NFT市場將不再是逃稅者的天堂

名師精講外刊NFT市場將不再是逃稅者的天堂HMRCseizesNFTforfirsttimein￡1.4mfraudcase名師精講外刊隨著加密貨幣價格的爆炸性增長，當局對數(shù)字資產(chǎn)的高調扣押已變得越來越普遍。就在本月，英國稅務局在調查涉及250家涉嫌假冒公司的增值稅欺詐的工作中查獲了3件NFT。英國稅務及海關總署（HMRC）表示，已有3人因涉嫌試圖詐騙140萬英鎊而被捕。該機構稱，這是英國執(zhí)法部門第一次查獲NFT。課前問題1.“secure”在文中是什么意思？2.文章提到了幾種有關“……被稱為……”的表達？導讀名師精講外刊目前，英國稅務局已扣押了在調查期間查獲的價值約5000英鎊的加密貨幣資產(chǎn)和三件尚未估值的數(shù)字藝術品NFT。什么是NFT？這次詐騙又是怎么回事呢？讓我們一起走進今天的外刊精讀！課前問題1.“secure”在文中是什么意思？2.文章提到了幾種有關“……被稱為……”的表達？導讀名師精講外刊HMRCseizesNFTforfirsttimein￡1.4mfraudcase【基礎解析】HMRC【背景知識】女王陛下稅務海關總署（HerMajesty'sRevenueandCustoms），是英國政府的非部長制政府部門之一，主要職責包括征收稅項（直接稅：包括所得稅、公司稅（CT）、資本增值稅（CGT）、遺產(chǎn)稅；和間接稅：包括增值稅、印花稅等）、進口管制及部分形式的國家支援。此部門的前身份別為英國稅務局及海關，于2005年4月18日正式合并。名師精講外刊HMRCseizesNFTforfirsttimein￡1.4mfraudcase【基礎解析】seizev.（通常指通過武力）起獲，沒收，扣押【釋】Ifagovernmentorotherauthorityseizesomeone'sproperty,theytakeitfromthem,oftenbyforce.【例】Policewerereportedtohaveseizedallcopiesofthismorning'seditionofthenewspaper.據(jù)報道警方已沒收了該報紙今早所有的出刊。名師精講外刊HMRCseizesNFTforfirsttimein￡1.4mfraudcase【基礎解析】NFT【背景知識】Non-FungibleTokens（NFT）（“不可替代的代幣”）是一種特殊的加密資產(chǎn)，其中每個代幣都是獨一無二的，它與“可替代的”資產(chǎn)不同，如比特幣和美元鈔票，它們的價值都是完全相同的。由于每個NFT都是獨一無二的，它們可以用來驗證藝術品、錄音、虛擬房地產(chǎn)或寵物等數(shù)字資產(chǎn)的所有權。當你購買了一枚NFT代幣，這就代表你獲得了它不可抹除的所有權記錄和實際資產(chǎn)的使用權。名師精講外刊HMRCseizesNFTforfirsttimein￡1.4mfraudcase【基礎解析】fraudn.1）詐騙罪【釋】Fraudisthecrimeofgainingmoneyorfinancialbenefitsbyatrickorbylying.【例】Hewasjailedfortwoyearsforfraudanddeception.他因詐騙與欺詐被監(jiān)禁了兩年。2）騙人的東西;騙子【釋】Afraudissomethingorsomeonethatdeceivespeopleinawaythatisillegalordishonest.【例】He'safraudandacheat.他是一個騙子。精講試聽結束TheUKtaxauthorityhasseizedthreeNon-FungibleTokens(NFT)aspartofaprobeintoasuspectedVATfraudinvolving250allegedfakecompanies.【基礎解析】proben.（尤用于報章）探究；詳盡調查【釋】~(intosth)(usedespeciallyinnewspapers)athoroughandcarefulinvestigationofsth【例】apoliceprobeintothefinancialaffairsofthecompany警方對這家公司財務進行的詳細調查TheUKtaxauthorityhasseizedthreeNon-FungibleTokens(NFT)aspartofaprobeintoasuspectedVATfraudinvolving250allegedfakecompanies.【基礎解析】suspectedadj.有……嫌疑的【釋】someonewhoisthoughttobeguiltyofacrime【例】suspectedburglar/terrorist/spyetc.被懷疑的入室盜賊/恐怖分子/間諜等TheUKtaxauthorityhasseizedthreeNon-FungibleTokens(NFT)aspartofaprobeintoasuspectedVATfraudinvolving250allegedfakecompanies.【拓展延伸】suspectn.嫌疑犯【釋】Asuspectisapersonwhothepoliceorauthoritiesthinkmaybeguiltyofacrime.【例】Policehavearrestedasuspectinaseriesofkillingsandsexualassaultsinthecity.警方逮捕了該城市一系列殺人強奸案件中的一名嫌疑犯。TheUKtaxauthorityhasseizedthreeNon-FungibleTokens(NFT)aspartofaprobeintoasuspectedVATfraudinvolving250allegedfakecompanies.【基礎解析】allegedadj.聲稱的；被斷言的；涉嫌的【釋】Anallegedfacthasbeenstatedbuthasnotbeenprovedtobetrue.【例】alistofallegedwarcriminals戰(zhàn)爭嫌犯名單TheUKtaxauthorityhasseizedthreeNon-FungibleTokens(NFT)aspartofaprobeintoasuspectedVATfraudinvolving250allegedfakecompanies.【拓展延伸】allegev.（在未經(jīng)證實下）斷言，宣稱，聲稱；指控【釋】tosaythatsomethingistrueorthatsomeonehasdonesomethingwrong,althoughithasnotbeenproved【例】Itwasallegedthatthepolicemanhadacceptedbribes.有人聲稱這名警察收受賄賂。HMRevenueandCustoms(HMRC)saidthreepeoplehadbeenarrestedonsuspicionofattemptingtodefrauditof￡1.4m.【基礎解析】defraudv.騙取，詐?。ā腻X財）【釋】togetmoneyillegallyfromapersonoranorganizationbytrickingthem【例1】Theywereaccusedofdefraudingthecompanyof$14000.他們被控詐騙該公司14000元?！纠?】Allthreemenwerechargedwithconspiracytodefraud.三人均被控密謀詐騙。TheauthoritysaiditwasthefirstUKlawenforcementtoseizeanNFT.NFTsareassetsinthedigitalworldthatcanbeboughtandsold,butwhichhavenotangibleformoftheirown.【基礎解析】tangibleadj.有形的；實際的；真實的【釋】thatcanbeclearlyseentoexist【例】tangibleassets(=acompany'sbuildings,machinery,etc.)有形資產(chǎn)Thedigitaltokens,whichemergedin2014,canbethoughtofascertificatesofownershipforvirtualorphysicalassets.NFTshaveauniquedigitalsignaturesotheycanbeboughtandsoldusingtraditionalcurrencyorcryptocurrency,suchasBitcoin.【基礎解析】tokenn.代幣；專用輔幣【釋】Ingeneral,atokenisanobjectthatrepresentssomethingelse,suchasanotherobject(eitherphysicalorvirtual),oranabstractconcept.Thedigitaltokens,whichemergedin2014,canbethoughtofascertificatesofownershipforvirtualorphysicalassets.NFTshaveauniquedigitalsignaturesotheycanbeboughtandsoldusingtraditionalcurrencyorcryptocurrency,suchasBitcoin.【基礎解析】crypto-prefix.（用于形容詞和名詞前構成其他形容詞和名詞）表示“秘密的”，“保密的”，“隱秘的”【釋】Crypto-isaddedtoadjectivesandnounstoformotheradjectivesandnounswhichrefertopeoplewhohavehiddenbeliefsandprinciples.【例】cryptography密碼學WhereBitcoinhasbeenhailedasadigitalanswertocurrency,NFTshavebeentoutedasthedigitalanswertocollectables,butplentyofscepticsfearthey'reabubblewaitingtoburst.【基礎解析】behailedas贊揚（或稱頌）……為……（尤用于報章等）【例】FaulknerhasbeenhailedasthegreatestAmericannovelistofhisgeneration.?？思{被贊頌為他那一代人中最偉大的美國小說家。WhereBitcoinhasbeenhailedasadigitalanswertocurrency,NFTshavebeentoutedasthedigitalanswertocollectables,butplentyofscepticsfearthey'reabubblewaitingtoburst.【基礎解析】betoutedas標榜；吹捧；吹噓【釋】totrytopersuadepeoplethatsb/sthisimportantorvaluablebypraisingthem/it【例】NellisbeingtoutedasthenextbigthinginHollywood.內(nèi)爾被捧為好萊塢的明日之星?！就卣寡由臁縝edubbedsth,becrownedasWhereBitcoinhasbeenhailedasadigitalanswertocurrency,NFTshavebeentoutedasthedigitalanswertocollectables,butplentyofscepticsfearthey'reabubblewaitingtoburst.【拓展延伸】【構詞法】在通常情況下，以-able結尾的詞為形容詞，而不是名詞，但有趣的是，有些以-able結尾的詞卻可以用作名詞（當然也可以用作形容詞）。如：consumable(s):消費品deliverable(s):交付物disposable(s):一次性用品portable(s):便攜式物品WhereBitcoinhasbeenhailedasadigitalanswertocurrency,NFTshavebeentoutedasthedigitalanswertocollectables,butplentyofscepticsfearthey'reabubblewaitingtoburst.【基礎解析】scepticn.慣持懷疑態(tài)度的人；懷疑論者【釋】apersonwhousuallydoubtsthatclaimsorstatementsaretrue,especiallythosethatotherpeoplebelievein【例】Heisascepticwhotriestokeepanopenmind.他是一個試圖保持開明觀點的懷疑論者。HMRCsaidthesuspectsinitsfraudcasewereallegedtohaveused"sophisticatedmethods"totrytohidetheiridentitiesincludingfalseandstolenidentities,falseaddresses,pre-paidunregisteredmobilephones,VirtualPrivateNetworks(VPNs),falseinvoicesandpretendingtoengageinlegitimatebusinessactivities.【基礎解析】invoicen.發(fā)票；（發(fā)貨或服務）費用清單【釋】alistofgoodsthathavebeensold,workthathasbeendoneetc.,showingwhatyoumustpay【例1】tosend/issue/settleaninvoiceforthegoods送出/開具/結清費用清單【例2】aninvoicefor$250一張250美元的發(fā)票NickSharp,deputydirectorofeconomiccrime,saidthefirstseizureofanNFT"servesasawarningtoanyonewhothinkstheycanusecryptoassetstohidemoneyfromHMRC"."Weconstantlyadapttonewtechnologytoensurewekeeppacewithhowcriminalsandevaderslooktoconcealtheirassets."【基礎解析】concealv.隱藏；隱瞞；掩蓋【釋】(formal)tohidesb/sth【例】Shesatdowntoconcealthefactthatshewastrembling.她坐下來以不讓人看出她在發(fā)抖?！窘x詞】hide【拓展延伸】ill-concealed（感情或感情的流露）不加掩飾的；外露的HMRCsaidithadsecuredacourtordertodetaintheseizedcryptoassetsworthabout￡5,000andthreedigitalartworkNFTs,whichhavenotbeenvalued,whileitsinvestigationcontinues.【基礎解析】securev.（尤指經(jīng)過努力）獲得，取得，實現(xiàn)【釋】(formal)toobtainorachievesth,especiallywhenthismeansusingalotofeffort【例1】tosecureacontract/deal訂立合同；達成協(xié)議【例2】Hesecuredhimselfaplaceatlawschool.他取得了法學院的學籍。HMRCsaidithadsecuredacourtordertodetaintheseizedcryptoassetsworthabout￡5,000andthreedigitalartworkNFTs,whichhavenotbeenvalued,whileitsinvestigationcontinues.【基礎解析】detainv.拘留【釋】Whenpeoplesuchasthepolicedetainsomeone,theykeeptheminaplaceundertheircontrol.【例】Policehavedetainedtwosuspectsinconnectionwiththeattack.警方拘留了2名與該襲擊事件有關的嫌疑人。HowdoNFTswork?Traditionalworksofartsuchaspaintingsarevaluablepreciselybecausetheyareoneofakind,butdigitalfilescanbeeasilyandendlesslyduplicated.【基礎解析】duplicatev.復制；復?。粡蛯憽踞尅縯omakeanexactcopyofsth【例1】aduplicatedform復制的表格【例2】Histaskwillbetoduplicatehissuccessoverseashereathome.他的任務將是在國內(nèi)復制他在海外的成功。WithNFTs,artworkca