老高考適用2023高考英語(yǔ)一輪總復(fù)習(xí)第一編教材知識(shí) Unit14Careers北師大版

Unit14Careers

晨起第一事背誦經(jīng)典句

1.Fourshortwordssumupwhathasliftedmostsuccessfulindividualsabove

thecrowd:alittlebitmore.

四個(gè)簡(jiǎn)短的單詞一一精益求精，總結(jié)出了成功者相比于普通人的高明之處。

2.Oneofthereasonswhythestorewasfoundedwastoprovidemoreemployment

opportunitiesforpeoplewithdisabilities.

這家店創(chuàng)立的原因之一是為殘疾人提供更多的就業(yè)機(jī)會(huì)。

3.Weshouldmakeeffortstocarryforwardthespiritofmodelworkers,labor

andcraftsmanship,stimulatemoreworkers,especiallytheyoungergeneration,to

improvetheirskills,andfostermorehighlyskilledworkersandcraftsmen.

我們應(yīng)該大力弘揚(yáng)勞模精神、勞動(dòng)精神、工匠精神，激勵(lì)更多勞動(dòng)者特別是青年一代走

技能成才、技能報(bào)國(guó)之路，培養(yǎng)更多高技能人才和大國(guó)工匠。

4.Itisnousedoingwhatyoulike;youhavegottolikewhatyoudo.

不能愛(ài)哪行才干哪行，要干哪行愛(ài)哪行。

自主推杳夯星固本I

?重點(diǎn)單詞

I核心單詞

(1)income(/?.)收入

(2)reward(〃.)獎(jiǎng)賞(M.)酬謝，報(bào)答frewarding(adj.)有益的faward(/?.)獎(jiǎng)

品，獎(jiǎng)狀(北.)頒發(fā)，授予

(3)charge(vt.)收費(fèi)，要價(jià)(〃.)負(fù)責(zé)fchargeable(adj.)應(yīng)支付的

(4)SUmnIary(〃.)摘要，總結(jié)

(5)guidance(〃.)指導(dǎo)fguide{vt.)指導(dǎo)

(6)aid(/7.)援助，幫助—assistance(〃.)(同義詞)幫助

(7)topic(/7.)話題ftitle(〃.)標(biāo)題；頭銜ftheme(〃.)主題

(8)ComPrehenSion(/?.)理解fcomprehend^vt.)領(lǐng)會(huì)；理解fcomprehensible(adj.)

可理解的fcomprehensive{adj.)綜合的；詳盡的

(9)appointment(/7.)約見(jiàn)，約會(huì)fappoint(rΛ)任命，委派

(IQ)basis(〃.)基礎(chǔ)，根據(jù)fbase(vt.)以...為基礎(chǔ)fbasic{adj.)基礎(chǔ)的

(11)surrounding(adj.)附近的，周圍的fSUrroUnd{vt.)圍繞，環(huán)繞fsurroundings

(〃)(周圍的)環(huán)境

(12)overcome(rt)克服，戰(zhàn)勝

(13)grasp(".)理解，領(lǐng)會(huì)；抓牢，抓緊f∏ιaster(rf.)(同義詞)掌握，精通

(14)inspect(匕)審核，審查finspection(/7.)檢查，視察finspector(/?.)檢查

員；巡視員

(15)illegal(adj.)不合法的，違法的fillegality(，.)非法，違法flegal(封/力)

(反義詞)合法的

(16)existence(/?.)生活；存在fexist(vi.)存在

(17)constantly(adv.)不斷地fconstant{adj.)不斷的，連續(xù)的

(18)hesitate(vi.)猶豫，躊躇fhesitation(/?.)猶豫，躊躇

(19)decrease(vt.)減少，降低

(20)operate(vi.&vt.)運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)，運(yùn)作；操作foperation3)操作；運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)；營(yíng)運(yùn)；手

術(shù)fopcrational(adj.)操作的

(21)respond(vi.)反應(yīng)；回復(fù)，回答fresponse(〃.)反應(yīng)；作答

(22)flexible{adj.)靈活的，柔韌的fflexibly{adv.)靈活地

(23)bother(vt,)煩擾，打擾ftrouble(?！?)(同義詞)打擾，麻煩fdislurb(北)(同

義詞)打擾，騷擾

(24)comfort(〃.)舒適，安逸fcomfortable(adj.)舒適的~COmfOrtab1y(adv.)舒

適地

(25)panic(K)(使)恐慌，驚惶fpanicked(過(guò)去式和過(guò)去分詞)

(26)qUaIifiCatiOn(〃.)資格，資歷fqualified(adj.)有資格的fqualify(/外)使

具備資格

II閱讀單詞

(1)insurance(/?.)保險(xiǎn)

(2)paragraphE)段落

(3)dataE)資料，數(shù)據(jù)fdatabase(〃.)數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)

(4)receipt(/?.)收據(jù)，收條

(5)consult{vt.)請(qǐng)教；查閱fconsultant(〃.)顧問(wèn)fconsultation(〃.)咨詢

fconsultative{adj.)咨詢的

(6)casual{adj.)隨意的，非正式的fcasually{adv.)無(wú)意地,偶然地

(7)quarrel(vi,)吵架，爭(zhēng)吵

(8)instant(〃.)片刻，瞬間finstantIy{adv.)立刻地，馬上，即刻地

(9)idiom(∕λ)習(xí)語(yǔ)，成語(yǔ)fidiomatic(adj.)符合語(yǔ)??習(xí)慣的，地道的

(10)bend{vi.)彎腰，傾身

(IDstage(〃.)舞臺(tái)；階段，時(shí)期

(12)judgment(∕λ)判斷，判斷力fjudge(rΛ)判斷

(13)envy(匕)羨慕，妒忌

(14)slave(〃.)奴隸fslavery(∕λ)奴隸制

q語(yǔ)境活用［單句語(yǔ)法填空］

1.Thejobisdifficult,butthefinancial(reward)aregreat.

答案：rewards

2.Hewaschargedmurderbutfoundinnocentlater.

答案：with

3.Childrenneedmoral(guide)tomaketheirwayintheworld.

答案：guidance

4.Youshouldphonehissecretaryifyouwanttomakean(appoint).

答案：appointment

5.Theselectionprocessis(basis)onrigoroustestsofcompetenceand

experience.

答案：based

6.Helookedmorerelaxedanditseemsasifsomeoftheharmonyfromhis

(surround)hadflowedintohim.

答案：surroundings

7.Ile(overcome)allkindsofdifficultiesbyhisdeterminedspirit.

答案：overcame

8.Itis(legal)toentertheareawithoutpermission.

答案：illegal

9.HeofferedtohelpUSinthatconditionwithoutany(hesitate).

答案：hesitation

10.Heoften(operate)onpatientsuntillateatnight.

答案：operates

O聯(lián)想積累

1.加in—前綴構(gòu)成的形容詞

①inflexible不可改變的，僵硬的

②inaccurate不準(zhǔn)確的

③incorrect不正確的

④incapable不能克制自己的；無(wú)能力的

⑤incomparable無(wú)比的

?insensitive對(duì)...沒(méi)有感覺(jué)的，麻木不仁的

⑦inadequate不充分的

⑧inadmissible不能采納的

⑨inelastic無(wú)彈性的

⑩indirect間接的，迂回的

?InaCCeSSibIe不能接近的

?InCaUtioUS不慎重的

?inanimate無(wú)生命的

(HXnapparent不明顯的

?inactive不活躍的

?inapplicable不適用的

@inappreciative不欣賞的

2.常見(jiàn)一Iy結(jié)尾的副詞

①COnStantly不斷地

②annuaIly每年，一年一度地

③interestingly有趣地

?excitedly興奮地

⑤happiIy快樂(lè)地

⑥Sadly悲傷地

⑦fairIy很，十分

⑧COmmOnly常見(jiàn)地

?amazingly令人驚訝地

⑩effectively有效地

(Ubrightly明亮地，歡快地

(presently現(xiàn)在，目前

?IIadly瘋狂地

?IIainIy主要地

(ISfeasily容易地

?)racticaIIy實(shí)際上地，事實(shí)上

?directly直接地

?CaithfUIly忠誠(chéng)地

?VarnIly溫暖地

?freeIy自由地

O重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)

1.haveproblems(in)doingsth

做某事有困難

2.takechargeof接管，控制

3.giveaidto給...幫助

4.setanexampleto給...樹(shù)立一個(gè)榜樣

5.sendoff寄出，發(fā)出

6.makeup虛構(gòu)，編造

7.makeout聽(tīng)出，看出；理解

8.gointodetail(s)談?wù)?，?xì)談

9.situp坐直

10.speakup大聲地說(shuō)，自由而大膽地說(shuō)出

11.believein信任，信仰

12.turnOVer反轉(zhuǎn)

13.PayOff償清；有好結(jié)果

14.keepUPWiIh趕上，跟上

15.inCaSe以防萬(wàn)一；萬(wàn)一

16.ratherIhan而不

17.dueto由于

18.applyfor申請(qǐng)

19.PartiCiPatein參與

20.inaddition另外

q語(yǔ)境活用［選詞填空］

takechargeof,sendoff,makeup,makeout,gointodetail,turnover,

payoff,applyfor,participatein,inaddition

1.Weallthinkhisstorywasbyhim.

答案：madeup

2.Youmustlistentomecarefully,asIwillontheimportanceof

thearticle.

答案：gointodetail

3.HewillthecompanyinsteadofMrWang.

答案：takechargeof

4.WhenIwentintotheyard,Isawsomechildrensomestonestolook

forants.

答案：turningover

5.Hecopiestovariouspeopleforthemtoreadandmakecomments.

答案：sentoff

6.Icouldjustafigureinthedarkness,anddidn,tknowwhoitwas

infact.

答案：makeout

7.Theyenteredthecountryandpermanentresidence.

答案：appliedfor

8.Mybrotherwasdeterminedtobecomeadoctorandhispersistence.

答案：paidoff

9.Part-timeEnglishclassesareoffered.,studentscantakeclasses

inword—processingandcomputing.

答案：Inaddition

10.1joinedStudentUnionatuniversity,manyschoolactivitiesafter

school.

答案：participatingin

N聯(lián)想積累

“動(dòng)詞+名詞+(in)doingsth”短語(yǔ)

①haveproblems(in)doingsth做某事有問(wèn)題/困難

②havetroubleindoingsth做某事有麻煩

③havedifficultyindoingsth做某事有困難

?spendtimeindoingsth花時(shí)間做某事

⑤WaStetimeindoingSth浪費(fèi)時(shí)間做某事

?常用句式

課文原句句式梳理仿寫(xiě)訓(xùn)練

1.Ifinditarealbattle

We_______________________

beingonmyfeetallthe

find+賓語(yǔ)+名詞、形容詞、whenWewerelyingonit.

time1ikethat.

分詞等作賓補(bǔ)當(dāng)我們躺在床上時(shí)，發(fā)現(xiàn)這床

我發(fā)現(xiàn)這樣一直站著真的是

非常舒適。

一種挑戰(zhàn)。(P24)

2.“ThatiswhenIrealised_________________Ithink

theimportanceofbeingathatdaywasthehappiest

journalist,“saidJunyan.本句是一個(gè)復(fù)合句，When引timeinmylife.

“就是在那時(shí)，我意識(shí)到了作導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句這就是我為什么認(rèn)為那一天

為一名記者的重要性，”君燕是我一生中最開(kāi)心的時(shí)光的

說(shuō)。(P26)原因。

答案：1.foundthebedVerycomfortable2,Thisiswhy

直擊承點(diǎn)突破石為

/Z單詞,出津ZZ

①rewardn.獎(jiǎng)賞，報(bào)酬vt.獎(jiǎng)賞，報(bào)答(Pu)

?先練

(1)單句語(yǔ)法填空

?Hewasgivenarewardpassingtheexam.

(g)Thestudentshavebeenworkinghardontheirlessonsandtheireffortswill

berewardedsuccessintheend.

答案：①for②With

(2)單句寫(xiě)作

Goodandevilwillalways；itisonlyaquestionoftime.

善惡到頭終有報(bào)，只是來(lái)早與來(lái)遲。

答案：berewarded

■后講

(1)inrewardfor.?.作為報(bào)酬;作為對(duì)..的報(bào)答

asareward(for...)作為(對(duì)...的)報(bào)酬/獎(jiǎng)賞

give/offersbarewardforsth因?yàn)槟呈露o某人報(bào)酬

(2)rewardSbfor(doing)sth因(做)某事而獎(jiǎng)賞某人,因?yàn)?做)某事給某人報(bào)酬

rewardsbwithsth用某物回報(bào)某人

(3)rewardingadj.報(bào)酬高的，有益的

②chargevt.收費(fèi)，要價(jià)n.負(fù)責(zé)(P21)

r先練

(1)單句語(yǔ)法填空

@Wehavetomakeasmallchargerefreshments.

(2)Thesuspectwaschargedmurderinghiswife.

答案：①for②With

(2)單句寫(xiě)作

AfewyearsagoZhangGanghisfather,scompany.

幾年前，張剛接管了他爸爸的公司。

答案：tookchargeof

■后講

(l)chargesbmoneyfor...向某人索取...的費(fèi)用

chargesbwith...指控某人...

(2)inchargeof主管……,掌管/管理……

in/underthechargeofsb在某人的掌管之下，由某人負(fù)責(zé)

takechargeof管理，負(fù)責(zé)

freeofcharge=forfree免費(fèi)

特別提醒

inchargeof往往以人作主語(yǔ)，指“某人負(fù)責(zé)(主管)某事"；inthechargeof往往以

物作主語(yǔ)，指“某物由某人主管”。

類似的還有：incontrolof"控制"，inthecontrolof"由...控制"；inpossession

of"擁有“，inthepossessionof"被...擁有”。

③appointmentn.約會(huì)，約見(jiàn)(P%)

『先練

(1)單句語(yǔ)法填空

φShemadeappointmentforhersontoseethedoctor.

(2)Shehasanappointmentheraccountantintheoffice.

答案：①an②With

(2)單句寫(xiě)作

HewantstofromMondaytoWednesday.

他想把他的約會(huì)從星期一改到星期三。

答案：changehisappointment

?后講

(1)acceptanappointment接受任命

make/fixanappointmentwithsb與某人約會(huì)

haveanappointment有一個(gè)約會(huì)

(2)appoint約定;任命；委派

appointsbas...任命某人為...

④hesitatevi.猶豫，躊躇(P*)

丁先練

(1)單句語(yǔ)法填空

φDonothesitate(tell)usifyouhaveanyproblem.

②Hejumpedintotherivertosavethedrowninggirlhesitation.

答案：①totell?without

⑵單句改錯(cuò)

Weareatyourservice;don,thesitateturntousforhelp.

答案:hesitate后加to

■后講

(l)hesitatetodosth不愿意做某事，對(duì)做某事有顧慮

hesitateabout/over(doing)sth對(duì)(做)某事猶豫不決

(2)hesitationn.躊躇，猶豫

withouthesitation毫不猶豫地

havenohesitationindoingsth毫不猶豫地做某事

⑤decreasevt.&n.減少，降低(P^)

。先練

(1)單句語(yǔ)法填空

(T)Therehasbeenadecreasethenumberofemployeesthisyear.

②Aftertakingthemedicine,histemperaturedecreasedfrom40℃

36.8℃.

答案：①in②to

(2)單句寫(xiě)作

Thenumberofthiskindofbird200.

這種鳥(niǎo)的數(shù)量減少到了200。

答案：hasdecreasedto

■后講

decreasein...在...(方面)降低/減少

decreaseto/by...減少到/減少了...

decreasefrom...to...從...減少/降低到....

特別提醒

decreaseto短語(yǔ)中的to意為“減少到...”，而decreaseby意為“降低了....”。

⑥r(nóng)espondvi.反應(yīng)；回復(fù)，回答很28)

嘲先練

(1)單句語(yǔ)法填空

?Thismodestgroupsizeallowsourteacherstorespondtheneedsof

eachstudent.

②TheS6commentscameresponsetospecificquestionsoftenaskedbythe

locals.

答案：①to②in

(2)單句寫(xiě)作

Theteacherthequestionthatstudentputforward.

老師對(duì)那個(gè)學(xué)生的問(wèn)題作了肯定的回答。

答案：respondedyesto

?后講

(Drespondto回答,對(duì)...作出反應(yīng)

(2)responsen.回答；反應(yīng)；響應(yīng)

makea/noresponseto...對(duì)...給予/沒(méi)有回答

inresponseto作為對(duì)...的回應(yīng)

⑦flexibleadj.靈活的，柔韌的很28)

「先練

(1)單句語(yǔ)法填空

①Weshouldsticktotheprinciplesandflexibleaswell.

(2)Youneedtobemoreflexibleandimaginativeyourapproach.

答案：①be②in

(2)單句寫(xiě)作

Ourplanshavetotocaterfortheneedsofeveryone.

我們的計(jì)劃必須能夠變通，以滿足每個(gè)人的需要。

答案：beflexibleenough

■后講

(l)beflexiblein在...方面靈活

(2)flexibilityn.靈活性

⑧comfortn.舒適，安逸vt.使舒服(P28)

工先練

⑴單句語(yǔ)法填空

φTheyhadenoughmoneytolivecomfortintheiroldage.

(2)Sheturnedintoamore(comfort)positiononthechair.

答案：①in②COmfortable

⑵單句改錯(cuò)

Theyliveatcomfortandluxury.

答案：at-*in

工后講

(1)incomfort舒適地

takecomfortfrom/in在...中得到安慰

(2)comfortoneselfWith用...安慰自己

(3)comfortableadj.舒適的

⑨panicvi.&n.恐慌，驚惶(P2θ)

彳先練

⑴單句語(yǔ)法填空

?Officeworkersfledpanicasthefirebrokeout.

②Thechildren(panic)whentheyrealizedtheygotlost.

答案：①in②PaniCked

⑵單句寫(xiě)作

There,snopointabouttheexams.

對(duì)考試驚惶失措是沒(méi)有用的。

答案：gettingintoapanic

工后講

inpanic恐慌地

getintoapanic陷入恐慌

panic的過(guò)去式和過(guò)去分詞均為panicked

〃短語(yǔ)&撥〃

①giveaidto給...幫助(P/

■r先練

⑴單句語(yǔ)法填空

Weshouldgiveaidwhoeverisinneed.

答案：to

⑵單句改錯(cuò)

φGiveaidtosomeonedoesn,tmeanonlytoprovidesomemoneyforhim.

(2)1didn,tspeakanyFrench,butanicemancametomyaids.

答案：①GiVe-GiVing②aids—aid

r后講

inaidofsth/sb為了幫助某物/人

withtheaidof借助于

come/gotosb,said幫助某人

②InakeUP虛構(gòu)，編造(P24)

照先練

(1)單句語(yǔ)法填空

①Theyoungwomanwhoisgoodat(make)upstoriesisgettingonwell

withthoselittlechildren.

②Fivestudentsmakeofalearninggroup.

答案：①I(mǎi)iIaking②UP

(2)單句寫(xiě)作

Heanexcuseabouthisdaughterbeingsick.

他編了個(gè)借口，說(shuō)他的女兒病倒了。

答案：madeup

■后講

makeout(費(fèi)力)理解；假裝；辨認(rèn)出；看清楚

makeit取得成功；準(zhǔn)時(shí)到達(dá)；做到了

bemadeupof由...組成

makefor移向，走向；促成；有利于

makeupfor彌補(bǔ)，補(bǔ)償

makeupone,smind下定決心

③gointodetail(s)討論,細(xì)談(P%)

丁先練

(1)單句語(yǔ)法填空

Askyourbosstogodetailaboutwhatheorsheneedsfromyou.

答案：into

⑵單句改錯(cuò)

?Planningisgoodasitdecidestodetailhowwedowhatwewanttodo.

②Goingfordetailaboutthestoryhappeningtohimisverydifficult.

答案：①第一個(gè)tofin②forfinto

坳后講

in(more)detail詳細(xì)地

④turnover反轉(zhuǎn)；移交(P%)

?先練

(1)單句語(yǔ)法填空

φl(shuí)fyouturn,youmightfinditeasiertogettosleep.

(2)1would,indeed,turntheevidencetothepolice,ifpossible.

答案：①OVer②OVer

(2)單句寫(xiě)作

AyoungmanwhosegoodlooksandinnocentsmilehaveanInternet

celebrityhassparkedasurgeininterestinhishometown-Litang.

一個(gè)因帥氣外表和純真笑容而在網(wǎng)絡(luò)走紅的年輕人帶熱了游客們對(duì)其家鄉(xiāng)理塘的興趣。

答案：turnedhiminto

丁后講

turnaway轉(zhuǎn)過(guò)去；把...打發(fā)走

turndown拒絕

turninto變成...

turnin上交

turnoff關(guān)掉，避開(kāi)

turnouttobe結(jié)果是，證明是

turnon打開(kāi)

⑤Payoff得到好結(jié)果，取得成功；付清(債務(wù))(P26)

丁先練

(1)單句語(yǔ)法填空

φjohnstudiedhardbeforetheexamination,andit(pay)off.

②Itwouldtakehimtherestofhislifetopaythatloan.

答案：①Paid②Off

⑵單句寫(xiě)作

Intheendallofhisgreatefforts.

最后，他的努力得到了回報(bào)。

答案：paidoff

需后講

payback償還；報(bào)復(fù)

payfor付...的錢(qián)

payavisitto參觀...

⑥r(nóng)atherthan而不是(P28)

彳先練

(1)單句語(yǔ)法填空

1thinkI,11haveacolddrinkrathercoffee.

答案：than

(2)單句寫(xiě)作

①,Idecidedtogohomebytaxi.

我決定乘出租車回家，而不愿意再等下去了。

(2)Whydidn,tyouaskforhelp,trytodoitonyourown?

你干嗎非得自己干，而不請(qǐng)人幫忙？

答案：①Ratherthanwait②ratherthan

■后講

woulddosthratherthandosth寧愿做某事而不愿做某事

prefertodosthratherthandosth寧愿做某事而不愿意做某事

otherthan除...之外

⑦incase以防萬(wàn)一；萬(wàn)一(P28)

星先練

(1)單句語(yǔ)法填空

φl(shuí)twasconsiderateofMichaeltoinformusofhisdelaycasewegot

worried.

②Innocaseweallowsmokingintheclassroom.

答案：①in②Shan

(2)單句寫(xiě)作

You,dbettertakethekeyΓmout.

你最好帶著鑰匙以防我不在家。

答案：incase

除后講

incaseof...假如...，在....情況下

inanycase無(wú)論如何，不管怎樣

innocase絕不，在任何情況下都不(位于句首時(shí)，句子部分倒裝)

inthis/thatCaSe如果是這樣/那樣的話

asisoftenthecase這是常有的事

⑧participatein參加(P3o)

飛先練

(1)單句語(yǔ)法填空

①EaChchiId(participate)inorganisedactivitiesatschoolthat

day.

②Wewantmore(participate)inthedecision-making.

答案：CDparticipated?participation

(2)單句寫(xiě)作

ManycountriesandregionsthefourthChinaInternational

ImportExpoinShanghai.

很多國(guó)家和地區(qū)參與了在上海舉行的第四屆中國(guó)國(guó)際進(jìn)口博覽會(huì)。

答案：participatedin

?后講

takepartin參加，參與

beinvolvedin參與；卷入

〃句型與語(yǔ)法〃

①［教材原句］IaskedJunyanwhatshelikedmostaboutherjobandshesaidthat

althoughtherewasn,tmuchgloryinareporter,sexistence,shefounditinteresting

andchallenging.

我問(wèn)君燕，在工作中她最喜歡什么，她說(shuō)雖然記者的存在并沒(méi)有什么光彩，但她發(fā)現(xiàn)這

份工作很有趣而且富有挑戰(zhàn)性。(P26)

?先練

(1)單句語(yǔ)法填空

①I(mǎi)n1492,ColumbusreachedisnowcalledAmerica.

(2)Theyounggirlwastoofrightenedtospeak,standingthereforseemed

likehours.

答案：①What②What

(2)單句改錯(cuò)

Hetoldmethathewantedwasacanvastravellingbag.

答案：thatwhat

/后講

此處為What引導(dǎo)名詞性從句作賓語(yǔ)。What可引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句，作動(dòng)詞、介詞的賓語(yǔ)；還

可以引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、同位語(yǔ)從句。由What引導(dǎo)的主語(yǔ)從句，后面的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞多用單數(shù)；但

若作表語(yǔ)的名詞是復(fù)數(shù)概念，或What引導(dǎo)的從句是一個(gè)帶有復(fù)數(shù)意義的并列結(jié)構(gòu)時(shí)，主句的

謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)。

②［教材原句］Shehesitatedandthentoldmethattheyearbeforeshehadbroken

herwristandthatthepreviousmonthshehadtwistedherankle.

她猶豫了一下，然后告訴我前一年她的手腕骨折了，上個(gè)月她扭傷了腳踝。(P27)

/先練

(1)單句語(yǔ)法填空

?Hesaidhewouldn,tgoshoppingandhewouldgoswimminginstead.

②Ithinkthatitwillclearupthisafternoonthattheywillgoout

foranouting.

答案：①that②and

(2)單句寫(xiě)作

ThenhesaidthatChineseisoneofthemostdifficultlanguagesintheworld

wemustpracticeitamonguseveryday.

然后他說(shuō)漢語(yǔ)是世界上最難學(xué)的語(yǔ)言之一，我們必須在我們中間每天練習(xí)。

答案：andthat

「后講

本句為“主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)+(that)賓語(yǔ)從句+and+that賓語(yǔ)從句”句型。當(dāng)一個(gè)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞

后接兩個(gè)或多個(gè)由that引導(dǎo)的并列賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，第一個(gè)that可以省略，其他的that一般不

省略。

③［教材原句］Betweennowandthe21stcentury,citizensoftheworld;srichest

andmostadvancednationswillfinditmoreandmoredifficulttokeepupwiththe

demandforchange.

從現(xiàn)在開(kāi)始到21世紀(jì),這個(gè)世界上最富有和最先進(jìn)的國(guó)家的公民會(huì)感到越來(lái)越難以跟上

變化的需要。(P28)

?先練

(1)單句語(yǔ)法填空

φHisdecisionmadeitpossibleforus(finish)theworkbyfouro,clock

thisafternoon.

②NOmatterwhereheis,hemakesitarule(go)forawalkaftersupper.

答案：①tofinish②togo

(2)單句寫(xiě)作

Nobodywithoutoutsidesupport.

沒(méi)有人認(rèn)為不需要外力的支持就能夠輕易取得成功。

答案：thinksiteasytosucceed

?后講

句中使用了ufind+it+^?.+todosth”結(jié)構(gòu)。其中it作形式賓語(yǔ)，真正的賓語(yǔ)是

不定式短語(yǔ)“tokeepupwiththedemandforChange",形容詞difficult作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。

特別提醒

it作形式賓語(yǔ)，用于“動(dòng)詞+it+賓補(bǔ)+真正的賓語(yǔ)”即“6123”結(jié)構(gòu)中：

“6”指常用的動(dòng)詞：think,believe,

make,find,consider,feel

“1”指形式賓語(yǔ)：it

“2”指賓補(bǔ)的兩種形式：形容詞和名詞

“3”指真正的賓語(yǔ)的三種形式：不定式、動(dòng)名詞和賓語(yǔ)從句

課文回練升年運(yùn)用I

根據(jù)課文內(nèi)容，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。

Now,thespeedofchangeisbecoming](increasing)fast.Whatshouldwedo

2_(keep)upwithit?Let,stake3deepbreathandtrytosensethegoodthings

thefuturehastooffer.

Thejobareaswillbemostaffectedbytechnologicalchange.Jobsinfarmingand

heavyindustry4(decrease)whiletheserviceindustry,themediaarebooming.

5_doubt,thenumberofjobsinITwillmultiply.Therearealsomany6important

changes7(take)place.Thejobisgettingmoreandmoreflexible.Inthesame

way,companieswillchange8(be)moredynamic.Goodcommunicationskillswill

be9(extreme)important.Newtechnologyisthe10(drive)force,sodo∏,t

getleftbehind.

1.________2._____—3.____—4.

5.________6.______7.____—8.

9.10.

答案:1.increasingly2.tokeep3.a4.aredecreasing5.Without6.other

7.taking8.tobe9.extremely10.driving

下礎(chǔ)達(dá)標(biāo)1在訓(xùn)練I

I.單句語(yǔ)法填空

1.HeaskedhowmuchI(pay)forthecomputer.

答案：hadpaid本句是一個(gè)間接引語(yǔ)，賓語(yǔ)從句的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在主句動(dòng)作之前，故應(yīng)該

用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。

2.HeorderedIISthatwe(hand)inourhomeworkbefore5：00.

答案：(should)hand本句是一個(gè)間接引語(yǔ)，且主句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是。rder,其后賓語(yǔ)從

句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用“should+動(dòng)詞原形"，ShOUld可以省略。

3.Sheaskeduswewouldtakeonthattaskinthatcaseornot.

答案：whether與ornot連用的連詞只有whether,在句中不作成分，表示“是否”

之意。

4.SheaskedUS(come)tohelpherwithEnglishthisweekend.

答案：tocomeasksbtodoSth是常用搭配，不定式作賓補(bǔ)。

5.(do)exerciseeverydayisgoodforourhealth,buttoomuchis

harmful.

答案：Doing根據(jù)句意可知，此處表示一種事實(shí)，應(yīng)該用動(dòng)名詞作主語(yǔ)。

6.Shetoldmethattheyweresoquiet,shewastheonlypersontalking

inclassanditfeltasifthechildrenwerepunishingherbymakingher

talktothewalls!

答案：that;that根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，told后跟三個(gè)并列的that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句，

在這種情況下，第一個(gè)賓語(yǔ)從句的連接詞that可省略，而后面的連接詞不能省略，故兩空均

用thato

7.Shesaysthatshe(leave)forBeijingthecomingweekend.

答案：isleaving根據(jù)句意可知，此處表示“將要?jiǎng)由砣ケ本?，leave為表示位置

移動(dòng)的動(dòng)詞，應(yīng)該用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表將來(lái)。

8.Theysaywhattheywant(be)usefulandvariousmaterials.

答案：are分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，Say后面為賓語(yǔ)從句，而賓語(yǔ)從句中又包含What引導(dǎo)

的主語(yǔ)從句，表語(yǔ)materials為復(fù)數(shù)概念，故賓語(yǔ)從句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)。

9.(take)chargeofabigcompanyisveryhardforanewlyelected

manager.

答案：Taking句意：對(duì)于一名剛當(dāng)選的經(jīng)理來(lái)說(shuō)，管理一個(gè)大公司是很困難的。此處

需用動(dòng)名詞作主語(yǔ)。

10.Hesaidalotbutdidn,tmakeclearwhenandwherethemeetingwould

beheld.

答案：it本句中，應(yīng)用it作形式賓語(yǔ)，"Whenandwherethemeetingwouldbeheld”

作真正的賓語(yǔ)。

II.單句寫(xiě)作

1.Itwasinabookstore(我買(mǎi)了那本朗文

詞典).

答案：thatIboughttheLongmanDictionary

2.Heaskedme(何時(shí)召開(kāi)運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì))?

答案：whenthesportsmeetingwouldbeheld

3.Youwon,tfindpaper-cuttingdifficultyoukeeppracticing

it.

只要你不斷練習(xí)，你就不會(huì)覺(jué)得剪紙很難。

答案：aslongas

4.

在新的形勢(shì)下，我們必須跟上時(shí)代前進(jìn)的步伐。(keepupwith)

答案：Underthenewcircumstances,wemustkeepupwiththetimes.

5._________________________________________________________________

他告訴我們說(shuō)，李華要?jiǎng)由砣ド虾?，我們第二天上午將在機(jī)場(chǎng)為他送行。

答案：HetoldusthatLiHuawasleavingforShanghaiandthatwewouldseehim

offattheairportthenextmorning.

m.語(yǔ)法填空

Chinaplanstocompletetheconstructionofaspacestationandhave]put

intooperationaround2022,saidZhouJianping,thechiefdesignerofChina,smanned

spaceprogram,ataforum(論壇)2(hold)insouthChina,sGuangdongProvince.

Thespacestation3(design)toweigh100tonsandaccommodatethreeastronauts,

4_couldbeenlargedifneeded,accordingtoZhou.

“ThemaingoaloftheconstructionofthespacestationistoenableChinato

becomeacountry5(independent)masteringthetechnologyforlong-termmanned

flightinnear-Earthspace,andhavingthecapabilitytocarryoutlong-termmanned

scientific6(experiment)innear-Earthspaceandcomprehensivedevelopment

andutilization(利用)ofspaceresources,“7(say)Zhouatthe4thChinaSummit

ForumonHumanFactorsEngineering,whichwasheldatSunYat-senUniversityfrom

SaturdaytoSunday.

ThespacestationwillbebuiltasChina,smainplatformforspacescience

research,8theintentionofmasteringthetechnologiesinconstructingand_9

(operate)largespacefacilities,thetechnologiesthatguaranteelifeandhealth

ofastronautswhooftenflyinorbit,andtheconstructionofa10(nation)space

lab,accordingtoZhou.

1.________2._____—3._____—4.

5.________6._____—7._____—8.

9.10.

篇章導(dǎo)讀：本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章講述了中國(guó)將在2022年實(shí)施的太空計(jì)劃。

1.it考查代詞。此處的it用來(lái)指代SPaCeStationo

2.held考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。forum和hold之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，此處用過(guò)去分詞作后置定

語(yǔ)。

3.isdesigned考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)。spaceStatiOn和design之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系。

此處是講述現(xiàn)階段的事情，所以用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。

4.which考查定語(yǔ)從句的引導(dǎo)詞。設(shè)空處引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句且在從句中充當(dāng)主語(yǔ)，先行詞

是Thespacestation,指物，故填WhiCho

5.independently考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。這里應(yīng)該用副詞independentIy來(lái)修飾現(xiàn)在分詞

masteringo

6.experiments考查名詞。experiment是可數(shù)名詞，這里要用復(fù)數(shù)表示泛指。

7.said考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)本句后面的WaSheld可知，此處應(yīng)該用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。

8.with考查介詞。此處With