墨西哥失業(yè)率調(diào)研和分析報(bào)告（英文版）-2024年1月上傳培訓(xùn)課件

COUNTRIES

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REGIONSUnemploymentinMexicoCHAPTER

01OverviewofthelabormarketLaborforceparticipationrateinMexicofrom1stquarter2017to2ndquarter2022,bygenderShareofeconomicallyactivepopulationinMexicoQ12017-Q22022,bygenderMaleFemale90%80%70%60%50%40%30%77.4%77.6%77.8%77.4%77.1%77.5%77.7%77.5%77.1%77.2%76.9%77.1%76.4%76.3%76.4%76.5%76.24%76.3%75.5%75.9%75.8%75.7%74.2%74.2%72.6%63.3%46.5%45.8%45.1%45.32%46%45.4%44.9%44.9%43.7%43.6%43.9%43.7%42.6%44.9%44.7%43.9%44.2%43.6%42.8%42.9%42.9%43.2%42.4%41.7%39.9%37%Q1

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′233Description:ThelaborparticipationrateamongwomeninMexicoisconsiderablylowerthanthatoftheirmalecounterparts.Inthesecondquarterof2023,merely46percentofadultfemalesintheNorthAmericancountrywereeconomicallyactive.Bycontrast,76.3percentofmenwereeitheremployedorlookingforajobinthesametimeperiod.ReadmoreNote(s):Mexico;Q12017toQ22023;15yearsandolderSource(s):IMCO;INEGIMexico:Distributionoftheworkforceacrosseconomicsectorsfrom2011to2021DistributionoftheworkforceacrosseconomicsectorsinMexico2021AgricultureIndustryServices100%90%80%70%60%50%40%30%20%10%0%62.02%24.3%62.22%24.06%62.04%24.31%61.42%24.81%61.41%61.15%60.87%61.13%26.25%61.96%25.74%62.16%25.36%62.02%25.64%25.16%25.75%26.01%13.69%201113.72%201213.65%201313.77%201413.43%201513.1%201613.12%201712.62%201812.3%201912.48%202012.33%20214/statistics/275428/distribution-of-the-workforce-across-economic-sectors-in-mexicoThestatisticshowsthedistributionoftheworkforceacrosseconomicsectorsinMexicofrom2011to2021.In2021,12.33percentoftheworkforceinMexicowereemployedinagriculture,25.64percentinindustryand62.02percentinservices.

ReadmoreNote(s):Source(s):WorldBankDistributionoftotalemployedpopulationinMexicofrom2015to2022,bystatusMexico:employedpopulationsharebystatus2015-2022EmployeesOwn-accountworkersContributingfamilyworkersEmployers120%100%80%60%40%20%0%201520162017201820192020202120225Description:In2022,around68.15percentoftheemployedpopulationofMexicoheld"paidemploymentjobs",orjobswheretheyheldemploymentcontractswithrighttobasicremuneration.Mexico'sshareofemployeesinthecountry'stotalemployedworkforcewasabovetheaverageofLatinAmericaandtheCaribbean.ReadmoreNote(s):2015to2022Source(s):ILOPercentageoftheworkingpopulationemployedintheinformalsectorinMexicofromthe1stquarter2019tothe2ndquarter2023,bygenderShareofemploymentintheinformalsectorinMexicoQ12019-Q22023,bygenderMaleFemale32.0%30.0%28.0%26.0%24.0%22.0%20.0%29.8%28.1%29.7%28.2%29.4%27.9%29.3%29.3%28.1%29.3%27.6%29.2%

29.2%29.1%27.5%29.1%27.5%29%29%29%28.8%

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Q2′236Description:Exceptforthesecondquarterof2020,theshareofemploymentintheinformalsectorinMexicowashigheramongwomenthanmenthroughoutthewholeperiodunderconsideration.Inthesecondquarterof2023,29.1percentofworkingwomenand27.5percentofworkingmenwereemployedintheinformalsector.ReadmoreNote(s):Mexico;Q12019toQ22023;15yearsandolder;seasonallyadjustedSource(s):INEGIUniversitydegreeswiththehighestunemploymentratesinMexico2023UndergraduatestudieswiththehighestunemploymentrateinMexico2023Shareofunemployedgraduates0%2%4%6%8%10%12%14%LiteratureMiningandextraction12.8%8.7%8.4%EcologyandenvironmentalsciencesIndustrialengineering7.7%Foodengineering7%6.5%6.2%6.1%6%5.8%NutritionCriminologyPloticalsciencesTechnologyinnovationandcommunicationsSociologyandanthropoly7Description:LiteraturewastheleastempoyabledegreeinMexicoasof2023,asnearlyoneoutofeveryeightgraduatesfromthosestudieswereunemployedthatyear.Miningandextractionfollowedastheseconduniversitydegreewiththelargestunemploymentrateof8.7.ReadmoreNote(s):Mexico;2023Source(s):IMCO;INEGICHAPTER

02UnemploymentnumbersEconomicallyactivepopulationinMexicofrom1stquarter2013to2ndquarter2023,byemploymentstatusMexico:economicallyactivepopulation2013-2023EmployedUnemployed70,000,00060,000,00050,000,00040,000,00030,000,00020,000,00010,000,00009Description:MostoftheeconomicallyactivepopulationinMexicoismadeupofemployedpeople.Inthesecondquarterof2023,atotalof58.52millionresidentsinMexicowereconsideredeconomicallyactive.Morethan95percentofthem,around57million,carriedoutsomekindofremuneratedeconomicactivityandwerethereforeconsideredfullyorpartlyemployed.Thequantityofpeoplewhowereeitherunemployedorsearchingforajobneared1.7millionthatsamequarter,thesecondlowest[...]

ReadmoreNote(s):Mexico;Q12013toQ22023;15yearsandolder;*Valuesforunemployedpersonsinthesecondquarterof2020arenotavailable.

ReadmoreSource(s):ConsejoNacionaldePoblacióndeMéxico;INEGINumberofjoblossesinMexicointhe1stquarter2023,byreasonNumberofdismissalsinMexicoQ12023,bycause350,000302,147300,000250,000200,000150,000125,478100,00050,000057,2772,358Contractorjobforwhichhe/shewashiredendedDownsizingEmploymentsourceclosedorwentbankruptEmploymentsourcemovedelsewhere*10Description:Mostjoblossesinthefirstquarterof2023inMexicowereduetotheworker'scontractorjobcomingtoanend.Furthermore,about125,500jobswerelostbecausethesourceofemploymentcarriedoutadownsizing.

ReadmoreNote(s):Mexico;*Thesourcereportsthatthelevelofprecision(expressedbyitscoefficientofvariation)forthisvalueislow.ReadmoreSource(s):INEGINumberofunemployedpersonsinMexicointhe2ndquarter2023,byagegroup(in1,000s)UnemployedpopulationinMexicoQ22023,byage800673.17006005004003002001000363.96239.83179.57168.9568.190.8415-19years20-29years30-39years40-49years50-59years60andmoreUnspecified11Description:Outofthetotal1.69millionunemployedpersonsinMexicointhesecondquarterof2023,over673,100were20to29yearsold,thelargestagegroupamongthoseoutofjob.Another363,960unemployedpersonswerebetween30and39yearsold.Furthermore,approximately87percentofMexicanunemployedpersonshadgraduatedfromhighschoolorfromahighereducationallevel.ReadmoreNote(s):Mexico;Q22023Source(s):INEGINumberofunemployedpersonsinMexicointhe2ndquarter2023,byreasonofunemployment(in1,000s)UnemployedpopulationinMexicoQ22023,bycause900768.168007006005004003002001000621.82153.9769.26Other63.23WasfiredorcontractendedQuithis/herjobHasnopreviousworkexperienceLeftorclosedhis/herownbusiness12Description:Outofthetotal1.7millionunemployedpersonsinMexicointhesecondquarterof2023,approximately768,000werejoblessbecausetheirpreviouscontracthadendedorhadbeenterminated.Furthermore,154,000unemployedpeoplehadnoworkexperience.ReadmoreNote(s):MexicoSource(s):INEGINumberofunemployedpersonsinMexicointhe2ndquarter2023,byunemploymentduration(in1,000s)UnemployedpopulationinMexicoQ22023,bytimeinunemployment900783.498007006005004003002001000505.58236.1799.2634.3635.55UptoonemonthMorethanoneandupto

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anduptoayearMorethanoneyearUnspecified13Description:Outofthetotal1.69millionunemployedpersonsinMexicointhesecondquarterof2023,only35,550hadbeenjoblessforlongerthanayear.Thevastmajority,about46percent,hadbeenunemployedforlessthanamonth.Furthermore,approximately54percentofMexicanunemployedpersonshadgraduatedfromhighschoolorfromahighereducationallevel.ReadmoreNote(s):Mexico;Q22023Source(s):INEGINumberofunemployedpersonsinMexicointhe2ndquarter2023,byeducationalattainment(in1,000s)UnemployedpopulationinMexicoQ22023,byeducationallevel1,000900800700600500400300919.98559.462001000157.1157.370.52IncompletedprimaryeducationCompletedprimaryeducationCompletedsecondaryeducationHighschoolandhigherUnspecified14Description:ThenumberofjoblesspeopleinMexicototaled1.7millioninthesecondquarterof2023.Approximately55percentofthemhadgraduatedfromhighschoolorfromahighereducationallevel.Thenumberofunemployedpeoplewhohadcompletedsecondaryeducationamountedto559,460.ReadmoreNote(s):MexicoSource(s):INEGICHAPTER

03UnemploymentratesMexico:Unemploymentratefrom1999to2022UnemploymentrateinMexico20226.0%5.36%5.5%5.0%4.5%4.0%3.5%3.0%2.5%2.0%5.3%5.17%4.89%

4.91%4.81%4.45%4.31%4.09%3.94%3.87%3.86%3.63%3.56%

3.57%3.46%3.48%3.42%3.31%3.27%3%2.56%

2.54%2.49%1999

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202216Description:ThestatisticdepictstheunemploymentrateinMexicofrom1999to2022.In2022,Mexico'sunemploymentratewasaround3.31percent.ReadmoreNote(s):MexicoSource(s):WorldBankMonthlyunemploymentrateinMexicofromJanuary2020toAugust2023UnemploymentrateinMexico2020-20236.0%5.49%5.35%5.5%5.26%5.13%5.0%4.69%4.19%4.71%4.35%4.7%4.4%4.65%4.38%4.33%4.5%4.18%3.95%3.66%4.02%3.99%3.87%4.0%

3.78%3.79%3.74%3.71%3.53%3.51%3.53%3.43%3.35%3.27%3.34%3.3%3.5%3.0%2.5%2.0%3.13%3.03%3%2.76%2.97%2.91%2.93%2.82%2.85%2.72%2.39%2.65%17Description:InJuly20232022,Mexico'sunemploymentratestoodat3.13percent,followingafluctuatingtrendexperiencedintheNorthAmericancountrysinceJanuaryofthatsameyear.Duringthetimeunderconsideration,unemploymentpeakedinJune2020,whentheratereachedalmost5.5percent.ReadmoreNote(s):MexicoSource(s):INEGIUnemploymentrateinMexicointhe2ndquarter2023,byfederalentityUnemploymentrateinMexicoQ22023,bystateUnemploymentrate0.0%MexicoCity0.5%1.0%1.5%2.0%2.5%3.0%3.5%4.0%4.5%5.0%4.37%TabascoCoahuila4.05%3.7%StateofMexicoTlaxcala3.64%3.41%3.41%3.37%GuanajuatoNuevoLeónQuerétaroAguascalientesTamaulipasZacatecas3.27%3.2%3.15%2.94%2.87%2.74%DurangoHidalgo18Description:Inthesecondquarterof2022,thesouth-easternstateofTabascowastheMexicanfederalentitywiththelargestunemploymentrateof5.67percent.Bycontrast,theunemploymentrateinOaxacastoodat1.44percent.

ReadmoreNote(s):MexicoSource(s):INEGIQuarterlyunemploymentrateinMexicofrom1stquarter2019to2ndquarter2023,bygenderUnemploymentrateinMexicoQ12019-Q22023,bygenderWomenMen6.0%5.5%5.0%4.5%4.0%3.5%3.0%2.5%2.0%Q12019Q2

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202319Description:Inthesecondquarterof2023,Mexico'smaleandfemaleunemploymentratewasverysimilar,reaching2.8and2.83percent,respectively.However,betweenthesecondquarterof2020andthefirstquarterof2021,unemploymentwasnoticeablymorepervasiveamongmenthanwomen.ReadmoreNote(s):MexicoSource(s):INEGIUrbanopenunemploymentrateinMexicointhefrom2000to2020,byyearsofschoolingUrbanopenunemploymentrateinMexico2000-2020,byyearsofschooling0to5years6to9years10to12years13yearsandover8%7%6%5%4%3%2%1%0%6.7%6.3%6.3%6.2%5.6%5.8%5.8%5.7%5.6%4.8%4.8%4.7%4.5%4.4%4.2%3.7%3.6%3.1%3.1%2.9%2.7%2.4%2%1.5%20002004200820122016202020Description:Formostoftheperiodunderstudy,themoretheyearsofschoolingoftheurbanactivepopulationinMexico,thehighertheunemploymentforpeoplewhoarewillingtowork.Theshareofurbanopenunemploymentamongthosewith10to12yearsofschooling,aswellasforthosewith13yearsormore,peakedin2020at6.7and6.3percent,respectively.ReadmoreNote(s):Mexico;2000to2020;15yearsandolderSource(s):EconomicCommissionforLatinAmericaandtheCaribbeanCHAPTER

04YouthunemploymentMexico:Youthunemploymentratefrom2003to2022YouthunemploymentrateinMexicoin202210.5%10.05%9.79%10.0%9.5%9.0%8.5%8.0%7.5%7.0%6.5%6.0%5.5%9.72%9.43%9.38%

9.4%8.55%8.2%8.09%7.87%7.67%7.6%7.22%7.13%7.1%6.99%6.88%6.88%6.85%6.36%2003

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202222Description:TheyouthunemploymentrateinMexicodecreasedby1.5percentagepoints(-19.06percent)in2022incomparisontothepreviousyear.Therefore,2022marksthelowestyouthunemploymentrateduringtheobservedperiod.

ReadmoreNote(s):Mexico;2003to2022;15-24yearsSource(s):WorldBankUrbanopenunemploymentrateinMexicointhefrom2004to2020,byagegroupUrbanopenunemploymentrateinMexico2004-2020,byage15-24years25-34years11.3%35-44years45yearsandover14%12%10%8%11.9%11.4%9.9%7.2%6.5%6.1%3.9%6%5%4.5%4.4%4%3.5%4%3.3%3.3%2.8%2.6%2.1%1.9%1.8%2%0%2004200820122016202023Description:Since,atleast,2004,theyoungestcohortoftheurbanactivepopulationinMexicohasbeentheagegroupstrugglingthemostwithunavailabilityofemploymentforpeoplewhoarewillingtowork.Theshareofurbanopenunemploymentamongthoseaged15to24yearspeakedin2020at11.9percent.Thatyear,urbanpopulationwhoseagerangedbetween35and44yearshadthelowestopenunemploymentrateacrossallagegroups,fourpercent.

ReadmoreNote(s):Mexico;2004to2020Source(s):EconomicCommissionforLatinAmericaandtheCaribbeanShareofyouthnotineducation,employment,ortraining(NEET)inMexicofrom2010to2021YouthNEETrateinMexico2010-202122.5%22.18%21.82%21.5%20.5%19.5%18.5%17.5%21.14%20.47%20.39%20.28%19.75%19.55%18.73%201718.41%201818.35%202118.3%20192010201120122013201420152016202024Description:Approximately18.4percentofMexican15-to-24-year-oldswereneitherinemploymentnoreducationortraining(NEET)in2021.Thisrepresentedadecreasedcomparedtothepreviousyear,whentheyouthNEETratestoodataround20.4percent,thehighestratesince2013.ReadmoreNote(s):Mexico;2010to2021;15-24yearsSource(s):ILO;INEGIShareofyouthnotineducation,employment,ortraining(NEET)inMexicofrom2010to2021,bygenderYouthNEETrateinMexico2010-2021,bygenderMaleFemale35%30%25%20%15%10%5%33%32.8%32.3%31.4%31.4%30.8%30.5%29.4%29.1%28.6%27.7%26.7%11.8%202011.1%201010.7%201110.2%20219.9%20129.5%20139.3%20148.8%20158.9%20198.6%20168.3%20188.1%201725Description:Theproportionof15-to-24yearsoldwomenneitherinemploymentnoreducationortraining(NEET)inMexicoisremarkablyhigherthanthatofmen.Nevertheless,thegaphasbeenclosingthroughoutthelastyears.In2021,theyouthNEETrateamongMexicanyoungfemaleswas26.7percent,while10.2percentoftheirmalecounterpartswereinthesamesituation.ReadmoreNote(s):Mexico;2010to2021;15-24yearsSource(s):ILO;INEGICHAPTER

05Post-COVIDrecoveryOpenunemploymentrateaftertheCOVID-19outbreakinMexicofromApriltoJune2020Mexico:openunemploymentratepermonthafterCOVID-1920206%5.5%5%4%3%2%1%0%4.7%4.2%Apr-20May-20Jun-2027Description:TheopenunemploymentrateinMexicoamountedto5.5percentinJune2020,a1.3percentagepointincreasecomparedtoamonthearlier.Openunemploymentreferstotheeconomicallyactivepopulationthatdonothaveajobbutarelookingforandavailabletowork.InMarch2020,Mexico'sunemploymentratestoodat3.3percent.ReadmoreNote(s):ApriltoJune,2020*;openunemploymentreferstothepopulationthatisnotworkingbutislookingforworkandavailabletowork;*Surveystookplaceinthesecondhalfofeachmonth.Thenumberofhouseholdssurveyedamountedto[...]

ReadmoreSource(s):INEGIShareofadultworkerswholosttheirjobasaresultoftheCOVID-19pandemicinMexicofromJulytoJuly2020Mexico:adultswholosttheirjobduetoCOVID-1960%49%50%47%41%38%40%30%20%10%0%29%April2020May2020June2020July2020August202028/statistics/1173465/adults-laid-off-employment-coronavirus-mexicoAccordingtoasurveycarriedoutinMexicoinAugust2020,49percentofrespondentssaidtheyhadlosttheirjoborwerelaidoffasaresultoftheCOVID-19outbreak.Thisrepresentsanincreaseof18percentagepointscomparedtoApril2020.

ReadmoreNote(s):Mexico;July20toAugust24,2020;18yearsandolderSource(s):PQRPlanningQuantChangeinthenumberofemployedpersonsinMexicofromApril2020toAugust2023(in1,000s)MonthlychangeinemploymentinMexico2020-20236,0004,0002,0000-2,000-4,000-6,000-8,000-10,000-12,000-14,00029Description:InApril2020,theMexicanlabormarkettookthehardesthitfromtheCOVID-19pandemic.Thatmonth,nearly12.7millionjobswerelostintheNorthAmericancountry.Thelabormarketslowlyrecoveredinthefollowingmonths,withJune2020registeringthelargestjobcreationsincetheoutbreakofthepandemic:thenumberofemployedpersonsgrewin4.73millionthatmonth.InAugust2023,thelatestdataavailable,approximately269,650newjobswerecreated.

ReadmoreNote(s):Mexico;April2020toAugust2023Source(s):IMCO;INEGINumberofnewformaljobscreatedinMexicoasofJuly2022comparedtoJuly2019,byfederalentityChangeinemploymentcomparedtopre-pandemiclevelsinMexicoJuly2022,bystateChangeinthenumberofformallyemployedpersons40,000

60,000020,00080,000100,000120,000BajaCaliforniaNuevoLeonJaliscoStateofMexicoChihuahuaTabascoQueretaroGuanajuatoCoahuilaHidalgoSinaloaSonoraYucatan30Description:Therewereatotalof694,055newformaljobsinMexicoinJuly2022comparedtothenumberregisteredinJuly2019,beforethenationallabormarketsufferedtheeffectsoftheCOVID-19pandemic.BajaCalifornia,NuevoLeonandJaliscowerethestatesthatledtherecoveryinemploymentlevels,asineachofthemtherewereover1000,000newworkersinscribedintheIMSS(theMexicanInstituteo