軌道交通專業(yè)詞匯

1/37軌道交通專業(yè)詞匯鐵路；鐵道railwayrailroad鐵路線railwayline;railroadline鐵路網(wǎng)railwaynetwork;railroadnetwork鐵道科學(xué)railwayscience鐵路技術(shù)railwaytechnology鐵路等級railwayclassification國有鐵路nationalrailway;staterailway地方鐵路localrailway;regionalrailway私有鐵路privaterailway合資鐵路jointinvestmentrailway;jointlyownedrailway標(biāo)準(zhǔn)軌鐵路standard-gagerailway窄軌鐵路narrow-gagerailway米軌鐵路meter-gagerailway寬軌鐵路broad-gagerailway單線鐵路singletrackrailway雙線鐵路doubletrackrailway多線鐵路multipletrackrailway重載鐵路heavyhaulrailway高速鐵路highspeedrailway電氣化鐵路；電力鐵路electrifiedrailway;electricrailway干線鐵路mainlinerailway;trunkrailway市郊鐵路suburbanrailway地下鐵道；地鐵subway;metro;undergroundrailway工業(yè)企業(yè)鐵路industryrailway礦山鐵路minerailway輕軌鐵路lightrailway;lightrail高架鐵路elevatedrailway單軌鐵路；獨(dú)軌鐵路monorail;monorailrailway磁浮鐵路magneticlevitationrailway;maglev森林鐵路forestrailway山區(qū)鐵路mountainrailway既有鐵路existingrailway新建鐵路newly-builtrailway改建鐵路reconstructedrailway運(yùn)營鐵路railwayinoperation;operation;operatingrailway專用鐵路specialpurposerailway干線trunkline;mainline支線branchline鐵路專用線railwayspecialline貨運(yùn)專線railwaylineforfreighttraffic;freightspecialline;freighttrafficonlyline客運(yùn)專線railwaylineforpassengertraffic;passengerspecialline;passengertrafficonlyline客貨運(yùn)混合鐵路railwaylineformixedpassengerandfreighttraffic鐵路運(yùn)營長度；運(yùn)營里程operationlengthofrailway;operatingdistance;revenuelength列車運(yùn)行圖traindiagram鐵路建筑長度constructionlengthofrailway區(qū)間section區(qū)段district軌距railgage;railgauge輪重wheelload軸重axleload最大軸重maximumallowableaxleload限制軸重axleloadlimited限界clearance;gauge限界圖clearancediagram鐵路建筑限界railwayconstructionclearance;structureclearanceforrailway;railwaystructiongauge基本建筑限界fundamentalconstructionclearance;fundamentalstructuregauge橋梁建筑限界bridgeconstructionclearance;bridgestructuregauge隧道建筑界限tunnelconstructionclearance;tunnelstructuregauge鐵路機(jī)車車輛限界rollingstockclearanceforrailway;vehiclegauge機(jī)車車輛上部限界clearancelimitforupperpartofrollingstock機(jī)車車輛下部限界clearancelimitforlowerpartofrollingstock裝載限界loadingclearancelimit;loadinggauge闊大貨物限界clearancelimitforfreightwithexceptionaldimension;clearancelimitforoversizecommodities接觸網(wǎng)限界clearancelimitforoverheadcontractwire;clearancelimitforoverheadcatenarysystem;overheadcatenarysystemgauge列車與線路相互作用track-traininteraction輪軌關(guān)系wheel-railrelation;wheel-railinteraction粘著系數(shù)adhesioncoefficient車輪滑行wheelsliding;wheelskid車輪空轉(zhuǎn)wheelslipping牽引種類kindsoftraction;categoryoftraction牽引方式modeoftraction牽引定數(shù)tonnagerating;tonnageoftraction裝載系數(shù)loadingcoefficient速度speed持續(xù)速度continuousspeed限制速度limitedspeed;speedrestriction均衡速度balancingspeed構(gòu)造速度constructionspeed;designspeed最高速度maximumspeed臨界速度criticalspeed重載列車heavyhaultrain高速列車highspeedtrain 超長超重列車exceptionallylongandheavytrain列車正面沖突traincollision列車尾追traintailcollision列車尾部防護(hù)trainrearendprotection伸縮運(yùn)動(dòng)foreandaftmotion蛇行運(yùn)動(dòng)hunting;nosing列車壓縮trainrunningin列車?yán)靦rainrunningout列車分離trainseparation列車顛覆trainoverturning列車動(dòng)力學(xué)traindynamics列車空氣動(dòng)力學(xué)trainacrodynamics機(jī)車車輛振動(dòng)vibrationofrollingstock縱向振動(dòng)longitudinalvibration橫向振動(dòng)lateralvibration垂向振動(dòng)verticalvibration擺滾振動(dòng)rock-rollvibration浮沉振動(dòng)bouncing;vibration測滾振動(dòng)rolling;vibration測擺振動(dòng)swaying;vibration點(diǎn)頭振動(dòng)pitching;nodding搖頭振動(dòng)yawing;hunting機(jī)車車輛共振resonanceofrollingstock機(jī)車車輛沖擊impactofrolling縱向沖擊longitudinalimpact橫向沖擊lateralimpact垂向沖擊verticalimpact貨運(yùn)站綜合作業(yè)自動(dòng)化automationofsyntheticoperationsatfreightstation行車指揮自動(dòng)化automationoftrafficcontrol編組場綜合作業(yè)自動(dòng)化automationofsyntheticoperationsinmarshallingyard鐵路運(yùn)營信息系統(tǒng)railwayoperationinformationsystem鐵路數(shù)據(jù)交換系統(tǒng)railwaydataexchangesystem運(yùn)營系統(tǒng)模擬simulationofoperationsystem鐵路法railwaylaw鐵道法規(guī)railwayact鐵路條例railwaycode鐵路技術(shù)管理規(guī)程regulationsofrailwaytechnicaloperation綜合運(yùn)輸comprehensivetransport;multi-modetransport;intermodetransport國際鐵路聯(lián)運(yùn)internationalrailwaythroughtraffic大陸橋；洲際鐵路transcontinentalrailway;intercontinentalrailway;land-railway國際聯(lián)運(yùn)協(xié)定agreementofinternationalthroughtraffic國際聯(lián)運(yùn)議定書protocolofinternationalthroughtraffic國際鐵路聯(lián)運(yùn)公約conventionofinternationalrailwaythroughtraffic鐵路新線建設(shè)newly-builtrailwayconstruction鐵路技術(shù)改造technicalreformofrailway;technicalrenovationofrailway;bettermentandimprovementofrailway鐵路主要技術(shù)條件maintechnicalstandardofrailway;maintechincalrequirementofrailway單位工程unitproject分部工程partproject分項(xiàng)工程itemproject預(yù)可行性研究pre-feasibilitystudy項(xiàng)目建議書proposedtaskofproject可行性研究feasibilitystudy設(shè)計(jì)階段designphase;designstage三階段設(shè)計(jì)three-stepdesign;three-phasedesign兩階段設(shè)計(jì)two-stepdesign;two-phasedesign一階段設(shè)計(jì)one-stepdesign;one-phasedesign初步設(shè)計(jì)preliminarydesign技術(shù)設(shè)計(jì)technicaldesign擴(kuò)大初步設(shè)計(jì)enlargedpreliminarydesign;expandedpreliminarydesign施工圖設(shè)計(jì)constructiondetaildesign;working-drawingdesign變更設(shè)計(jì)altereddesign設(shè)計(jì)概算apporximateestimateofdesign;budgetaryestimateofdesign個(gè)別概算individualapproximateestimate綜合概算comprehensiveapproximateestimate總概算sumofapproximateestimate;totalestimate;summaryestimate修正總概算amendedsumofapproximateestimate;revisedgeneralestimate調(diào)整總概算adjustedsumofapproximateestimate投資檢算checkingofinvestment預(yù)算定額ratingofbudget;ratingformforbudget概算定額ratingofapproximateestimate;ratingformforestimate投資估算investmentestimate估算指標(biāo)indexofestimate機(jī)械臺班定額ratingpermachineperteam;ratingpermachine-team工程直接費(fèi)directexpenseofproject;directcostofproject工程間接費(fèi)indirectexpenseofproject;indirectcostofproject工程預(yù)備費(fèi)reservefundofproject設(shè)計(jì)鑒定certificationofdesign;appraisalofdesign竣工決算finalaccountsofcompletedproject鐵路用地right-of-way鐵路勘測railwayreconnaissance調(diào)查測繪surveyanddrawingofinvestigation;investigationsurvey;investigationsurveyingandsketching地形調(diào)查topographicsurvey地貌調(diào)查topographicfeaturesurvey;geomorphologicsurvey地質(zhì)調(diào)查geologicsurvey經(jīng)濟(jì)調(diào)查economicinvestigation;economicsurvey水文地質(zhì)調(diào)查hydrogeologicsurvey土石成分調(diào)查surveyofsoilandrockcomposition土石物理力學(xué)性質(zhì)physicalandmechanicalpropertiesofsoilandrock土石分類classificaionofsoilandrock地基承載力bearingcapacityoffoundation;bearingcapacityofground;bearingofsubgrade隧道圍巖分級classificationoftunnelsurroundingrock地質(zhì)圖測繪surveyanddrawingofgeologicalmap;surveyingandsketchingofgeologicalmap勘探exploration;prospecting挖探excavationprospecting鉆探boring;explorationdrilling物探geophysicalprospecting室內(nèi)測試indoortest;laboratorytest原位測試insitutest靜力觸探staticsounding;staticprobing;conepenetrationtest動(dòng)力觸探試驗(yàn)dynamicpenetrationtest標(biāo)準(zhǔn)貫入試驗(yàn)standardpenetrationtest區(qū)域地質(zhì)regionalgeology工程地質(zhì)engineeringgeology不良地質(zhì)unfavorablegeology特殊地質(zhì)specialgeology工程地質(zhì)條件engineeringgeologic;requirement;engineeringgeologiccondition氣象資料meteorologicaldata凍結(jié)深度freezingdepth地震基本烈度basicintensityofearthquake;seismicbasicintensity工程地質(zhì)圖engineeringgeologicalmap地層柱狀圖columndiagramofstratum;graphiclogsofstrata;drilllogofstratum洪水調(diào)查floodsurvey河道調(diào)查rivercoursesurvey冰凌調(diào)查icefloesurvey;frazilicesurvey匯水區(qū)流域特征調(diào)查surveyofcatchmentbasincharacteristics水文斷面hydrologicsectionaldrawing;dydrologicsection;hydrologiccross-section主河槽mainriverchannel設(shè)計(jì)流速designcurrentvelocity設(shè)計(jì)高程；設(shè)計(jì)標(biāo)高designelevation河流比降slopeofriver;comparablehorizonofriver歷史洪水位historicfloodlevel最高水位highestwaterlevel;HWL通航水位navigationwaterlevel;NWL橋涵水文hydrologyofbridgeandculvert水利半徑hydraulicradius橋前壅水高度backwaterheightinfrontofbridge;topwaterlevelinfrontofbridge橋渡勘測設(shè)計(jì)surveyanddesignofbridgecrossing水面坡度slopeofwatersurface水文測量hydrologicalsurvey泥石流流域catchmentbasinofdebrisflow分水嶺watershed;dividingridge匯水面積catchmentarea;watercollectingarea;drainagearea洪水頻率floodfrequency設(shè)計(jì)流量designdischarge設(shè)計(jì)水位designwaterlevel施工水位constructionlevel;constructionwaterlevel;workingwaterlevel設(shè)計(jì)洪水過程線designedfloodhydrograph容許沖刷allowablescour一般沖刷generalscour局部沖刷localscour;partialscour鐵路測量railwaysurvey線路踏勘；草測routereconnaissance初測preliminarysurvey定測locationsurvey;alignment;finallocationsurvey導(dǎo)線測量traversing;traversesurvey光電導(dǎo)線photoelectrictraverse地形測量topographicalsurvey橫斷面測量crossleveling;cross-sectionsurvey;cross-sectionleveling線路測量routesurvey;profilesurvey;longitudinalsurvey既有線測量；舊線測量surveyofexistingrailway線路復(fù)測repetitionsurveyofexistingrailway;resurveyofexistingrailway測量精度surveyprecision;precisionofsurvey均方差；中誤差meansquareerror最大誤差；極限誤差maximumerror;limitingerror中線測量centerlinesurvey中線樁centerlinestake加樁additionalstake;plusstake外移樁shiftoutstake;stakeoutward;offsetstake水準(zhǔn)點(diǎn)高程測量benchmarkleveling中樁高程測量；中平centerstakeleveling曲線控制點(diǎn)curvecontrolpoint放線setting-outofroute;layoutofroute交點(diǎn)intersectionpoint副交點(diǎn)auxiliaryintersectionpoint轉(zhuǎn)向角deflectionangle分轉(zhuǎn)向角auxiliarydeflectionangle坐標(biāo)方位角plane-coordinateazimuth象限角quadrantalangle經(jīng)緯距planerectangularcoordinate斷鏈brokenchain投影斷鏈projectionofbrokenchain斷高brokenheight鐵路航空攝影測量；鐵路航測railwayaerialphotogrammetry鐵路航空勘測railwayaerialsurveying航帶設(shè)計(jì)flightstripdesign;designofflightstrip鐵路工程地質(zhì)遙感remotesensingofrailwayengineeringgeology測段segmentofsurvey航測選線aerialsurveyingalignment航測外控點(diǎn)fieldcontrolpointofaerophotogrammetry全球定位系統(tǒng)globalpositioningsystem;GPS像片索引圖indexofphotography三角測量trigonometricsurvey;triangulation精密導(dǎo)線測量precisetraversesurvey;accuratetraversesurvey三角高程測量trigonometricleveling隧道洞外控制測量ousidetunnelcontrolsurvey隧道洞內(nèi)控制測量intunnelcontrolsurvey;throughsurvey隧道洞口投點(diǎn)horizontalpointoftunnelportal;geodeticcontrolpointofportallocationofadit橋軸線測量surveyofbridgeaxis鐵路選線railwaylocation;approximaterailwaylocation;locationofrailwayrouteselection平原地區(qū)選線locationinplainregion;plainlocation越嶺選線locationofmountainline;locationoflineinmountainregion;locationovermountain山區(qū)河谷選線mountainandvalleyregionlocation;locationoflineofinmountainandvalleyregion丘陵地段選線hillylandlocation;locationoflineonhillyland工程地質(zhì)選線engineeringgeoligiclocationofline線間距distancebetweencentersoftracks;midwaybetweentracks車站分布distributionofstations方案比選schemecomparison;routealternative投資回收期repaymentperiodofcapitalcost紙上定線paperlocationofline緩坡地段sectionofeasygrade;sectionofgentleslope緊坡地段sectionofsufficientgrade非緊坡地段sectionofunsufficientgrade;sectionfoinsufficientgrade導(dǎo)向線leadingline;alignmentguidingline拔起高度；克服高度heightoflifting;liftingheight;ascentofelevation橫斷面選線cross-sectionmethodofrailwaylocation;locationwithcross-sectionmethod;cross-sectionmethodforlocationofline展線extensionofline;developmentofline;linedevelopment展線系數(shù)coefficientofextensionline;coefficientofdevelopmentline套線overlappingline線路平面圖trackplan;lineplan線路縱斷面圖trackprofile;lineprofile站坪長度lengthofstationsite站坪坡度gradeofstationsite控制區(qū)間controlsection;controllingsection最小曲線半徑minimumradiusofcurve圓曲線circularcurve單曲線simplecurve緩和曲線transitioncurve;easementcurve;spiraltransitioncurve緩和曲線半截變更率rateofeasementcurvature;rateoftransitioncurve復(fù)曲線compoundcurve同向曲線curvesofsamesense;adjacentcurvesinonedirection反向曲線reversecurve;curveofoppositesense夾直線intermediatestraightline;tangentbetweencurves坡度grade;gradient;slope人字坡doublespurgrade限制坡度rulinggrade;limitinggrade加力牽引坡度pushergrade;assistinggrade最大坡度maximumgrade臨界坡度criticalgrade長大坡度longsteepgrade;longheavygrade動(dòng)力坡度momentumgrade均衡坡度balancedgrade有害地段harmfuldistrict無害地段harmlessdistrict變坡點(diǎn)pointofgradientchange;breakeingrade坡段gradesection坡段長度lengthofgradesection坡度差algebraicdifferencebetweenadjacentgradients豎曲線verticalcurve分坡平段levelstretchbetweenoppositesigngradient緩和坡度slightgrade;flatgrade;easygrade起動(dòng)緩坡flatgradientforstarting加速緩坡easygradientforacceleration;acceleratinggrade坡度折減compensationofgradient;gradientcompensation;gradecompensation曲線折減compensationofcurve;curvecompesation隧道坡度折減compensationofgradientintunnel;compensationgradeintunnel繞行地段detouringsection;roundsection換側(cè)；換邊changesideofdoubleline容許應(yīng)力設(shè)計(jì)法allowablestressdesignmethod破損階段設(shè)計(jì)法plasticstagedesignmethod極限狀態(tài)設(shè)計(jì)法limitstatedesignmethod概率極限狀態(tài)設(shè)計(jì)法；可靠度設(shè)計(jì)法probabilisaticlimitstatedesignmethod地震系數(shù)法seismiccoefficientmethod路基subgrade;roadbed;formationsubgrade巖石路基rocksubgrade滲水土路基permeablesoilsubgrade;perviousembankment非滲水土路基non-permeablesoilsubgrade;imperviousembankment特殊土路基subgradeofspecialsoil軟土地區(qū)路基subgradeinsoftsoilzone;subgradeinsoft;clayregion泥沼地區(qū)路基subgradeinbogzone;subgradeinmorassregion;subgradeinswampland膨脹土地區(qū)路基；裂土地區(qū)路基subgradeinswellingsoilzone;subgradeinexpansivesoilregion鹽漬土地區(qū)路基subgradeinsaltysoilzone;subgradeinsalinesoilregion多年凍土路基subgradeinpermafrostsoilzone特殊條件下的路基subgradeunderspecialcondition河灘路堤embankmentonplainriverbeach濱河路堤embankmentonriverbank水庫路基subgradeinreservoir;embankmentcrossingreservoir崩塌地段路基subgradeinrockfalldistrict;subgradeincollapsezone巖堆地段路基subgradeinrockdepositzone;subgradeintaluszone;subgradeinscreezone滑坡地段路基subgradeinslide巖溶地段路基；喀斯特地段路基subgradeinkarstzone洞穴地段路基subgradeincavityzone;subgradeincavernzone風(fēng)沙地段路基subgradeinwindyandsandyzone;subgradeindesert雪害地段路基subgradeinsnowdamagezone;subgradeinsnowdisasterzone泥石流地段路基subgradeindebrisflowzone路基橫斷面subgradecross-section路基面subgradesurface;formation路基面寬度widthofthesubgradesurface;formationwidth路拱roadcrown;subgradecrown路肩Roadshoulder;subgradeshoulder路肩高程formationlevel;shoulderlevel路堤embankment;fill路塹cut;road;cutting半堤半塹part-cutandpart-fillsection;cutandfillsection基床subgradebed;formation基床表層surfacelayerofsubgradebed;formationtoplayer;surfacelayerofsubgrade基床表層bottomlayerofsubgrade;formationbaselayer;bottomlayerofsubgradebed一般路基generalsubgrade;ordinarysubgrade最小填筑高度minimumfillheightofsubgrade;minimumheightoffill臨界高度criticalheight基底foundationbase;base路堤邊坡sideslopeofembankment;fillslopetalus坡腳toeofsideslope護(hù)道berm取土坑borrowpit路堤填料embankmentfillmaterial;embankmentfiller;fillingmaterialofembankment填料分類classificationoffillingmaterial巖塊填料rockblockfiller;rockfiller;rockfill粗粒土填料coarse-grainedsoilfiller;coarse-grainedsoilfill細(xì)粒土填料fine-grainedsoilfiller;fine-grainedsoilfill壓實(shí)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)compactingcriteria相對密度relativedensity壓實(shí)系數(shù)compactingfactor;compactingcoefficient最佳含水量optimummoisturecontent;bestmoisturecontent最佳密度optimumdensity;bestdensity核子密度濕度測定determinationofnucleardensity-moisture路基承載板測定determinationofbearingslabofsubgrade預(yù)留沉落量reservesettlement;settlementallowance反壓護(hù)道bermwithsuperloading;bermforbackpressure;counterswellingberm石灰砂樁limesandpile換土changesoil;soilreplacement爆破排淤blastingdischargingsedimentation;siltarrestingbyexplosion;dischargeofsedimentationbyblasting拋石擠淤throwingstonestopackingsedimentation;packingsedimentationbythrowingstones;packingupsedimentationbydumpingstones路塹石方爆破rockcuttingblasting;rockblastingincut定向爆破directionalblasting淺孔爆破shallowholeblasting深孔爆破deepholeblasting洞室藥包爆破chamberexplosivepackageblasting;chamherblasting揚(yáng)棄爆破abandonedblasting;abandonmentblasting拋擲爆破pin-pointblasting松動(dòng)爆破blastingforlooseningrock藥壺爆破potholeblasting裸露腰包爆破adobeblasting;contactblasting路塹邊坡cuttingslope;sideslopeofcut塹頂topofcuttingslope;topofcutting路塹平臺platformofcutting;bermincutting棄土堆wastebank;bankette;spoilbank擋土墻retainingwall重力式擋土墻gravityretainingwall衡重式擋土墻balanceweightretainingwall;gravityretainingwallwithrelievingplatform;balancedtyperetainingwall錨定板擋土墻anchoredretainingwallbytierods;anchoredbulkheadretainingwall;anchoredplateretainingwall加筋土擋土墻reinforcedearthretainingwall;reinforcedsoilretainingwall錨桿擋墻anchoredboltretainingwall;anchoragedretainingwallbytierods管柱擋墻cylindricalshaftretainingwall沉井擋墻caissonretainingwall抗滑樁anti-slidepile;counter-slidingpile護(hù)墻guardwall護(hù)坡slopeprotection;revertment;pitching排水溝weepdrain;drainageditch;drainditch邊溝；側(cè)溝sideditch天溝gutter;overheadditch;interceptingditch吊溝suspendedditch跌水hydraulicdrop截水溝interceptingditch;catch-drain急流槽chute排水槽drainagechannel滲水暗溝blinddrain滲水隧洞leaktunnel;permeabletunnel;drainagetunnel滲井leachingwell;seepagewell滲管leakypipe平孔排水horizontalholedrainage反濾層reversefiltrationlayer;invertedfilter;protectivefilter檢查井inspectionwell;manhole砂井；排水砂井sanddrain隔斷層insulatingcourse;insulatinglayer透水路堤perviousembankment;permeableembankment滲水路堤immerseableembankment排水砂墊層sandfilleddrainagelayer;drainagesandblanker坡面防護(hù)slopeprotection護(hù)岸revetment;shoreprotection導(dǎo)流堤diversiondike攔石墻stonecutoffwall;stonefallingwall;buttree落石槽stonefallingchannel;troughforcatchingfallingrocks柴排firewoodraft;mattress;willowfascine固沙造林stabilizationforsandsbyafforestation擋風(fēng)墻wind-breakwall防風(fēng)柵欄windbreakfence砂土液化sandliquefaction中-活載CR-liveloading;Chinarailwaystandardloading橋梁標(biāo)準(zhǔn)活載standardliveloadforbridge橋梁荷載譜bridgeloadspectrum換算均布活載equivalentuniformliveload設(shè)計(jì)荷載designload主力principalload恒載deadload土壓力earthload靜水壓力hydrostaticpressure浮力buoyancy列車活載liveloadoftrain列車離心力centrifugalforceoftrain列車沖擊力；沖擊荷載impactforceoftrain沖擊系數(shù)ceofficientofimpact人行道荷載sidewalkloading附加力subsidiaryload;secondaryload列車制動(dòng)力brakingforceoftrain列車牽引力tractiveforceoftrain風(fēng)荷載windload列車橫向搖擺力lateralswayingforceoftrain流水壓力pressureofwaterflow冰壓力icepressure凍脹力frostheavingforce特殊荷載particularload船只或排筏的撞擊力collisionforceofshiporraft地震力seismicforce地震烈度earthquakeintensity地震震級earthquakemagnitude施工荷載constructionalloading荷載組合loadingconbination鐵路橋railwaybridge公鐵兩用橋combinedbridge;combinedhighwayandrailwaybridge;combinedrail-cum-roadbridge跨線橋；立交橋overpassbridge;gradeseparationbridge;flyover高架橋viaduct旱橋drybridge人行橋footbridge;pedestrianbridge圬工橋masonrybridge鋼橋steelbridge鉚接鋼橋rivetedsteelbridge栓焊鋼橋boltedandweldedsteelbridge全焊鋼橋allweldedsteelbridge摩擦結(jié)合式高強(qiáng)度螺栓highstrengthfrictiongripbolt扭剪式高強(qiáng)度螺栓torsheartypehighstrengthblot螺栓示功扳手boltwrenchwithindicator混凝土橋concretebridge鋼筋混凝土橋reinforcedconcretebridge預(yù)應(yīng)力混凝土橋prestressedconcretebridge先張法預(yù)應(yīng)力梁pretensionedprestressedconcretegirder后張法預(yù)應(yīng)力梁post-tensionedprestressedconcretegirder部分預(yù)應(yīng)力混凝土橋partiallyprestressedconcretebridge結(jié)合梁橋compositebeambridge低高度梁shallowgirder無碴無枕梁girderwithoutballastandsleeper型鋼混凝土梁；勁性骨架混凝土梁girderwithrolledsteelsectionencasedinconcrete;skeletonreinforcedconcretegirder簡支梁橋simplysupportedbeambridge連續(xù)梁橋continuousbeambridge懸臂梁橋cantileverbeambridge板橋slabbridge空心板橋hollowslabbridge板梁plategirder工形梁I-beam箱形梁boxgirder槽形梁troughgirder桁架truss拆裝式桁架demountabletruss剛架橋；剛構(gòu)橋rigidframebridge斜腿剛架橋；斜腿剛構(gòu)橋struttedbeambridge;slant-leggedrigidframebridge懸板橋；懸?guī)騭tressedribbonbridge懸索橋；吊橋suspensionbridge斜拉橋cable-stayedbridge浮橋pontoonbridge;floatingbridge;bateaubridge拱橋archbridge固端拱；無鉸拱fixed-endarch雙鉸拱two-hingedarch三鉸拱three-hingedarch實(shí)腹拱spandrel-filledarch;solid-spandrelarch空腹拱open-spandrelarch雙曲拱two-waycurvedarch;cross-curvedarch系桿拱；柔性系桿剛性拱tiedarch榔格爾式橋；剛性系桿柔性拱橋Langerbridge;flexiblearchbridgewithrigidtie洛澤式橋；直懸桿式剛性拱剛性梁橋Lohsebridge;rigidarchbridgewithrigidtieandverticalsespenders尼爾森橋Nielsensystenbridge尼爾森式駱澤梁橋；斜懸桿式剛性拱梁橋NielsentypeLhsebridge；rigidarchbridgewithfighdtieandinclinedsuspenders活動(dòng)橋movablebridge豎旋橋basculebridge平旋橋swingbridge升降橋liftbridge正交橋rightbridge斜交橋skewbridge曲線橋curvedbridge曲梁curvedbeam特大橋supermaiorbridge大橋majorbridge中橋mediumbridge小橋minorbridge單線橋singletrackbridge雙線橋doubletrackbridge多線橋multi-trackbridge正橋;主橋mainbridge引橋approachspans上承式橋deckbridge半穿式橋；中承式halfthroughbridge;midheightdeckbridge下承式橋throughbridge雙層橋double-deckbridge永久性橋permanentbridge臨時(shí)性橋；便橋temporarybridge跨徑；跨度span凈跨clearspam橋梁全長overalllengthofbridge橋下凈空underneathclearance主梁中心距centertocenterdistancebetweenmaingirder節(jié)間長度panellength梁高depthofgirder拱度camber撓度deflection節(jié)間panel錨跨；錨孔anchorspan懸跨；吊孔suspendedspan橋梁上部結(jié)構(gòu)superstructure腹板webplate翼緣flange翼緣板flangeplate弦桿chordmember腹桿webmember斜桿diagonalmember豎桿verticalmember吊桿suspenderhanger加勁桿stiffener節(jié)點(diǎn)panelpoint節(jié)點(diǎn)板gussetplate拼接板spliceplate綴條lacingbar綴板stayplate;tieplate側(cè)向水平聯(lián)結(jié)系lateralbracing橫聯(lián)swaybracing制動(dòng)撐架brakingbracing橋門架portalframe縱梁stringer橫梁floorbeam;transversebeam橋面系floorsystem端橫梁endfloorbeam起重橫梁jackingfloorbeam梁端緩沖梁auxiliarygirderforcontrollinganglechange應(yīng)變時(shí)效strainageing碳當(dāng)量carbonequivalent鋼絲steelwire鋼絲束bundledsteelwires鋼絞線steelstrand鋼筋reinforcement;steelbar箍筋stirrup縱向鋼筋longitudinalreinforcement彎起鋼筋bent-upbar架立鋼筋erectionbar構(gòu)造鋼筋constructionalreinforcement預(yù)應(yīng)力筋tendon套管sheath梁腋haunch拱圈archring拱肋archrib拱頂rachcrown拱矢riseofarch起拱點(diǎn)springing拱腹soffit拱腹線intrados拱背錢extrados橋塔bridgetower;pylon索平面cableplane纜索cable斜纜staycable;inclinedcable吊纜suspensioncable索鞍cablesaddle索夾cableband;cableclamp錨座socket錨碇anchorage明橋面opendeck;ballastlessdeck;openfloor橋梁道碴槽ballasttrough道碴橋面ballasteddeck;ballastedfloor橋梁護(hù)軌guardrallofbridge橋梁護(hù)木guardtimberofbridge橋枕bridgetie;bridgesleeper橋上人行道sidewalkonbridge步行板footplank避車臺refugeplatform伸縮縫expansionjoint正交異性板orthotropicplate欄桿railing;handrail;handrailing瀉水孔drainageopening直結(jié)軌道trackfasteneddirectlytosteelgirders抗剪連接件；抗剪結(jié)合件shearconnector支座bearing固定支座fixedbearing活動(dòng)支座expensionbearing;movablebearing平板支座platebearing搖軸芝座rockerbearing滾軸支座rollerbearing球面支座sphericalbearing板式橡膠支座laminatedrubberbearing盆式橡膠支座potrubberbearing聚四氯乙烯支座poly-tetrafluoroedthylenebearing;PTFEbearing渦流激振wortex-excitedoscillation弛振galloping顫振flutter擾流板spoiler風(fēng)嘴windfairing橋梁自振周期naturalvibrationperiodofbridge浮運(yùn)架橋法bridgeerectionbyfloating架橋機(jī)架設(shè)法erectionbybridgegirdererectingequipment頂推式架設(shè)法erectionbyincrementallaunching拖拉架設(shè)法launchingmethod贗架式架設(shè)法erectionwithscaffolding懸臂架設(shè)法catilevererection;erectionbyprotrusion懸臂灌注法cast-in-placecantileverconstruction；freecantileversegmentalconcretingwithsuspendedformwork懸臂拼裝法cantileveredassemblingconstrution;freecantilevererectionwithsegmentsofprecastconcrete預(yù)制混凝土構(gòu)件precastconcreteunits;precastconcretemembers活動(dòng)模架逐跨施工法segmentalspan-by-spanconstructionusingformtraveller橋梁合龍closure就地貫注法cast-in-placemethod;cast-in-situmethod活動(dòng)吊籃travellingcradle頂進(jìn)法jack-inmethod旋轉(zhuǎn)法施工；轉(zhuǎn)體施工erectionbyswingmethod液壓式張拉千斤頂hydraulictensioningjack橋梁下部結(jié)構(gòu)substructure橋臺abutment重力式橋臺gravityabutment埋置式橋臺buriedabutment錨定板式橋臺anchorslababutmentU形橋臺U-shapedabutment耳墻式橋臺abutmentwithcantileveredretainingwall臺身abutmentbody前墻frontwall臺帽abutmentcoping翼墻wingwall錐體護(hù)坡quadrantrevetment;truncatedconebanking臺后填方fillingbehindabutment橋墩pier空心橋墩hollowpier實(shí)體橋墩solidpier重力式橋墩gravitypier柔性橋墩flexiblepier拼裝式橋墩assemblypier;pierconstructedwithprecastunits制動(dòng)墩brakingpier柱式橋墩columnpierV形橋墩V-shapedpier圓端形橋墩round-endedpier圓形橋墩circularpier矩形橋墩rectangularpier排架式橋墩pilebentpier墩身pierbody;piershaft墩帽piercoping圍欄railingaroundcopingofpierorabutment承臺bearingplatform破冰體iceapron;ice-breakingcutwater;iceguard地基foundation;foundationsoil;subgrade加固地基improvedfoundation;improvedground天然地基naturalfoundation;naturalground橋梁基礎(chǔ)bridgefoundation擴(kuò)大基礎(chǔ)spreadfoundation明挖基礎(chǔ)open-cutfoundation;openexcavationfoundation沉井基礎(chǔ)opencaissonfoundation浮式沉井基礎(chǔ)floatingcaissonfoundation沉井刃腳cuttingedgeofopencaisson圍堰cofferdam雙壁鋼圍堰鉆孔基礎(chǔ)doublewallsteelcofferdamboredfoundation預(yù)制鋼殼鉆孔基礎(chǔ)prefabricatedsteelshellboredfoundation泥漿套沉井法slurryjacketmethodforsinkingcaisson空氣幕沉井法aircurtainmethodforsinkingcaisson沉箱基礎(chǔ)pneumaticcaissonfoundation管柱基礎(chǔ)tubularcolumnfoundation樁基礎(chǔ)pilefoundation預(yù)制樁precastpile就地灌注樁cast-in-placeconcretepile;cast-in-situconcretepile螺旋噴射樁augerinjectedpile摩擦樁frictionpile支承樁bearingpile鉆孔樁boredpile挖孔樁dugpile鋼樁steelpile鋼管樁steelpipepile鋼板樁steelsheetpile板樁sheetpile木樁timberpile鋼筋混凝土樁reinforcedconcretepile砂樁sandpile擠密砂樁sandcompactionpile流砂quicksand;driftsand送樁pilefollower試樁testpile斜樁batterpile;rakingpile;spurpile護(hù)筒pilecasting重錘夯實(shí)法heavytampingmethod灰土換填夯實(shí)法methodoflime-soilreplacementandtamping灌注水下混凝土underwaterconcreting;concretingwithtremiemethod導(dǎo)流建筑物regulatingstructure丁壩；挑水壩spurdike順壩longitudinaldam河床鋪砌riverbedpaving碼頭wharf排架bent腳手架scaffold懸空腳手架hangingstage;hangingscaffold鐵路涵洞railwayculvert涵洞孔徑apertureofculvert管涵pipeculvert箱涵boxculvert拱涵archculvert蓋板涵slabculvert無壓力涵洞inletunsubmergedculvert壓力式涵洞outletsubmergedculvert半壓力式涵洞inletsubmergedculvert明渠openchannel;openditch;opendrain倒虹吸管invertedsiphon潮汐河流tidalriver淤積silting;siltation流冰icedrift鐵路輪渡railwaycarferries輪渡站ferrystation輪渡棧橋ferrytrestlebridge渡輪ferryboat輪渡引線；輪渡斜引道ferryslip鐵路隧道railwaytunnel山嶺隧道m(xù)ountaintunnel越嶺隧道overmountainlinetunnel水下隧道；水地隧道subaqueoustunnel;underwatertunnel地鐵隧道subwaytunnel;undergroundrailwaytunnel淺埋隧道shallowtunnel;shallow-depthtunnel;shallowburyingtunnel深埋隧道deeptunnel;deep-depthtunnel;deepburyingtunnel單線隧道singletracktunnel雙線隧道doubletracktunnel多線隧道m(xù)ultipletracktunnel車站隧道stationtunnel地鐵車站subwaystation;metrostation特長隧道superlongtunnel長隧道longtunnel中長隧道m(xù)ediumtunnel短隧道shorttunnel隧道群tunnelgroup地鐵工程subwayengineering;metroengineering洞口tunneladit;tunnelopening隧道進(jìn)口tunnelentrance隧道出口tunnelexit迎坡；正面坡frontslope洞門tunnelportal洞門框tunnelportalframe端墻式洞門endwalltunnelportal柱式洞門posttunnelportal翼墻式洞門wingwalltunnelportal耳墻式洞門earwalltunnelportal臺階式洞門benchtunnelportal正洞門orthonormaltunnelportal;straighttunnelportal斜洞門skewtunnelportal明洞門open-cut-tunnelportal;galleryportal襯砌lining拱圈arch邊墻sidewall仰拱invert;invertedarch底板floor整體式襯砌integrallining裝配式襯砌precastlining;prefabricatedlining模筑襯砌mouldedlining洞口段襯砌liningoftunnelportalsection偏壓襯砌unsymmetricallyloadinglining;eccentricallycompressedlining組合襯砌；復(fù)合襯砌compositelining初期支護(hù)primarysupport二次襯砌secondarylining隔離層isolationlayer噴錨襯砌shorcreteboltlining下錨段襯砌；接觸網(wǎng)錨段襯砌anchor-sectionlining擠壓混凝土襯砌