Artificial Intelligence with Free Will Being Human in the 具有自由意志的人工智能是人類

ArtificialIntelligence

withFreeWill

BeingHumanintheAgeofAIInternationalCentre,GoaKuruvillaPandikattuSJ

Jnana-DeepaVidyapeeth,Pune,India

kuru@.in12March2020ContentsIntroduction1.BigQuestions:FromPhilosophytoTechnology2.AuthorityfromHumanstoAlgorithms3.SomeSignificantImplications4.PreciousandPrecariousFreedomLivingwithAIConclusion25articles TobepublishedasabookinJune2020:kuru@.inIntroductionThefuturebelongsto“man-machine”leadtoatechnologicaldisruptionthatcanhaveaseriousimpactontheexistenceofhumanityandthewellbeingofall.anextendedselfofhumanbeingwhoisoftenperceivedashavingafreewillMostphilosophersandtheologiansbelievethatcivilizationsevolvedonawidespreadbeliefinfreewill.Some

thinkers

(Skinner,

Freud)asdeterministsIntroductionA

chatbot

isacomputerprogramthatsimulateshumanconversationthroughvoicecommandsortextchatsorboth.

Chatbot,shortforchatterbot,isan

ArtificialIntelligence

(AI)featurethatcanbeembeddedandusedthroughanymajormessagingapplicationsGettingsmartereverydayandarebecomingmorehuman-likeAIsystemslikeAlexaandGoogleAssistantasextendedselfandsomeevenhavedevelopedanintimaterelationshipwiththem,thusineffecttreatingthemasanentityinitself.TowardsnotjustbettercomputingpowerbutwithemotionalintelligenceIntroductionFreewillisacomplextopicContributedalottothewellbeingofhumansocietyRevisittofreewillfromananthropocentricapproachtoanewapproachwhereallbeings(i.e.,AI)areequalAGI(artificialgeneralintelligence)

ASI(Artificialsuperintelligence)Can

they

hack

human?Thecoexistenceofhumansandmachinesisgoingtobethenewsocialsystem!1.BigQuestionsTechnologyFreewill,responsibility,meaning,agency,Philosophers,

classics,humanitiesquestionsaregoingtomigratefromthedepartmentofphilosophytothedepartmentofengineeringinthedepartmentofeconomics.Questionslikewhatdoyoureallywanttodowithyourlifearegoingtobecomefarmorepracticalthaneverbefore.Theimmensepowersthattechnologyisgivingusand

theabilitytochangeyourselftochangeyourbodyto

changeyourbrainisgoingtoputenormous

philosophicalchallengesinfrontoftheaverageperson1.BigQuestionsTechnologyQuestionsandphilosophicalquestionsaretobeansweredalmostinstantlyEg:

self-driving

cars!ThetechnologylikeAIthatwillreshapethefutureoflifeitself.TechnicaldisruptionisafarmorecomplicatedproblembecausewedonotwanttogiveupontheimmensepotentialofartificialintelligenceandbioengineeringNogeneralagreementaboutwhatisthebestoutcomeandmanyoftheprojectsthatfrightensomepeoplegetotherpeopleextremelyexcited.2.ShiftingofAuthorityfromHumanstoAlgorithmsHumansarehackableanimals.ThisistheresultofthecombinationoftwoenormousscientificandtechnologicalrevolutionsOrganismsarereallyalgorithmsandthereforealgorithmcanhackorganisms.Biologicalknowledgemultipliedbycomputingpowermultipliedbydataequalstheabilitytohackhumans.CanhackinghelpmetounderstandmebetterthanIunderstandmyself.(Homo

Deus)?WhoeverunderstandsmebetterthanIunderstandmyselfcannotjustpredictmydecisionsandchoicesbutcanalsomanipulatemydecisionsandchoicesandincreasinglytakedecisionsonmybehalf.NeuraLink,acompanysetupbyElonMusktoexplorewaystoconnectthehumanbraintoacomputerinterface,hasappliedtoUSregulatorstostarttriallingitsdeviceonhumans,

BBCNews

reports.ForbesZuckerbergenteredtheracewithgoalsoffiguringouthowtogetcomputerchipsintoeveryone’sbrains.TheattentionofMuskandZuckerbergmeansthepotentialforgiantleapsforward.Butthequestionnooneseemstobeaskingiswhetherourdependenceonmachinesandtechnologyhasfinallygonetoofar.

2.ShiftingofAuthorityfromHumanstoAlgorithmsShiftingofauthorityfromhumans(individuals)toalgorithmsManygovernmentsandcorporationsandinstitutionsthroughouthistoryhadthisambitiontounderstandandcontrolhumans.Earlier

itwasimpossible,sincetheyneverhadthebiologicalknowledgeofthecomputingpowerandthedatanecessarytodoit.Somecorporationsandsomegovernmentswillhaveallthesetosystematicallyhackmillionsandevenbillionsofpeople2.ShiftingofAuthorityfromHumanstoAlgorithmsFacebookRussian

interference

in

US

Elections3.SomeSignificantImplicationsEndofliberaldemocracyandtheendofthefree-marketeconomyLD:

“thevoterknowsthebestandvoterisanultimateauthorityinthepoliticalfield.“Free-marketeconomyisbasedontheideathatthecustomerisalwaysright.TheultimateauthorityinthefieldofeconomicsisthedesireofthecustomersThepoliticalgovernmentsshouldrepresentthewillofthepeopleandthecorporationshouldservethewillWenoworwillsoonhavethetechnologythatwillenablegovernmentsandcooperationtomanipulateandcontrolthewillofthevotersandthedesireofthecustomers.3.SomeSignificantImplicationsIdeaofbeingincontrolofhowweacttheuptous-nessofouractionsisallaboutfreewillAre

we

in

control

of

our

actions

and

ourselves?FreewillmoralresponsibilityAll

religions

and

atheism

based

on

it!humanbeingscareaboutandmakesusdistinctlyhumanmortality,politics,law,religion,intimaterelationshipfeelingtopersonalaccomplishment,feelingofguiltandresponsibility4.Precious,PrecariousFreedomWehavearobustexperienceoffreedom,howeverlimiteditmaybe!Weare

linkedtoeachother!LinkedtoourpastandhistoryPrideand

shameCompassionandconcernCauseand

effect4.Precious,PrecariousFreedomReligions:Freewillexplainsevilmaketheideaofsin.Wedonotliketoliveaworldofrandomnessandluckalone!Norarewefullyathomeinaworldofdeterminism!Youwillloseallcuriosityandalsoallsuspicionaboutwhereyourdesireandthoughtsarecomingfrom.4.Precious,PrecariousFreedomHumandesirereflectsalargenumberofbiologicalandsocialandculturalfactorsthatarenotunderyourcontrolbutmightbeincreasinglyunderthecontrolofsomebodyelse.Freedomisnotsomethingyouhavefreedomissomethingyouneedtostrugglefor.4.Precious,PrecariousFreedomWewereneverasfreeaswethoughtwewere.Thereissomeevidencethatfreewillisalwaysanillusion.Inthatpast,youdidn'thavetopayahighpriceforbelievinginthisillusionbecausehumansweretoocomplicatedtobehackedbyexternalsystems.Youcouldstillbelieveinfreewillbecausenobodycould

reallyunderstandhowyoumakedecisionsandnobodycouldmanipulatepeopleonthescale.4.Precious,PrecariousFreedomNowfreewillmightbecomeoneofthemostdangerousillusionsintheworldbecausetheeasiestpeopletomanipulatearethepeoplewhobelieveinfreewill.Can

we

afford

to

live

without

this

“illusion”?These

“traces

of

freedom”

makes

us

human

beings

with

elements

ofSurpriseJoyExpectationunknowabilityContents0.Intro1.BigQuestions:FromPhilosophytoTechnology2.AuthorityfromHumanstoAlgorithms3.SomeSignificantImplications4.PreciousandPrecariousFreedomLivingwithAIConclusionConcludingThoughtsWecannottotallycontrolourthoughtsTheexperienceofthepresentmomenteventhesimplestsensationisbuiltuponlayersofunconsciousprocessing.Theunconsciousmachineryproducesnotonlyourperceptionsbutourthoughts,intentions,actions,decisions.BenjaminLibet(1916-2007),UnivofCalifornia,foundthetimelagbetweenthemomentyouthinkyoudecidedtodosomethingandthemomentatwhichyourbraindecided.Thevoluntaryactionsalsocanbedetectedbeforeyoubecomeawareof