2021年上海市高考英語名校卷沖刺匯編 語法填空 (教師版)

2021英語二考沖刺一語法填空專題名校匯編

學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo)：專題訓(xùn)練各名校語法填空，掌握語法填空常考點(diǎn)和難點(diǎn)以及解題技巧。

課堂測試：

1.12020-2021學(xué)年七寶中學(xué)高三上學(xué)期9月第一次月考卷】(★★★☆)

(A)

Anewstudyshowsthat(21)(good)yourshort-termmemory,thefasteryoufeelfed

upanddecideyou'vehadenough.ThefindingsappearintheJournalofConsumerResearch.

NoelleNelson,assistantprofessorofmarketingandconsumerbehaviorattheUniversityof

KansasSchoolofBusiness.SheandhercolleagueJosephReddenattheUniversityofMinnesota

triedtothinkoutsidethelunchbox."Somethingthatwasinterestingtomeisthatsomepeopleget

tiredofthings(22)verydifferentrates.Whenyouthinkaboutpopsongsontheradio,

somepeoplemuststillbeenjoyingthemandrequestingthemevenafterhearingthemalot.Buta

lotofotherpeoplearereallysickofthosesamesongs.^^Thedifference,theresearcherssupposed,

mighthavetodowithmemoriesofpastconsumption.

Theresearcherstestedthememorycapacityofundergraduates.Thestudentsthenvieweda

repeatingseriesofthreeclassicpaintings...likeTheStanyNight,AmericanGothic,andThe

Scretzw...orlistenedandre-listenedtoaseriesofthreepopsongs...orthreepiecesofclassicalmusic.

Throughoutthetest,theparticipantswereaskedtoratetheirexperienceonascaleofzerototen.

“Wefoundthatpeoplewithlargercapacitiesrememberedmoreaboutthemusicorart,whichledto

them(23)(get)tiredofthemusicorartmorequickly.Sorememberingmoredetails

actuallymadetheparticipantsfeellikethey'dexperiencedthemusicorartmoreoften."Thefindings

suggestthatmarketers(24)copewithourdesirefortheirproductsbyfiguringoutwaysto

distractusandkeepusfromfullyrememberingourexperiences.Wecouldalsotrick(25)

intoeatinglessjunkfoodbyrecallingtheexperienceofaprevioussnack.Asforkidseasilybored,

justtellthemtoforgetaboutit—itmighthelpthemhavemorefun.

Clearlyifwearetoparticipateinthesocietyinwhichwelive,wemustcommunicatewith

otherpeople.Agreatdealofcommunicatingisperformedonaperson-to-personbasisbythesimple

meansofspeech.Ifwetravelinbuses,buythingsinshops,oreatinrestaurants,wearelikelyto

haveconversations(26)wegiveinformationoropinions,receivenewsorcommentand

verylikelyhaveourviews(27)(challenge)byothermembersofsociety.

Face-tofacecontactisbynomeanstheonlyformofcommunicationandduringthelasttwo

hundredyearstheartofmasscommunication(28)(become)oneofthedominatingfactors

ofcurrentsociety.Twothings,aboveothers,havecausedtheenormousgrowthofthe

communicationindustry.Firstly,inventivenesshasledtoadvancesinprinting,telecommunications,

photography,radioandtelevision.Secondly,speedhasrevolutionizedthetransmissionand

receptionofcommunications(29)localnewsoftentakesabackseattonational

news,whichitselfisoftenalmosteclipsed(失去優(yōu)勢)byinternationalnews.

Nolongeristhepossessionofinformationrestrictedtoawealthyminority.Inthelastcentury

thewealthymanwithhisownlibrarywasindeedfortunate,buttodaytherearepubliclibraries.

Fortyyearsago,peopleusedtogotothecinema,butnowfarmorepeoplesitathomeandturnon

theTVtowatchaprogramthat(30).(channel)intomillionsofhomes.....

【答案】

21.thebetter22.at23.getting24.could/can25.ourselves26.where

27.challenged28.hasbecome29.sothat30isbeingchanneled

課堂精講：

2.【2020-2021學(xué)年建平中學(xué)高三下3月月考試卷】(★★★☆)

CruzGenet,11,andAnthonySkopick,10,couldn'tagree.Werethebirdsoutontheiceducksor

geese?Therewasonlyonewaytofindout.

SoonachillyJanuaryeveninglastyear,thetwofriendsventured(冒險)ontothefrozenpond

neartheirhomesinFrankfort,Illinois,(21)(get)abetterlook.Firsttheycastarockonto

theicetotestit,thentheysteppedonit.(22)(convince)theicewouldholdtheirweight,

Anthonytookafewsteps,then...FOOMP.Hecrashedthroughtheseeminglyfrozensurface.There

wasnosound,hejustfellinstantly.

Cruzrushedtohelphisterrifiedfriend.FOOMP——thepondswallowedhimtoo.Cruzmanaged

tolift(23)outofthefrozenwaterandontoamoresolidsection.Hethencautiouslyworked

hiswaytowardAnthony.Buttheice(24)(nothold),andhefellinagain.Thistime,he

couldn'tgetout.Theboyswereuptotheirnecksinicywaterandquicklylosingfeelingintheir

limbs.Therewasnotmuchchance(25)theycouldfreethemselvesfromthetrouble.Cruz

wassurehewasgoingtodie.

Anthony'soldersisterhadseentheboys(26)(fall)intothepondandstartedscreaming

forhelp.JohnLavin,aneighbordrivingnearbyonhiswaytothegrocerystore,heardher.Hequickly

pulledover.Seeingtheboys,hegrabbedanearbybuoy(浮標(biāo))，kickedoffhisshoes,andraninto

thewater,(27)(chop)hiswaythroughtheicewithfreefist.Lavinmadehisway(28)

CruzandAnthonyandpullthembacktoland.Theyweretakentothehospital,wheredoctors

discoveredthattheirfive-minutestayinthewater(29)(lower)theirbodytemperaturenearly

tendegrees.

Fortunately,theboyshavefullyrecovered,(30)theyarestillalittleawestruck(驚嘆的)

bytheirfearlessneighbor."Justtothink,“saysCruz,“Ifhehadn'tbeenthere,Iwouldhavedied.”

【答案】

21.toget22.Convinced23.himself24.didn'thold25.that

26.fall27.chopping28.to29.hadlowered30.though/although

3.【2020-2021學(xué)年上海市閔行區(qū)七寶中學(xué)高三英語上學(xué)期10月月考試卷】(★★★★☆)

Challengingworkthatrequireslotsofanalyticalthinking,planningandothermanagerial

skillsmighthelpyourbrainstaysharp(21)youage,astudypublishedWednesdayin

thejournalNeurologysuggests.

ResearchersfromtheUniversityofLeipziginGermanygatheredmorethan1,000retired

workerswhowereoverage75andhadthevolunteers,memoryandthinkingskills(22)

(assess)throughabatteryoftests.Then,foreightyears,thescientistsaskedthesamegrouptocome

backtothelabevery18months(23)

(take)thesamesortsoftests.

Thosewho(24)(hold)mentallystimulating,demandingjobsbeforeretirement

tendedtodothebestonthetests.Andtheytendedtolosecognitive(認(rèn)知)function(25)

amuchslowerratethanthosewiththeleastmentallychallengingjobs.Theresultsheldtrueeven

afterthescientistsaccountedfortheparticipants'overallhealthstatus.

“Thisworksjustlikephysicalexercise/5saysFranciscaThen,wholedthestudy,"Aftera

longrun,youmayfeellikeyou'reinpain,youmayfeeltired.Butitmakesyoufit.Afteralongday

atwork—sure,youwillfeeltired,(27)itcanhelpyourbrainstayhealthy."It'snot

justcorporatejobs,orevenpaidwork(26)

canhelpkeepyourbrainfit,Thenpointsout.Awaiter9sjob,forexample,(28)

(require)multitasking,teamworkanddecision-makingcouldbejustasstimulatingasanyhigh-

levelofficework.And“runningafamilyhouseholdrequireshigh-levelplanningandcoordinating

(協(xié)調(diào))Jshesays."You(29)organizethe

activitiesofthechildrenandtakecareofthebillsandgroceries.,,

Ofcourse,ourbrainscandeclineaswegrowolderforlotsofreasons—includingother

environmentalinfluencesorgeneticfactors.Still,continuingtochallenge(30)mentally

andkeepingyourmindbusycanonlyhelp.

【答案】

21.as22.assessed23.totake24.hadheld25.at26.that

27.but28.requiring29.haveto30,yourself

4.【2020?2021學(xué)年上海市徐匯區(qū)上海中學(xué)高三上學(xué)期10月周測卷】（★★★★☆）

Pre-crastination：TheOppositeofProcrastination

Procrastinationisaseriousbehavioralprobleminvolvingbothpracticaland

psychologicalimplicationsoTaxpayerscommonlyputoffgivingtheirannualreturns

(21)thelastminute,riskingmathematicalerrorsintheirfrenzytofile.Students

burnthemidnightoiltogettheirtermpapers(22)(submit)beforetheimpending

deadline，precludingproperpolishingandproofreading.Forthesereasons,we

(23)(caution)nottoprocrastinate.HewhohesitatesislostProcrastinationis

thethiefoftime

However,theoppositeofprocrastinationcanalsobeaseriousproblem-atendencywe

call"pre-crastination.^Pre-crastinationistheinclinationtocompletetasksquicklyjustfor

thesakeofgettingthingsdonesooner(24)later.Forinstance,peoplepay

billsassoonastheyarrive,thusfailingtocollectinterestincome.Familiarproverbsalso

warnofthehazardsofpre-crastination：Measuretwice,cutonce.Marryinhaste,repent

atleisure

Wefirstfoundstrikingevidenceofpre-crastinationinalaboratorystudyexploringthe

economicsofeffort.Collegestudentswereaskedtocarryoneofapairofbuckets：one

ontheleftsideofawalkwayandoneontherightsideofthesamewalkway.Thestudents

wereinstructedtocarry(25)bucketseemedeasiertotaketotheendofthe

walkway.Weexpectedstudentstochoosethebucketclosertotheendbecauseitwould

havetobecarriedashorterdistanceSurprisingly,theypreferredthebucketclosertothe

startingpoint,actuallycarryingit(26)(far).Whenaskedwhytheydidso,most

studentssaidsomethinglike,"Iwantedtogetthetaskdoneassoonaspossible.

(27)thischoicedidnotinfactcompletethetasksooner.

Nineexperimentsinvolvingmorethan250studentsfailedtorevealwhat(28)have

beensocompellingaboutpickingupthenearerbucket.Althoughsomehiddenbenefit

mayawaitdiscovery,asimplehypothesisisthatcomingcloserto(29)(get)

somethingdoneisinherentlyrewarding(30)trivialtheachievement,even

somethingasinconsequentialaspickingupabucketmayserveasitsownreward.

【答案】

21.until22.submitted23.arecautioned24.ratherthan25.whichever26.farther

27.eventhough28.might29.getting30.However

5.12020?2021學(xué)年上海市閔行區(qū)華二紫竹中學(xué)高三上學(xué)期英語期中試卷】(★★★★☆)

Howcanwehelpstudentsdobetteratschool?Maybeweshouldsubsidinggymmemberships

andmake-upfortheteacherswealreadyhave.(21),atleast,aretheimplicationsofanew

studyfromresearchersattheUniversityofNevada.Theydesignedasimpleexperimenttosee

whetheralecturer'sattractivenesshasanyimpacton(22)ofthelecturestudents

remember.

Hereishowtheexperimentwascarriedout.Atfirst,theresearchersconductedtheexperiment

(23)131collegestudentwereaskedtolistentoarecordingofa20-minuteintroductory

physicslecture.Allofthestudents,randomly(24)(assign)toamaleorfemalelecture,

readexactlythesametext.Whilethelecturewasplaying,acomputerscreendisplayedaphotoof

thelecturer-whowashighlyattractiveinsomecasesand(25)(eye-catching)inothers.

Takingnoteswasnotallowedinthecourse.

Afterthelecture,participantsgota25-questionquizonthelecture.Forthosewiththeattractive

instructor,theaveragescorewas18.27;forthosewithanordinaryone,theaveragewas16.68,

seeminglynothugegap(26)statisticallysignificant,theresearcherssaid.

Participantswereaskedtoevaluatethelecturersafter(27)(quiz).Sureenough,

studentsfoundtheattractiveinstructorsmoremotivational,easiertofollowand(28)

(possess)greaterhealth,intelligenceandcompetence.Theyalsogenerallyagreedonthe

attractivenessofthelecturers.

Sodothenewfindingsmeanthatschoolsshouldhirebetter-looking,teachers?R.Shane

Westfall,theleadauthorofthenewpaper,notesthat(29)theperformance

differencesinhisstudyamountedtoabouthalfofalettergrade,teachingtraining,experienceand

dedicationwouldprobablymakeabiggerdifference.Interestingly,earlierstudieshavefoundthat

good-lookingpeoplearemorelikelytogethiredinalmostanycontext-suggestingthatschoolsmay

(30)(hire)themoreattractiveteachers.

【答案】

21.those22.howmuch23.where24.assigned25.lesseye-catching26.But

27.beingquizzed

22.28.possessing29.evenif30.Havehired

課堂訓(xùn)練：

6.【2020-2021學(xué)年七寶中學(xué)高三下英語摸底考試】(★★★☆)

“Killthe"Murderthereferee!?,t4Tearthemapart!,?Thesearecommonremarksonemay

hearatvarioussportingevents.Atthetimethey(21)(make),theymayseeminnocent

enough.Butlet5snotkid(22).Theyhavebeenknowntoinfluencebehaviorinsuchaway

astoleadtorealbloodshed.Volumes(23)(write)aboutthewaywordsaffectus.Ithasbeen

shownthatwordshavingcertainconnotations(含義)(24)causeustoreactinwaysquite

foreigntowhatweconsidertobeourusualhumanisticbehavior.Iseetheterm“opponent”asone

ofthosewords.Perhapsthetimehascometodeleteitfromsportsterms.

Thedictionarymeaningoftheterm“opponenl"is"enemy”,onewhoopposesyourinterests.

Thus,(25)aplayermeetsanopponent,heorshemaytendtotreatthatopponentasan

enemy.Atsuchtimes,winningmaydominateone'sintellect,andeveryactionmaybeconsidered

justifiable.Irecallanincidentinahandballgamewhenarefereerefusedaplayer\request(26)

atimeoutforaglovechange.Theplayerscreamedinangerandthenstrucktherefereehard

ontheface.

Intheheatofbattle,playershavebeenobservedtothrowthemselvesacrossthecourtwithout

consideringtheconsequences(27)suchamovemighthavehurtanyone.Ihavealso

witnessedaplayerreactingtohisopponent\illegalblockingbydeliberatelyhittinghimwiththe

ballashardashecouldduringthecourseofplay.Offthecourt,theyaregoodfriends.Doesthat

makeanysense?Itcertainlygivesproofofacourtattitude(28)(depart)fromnormal

behavior.

Therefore,Ibelieveitistimeweelevatedthegametothelevel(29)itbelongs,inorder

tosetanexampletotherestofthesportingworld.Replacingtheterm“opponent"with“associate”

couldbeanidealwaytostart.

Thedictionarymeaningoftheterm“associate"is"colleague”;"friend"；“companion”.Reflect

upon(30)Ihavesaidforamoment!Youmaysoonseeandpossiblyfeelthedifferencein

yourreactiontotheterm“associate“ratherthan“opponent”.

【答案】

21.aremade22.ourselves23,havebeenwritten24.may25.when

26.for27.that28.departing29.where30.what

7.[2020-2021學(xué)年上海市楊浦區(qū)復(fù)旦大學(xué)附屬中學(xué)高三下學(xué)期英語3月月考試卷】(★★★

★)

Beingabletorepairadamagedhumanbrainwouldbenothingshortofgroundbreaking.Inthe

adulthumanbrain,neurons(神經(jīng)元)don'tjustgrow.Theyhavetobecoaxed.Sofar,alotof

research(21)(conduct)inmiceandmonkeys,includingonestudythattransformedglia一

oftencalledthesupportcellsofthebrain—intoneuronsandanotherthat(22)(involve)

transplantingimmaturebraincells.ButinanewpaperpublishedonTuesday,researchersmeasured

thenumberofcellsthatweredyingandthenumberofcellsbeingbornafterfishwerefrozenand

rewarmed.Specifically,theyfocusedontheanimal'stelencephalon,anareaofafishbrain(23)

(associate)withlearningandmemory.

Totest(24)actualimpactthecellsdyingandbeingrebornmighthave,thescientists

sentthefishthroughmazes(迷宮).(25)thefishmademorewrongturnsaftertheywere

frozen—aftertheircellsdied—theyeventuallygottothefood.Andtheywerejustas(26)

(good)atrelearningthemazeasfishwhohadneverdonethemazebeforebeingfrozen.

We'velongbeenconvincedthat,unless(27)(have)oxygen,anybraincellswilldie,

butfishbraincellsseemtodiebecausetheoxygeneventuallycomesback.Whyexactlythecells

dieisstillamystery.Thereareafewpossibleoptions,includingonepathway(28)is

basedonanenzyme(酶素)calledcaspase3.However,thoughtheyfoundthelevelsofthisenzyme

wereelevated,itdidn'tseemtotriggerthebraincells5death.Infact,researchersfoundthatwhile

braincellsweredying,newoneswerebeingborn.Thoughit'snotlikelythathumanbrainswould

beabletosurvive(29)oxygenforlongwithoutincurringsomeseriousdamage,the

researcherssaid,“itisfeasiblethatstudiesonanimals(30)thecruciancarp(鯽I

魚)canprovideknowledgeforhowwecanlimitandrepairthedamage.9,

【答案】

21-25hasbeenconducted;involved;associated;what;(Al)though/While

26-30good;having;which/that;without;suchas

8.12019?2020學(xué)年上海市長寧區(qū)延安中學(xué)高三上學(xué)期U月第一次階段測試卷】(★★★★)

Afterdaysofdestruction,Irma——thefirstCategory5hurricaneinFloridasince2004——has

dissipated(消散).The(21)(remove)millionsofFloridianshavebeenallowedtoreturn

home.However,thecleanupandrebuildingofthestateafter(22)(deadly)hurricanein

recentyearswilltakeweeks—maybeevenmonths.

Irma,(23)stretched650milesfromtheU.S.EastCoasttothewest,hasstruckatleast

ninestates—floodingcitystreets,knockingovertreesanddestroyinghomesalongtheway.The

FloridaKeys(弗羅里達(dá)群島)(24)(cut)offfromthemainlandfordaysafterIrmamade

landfallonthelow-lyingislandsonSeptember10,(25)(bring)130-mile-per-hourwinds

andastormsurgeof10feet.

U.S.PresidentDonaldTrumpvisitedFloridalastThursdaytoviewthedamage.Searchand

rescueteamshavebeenmovingthroughtheworstaffectedareaswithemergencysuppliesoffood

andwater.Florida'sDepartmentofTransportation(26)(work)torepairroadsthatwere

washedout.Stateofficialshavealsobeenworkingtorestoreservicesandmake(27)safer

forresidentstoreturn,butsayingmatthiswilltaketime.

ThedevastatinghurricaneknockedoutpowerformillionsofFloridians.(28)last

Tuesday,electricpowerhadbeenrestoredto2.3millionresidents,whichwas40percentofthose

affectedacrossthestate.However,someoftheresidentsaregoingtofacedayswithoutpowersince

powercompaniessaidtheircustomersonthestate'swestcoast(29)expectmostpowerto

berestoredbySeptember15th,whichwasoutofthequestion.

ThedeathtollfromIrmahasclimbedtoatleast31acrossthreestatesintheU.S.(30)

thelossofpower,thisnumbermightbeincreasing.Afterall,Floridaisastateknownforitshot

weather.Withoutthereliefofairconditioning,theheatposesaparticularthreattoFlorida'slarge

populationofelderlypeople,whoaremoresusceptibletoheat-relatedillnesses.

【答案】

21.removed22.themostdeadly23.which24.wascut25.bringing

26.hasbeenworking27.it28.By29.should3O.Dueto/Becauseof/Owingto

課堂小結(jié)及作業(yè):

語法填空考點(diǎn)概述

出題方式詞性考查考點(diǎn)分布備考之道

形容詞/副比較級準(zhǔn)確判斷考點(diǎn)，并且熟練掌握比較級、最高級

詞最高級變化規(guī)則和特殊情況

時態(tài)關(guān)注各個時態(tài)的用法和常見考點(diǎn)如完成時

設(shè)關(guān)鍵詞語態(tài)結(jié)合主語和動詞用法，合理判斷

動詞不定式

動名詞合理判斷非謂語類型；關(guān)注時態(tài)和語態(tài)

分詞

定冠詞，不定冠

冠詞準(zhǔn)確判斷語境是特指還是非特指

詞

當(dāng)空格后的名詞在句中不是作主語，表語或動

介詞搭配及其他

詞賓語時，選填介詞；注意積累常考介詞

人稱物主代詞

注意判斷句子結(jié)構(gòu)(尤其是所缺成分)以及語

代詞不定代詞

境的呼應(yīng)

反身單詞

不設(shè)

關(guān)鍵詞it形式主語、形式賓語、強(qiáng)調(diào)句、指代上文事物

情態(tài)動詞動詞的意義注意觀察語境中暗含的情感和態(tài)度

定語從句

名詞性從句熟練判斷各種復(fù)合句結(jié)構(gòu)，掌握連接詞的特定

連接詞

狀語從句用法

強(qiáng)調(diào)句

連詞并列句判斷上下句之間的邏輯關(guān)系

9.【2019-2020學(xué)年上海市長寧區(qū)延安中學(xué)高三上學(xué)期11月第二次階段測試卷】(★★★☆)

CarlyLindmeiersitsonthepatioofherfather'shouseinOrangecountyCalifornia.The20-

year-oldisfinishingupwoodenmonograms(字母圖案)(21)(send)tohercustomers.

Atfirstglance,youwouldn'tthinkthatLindmeierhasalife-threateningdisease.Likemany

youngpeopleinCalifornia,sheloveshangingoutatthebeachandwatchingTVshows.Sheattends

collegeandplanstobecomeaspeechpathologist(病理學(xué)家).

ButafterspendingsometimewithLindmeier,younoticethathervoicesoundsrough.Shewas

bornwithcysticfibrosis,adiseasethatdamagestheloungeandthedigestivesystem.

'Imagine(22)(have)tobreathethroughastraw/1LindmeiersaidJThat's(23)

itfeelsliketohavecysticfibrosis/

Whilethepresentmightbe(24)(exciting)timeinherlife,itcouldalsobefrightening.

Forcysticfibrosisvictims,deathinchildhoodorearlyadulthoodiscommon,withanaveragelife

expectancyof37.

"WhenIturned20,itwaskindoftoughtorealizethatIwasalreadymiddle-aged,"Lindmeier

said."Fiveyearsfromnow,it*llprobablybeworse.'1

(25)herillness,Lindmeierstayspositive.Lookingforaway

toraiseawarenessaboutthisdisease,Lindmeiercameupwiththeideaofsellingavarietyof

decorated,woodenmonograms,each(26)(dedicate)toafallencysticfibrosispatient.She

namedit65WoodenRoses.

Eachmonogramishand-madeandstartsat$24.99(158yuan),with20percentofincome

goingtotheCysticFibrosisFoundationintheUS.LaunchedinJuly,herbusiness(27)

(bring)attentiontothediseaseallovertheUSalready.

Meanwhile,Lindmeierhasapositiveoutlookonherownillness.InJulyanewtreatment,

Orkambi,wasreleased,making(28)possibletokeepthediseaseundercontrol.

It(29)helppatientstolivedecadeslonger.

(30)Lindmeierhastopay$6,000everyyearfortheexpensivedrug,sheplanstostart

takingit.Forher,it'sasmallpricetopayforanimprovedqualityoflifeandsheisdeterminednot

toletcysticfibrosisholdherback.

"IcouldjustbesadthatIhavecysticfibrosis,orIcoulddo