowhelivesahealthyandpeacefullife,practicinggoodhabitslikedrinkingteaandsitting5,aswellasreadingancientbooks,6theYin-Yangtheory(理論)inTCM.Wualsomakesuseofwhathehaslearned7hisfamily.Acupuncture(針灸)toolsandChinesemedicinewerewelcomedwhenhewentbackto48homeinGermany.WithacupunctureandChinese-stylemassages,manyphysicalhealthproblemsofhisfamilieshavebeensolved.Now,healwaysprovideshisfamilywithsomeadviceaboutstayinghealthyafterhecheckstheirtongues(舌頭)online.Overtime,hisfamilybegantounderstandhispassionaboutTCM.InWu’sopinion,there’snobigdifferencebetweenChinaand9countries.HeplanstorunatraditionalChineseclinic(診所)inChinaorGermanyafteruniversity,whichcould10abridgebetweenthetwocountriesandmakeTCManditscultureknownbymorepeople.【答案】1．studies/isstudying2．betreated3．hometown4．unhealthy5．silently6．a(chǎn)ccordingto7．tohelp8．his9．Western10．serveas【解析】本文主要講述了德國(guó)人無名在中國(guó)學(xué)習(xí)中醫(yī)并打算學(xué)成之后開設(shè)中醫(yī)館的故事。1．句意：現(xiàn)在就讀于河南中醫(yī)藥大學(xué)。根據(jù)“atHenanUniversityofChineseMedicine”可知在河南中醫(yī)藥大學(xué)學(xué)習(xí)，study“學(xué)習(xí)”，結(jié)合“Now”可知可以表達(dá)現(xiàn)在的狀態(tài)，或現(xiàn)階段正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作，用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)或現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)。studies/isstudying。2．句意：由于他認(rèn)為有些疾病不能用現(xiàn)代醫(yī)學(xué)很好地治療，他決定學(xué)可知習(xí)中醫(yī)。根據(jù)“someillnessescan’t...wellwithmodernmedicine”可知用現(xiàn)在醫(yī)學(xué)治不好，treat“治療”，與主語之間是動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，此處用含情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語態(tài)。故填betreated。3．句意：無名于2015年來到河南省，因?yàn)楹幽鲜∈菑堉倬暗募亦l(xiāng)，所以可以享受到中醫(yī)文化。根據(jù)“becauseHenanProvinceisthe...ofZhangZhongjing”結(jié)合常識(shí)可知張仲景的家鄉(xiāng)在河南，hometown“家鄉(xiāng)”。故填hometown。4．句意：他過去經(jīng)?；ê芏鄷r(shí)間玩電腦游戲，每晚都熬夜，在這種快節(jié)奏但不健康的生活方式中迷失了自己。根據(jù)“Heusedtospendmuchtimeplayingcomputergamesandstayuplateeverynight”可知花費(fèi)大量時(shí)間玩電腦游戲且熬夜到很晚，是不健康的生活方式，用health的形容詞形式unhealthy表示“不健康的”。故填unhealthy。5．句意：但根據(jù)中醫(yī)的陰陽學(xué)說，他現(xiàn)在過著健康平和的生活，養(yǎng)成了喝茶、靜坐、閱讀古書等好習(xí)慣。根據(jù)“Butnowhelivesahealthyandpeacefullife,practicinggoodhabitslikedrinkingteaandsitting...,aswellasreadingancientbooks”可知現(xiàn)在的生活方式很平和，由此推出是靜坐，用silence的副詞形式sliently表示“默默地，靜靜地”，副詞修飾動(dòng)詞。故填silently。6．句意：但根據(jù)中醫(yī)的陰陽學(xué)說，他現(xiàn)在過著健康平和的生活，養(yǎng)成了喝茶、靜坐、閱讀古書等好習(xí)慣。根據(jù)“theYin-YangtheoryinTCM”可知此處是根據(jù)中醫(yī)的陰陽學(xué)碩來調(diào)整自己的生活方式，accordingto“根據(jù)”。故填accordingto。7．句意：無名還利用他所學(xué)到的知識(shí)來幫助他的家人。根據(jù)“Wualsomakesuseofwhathehaslearned...hisfamily.”可知用所學(xué)的中醫(yī)知識(shí)來幫助家人，help“幫助”，此處用動(dòng)詞不定式作目的狀語。故填tohelp。8．句