講好中國故事材料匯編 講義 2024屆高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí)

講好中國故事

1.AchievementinScienceandTechnology科技成就篇

TCM中醫(yī)中藥

Status地位：TraditionalChineseMedicine(TCM)iswidelyusedinChinaandisbecoming

increasinglypopularandrecognizedworldwide.

Contents內(nèi)容：ThefourdiagnosticmethodsofTCMconsistofobserving,listeningandsmelling,

inquiringandpulsetaking.

Cross-culturecomparison中西文化對(duì)比：ThemajordifferencebetweenTraditionalChinese

MedicineandWesternMedicineisthattheformertreatsanillnessorsicknessasacomponentof

theentirebody*ssystem,whilethelattertreatsitasasingleisolatedcomponent.

Significance意義：AsanindispensablepartofChineseculture,TCMhasmadegreat

contributionstothestabilityandprosperityofChinaandtheworld,whichhasbeendemonstrated

intheCovid-19pandemic.

Compass指南針

Whatiscompass:Acompass,ZhiNanZhen,indicatesnorthandsouth.

Origin:ItwasinventedbyChinese2,000yearsago.TheancientZhiNanZhenlookedlikea

spoon.Whenthespoonwasplacedonaplate,itshandlecouldpointtothesouthusingmagnetic

fields.ThenChineseusedaneedletoreplacethespoon.Thismadeiteasytocan*y.

600yearsago,ZhengHe,thegreatestChinesenavigator,evenreachedtheRedSeawiththehelp

oftheZhiNanZhen.Theinventionboostedthedevelopmentofnavigation.

TheHigh-SpeedTraininChina高鐵

Status地位：WhenChinesepeopletakeatriptoothercities,thebestchoiceoftheirtransportation

istotakethehigh-speedtrain.

Characteristics特點(diǎn)：Now,thehigh-speedtraininChinaisreallyfast,reliable,convenientand

comfortable.

Significance意義：Thehigh-speedtrainischangingthetravellingandlivinghabitsofChinese

people,whobenefitalotfromit.Thehigh-speedtrainstronglyguaranteesChina'seconomic

take-offandtheimprovementofpeople'slivingstandard.

2.SpecificSpots&HistoricalSites名勝古跡

theGreatWallofChina長城

Status:AsasymbolofancientChinesecivilization,theGreatWallofChinaisoneoftheworld*s

oldestandmostmagnificentman-madescenes.

Origin:TheGreatWall,originallybuilttoresisttheinvasionfromtheNorth,nowhasbecomea

well-knownplaceofinterest,attractingtouristsfromallovertheworld.

TheSilkRoad絲綢之路

Status:TheSilkRoadisnotonlyavitalancienttraderoute,butalsoabridgelinkingthecultures

ofChinaandtheWest.

Significance:ItwasthroughtheSilkRoadthatpapermaking,gunpowder,compassandprinting,

thefourgreatinventionsofancientChina,wereintroducedaroundtheworld.Similarly,Chinese

silk,teaandporcelainwerespreadallovertheworld.

Throughoutthethousandsofyears,theinteractionalongthisroutehasshapedtheSilkRoadspirit,

whichisembodiedinsolidarityandmutualtrust,equalityandmutualbenefit,inclusiveness,a

dispositiontolearnfromeachother,andcooperationinfindingwin-winsolutions.

TheterracottaArmy兵馬俑

Contentandorigin:TheterracottaArmyinXin'an,alsoknownastheTerracottaWarriorsand

Horses,isasuperlargecollectionoflife-sizedterracottasculpturesinbattleformations,

reproducingthebigimperialguardtroopsofEmperorQinShiHuang,thefirstemperorofthefirst

unifieddynastyofImperialChina.

Status:Beingthemostsignificantarchaeologicalexcavationsofthe20thcenturyandaUNESCO

WorldHeritageSite,theTerracottaArmyisnodoubtamust-seeforeveryvisitortoXi'an.

3.成語故事篇

成語

DeHnition定義：ChinesesetphrasesareatypeoftraditionalChineseidiomaticexpression,most

ofwhichconsistoffourcharacters.

Origin起源：Chinesesetphrasesarespecialfixedphrases,originallyfromancientclassics,

historicalstoriesandpeople'sverbalstories.

Learningmethod學(xué)習(xí)方法：WhenlearningChinesesetphrases,wealsoneedtostudythe

contextfromwhichtheywerebom.

SleepingonBrushwoodandTastingGall臥薪嘗膽

Story:GouJian,thekingofYue,wasdefeatedbyHeLv,theKingofWu.Inordertomake

himselftougherandrememberhissufferingattheWuState,hesleptonbrushwoodandtasteda

gallbeforehavingdinnerandgoingtobed.Atthesametime,heconcentratedonadministeringhis

state.Afterafewyears,hiscountrybecamestrongandin473BC,hedefeatedWuState

completely.

Significancefortoday:Nowadays,peopleusetheidiom“SleepingonBrushwoodandTasting

Gair,todescribeonewhoenduresself-imposedhardshipsinordertorealizeone'sambition.

PullingUptheSeedlingstoHelpThemGrow攜苗助長

Story:Anelderlyfarmer,whowassoanxiousforharvest,lifteduptheyoungcropsbyhalfan

inchtomakethemgrowtaller,onlytoseealltheseedlingswitheredanddeadandtheyear's

harvestcompletelyruined.

Culturecomparison:InEnglish,thereisalsoanidiom“Morehaste,lessspeed,,or“Hastemakes

waste“withsimilarmeaning.

Significancefortoday:Nowadays,peopleusuallyusetheidiomtodescribethebehaviorof

impatientpeoplewhoaredyingtoachievesuccessonlytomakeitworse.Itremindsusthatwe

shouldfollowthelawofnatureandbepatient;otherwiseitwillleadtotheoppositeresult.

4.FolkTales民間故事

Xuanzang9sJourneytotheWest玄奘西行

Story:Xuanzang,alsocalledTangSeng,wasamonkinTangDynasty（618AD-907AD）,who,

havingovercomecountlesschallenges,managedtotraveltoTianzhu（nowIndia）,learned

BuddhismandreturnedtoTangwithpreciousBuddhistsutras（佛經(jīng)）.

Achievement:GreatTangRecordsontheWesternRegions（《大唐西域i己》）writtenbyXuanzang,

recordsthesceneriesandcustomsalonghistravelandprovidesuswithinvaluableinformationon

thehistoryoftheWesternRegion,CentralAsia,PakistanandIndia.

Influence:InspiredbythestoryofXuanzang,WuCheng'cn,anovelistoftheMingdynasty,

wroteJourneytotheWest,whichhasbecomeanexcellentlongfairynovel.

Status:XuanzangwasactuallyanancientChinesehistoricalfigurewhopossessedahigh

reputationinworldhistoryandinternationalexchanges.

5.traditionalArts&Crafts傳統(tǒng)藝術(shù)

ChineseCalligraphy中國書法

Content:Chinesecalligraphyreferstowritingartandtechniqueswithwritingbrushes.Writing

brushes,Chineseinks,ricepaperandinkslabsarethebasictoolsofcalligraphy.Thestructureof

eachindividualcharacterandoverallarrangementarebothimportant.Calligraphershavecreated

plentyofmasterpieceswhichhavebeenpassedfromgenerationtogeneration.

Story:1,600yearsago,aboynamedWangXizhiworkedhardatcalligraphy.Hewashedhis

writingbrushesinapoolandthepoolturnedblack.Eventually,hebecameaprominent

calligrapherinChina.

Statusandsignificanceoftoday:ChineseCalligraphyrepresentstheaesthetictasteand

philosophyofChinesescholars.

Chinesekite中國風(fēng)箏

Originanddevelopment起源和發(fā)展：Legendssayageneralmadekitestosendimportant

messagestohistroops.

Cross-culturecomparison中西文化對(duì)比：LongbeforeBenjaminFranklinpopularizedthekite

testingforunderstandingthenatureofelectricity,theChinesehadalreadybeenusingkitesbeyond

pleasurablepurposes.

Material材質(zhì)Classickitesusebamboo,rattan藤條orsomeotherstrong,butflexiblewoodtor

thespars骨架，paperorlightfabrics布suchassilkforthesails,andareflownonstringortwine

（多股繩）.

Shape形狀：Kitesoftenresemblebirds.

Artisticvalue藝術(shù)價(jià)值：Peopleoftenmakeexquisitedecorationsonkites.Kiteshavebecome

realworksofart.Theyseemlikebeautifulpaintingsflyinginthebluesky.

Couplets對(duì)聯(lián)

Status:DuilianiswidelyusedinChinaforvariousoccasions.ThereareSpringFestivalcouplets,

birthdaycouplets,weddingcouplets,scenicspotscoupletsandsoon.

Content:Coupletsarewrittenonverticalscrolls,orapairofscrollscontainingapoeticcouplet.

Hengpiisahorizontalscroll.Itisputbetweenthetwolinesandabovethem.Theorderofthe

charactersofHengpiisfromrighttoleft.ThecontentofHengpihasacloserelationshipwiththe

couplet.Ilisinfactthetitleorthethemeofthecouplet.

Artisticvalue藝術(shù)價(jià)值Traditionalcoupletsarewrittenwithinkandbrush,anditrequires

excellentcalligraphyskills.Theessenceofthecoupletsisdemonstratedbythegoodmeaningand

stylishcalligraphywork.

6.Traditionalfestivals傳統(tǒng)節(jié)日

TheSpringFestival

Story：ThewordNian(年),whichinmodernChinesemeans"year”,wasoriginallythenameofa

monsterbeastthatstartedtoeatpeoplethenightbeforethebeginningofanewyear.Theterm

“GuoNian”,whichmaymean“SurvivetheNian"，meanstoday"Celebratethe(new)yearasthe

word"guo"inChinesemeans"pass-over"or"observe”.Thecustomofputtingupredpaperand

settingofffire-crackerstoscareawayNiancontinuestoday.

Customs:Throughthousandsofyears5development,customsarespreadingfarandwide.

SweepingtheDustiswidelyacceptedasNewYearcleaning,andthereareotherinterestingrituals

suchaswaitingfortheNewYear,takingafamilyreunionfeast,watchingtheCCTVNewYear's

Gala,settingofffirecrackersandpayingaNewYear'sVisit.

LanternFestival元宵節(jié)

Time:UsuallyfallinginFebruaryorearlyMarchinthesolarcalendar,itmarksthefinaldayof

thetraditionalChineseNewYearcelebration.

Customs:Withahistoryofover2,000years,varioustraditionalcustomsandactivitiesareheld

duringtheLanternFestivalthatappealtopeopleofdifferentages,includingwatchinglanternsand

fireworks,guessinglanternriddles,performingfolkdances,andeatingYuanxiao,whichisalso

calledTangyuan.

Lanterns:Whenthefestivalcomes,redlanternscanbeseeninthestreet,ineachhouseandstore.

Intheparks,lanternsofvariousshapesandtypesattractcountlessvisitors.

GuessingLanternriddles:ItisanessentialpartoftheLanternFestival.Peoplewriteallkindsof

riddlesonpiecesofpaper,andpastethemoncolorfullanternstoletvisitorsguess.Thosewhoget

theanswerwillbepresentedwithgifts.

LionDanceLiondanceisanexcellenttraditionalartthataddsmuchfuntoanycelebration

includingtheLanternFestival.Twopersonsactlikeabiglion.Onemanagestheheadpartandthe

other,therest.Undertheguidanceofadirector,thelionssometimesjump,leap,anddodifficult

actssuchaswalkingonpoles.Accordingtoancientcustom,thelionisasymbolofbraveryand

strengththatcanprotectpeople,sobyperformingtheliondance,everyonepraysforaluckyand

happylife.

DragonDance:Thedanceisperformedbyateamofexperienceddancerswhomanipulatealong

flexiblefigureofadragonusingpolespositionedatregularintervalsalongthelengthofthe

dragon.ChinesedragonsareasymbolofChina'sculture,andtheyarebelievedtobringgoodluck

topeople.Thedragonsarebelievedtopossessqualitiesthatincludegreatpower,dignity,fertility,

wisdom,andfortune.

Specialfood:Tangyuan(sweetdumplingsmadewithglutinousriceflour)inChinesehasa

similarpronunciationwith“tuanyuan”,meaningreunion.SopeopleeatTangyuantorepresent

reunion,harmonyandhappinessforthefamily.

7.中國美食ChineseCuisine

Chinesefoodiswidelyknownforitsvarietyandabundancewithabout8,000renownedancient

andmodemdishes,600typesofingredientsandover48basicwaysofcooking.

ChinesefoodisanimportantpartofChinesecultureanditincludescuisinesoriginatingfromthe

diverseregionsofChina.

Guangdongcuisineislight,refreshingandisgreatlyabundantinvegetables.Itscongee粥and

dimsumreceiveawarmwelcomefromboththepublicandgastronomists(美食家).

Chinesepeopleattachparticularimportancetoatriple-principleoftheirfood,namely,color,

aromaandtaste.

Itsbasiccookingtechniquesincluderoasting,stir-frying,deep-frying,braising,stewingand

steaming.Amongthem,steamingandstir-fryingaremorecommonlyappliedtopreservethe

naturalflavor.Guangdongchefsalsopaymuchattentiontotheartisticpresentationofdishes.

Tablemanners

Chinesepeoplehavedevelopedexquisitecuisinesandregardfoodasanimportantpartindaily

life.TheimportanceoffoodhasevenimpactedaspectsoftheChineselanguage.Forexample,

peopledonotgreeteachotherwith“Howareyou"butinsteadtheyask,“Haveyoueaten?”

TheuseofchopsticksisamustintheChinesecuisine.Itwouldberegardedasbeingimpoliteif

thechopsticksarenotusedcorrectly.

Usually,thebowlofriceisheldwiththelefthandandbroughtclosetothemouthwhilethericeis

liftedintothemouthwiththechopsticks,heldintherighthand.Whilewaitingforthenextcourse,

oneshouldplacethechopsticksneatlyonthechopstickrestandavoidcrossingthemorputting

themonthericebowl.Also,oneshouldneitherpointwithhischopsticksnorstickhischopsticks

uprightintohisricebowl,whichisconsidereddisrespectful.

Itisbettertoleavethebestplaceonthediningtablefortheelders.Ifagroupofpeoplearehaving

meal,thehighlyregardedmembersaregiventheplaceattheheadofthetablewhiletheresttake

theirseatsaccordingly.

LazySusan餐桌轉(zhuǎn)盤

Itisaroundrotatingdiscinthecenterofthediningtable.TheideabehindtheLazySusanisto

ensurethatalltheparticipantshaveequalextentofaccessibilitytotheserveddishes.Thebasic

purposeoftheLazySusanistomakeeverybodyrealizethateachoneishonored.Thisisoneof

thesignsofhospitalityandequality.

Teaculture

Content：TheChineseteaculturereferstothemethodsofpreparationoftea,theequipmentused

tomaketeaandtheoccasionswhenteaisconsumed.

Status：ManyChinesefamiliesdrinkteaafterdinnerorwhenreceivingvisitors.Thisnotonlyis

ahealthyhabit,butalsoreflectsrichcultureandhistory.Chinesepeoplecanchatwithafriendfor

awholeafternoonoveragoodpotoftea.

WhiteSlicedChicken白切雞

Chickenboiledinplainwaterwithoutseasoningcanbestpreservetheoriginaltaste.Peoplein

Guangdonghaveasaying“nochicken,nofeast,\mainlyreferringtotheWhiteSlicedChicken.

Zongzi粽子isapyramid-shapeddumplingmadeofglutinousriceandwrappedinbambooor

reedleavestogiveitaspecialflavor.

Dumplings餃子Intoday'sChina,manybelieveeatingdumplingswillbringfortune,becausethe

foodresembles“yuanbao”,aboat-shapedgoldingotthatwasusedascunencyinthepast.

TangHulu糖葫蘆Tanghulu,crystallinesugar-coatedhaws,isadeliciousandwholesome

traditionalsnackcommonlyseeninstoresandonstreets.Peopleputhawsonastickanddipped

theminhotsugarsyrup.Thesyrupturnedintoasolidcoating,likecrystalsonthehaws'surface.

Thehawsaretart酸的andthecrystalsugarissweet.Thespecialtasteoftenremindsusofour

happychildhoods.

8.人物故事篇FamousPeopleinAncientTimes

ZhengHe鄭和

Who:ZhengHewasthemostoutstandingnavigatorinChinesehistory,whosetalentwasfully

showninallthegreatworkhedidinhislife.

Achievements:ZhengHeledsevenlargefleetstothewesternareas,passingthroughSoutheast

AsiaandtheIndianOcean,reachingasfarastheredseaandtheeastcoastofAfrica,andcovering

morethan30countriesandregionsinAsiaandAfrica.Hismaritimevoyageswereunprecedented

inthehistoryofhumancivilizationforitsscale,rangeandnavigationalachievements.The

expeditionshelpedgrowthandexpansionofeast-westtrade.

ZhangQian'sMissiontotheWesternRegions張騫出使西域

Who:ZhangQianwasthefirstofficialdiplomat夕卜交官tobringbackreliableinformationabout

CentralAsia.HeplayedakeyroleinopeningChinatotheworldofcommercialtradesincehis

travelswerecloselyassociatedwiththeSilkRoad.

Achievements:Hedevotedallhislifetotheestablishmentanddevelopmentofthefriendly

relationsbetweenChinaandthecountriesintheWesternRegions.Thefrequenteconomicand

culturalexchangesbetweentheEastandtheWestpromotedthedevelopmentofsocietiesinthe

regionandthespreadofcivilizationsalongthiseast-westcorridor.Historywillrememberthis

braveexploreranddiplomatforever.

CaoXueqinandADreamoftheRedMansion曹雪芹與《紅樓夢》

AsoneofthegreatestwritersinChina,CaoXueqinisfamousforhiswork,ADreamoftheRed

Mansion,whichisoneofChina'sFourGreatClassicalNovelsandislongconsidereda

masterpieceofChineseliterature,involvingallkindsofknowledge,allkindsofvividcharacters

andofcoursehistalentandlanguage.

SuShi蘇軾andCiPoetry

SuShi,alsoknownasSuDongpo,wasanamazinglytalentedindividualinChina'sSongdynasty.

Hewasanoutstandingwriter,poet,painter,calligrapherandstatesman.

SuDongpowasexpertintheshi,ci,andfuformsofpoetry,aswellasprose,calligraphyand

painting.Someofhisremarkableworksinclude,t€TothetuneofCharmoftheMaidenSinger:The

RedCliff（《念奴嬌赤壁懷古》）andtfcTothetuneofWaterMelody:theMid-AutumnFestival,，,

（《水調(diào)歌頭明月幾時(shí)有》）.

SuShifoundedthePowerfulandFreeSchool（豪放派）.Inbothhiswrittenworksandhis

paintings,hecombineddescriptionsofnaturalphenomena,raisingthecultur