2023年六級真題及參考答案

2023年6月大學(xué)英語六級真題試卷及答案

PartIWriting(30minutes)

Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteashortessayentitledShouldOne

ExpectaRewardWhenDoingaGoodDeed?Youshouldwriteatleast150wordsfollowingthe

outlinegivenbelow.

L有人做好事期望得到回報(bào)；

2.有人認(rèn)為應(yīng)當(dāng)像雷鋒那樣做好事不圖回報(bào)；

3.我的觀點(diǎn)。

ShouldOneExpectaRewardWhenDoingaGoodDeed?

PartIIReadingComprehension(SkimmingandScanning)(15

minutes)

Directions:Inthispart,youwillhave15minutestogooverthepassagequicklyandanswerthe

questionsonAnswerSheetl.Forquestions1-4,markY(forYES)ifthestatementagreeswiththe

informationgiveninthepassage;N(forNO)ifstatementcontradictsthe

informationgiveninthepassage;NG(fbrNOTGIVEN)iftheinformationisnotgiveninthe

passage.Forquestions5-10,completethesentenceswiththeinformationgiveninthepassage.

SevenStepstoaMoreFulfillingJob

Manypeopletodayfindthemselvesinunfulfillingworksituations.Infact,oneinfour

workersisdissatisfiedwiththeircurrentjob,accordingtotherecent“Plansfor2004"survey.

Theircareerpathmaybefinanciallyrewarding,butitdoesn'tmeettheiremotional,socialor

creativeneeds.They5restuck,unhappy,andhavenoideawhattodoaboutit,exceptmoveto

anotherjob.

MaryLynMiller,veterancareerconsultantandfounderoftheLifeandCareerClinic,says

thatwhenmostpeopleareunhappyabouttheirwork,theirfirstthoughtistogetadifferentjob.

Instead,Millersuggestslookingatthepossibilityofadifferentlife.Throughherbook,8Mythsof

MakingaLiving,aswellasworkshops,seminarsandpersonalcoachingandconsulting,shehas

helpedthousandsofdissatisfiedworkersreassesslifeandwork.

LikethewayofZen,whichincludesunderstandingofoneselfasonereallyis,Miller

encouragesjobseekersandthosedissatisfiedwithworkorlifetoexaminetheirbeliefsabout

workandrecognizethat“inmanycasesyourbeliefsarewhatbroughtyoutowhereyouare

today."Youmayhavebeenraisedtothinkthatwomenwerebestatnurturingandcaringand,

therefore,shouldbeteachersandnurses.Sothat'swhatyoudid.Or,perhapsyouwerebroughtup

tobelievethatyoushoulddowhatyourfatherdid,soyouhavetakenoverthefamilybusiness,or

becomeadentist“justlikedad."Ifthissoundsfamiliar,ifsprobablytimetolookatthenew

possibilitiesforyourfuture.

Millerdevelopeda7-stepprocesstohelppotentialjobseekersassesstheircurrentsituation

andbeliefs,identifytheirrealpassion,andstartonajourneythatallowsthemtopursuetheir

passionthroughwork.

Step1:Willingnesstodosomethingdifferent.Breakingthecycleofdoingwhatyouhave

alwaysdoneisoneofthemostdifficulttasksforjobseekers.Manyfinditdifficulttosteeraway

fromacareerpathormakeachange,evenifitdoesn'tfeelright.Millerurgesjobseekerstoopen

theirmindstootherpossibilitiesbeyondwhattheyarecurrentlydoing.

Step2:Commitmenttobeingwhoyouare,notwhoorwhatsomeonewantsyoutobe.

lovemost.Ifyoulovethesocialaspectsofyourjob,butarestuckinsideanofficeor“chainedto

yourdesk“mostofthetime,vowtofollowyourinstinctandinvestigatealternativecareersand

workthatallowyoumoretimetointeractwithothers.Dawnworkedasamanagerforalarge

retailclothingstoreforseveralyears.Thoughshehadadvancedwithinthecompany,shefelt

frustratedandlongedtobeinvolvedwithnatureandtheoutdoors.Shedecidedtogotoschool

nightsandweekendstopursuehertruepassionbyearninghermaster'sdegreeinforestry.She

nowworksinthebiotechforestrydivisionofamajorpapercompany.

Step3:Self-definitionMillersuggeststhatoncejobseekersknowwhotheyare,theyneedto

knowhowtosellthemselves.6tInthejobmarket,youareaproduct.Andjustlikeaproduct,you

mostknowthefeaturesandbenefitsthatyouhavetoofferapotentialclient,oremployer.9,

Examinetheskillsandknowledgethatyouhaveidentifyhowtheycanapplytoyourdesired

occupation.Yourqualitieswillexhibittoemployerswhytheyshouldhireyouoverother

candidates.

Step4:Attainalevelofself-honoring.Self-honoringorself-lovemayseemlikeanodd

stepforjobhunters,butbeingabletoacceptyourself,withoutjudgment,helpseliminate

insecuritiesandwillmakeyoumoreself-assured.Byacceptingwhoyouare-allyouremotions,

hopesanddreams,yourpersonality,andyouruniquewayofbeing-you'llprojectmore

confidencewhennetworkingandtalkingwithpotentialemployers.Thepowerofself^honoring

canhelptobreakallthefalsehoodsyouwereprogrammedtobelieve-thosethatmadeyoufeel

thatyouwerenotgoodenough,orstrongenough,orintelligentenoughtodowhatyoutrulydesire.

Step5:Vision.Millersuggeststhatjobseekersdevelopavisionthatembracestheanswer

to"WhatdoIreallywanttodo?”oneshouldcreateasolidstatementinadozenorsosentences

thatdescribeindetailhowtheyseetheirliferelatedtowork.Forinstance,thesecretarywholongs

tobeanactressdescribesalifethatallowshertoexpressherloveofShakespeareonstage.Areal

estateagent,attractedtohiscurrentjobbecauseherlovesfixingupoldhomes,describesbuying

propertiesthatneedalittletenderlovingcaretomakethemmoresaleable.

Step6:Appropriaterisk.Somephilosophersbelievethatthewaytoenlightenmentcomes

throughfacingobstaclesanddifficulties.Oncepeoplediscovertheirpassion,manyaretooscared

todoanythingaboutit.Instead,theydonothing.Withthisstep,jobseekersshouldassesswhat

theyarewillingtogiveup,orrisk,inpursuitoftheirdream.Foroneworkingmom,thatmeant

takingnightclassestolearnnewcomputer-aideddesignskills,whilestillearningasalaryand

keepingherdayjob.Forsomeoneelse,itmaymeanquittinghisorherjob,takingoutloanand

goingbacktoschoolfulltime.You,llmoveonestepclosertoyouridealworklifeifyouidentify

howmuchriskyouarewillingtotakeandthesacrificesyouarewillingtomake.

Step7:Action.Someteachersofphilosophydescribeactioninthisway,"Ifonewantsto

gettothetopofamountain,justsittingatthefootthinkingaboutitwillnotbringonethere.Itis

bymakingtheeffortofclimbingupthemountain,stepbystep,thateventuallythesummitis

reached.^^Alltoooften,itisthelackofactionthatultimatelyholdspeoplebackfromattaining

theirideals.Creatingaplanandtakingitonestepatatimecanleadtonewanddifferentjob

opportunities.Job-huntingtasksgainaddedmeaningasyousensetheirimportanceinyourquest

foramoremeaningfulworklife.Theplancanincluderesearchingindustriesandoccupations,

talkingtopeoplewhoareinyourdesiredareaofwork,takingclasses,oracceptingvolunteerwork

inyourtargetedfield.

Eachofthesestepswillleadyouonajourneytoahappierandmorerewardingworklife.

Afterall,itisthejourney,notthedestination,thatismostimportant.

注意：此部分試題請?jiān)诖痤}卡1上作答。

1.Accordingtotherecent“Plansfor2004"survey,mostpeopleareunhappywiththeircurrent

jobs.

2.MaryLynMiller'sjobistoadvisepeopleontheirlifeandcareer.

3.MaryLynMillerherselfwasoncequitedissatisfiedwithherownwork.

4.Manypeoplefinditdifficulttomakeuptheirmindswhethertochangetheircareerpath.

5.AccordingtoMaryLynMiller,peopleconsideringchangingtheircareersshouldcommit

themselvestothepursuitof.

6.Inthejobmarket,jobseekersneedtoknowhowtosellthemselveslike.

7.Duringaninterviewwithpotentialemployers,self-honoringorself-lovemayhelpajobseeker

toshow.

8.MaryLynMillersuggeststhatajobseekerdevelopavisionthatanswersthequestion

“，，

9.Manypeoplearetooscaredtopursuetheirdreamsbecausetheyareunwillingto.

10.Whatultimatelyholdspeoplebackfromattainingtheiridealsis.

PartIIIListeningComprehension(35minutes)

SectionA

Directions:Inthissection,youwillhear8shortconversationsand2longconversations.Atthe

endofeachconversation,oneormorequestionswillbeaskedaboutwhatsaid.Boththe

conversationandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Aftereachquestiontherewillbeapause.

Duringthepause,youmustreadthefourchoicesmarkedA)B)C)andD),anddecidewhichis

thebestanswer.ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethrough

thecentre.

注意：此部分試題請?jiān)诖痤}卡2上作答。

11.A)Surfingthenet.B)Watchingatalkshow.C)Packingabirthdaygift.D)Shoppingata

jewelrystore.

12.A)Heenjoysfindingfaultwithexams.B)Heissureofhissuccessintheexam.

C)Hedoesn'tknowifhecandowellintheexam.D)HeusedtogetstraightA'sinthe

examshetook.

13.A)Themanisgenerouswithhisgoodcommentsonpeople.

B)Thewomanisunsureiftherewillbepeaceintheworld.

C)Thewomanisdoubtfulaboutnewspaperstories.

D)Themanisquiteoptimisticabouthumannature.

14.A)Studyforsomeprofession.B)Attendamedicalschool.C)Stayinbusiness.D)Sell

hisshop.

15.A)Moremoney.B)Fairtreatment.C)Acollegeeducation.D)Shorterworkhours.

16.A)Shewasexhaustedfromhertrip.B)Shemissedthecomfortsofhome.

C)ShewasimpressedbyMexicanfood.D)ShewillnotgotoMexicoagain.

17.A)Cheerherselfupabit.B)Findamoresuitablejob.C)Seekprofessionaladvice.D)Take

apsychologycourse.

18.A)Hedressesmoreformallynow.B)Whathewearsdoesnotmatchhisposition.

C)Hehasignoredhisfriendssincegraduation.D)Hefailedtodowellatcollege.

Questions19to22arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.

19.A)Togosightseeing.B)Tohavemeetings.C)Topromoteanewchampagne.D)Tojoinin

atrainingprogram.

20.A)Itcanreducethenumberofpassengercomplaints.B)Itcanmakeairtravelmore

entertaining.

C)Itcancutdowntheexpensesforairtravel.D)Itcanlessenthediscomfortcausedby

airtravel.

21.A)Tookbalancedmealswithchampagne.B)Atevegetablesandfruitonly.

C)Refrainedfromfishormeat.D)Avoidedeatingrichfood.

22.A)Manyofthemfounditdifficulttoexerciseonaplane.B)Manyofthemwereconcerned

withtheirwell-being.

C)Notmanyofthemchosetodowhatshedid.D)Notmanyofthemunderstoodthe

program.

Questions23to25arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.

23.A)Atafair.B)Atacafeteria.C)Inacomputerlab.D)Inashoppingmall.

24.A)Thelatestcomputertechnology.B)Theorganizingofanexhibition.

C)Thepurchasingofsomeequipment.D)Thedramaticchangesinthejobmarket.

25.A)Datacollection.B)Trainingconsultancy.C)Corporatemanagement.D)Information

processing.

SectionB

Directions:Inthissection,youwillhear3shortpassages.Attheendofeachpassage,youwill

hearsomequestions.Boththepassageandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhear

aquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicemarkedA)B)C)andD).Then

markthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.

注意：此部分試題請?jiān)诖痤}卡2上作答。

PassageOne

Questions26to28arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.

26.A)Improvethemselves.B)Getridofemptydreams.

C)Followtheculturaltradition.D)Attemptsomethingimpossible.

27.A)Byfindingsufficientsupportforimplementation.B)Bytakingintoaccounttheirown

abilitytochange.

C)Byconstantlykeepinginmindtheirultimategoals.D)Bymakingdetailedplansand

carryingthemout.

28.A)Toshowpeoplehowtogettheirlivesbacktonormal.B)Toshowhowdifficultitisfor

peopletoloseweight.

C)Toremindpeopletocheckthecaloriesonfoodbags.D)Toillustratehoweasilypeople

abandontheirgoals.

PassageTwo

Questions29to31arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.

29.A)Michaefsparentsgotdivorced.B)KarenwasadoptedbyRayAnderson.

C)Karen5smotherdiedinacaraccident.D)Atruckdriverlosthislifeinacollision.

30.A)Heranaredlightandcollidedwithatruck.B)Hesacrificedhislifetosaveababygirl.

C)Hewaskilledinstantlyinaburningcar.D)HegotmarriedtoKaren'smother.

31.A)Thereportedheroturnedouttobehisfather.B)Hedidnotunderstandhisfathertilltoo

late.

C)Suchmisfortuneshouldhavefallenonhim.D)Itremindedhimofhismiserable

childhood.

PassageThree

32.

33.A)Bydoingoddjobsatweekends.B)Byworkinglonghourseveryday.

C)Byputtinginmorehourseachweek.D)Bytakingshortervacationseachyear.

34.A)Tocombatcompetitionandraiseproductivity.B)Toprovidethemwithmorejob

opportunities.

C)Tohelpthemmaintaintheirlivingstandard.D)Topreventthemfromholdinga

secondjob.

35.A)Changetheirjobs.B)Earnmoremoney.

SectionC

Directions:

firsttime,youshouldlistencarefullyforitsgeneralidea.Whenthepassageisreadforthesecond

time,youarerequiredtofillintheblanksnumberedfrom36to43withtheexactwordsyouhave

justheard.Forblanksnumberedfrom44to46youarerequiredtofillinthemissinginformation.

Fortheseblanks,youcaneitherusetheexactwordsyouhavejustheardorwritedownthemain

pointsinyourownwords.Finally,whenthepassageisreadforthethirdtime,youshouldcheck

whatyouhavewritten.

2上作答。

Nursing,asatypicallyfemaleprofession,mustdealconstantlywiththefalseimpression

careonly.Wedonothaveanylegalormoral(37)toanyphysician.Weprovidehealth

teaching,(38)physicalaswellasemotionalproblems,(39)patient-related

services,andmakeallofournursingdecisionsbaseduponwhatisbestorsuitableforthepatient.

legal(42)toquestionthatorderorrefusetocarryitout.

Nursingisnotanine-to-fivejobwitheveryweekendoff.Allnursesareawareofthatbeforethey

entertheprofession.Theemotionalandphysicalstress.However,thatoccursduetooddworking

hoursisa(43)reasonforalotofthecareerdissatisfaction.(44)

.Thatdisturbsourpersonallives,disruptsoursleeping

andeatinghabits,andisolatesusfromeverythingexceptjob-relatedfriendsandactivities.

Thequalityofnursingcareisbeingaffecteddramaticallybythesesituations.(45)

.Consumersofmedicallyrelatedserviceshaveevidently

notbeenaffectedenoughyettodemandchangesinourmedicalsystem.Butiftrendscontinueas

predicted,(46).

minutes)

SectionA

Directions:

Readthepassagecarefully.Thenanswerthequestionsorcompletestatementsinthefewest

wassetupinaSiliconValleygaragein1998,andinflated()withtheInternetbubble.Even

widespreadacrosstheworldthatsearchbecameGoogle,andgooglebecameaverb.Theworld

fellinlovewiththeeffective,fascinatinglyfasttechnology.

GoogleowesmuchofitssuccesstothebrillianceofS.BrinandL.Page,butalsotoaseries

offortunateevents.ItwasPagewho,atStanfordin1996,initiatedtheacademicprojectthat

eventuallybecameGoogle'ssearchengine.Brin,whohadmetPageatastudentorientationayear

earlier,joinedtheprojectearlyon.TheywerebothPh.D.candidateswhentheydevisedthesearch

enginewhichwasbetterthantherestand,withoutanymarketing,spreadbywordofmouthfrom

earlyadoptersto,eventually,yourgrandmother.

Theirbreakthrough,simplyput,wasthatwhentheirsearchenginecrawledtheWeb,itdid

morethanjustlookforwordmatches,italsotallied(記錄)andrankedahostofothercritical

factorslikehowwebsiteslinktooneanother.Thatdeliveredfarbetterresultsthananythingelse.

BrinandPagemeanttonametheircreationGoogol(themathematicaltermforthenumber1

followedby100zeroes),butsomeonemisspelledthewordsoitstuckasGoogle.Theyraised

moneyfromprescient(有先見之明的)professorsandventurecapitalists,andmovedoffcampus

toturnGoogleintobusiness.Perhapstheirbiggeststrokeofluckcameearlyonwhentheytriedto

theirown.

Thenextbreakthroughcamein2023,whenGooglefiguredouthowtomakemoneywithits

invention.Ithadlotsofusers,butalmostnoonewaspaying.Thesolutionturnedouttobe

advertisi

company,giventhatthat'sthesourceofnearlyallitsrevenue.Todayitisagiantadvertising

company,worth$100billion.

上作答。

47.Apartfromaseriesoffortunateevents,whatisitthathasmadeGooglesosuccessful?

48.Google9ssearchengineoriginatedfromstartedbyL.Page.

49.HowdidGoogle9ssearchenginespreadallovertheworld?

50.BrinandPagedecidedtosetuptheirownbusinessbecausenoonewould.

51.TherevenueoftheGooglecompanyislargelygeneratedfrom.

SectionB

Directions:

unfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C),andD).You

shoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2witha

singlelinethroughthecentre.

PassageOne

Questions52to56arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

feelgood.Whydoesn'tever-greaterwealthpromoteever-greaterhappiness?Itisaquestionthat

datesatleasttotheappearancein1958ofTheAffluent()SocietybyJohnKenneth

Galbraith,whodiedrecentlyat97.

TheAffluentSocietyisamodemclassicbecauseithelpeddefineanewmomentinthe

humancondition.Formostofhistory,"'hunger,sickness,andcold^^threatenednearlyeveryone,

Galbraithwrote."Povertywasfoundeverywhereinthatworld.Obviouslyitisnotofours.^^After

WorldWarII,thedreadofanotherGreatDepressiongavewaytoaneconomicboom.Inthe

1930sunemploymenthadaveraged18.2percent;inthe1950sitwas4.5percent.

ToGalbraith,materialismhadgonemadandwouldbreeddiscontent.Throughadvertising,

companiesconditionedconsumerstobuythingstheydidn'treallywantorneed.Becausesomuch

spendingwasartificial,itwouldbeunfulfilling.Meanwhile,governmentspendingthatwould

makeeveryonebetteroffwasbeingcutdownbecausepeopleinstinctively一andwrongly一

labeledgovernmentonlyas"anecessaryevil.^^

Ifsoftensaidthatonlythericharegettingahead;everyoneelseisstandingstillorfalling

behind.Well,therearemanyundeservingrich一overpaidchiefexecutives,forinstance.Butover

anymeaningfulperiod,mostpeople'sincomesareincreasing.From1995to2023,inflation-

adjustedaveragefomilyincomerose14.3percent,to$43,200.peoplefeel"squeezed“because

theirrisingincomesoftendon'tsatisfytheirrisingwants-forbiggerhomes,morehealthcare,

moreeducation,fasterInternetconnections.

aspartoftheirstandardofliving.Ascorporatelayoffsincreased,thatparthaseroded.More

thesamename.

Becausesomuchprevioussufferingandsocialconflictstemmedfrompoverty,thearrival

ofwidespreadaffluencesuggestedutopian()possibilities.Uptoapoint,affluence

succeeds.Thereismuchlesphysicalmiserythanbefore.Peoplearebetteroff.Unfortunately,

affluencealsocreatesnewcomplaintsandcontradictions.

Advancedsocietiesneedeconomicgrowthtosatisfythemultiplyingwantsoftheircitizens.

Butthequestforgrowthletsloosenewanxietiesandeconomicconflictsthatdisturbthesocial

order.Affluenceliberatestheindividual,promisingthateveryonecanchooseauniquewaytoself-

fulfillment.Butthepromiseissoextravagantthatitpredestinesmanydisappointmentsand

sometimesinspireschoicesthathaveanti-socialconsequences,includingfamilybreakdownand

obesity(肥胖癥).Statisticalindicatorsofhappinesshavenotrisenwithincomes.

Shouldwebesurprised?Notreally.We'vesimplyreaffirmedanoldtruth:thepursuitof

affluencedoesnotalwaysendwithhappiness.

注意：此部分試題請?jiān)诖痤}卡上作答。

52.WhatquestiondoesJohnKennethGalbraithraiseinhisbookTheAffluentSociety?

A)Whystatisticsdon'ttellthetruthabouttheeconomy.

B)Whyaffluencedoesn'tguaranteehappiness.

C)Howhappinesscanbepromotedtoday.

D)Whatliesbehindaneconomicboom.

53.AccordingtoGalbraith,peoplefeeldiscontentedbecause.

A)publicspendinghasn'tbeencutdownasexpected

B)thegovernmenthasprovedtobeanecessaryevil

C)theyareinfearofanotherGreatDepression

D)materialismhasrunwildinmodemsociety

54.Whydopeoplefeelsqueezedwhentheiraverageincomerisesconsiderably?

A)Theirmaterialpursuitshavegoneforaheadoftheirearnings.

B)Theirpurchasingpowerhasdroppedmarkedlywithinflation.

C)Thedistributionofwealthisunevenbetweenther5ichandthepoor.

D)Healthcareandeducationalcosthavesomehowgoneoutofcontrol.

55.WhatdoesLouisUchitellemeanby"thedisposableAmerican^^(Line3,Para.5)?

A)Thosewhoseejobstabilityaspartoftheirlivingstandard.

B)Peoplefullofutopianideasresultingfromaffluence.

C)PeoplewhohavelittlesayinAmericanpolitics.

D)Workerswhonolongerhavesecurejobs.

56.WhathasaffluencebroughttoAmericansociety?

A)Renewedeconomicsecurity.

B)Asenseofself-fulfillment.

C）Newconflictsandcomplaints.

D）Miseryandanti-socialbehavior.

PassageTwo

Questions57to61arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

Theuseofdeferential（敬重時(shí)）languageissymbolicoftheConfucianidealofthewoman,

whichdominatesconservativegendernormsinJapan.Thisidealpresentsawomanwho

withdrawsquietlytothebackground,subordinatingherlifeandneedstothoseofherfamilyand

itsmalehead.Sheisadutifuldaughter,wife,andmother,masterofthedomesticarts.Thetypical

refinedJapanesewomanexcelsinmodestyanddelicacy;she“treadssoftly（謹(jǐn)言慎行）inthe

world,“elevatingfemininebeautyandgracetoanartform.

Nowadays,itiscommonlyobservedthatyoungwomenarenotconformingtothefeminine

linguistic（語言時(shí)）ideal.Theyareusingfeweroftheverydeferential"women's"forms,andeven

usingthefewstrongformsthatareknowas"men's."This,ofcourse,attractsconsiderable

attentionandhasledtoanoutcryintheJapanesemediaagainstthedefeminizationofwomen's

language.Indeed,wedidn'thearabout"men'slanguage^^untilpeoplebegantorespondtogirls'

appropriationofformsnormallyreservedforboysandmen.Thereisconsiderablesentimentabout

the“corruption“ofwomen'slanguage-whichofcourseisviewedaspartofthelossoffeminine

idealsandmorality一andthissentimentiscrystallizedbynationwideopinionpollsthatare

regularlycarriedoutbythemedia.

YoshikoMatsumotohasarguedthatyoungwomenprobablyneverusedasmanyofthe

highlydeferentialformsasolderwomen.Thishighlypolitestyleisnodoubtsomethingthat

youngwomenhavebeenexpectedto“growinto^^一afterall,itisassignnotsimplyoffemininity,

butofmaturityandrefinement,anditsusecouldbetakentoindicateachangeinthenatureof

one'ssocialrelationsaswell.Onemightwellimaginelittlegirlsusingexceedinglypoliteforms

whenplayinghouseorimitatingolderwomeninafashionanalogoustolittlegirls'useofa

high-pitchedvoicetodo“teachertalk"or"mothertalk“inroleplay.

ThefactthatyoungJapanesewomenareusinglessdeferentiallanguageisasuresignof

change一ofsocialchangeandoflinguisticchange.Butitismostcertainlynotasignofthe

“masculization“ofgirls.Insomeinstances,itmaybeasignthatgirlsaremakingthesameclaim

toauthorityasboysandmen,butthatisverydifferentfromsayingthattheyaretryingtobe

“masculine."KatsueReynoldshasarguedthatgirlsnowadaysareusingmoreassertivelanguage

strategiesinordertobeabletocompetewithboysinschoolsandout.Socialchangealsobrings

notsimplydifferentpositionsforwomenandgirls,butdifferentrelationstolifestages,and

adolescentgirlsareparticipatinginnewsubculturalforms.Thuswhatmay,toanolderspeaker,

seemlike"masculine“speechmayseemtoanadolescentlike“l(fā)iberated"or"hip"speech.

注意：此部分試題請?jiān)诖痤}卡2上作答。

57.Thefirstparagraphdescribesindetail.

A)thestandardssetforcontemporaryJapanesewomenB)theConfucianinfluenceon

gendernormsinJapan

C)thestereotypedroleofwomeninJapanesefamiliesD)thenormsfortraditional

Japanesewomentofollow

58.Whatchangehasbeenobservedintoday5syoungJapanesewomen?

A)Theypaylessattentiontotheirlinguisticbehavior.B)Theusefewerofthedeferential

linguisticforms.

C)Theyconfusemaleandfemaleformsoflanguage.D)Theyemployverystrong

linguisticexpressions.

59.Howdosomepeoplereacttowomen'sappropriationofmen'slanguageformsasreportedin

theJapanesemedia?

A)Theycallforacampaigntostopthedefeminization.B)Theseeitasanexpressionof

women'ssentiment.

C)Theyacceptitasamodemtrend.D)Theyexpressstrongdisapproval.

60.AccordingtoYoshikoMatsumoto,thelinguisticbehaviorobservedintoday'syoungwomen

A)mayleadtochangesinsocialrelationsB)hasbeentrueofallpastgenerations

C)isviewedasasignoftheirmaturityD)isaresultofrapidsocialprogress

61.TheauthorbelievesthattheuseofassertivelanguagebyyoungJapanesewomenis.

A)asuresignoftheirdefeminizationandmaturationB)anindicationoftheirdefiance

againstsocialchange

C)oneoftheirstrategiestocompeteinamale-dominatedsociety

D)aninevitabletrendoflinguisticdevelopmentinJapantoday

PartVCloze(15minutes)

Directions:Thereare20blanksinthefollowingpassage.Foreachblanktherearefourchoices

markedA),B),C)andD)ontherightsideofthepaper.YoushouldchoosetheONEthatbestfits

intothepassage.ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethrough

thecentre.

注意：此部分試題請?jiān)诖痤}卡2上作答。

Historically,humansgetseriousaboutavoidingdisastersonlyafteronehasjuststruckthem.

_62_thatlogic,2023shouldhavebeenabreakthroughyearforrationalbehavior.Withthe

memo