2023-2024學(xué)年廣東省佛山市南海區(qū)高三年級(jí)上冊(cè)開(kāi)學(xué)摸底測(cè)試英語(yǔ)試題（解析版）

南海區(qū)2024屆高三摸底測(cè)試

英語(yǔ)試題

本試卷共12頁(yè)，滿(mǎn)分130分，考試用時(shí)135分鐘。

注意事項(xiàng)：

1.答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)等信息填寫(xiě)在答題卡上。

2.回答選擇題時(shí)，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑。如需改動(dòng)，

用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號(hào)。回答非選擇題時(shí)，將答案寫(xiě)在答題卡上，寫(xiě)在本試

卷上無(wú)效。

第一部分聽(tīng)說(shuō)考試（20分，另行安排）

第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿(mǎn)分40分）

第一節(jié)（共15小題;每小題2分，滿(mǎn)分30分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四

個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。

A

Fewwomenwouldconsiderapairofscissorstobedailyessentialthattheyneedtohaveintheirpurses.Butfor

ShiQinling,whoiscurrentlyworkingattheFenglincommunityculturalcenterinShanghai,thistoolhasbeenwith

hereverywhereshegoesforthepastdecade-notasameansofself-protectionbutartisticexpression.

"Taper-cuttingisnotaboutcuttingrandompatternsfrompaper.Writerstellstoriesusingwords.Idothesame,

butwithapairofscissors,9,Shisaid.

Shidevelopedaninterestincraft（工藝）whenshewasachild.Thisinterestlaterdevelopedintoapassion,one

thatshedecidedtopursuebymajoringinartsandcraftsdesignduringhertimeinuniversity.Aftergraduation,

however,shefoundherselfworkingatashipdesigncompanyasshewasunsureaboutwhatshewantedtodowithher

future.Aboutayearlater,theShanghaiArtsandCraftsResearchInstituteofferedherapositionintheirpaper-cutting

department.Realizingthatshestillhadaloveforthecraft,shemadethecareerswitch.

In2010,Shistartedlearningpaper-cuttingfromXiXiaoqin,apaper-cuttingexpert.Threeyearslater,oneofher

works,TheFightingFish,wonthirdplaceatthe

BaihuaCup,acompetitionforChineseartsandcrafts.Overthepastdecade,Shi'sworkshavebeenexhibitedin

23exhibitions.

AlthoughShiisalreadysoskilledinthecraftthatshecancreateananimalpatternin10minuteswithouteven

havingtodrawtheoutlines,shecontinuestoimproveherskillseveryday.Thereasonisthatsheviewspaper-cutting

asnotjustanartform,butalsoaformoflearningabouttraditionalChineseculture.Shethinksshehasthe

responsibilitytoattractpeoplefromdifferentagegroupsanddifferentfieldstotrypaper-cutting.

1.WhydoesShiQinlingalwayscarryapairofscissorswithher?

A.Tofixthingsonthego.

B.Toshowoffhercreativity.

C.Tomakepapercutsanytime.

D.Toprotectherselffromdangers.

2.Whatisparagraph3mainlyabout?

A.WhatShiQinlingdidinuniversity.

B.HowShiQinlinggotridoftheboredom.

C.HowShiQinlingstartedpaper-cuttingcareer.

D.WhyShiQinlingresignedfromherpreviousjob.

3.WhatbestdescribesShiQinling?

A.Selflessandadaptable.B.Creativeandhumorous.

C.Devotedandgenerous.D.Talentedandresponsible.

【答案】l.C2.C3.D

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章介紹熱愛(ài)剪紙藝術(shù)的石勤玲開(kāi)始剪紙的經(jīng)歷，取得的成就以及她把中國(guó)

傳統(tǒng)文化傳承下去的決心。

【1題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第——段"Fewwomenwouldconsiderapairofscissorstobedailyessentialthattheyneedtohave

intheirpurses.ButforShiQinling,whoiscurrentlyworkingattheFenglincommunityculturalcenterinShanghai,

thistoolhasbeenwithhereverywhereshegoesforthepastdecade—notasameansofself-protectionbutartistic

expression.（很少有女性會(huì)認(rèn)為一把剪刀是她們錢(qián)包里的日常必需品。但對(duì)于目前在上海楓林社區(qū)文化中心

工作的石勤玲來(lái)說(shuō)，這個(gè)工具在過(guò)去的十年里一直伴隨著她一不是作為一種自我保護(hù)的手段，而是作為

一種藝術(shù)表達(dá)。）”和下文可知石勤玲總是帶著一把剪刀是因?yàn)榭梢噪S時(shí)用來(lái)剪紙，故選C。

【2題詳解】

主旨大意題。根據(jù)第三段“Shidevelopedaninterestincraft（工藝）whenshewasachild...Realizingthatshestill

hadaloveforthecraft,shemadethecareerswitch.（她還是個(gè)孩子的時(shí)候，她就對(duì)工藝產(chǎn)生了興趣。這種興趣

后來(lái)發(fā)展成為一種激情，她決定在大學(xué)期間主修工藝美術(shù)設(shè)計(jì)。然而，畢業(yè)后，由于不確定自己未來(lái)想做

什么，她在一家船舶設(shè)計(jì)公司工作。大約一年后，上海工藝美術(shù)研究院給了她一個(gè)剪紙系的職位。意識(shí)到

自己仍然熱愛(ài)這門(mén)手藝后，她轉(zhuǎn)行了。）”可知本段主要講述石勤玲如何開(kāi)始剪紙生涯的，故選C。

【3題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段uAlthoughShiisalreadysoskilledinthecraftthatshecancreateananimalpatternin

10minuteswithoutevenhavingtodrawtheoutlines,shecontinuestoimproveherskillseveryday.（盡管施在工藝

上已經(jīng)非常熟練，她可以在10分鐘內(nèi)創(chuàng)建一個(gè)動(dòng)物圖案，甚至不需要畫(huà)輪廓，但她每天都在繼續(xù)提高自己

的技能。）”可知她在剪紙上很有天賦和才華和下文uShethinksshehastheresponsibilitytoattractpeoplefrom

differentagegroupsanddifferentfieldstotrypaper-cutting.（她認(rèn)為自己有責(zé)任吸引不同年齡段、不同領(lǐng)域的人

來(lái)嘗試剪紙。）”可知她是一個(gè)有責(zé)任感的人，因此用有才華，有責(zé)任心形容石勤玲最貼切，故選D。

B

MichaelandhiswifehadrecentlymovedintoanewapartmentbuildinginSanFranciscowhentheymeta

neighborwhoisanIndianpriest（牧師）.

Thepriest,JeffDunan,77,toldMichaelaboutanorganizationhevolunteersfor,whichprovidesfood,clothing

andessentialsuppliestopoorpeopleinnorthernBangladesh.ThemandecidedtodonatetotheGoFundMecampaign,

andsettledon$150.t4Ithoughtitwasagoodcause,andaneighborlythingtodo,“hesaid.

ShortlyaftermakinghisdonationontheGoFundMecampaignthatdayinFebruary2022,though,Michael

receivedinformationfromhiscreditcardcompany,warninghimofasuspiciously（可疑地）largebusiness.He

openedthetextmessage,whichwarnedhimofa$15,041chargefromGoFundMe.Whenhesawthefive-figure

number,hecouldn'tbelieveit.

Soon,itallmadesense.Michaefscreditcardnumberstartedwithfourandone.Clearly,hesaid,heaccidentally

begantypinghiscreditcardinformationwhilehiscursor（光標(biāo)）wasstillinthedonationbox.

MichaelcalledGoFundMe'ssupportlineinapanicandexplainedthemistakendonation.Tohisrelief,hewas

toldhewouldberefundedforthemistakewithinthreetosevenbusinessdays.

Still,therewasamajorcomplication:The$15,000donation-whichmorethandoubledthetotalamountraised

atthetime-wouldremainontheGoFundMepageuntiltherefundwasprocessed.

“Iwaslike,ohno,thafsaproblem,9,Michaelrecalled.BeforeheexplainedtoDunan,hestartedreceiving

FacebookmessagesfromShohagChandra,thecharity'sBangladesh-basedprogrammanager,thankinghimforhis

substantialdonation.

“ThemanhadsentmeavideoofhimselffromBangladesh,surroundedbydozensofhungrypeopleholding

bagsoffood,thankingmeBYNAME."AfterMichaelwatchedit,hisheartsank.Hefeltterriblethathehadtorevoke

（撤銷(xiāo)）hisdonation,andhewantedtooffermore.Oncehisoriginalcontributionwasrefunded,hedonated$1,500.

4.WhydidMichaeldonatetotheGoFundMecampaign?

A.Topleasehisnewneighbor.B.Toearnafinereputation.

C.Tofitinwiththecommunity.D.Tocontributetocharity.

5.HowdidMichaelfeelwhenhesawtheamountchargedonhiscreditcard?

A.Shocked.B.Excited.C.Proud.D.Depressed.

6.WhatwastheoutcomeofMichaefscalltoGoFundMe'ssupportline?

A.Hereceivedathank-youmessage.

B.Hewaspromisedtogethismoneyback.

C.Hewasinformedofasuspiciouscharge.

D.Hegotadditionalfundsfromthecharity.

7.Whathappenedintheend?

A.PeoplelaughedatMichaeFsmistake.

B.ThepoorBangladeshisweredisappointed.

C.Michaeldonatedtoanothercharityorganization.

D.Michaeldonatedmorethanhisfirstintendedamount.

【答案】4.D5,A6.B7.D

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了Michael在捐贈(zèng)給一家為貧困人口提供食品、衣物和必需品的慈善

機(jī)構(gòu)時(shí)，因?yàn)椴恍⌒脑谳斎胄庞每ㄐ畔r(shí)出現(xiàn)了錯(cuò)誤，導(dǎo)致他意外地向慈善機(jī)構(gòu)捐贈(zèng)了15041美元。雖然

后來(lái)他成功地撤消了捐款并收到了退款，但他仍然為此感到內(nèi)疚。最終，他選擇為這家慈善機(jī)構(gòu)捐贈(zèng)了1500

美元。

【4題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Thepriest,JeffDunan,77,toldMichaelaboutanorganizationhevolunteersfor,which

providesfood,clothingandessentialsuppliestopoorpeopleinnorthernBangladesh.（77歲的牧師JeffDunan向

Michael講述了他志愿服務(wù)的一個(gè)組織，該組織為孟加拉國(guó)北部的窮人提供食物、衣服和必需品。）”以及“The

mandecidedtodonatetotheGoFundMecampaign,andsettledon$150."Ithoughtitwasagoodcause,anda

neighborlythingtodo,"hesaid.（這名男子決定向GoFundMe的活動(dòng)捐款，最終選擇了150美元。他說(shuō)：“我認(rèn)

為這是一項(xiàng)很好的事業(yè)，也是一件睦鄰友好的事情J）”可知，Michael通過(guò)牧師認(rèn)識(shí)了一家慈善組織，該

組織為孟加拉北部的貧困人口提供食品、衣服和必備品。他認(rèn)為這是一個(gè)好的事業(yè)，向其捐贈(zèng)了150美元。

因此，他的捐贈(zèng)是為了貢獻(xiàn)慈善事業(yè)。故選D。

【5題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中“Heopenedthetextmessage,whichwarnedhimofa$15,041chargefrom

GoFundMe.（他打開(kāi)了這條短信，上面警告他GoFundMe要向他收取15041美元。）”以及“Whenhesawthe

five-figurenumber,hecouldn'tbelieveit.（當(dāng)他看到這個(gè)五位數(shù)的數(shù)字時(shí)，他簡(jiǎn)直不敢相信。）”可知，他本打

算捐贈(zèng)的是150美元，而實(shí)際因?yàn)椴恍⌒脑谳斎胄庞每ㄐ畔r(shí)出現(xiàn)了錯(cuò)誤，導(dǎo)致他意外地向慈善機(jī)構(gòu)捐贈(zèng)

了15041美元，因此當(dāng)他看到自己信用卡上的消費(fèi)金額時(shí)，他感覺(jué)到非常的吃驚。故選A。

【6題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段中“Tohisrelief,hewastoldhewouldberefundedforthemistakewithinthreetoseven

businessdays.（讓他松了一口氣的是，他被告知，他將在三到七個(gè)工作日內(nèi)得到退款。）”可知，當(dāng)他給

GoFundMe打電話(huà)的時(shí)候，他被告知將在三到七個(gè)工作日內(nèi)得到退款。故選B。

【7題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Hefeltterriblethathehadtorevoke（撤銷(xiāo)）hisdonation,andhewantedtooffer

more.Oncehisoriginalcontributionwasrefunded,hedonated$1,500.（他不得不撤銷(xiāo)捐贈(zèng)，這讓他感到很難過(guò)，

他想提供更多。他最初的捐款被退還后，他捐了1500美元。）”可知，Michael捐出的錢(qián)比他最初計(jì)劃的要

多即錢(qián)款退回之后，他捐贈(zèng)了1500美元。故選D。

C

Forme,alargepartofgrowingfromagirlintoawomanwasdevelopingahatredformybody.WhenIwasakid,

Ididn'tthinkaboutmybodyallthatmuch.Myattitudestowardsmybodychangedaroundmiddleschoolwhen

peopleweretalkingaboutstayingC4inshape^andgoingondiets.AndthusIstartedtointernalizetheharmfulstandard

thatwehavetolookgoodallthetime.

Looksaregivenfartoomuchimportanceinoursociety.Womenaresupposedtolookperfectallthetime.We're

supposedtoidolize（崇拜）celebritieswhohavefarmoretimeandmoneytospendontheirappearancethanthe

averageperson.Ifssimplynotattainable.

Ilovetheideaofbodypositivity.Ifirmlybelievethateveryoneshouldtrytolovethemselvesasmuchas

possible.However,it'salmostimpossibletoloveeverypartofyourbodyallthetime.Personally,Icouldnever

achievethat.It'sagoodideatopromotebodypositivityintheory,butitalsoallowsustobeatourselvesupbecause

wedon'tloveourselvesallthetime.

Bodyneutrality（中立）isamuchmoreattainablegoal.Bodyneutralitypromotestheideathatyourbodyis

simplyyourbodyinsteadofthinkingsomethingisgoodorbad.Thismentalityiseasiertoachieve,anditdoesn't

forceyoutotrytolovethingsyoudon'tlove.Wedon'tneedtoloveeverypartofourbody——ifsjustabody.

Anotherwaytoviewyourbodyistobethankfulforeverythingthatitdoesforyouratherthanhowitlooks.For

example,IamgratefulthatmybodyallowsmetogoskiingbecauseIloveskiing.Thisshiftinmentalitycanbe

helpfulbecauseitfocusesonyourbody'sabilitytodothingsyoulove,insteadofyourappearance.

Ultimately,theidealmentalityislovingeverypartofyourbodyallthetime.However,themorerealistic

alternativeisacceptingyourbodyforwhatitisandwhatitdoesforyou.Lovecancomeafter,butneutralityisagood

placetostart.

8.Whydidtheauthorchangeherattitudetowardsappearancearoundmiddleschool?

A.Becauseshewasinfluencedbyothers.

B.Becauseshebegantodislikeherbody.

C.Becauseshethoughtitimportanttostayinshape.

D.BecauseshefailedtomeetherschooFsstandards.

9.Whatistheauthor'sattitudetowardsbodypositivity?

A.Supportive.B.Doubtful.C.Prejudiced.D.Indifferent.

10.Whatdoesbodyneutralitypromote?

A.Pursuingperfectionintermsofbodyimage.

B.Tryingtochangeyourappearanceconstantly.

C.Lovingeverypartofyourbodyunconditionally.

D.Acceptingyourbodyasitiswithoutjudgment.

11.Whatisthesuggestedmentalitytowardsyourbody?

A.Ignoringitslimitations.

B.Focusingonappearance.

C.Beinggratefulforitscapabilities.

D.Beingcriticalofitsimperfections.

【答案】8.A9.B10.D11.C

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇夾敘夾議文。文章講述作者在中學(xué)前后改變了對(duì)外表的態(tài)度，建議我們愛(ài)自己身體的

每一部分，接受自己的身體和它對(duì)自己的作用

【8題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第——段"Myattitudestowardsmybodychangedaroundmiddleschoolwhenpeopleweretalking

aboutstaying“inshape“andgoingondiets.AndthusIstartedtointernalizetheharmfulstandardthatwehavetolook

goodallthetime.（我對(duì)自己身體的態(tài)度在中學(xué)前后發(fā)生了改變，當(dāng)時(shí)人們都在談?wù)摫３帧吧聿摹焙凸?jié)食。因

此，我開(kāi)始內(nèi)化那種有害的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，即我們必須一直看起來(lái)很好。）”可知，當(dāng)別人開(kāi)始談?wù)摫３帧吧聿摹焙?/p>

節(jié)食的時(shí)候，作者對(duì)自己身體的態(tài)度發(fā)生改變，由此可知作者是受了別人的影響，故選A。

【9題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“Ilovetheideaofbodypositivity.Ifirmlybelievethateveryoneshouldtrytolove

themselvesasmuchaspossible.However,ifsalmostimpossibletoloveeverypartofyourbodyallthetime.

Personally,Icouldneverachievethat.Ifsagoodideatopromotebodypositivityintheory,butitalsoallowsusto

beatourselvesupbecausewedon'tloveourselvesallthetime.（我喜歡身體積極性這個(gè)概念。我堅(jiān)信每個(gè)人都應(yīng)

該盡可能地愛(ài)自己。然而，要一直愛(ài)你身體的每一個(gè)部位幾乎是不可能的。就我個(gè)人而言，我永遠(yuǎn)無(wú)法做

到這一點(diǎn)。從理論上講，提高身體積極性是個(gè)好主意，但這也會(huì)讓我們自責(zé)，因?yàn)槲覀儾⒉豢偸菒?ài)自己。）”

可推知，作者對(duì)身體積極性的態(tài)度是懷疑的，故選B。

【10題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題o根據(jù)第四段“Bodyneutralitypromotestheideathatyourbodyissimplyyourbodyinsteadofthinking

somethingisgoodorbad.Thismentalityiseasiertoachieve,anditdoesn'tforceyoutotrytolovethingsyoudon't

love.Wedon'tneedtoloveeverypartofourbody一ifsjustabody.（身體中立是指你的身體就是你的身體，而

不是認(rèn)為某事是好是壞。這種心態(tài)更容易實(shí)現(xiàn)，它不會(huì)強(qiáng)迫你去愛(ài)你不喜歡的東西。我們不需要愛(ài)我們身

體的每一部分——它只是一具身體。）”可知，身體中立提倡的就是客觀(guān)的看待身體，也就是不加評(píng)判地接

受你的身體。故選D。

【11題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后——段^Ultimately,theidealmentalityislovingeverypartofyourbodyallthetime.However,

themorerealisticalternativeisacceptingyourbodyforwhatitisandwhatitdoesforyou.Lovecancomeafter,but

neutralityisagoodplacetostart.（最終，理想的心態(tài)是一直愛(ài)你身體的每一個(gè)部位。然而，更現(xiàn)實(shí)的選擇是接

受你的身體和它對(duì)你的作用。愛(ài)可以緊隨其后，但中立是一個(gè)很好的開(kāi)始。）”可知，建議你對(duì)自己身體的

心態(tài)就是接受你的身體，也就是對(duì)身體對(duì)你的作用和能力表示感激，故選C。

D

Newresearchhasdiscoveredthatadulthowlermonkeysuseplaytoavoidconflictandreducegrouptension,

withlevelsofplayincreasingwhentheyarefacedwithlimitedresources.

Howlermonkeyplayinvolvesindividualshangingfromtheirtails（尾巴）andmakingfacialexpressionsand

signals,suchasshakingtheirheads.However,playisanenergy-costlyactivityforhowlermonkeys,whogenerally

haveaninactivelifestyleduetotheirmainlyleaf-baseddiet.

Theresearchersexaminedhowplayvarieswithage,andtheymeasuredtheamountoftimeadultsplaywith

otheradultsandwithjuvenilemonkeyswithintheirgroups.Bystudyingsevendifferentgroupsofhowlermonkeysin

therainforestsofMexicoandCostaRica,theresearchersfoundthattheamountofadultplayislinkedtothenumber

ofpotentialplaymates,increasinginlinewiththesizeofthegroup.Adultsspendmoretimeplayingwithotheradults,

ratherthanjuveniles,andadultfemalesspendmoretimeengagedinplaythanadultmales.

Crucially,theresearchersfoundthatplayamongadultsincreasesinlinewithtimespentsearchingforfruit.

Howlermonkeystypicallyeatleaves,andfruitisahighlyprizedresourcethatgeneratescompetitionamongthe

monkeys.LeadauthorDr.NorbertoAsensio,ofUniversityoftheBasqueCountry,said,“Onetheoryforthepositive

effectoffruitconsumptiononplayisthatafruit-baseddietsimplyprovidesthehowlermonkeyswithmoreenergy

comparedtotheirtypicaldietofleaves.9,

“Ifthiswasthecase,weshouldhaveobservedadultsengaginginmoreplaywithotheradultsofthegroup,

insteadofyoungmonkeysduringfruitsearching.Becauseyoungmonkeysdonotposeathreatorprovide

competitionatfruittrees,webelievethatplayamongadultsisamethodforsolvingconflictswithinthegroup,ina

similarwaythatgrooming（梳理毛發(fā)）isusedbysomeotheranimals.9,

12.Whatwasthefocusoftheresearchers9observation?

A.Whatfoodthemonkeyseat.

B.Whatinfluencethemonkeys5play.

C.Howlongthemonkeysstaytogether.

D.Howbigthemonkeys5playgroupsare.

13.Whatdoestheunderlinedword^uveniles^inparagraph3probablymean?

A.Younganimals.B.Foreigngroups.

C.Teamleaders.D.Familymembers.

14.WhatdoweknowabouthowlermonkeysaccordingtoNorbertoAsensio?

A.Theylovegrooming.

B.Theypreferleavestofruits.

C.Youngmonkeysarenotcompetitive.

D.Adultmonkeysdon'tcareabouttheyoung.

15.Whatcanbethebesttitleofthetext?

A.Fruits-crucialsourceofenergy

B.Howlermonkey-aspecialgrouplivewithpeace

CMonkeysplay-animportantmeansforharmony

D.Conflicts-unavoidableproblemsamongmonkeys

【答案】12.B13.A14.C15.C

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。本文介紹了一個(gè)新的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)即新的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，成年吼猴通過(guò)玩耍來(lái)避免沖

突，減少群體緊張，當(dāng)它們面臨有限的資源時(shí)，玩耍的程度會(huì)增加。

【12題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中“Howlermonkeyplayinvolvesindividualshangingfromtheirtails（尾巴）andmaking

facialexpressionsandsignals,suchasshakingtheirheads.（吼猴的游戲包括個(gè)體用尾巴懸掛，并做出面部表情

和信號(hào)，比如搖頭。然而，對(duì)于吼猴來(lái)說(shuō)，玩耍是一項(xiàng)消耗能量的活動(dòng)，它們通常有一種不活躍的生活方

式，因?yàn)樗鼈冎饕詷?shù)葉為食。）”以及第三段中“Theresearchersexaminedhowplayvarieswithage,andthey

measuredtheamountoftimeadultsplaywithotheradultsandwithjuvenilemonkeyswithintheirgroups.（研究人員

研究了玩耍是如何隨著年齡的變化而變化的，他們測(cè)量了成年猴子和其他成年猴子以及幼猴在他們的群體

中玩耍的時(shí)間。）”可知，研究這門(mén)關(guān)注的是影響吼猴玩耍的各方因素如吼猴的游戲、年齡在影響吼猴玩耍時(shí)

間的影響等。故選B。

【13題詳解】

詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)劃線(xiàn)詞前面的句子“Theresearchersexaminedhowplayvarieswithage（研究人員調(diào)查了玩耍

是如何隨年齡變化的）”可知，本段強(qiáng)調(diào)的是研究者們調(diào)查了年齡對(duì)猴子在玩耍時(shí)產(chǎn)生的影響，同時(shí)根據(jù)劃線(xiàn)

詞前“theymeasuredtheamountoftimeadultsplaywithotheradults（他們測(cè)量了成年猴子與其他成年猴子一起

玩耍的時(shí)間）”可知，研究者們研究了成年猴子和成年猴子之間玩耍的時(shí)間，后文應(yīng)該研究的是成年猴子和不

同年齡的猴子玩耍的時(shí)間即成年猴子和年輕猴子之間玩耍的時(shí)間，從而形成比較。故劃線(xiàn)詞與A選項(xiàng)“Young

animals.（年輕的動(dòng)物）”為同義詞。故選A。

【14題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Ifthiswasthecase,weshouldhaveobservedadultsengaginginmoreplaywith

otheradultsofthegroup,insteadofyoungmonkeysduringfruitsearching.Becauseyoungmonkeysdonotposea

threatorprovidecompetitionatfruittrees（如果是這樣的話(huà)，我們應(yīng)該觀(guān)察到成年猴子更多地與群體中的其他

成年猴子玩耍，而不是小猴子在尋找水果。因?yàn)樾『镒硬粫?huì)對(duì)果樹(shù)構(gòu)成威脅或競(jìng)爭(zhēng)。）”可知，相比于成年猴

子更積極地參與到群體游戲中去尋找水果，年輕的小猴子們顯得更不積極，因?yàn)槟贻p的小猴子在尋找水果

不會(huì)構(gòu)成威脅或競(jìng)爭(zhēng)。故選C。

【15題詳解】

主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段"Newresearchhasdiscoveredthatadulthowlermonkeysuseplaytoavoidconflictand

reducegrouptension,withlevelsofplayincreasingwhentheyarefacedwithlimitedresources.（新的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，成

年吼猴通過(guò)玩耍來(lái)避免沖突，減少群體緊張，當(dāng)它們面臨有限的資源時(shí)，玩耍的程度會(huì)增加。）”以及通讀全

文，文章講述的是一個(gè)新的發(fā)現(xiàn)即成年吼猴使用玩耍來(lái)避免沖突并減少群體緊張，當(dāng)它們面臨資源有限的

情況時(shí)，玩耍的程度會(huì)增加即猴子的之間的玩耍能夠避免猴子之間的沖突實(shí)現(xiàn)和諧，C選項(xiàng)“Monkeysplay

一animportantmeansforharmony（猴子玩耍和諧的重要手段）”概括文章主要內(nèi)容。故選C。

第二節(jié)（共5小題;每小題2分，滿(mǎn)分10分）

根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。

HowtoLiveaFulfillingLife

Howawesomewoulditbetogetoutofbedeachmorningfeelingpurposefulandhappyaboutyourday?What

aboutgoingtosleepeachnightwithagrin（露齒的笑）ofsatisfactiononyourlips?16Herearesometips

thatmayhelpyou.

?17

Toleadamorefulfillinglife,youfirstneedtoknowwhatpartofyourcurrentlifeistroublingorunsatisfactory.

Reflectondifferentaspectsofyourlifetofigureoutwhichareupsettingyouthemost.Tryclosingyoureyesand

questioning“Whatpartofmylifedissatisfiesmethemost?^^Whatevercomestomindfirstisprobablywhereyou511

wanttostart.

?Buildinggoodhabits.

Oneofthebestwaystobuildgoodhabitsthatsupportafulfillinglifeisbydoingsomethingeachdaythat

challengesyou.Identifyonethingyoucantakeactiononthatpushesyoubeyondyourcomfortzoneanddoit.This

mightbesharingideaswithyourbosswhenyoutypicallystayquiet.18Forexample,ifyou'vebeentrying

toloseweight,butyouspendtoomuchtimeonthecouch,reduceyourtimeonTVordoanexercisewhileyouwatch.

?Havinggoodhealthandwell-being.

19You'llhavetroublefeelingfulfilledifyourenergyonlygoesout.Justasyoupourloveandsupport

intoothers,youmustreturnthatloveandsupporttoyourself.Taketimetoimproveyourownselfwithpassionsor

self-care.Fulfillmentalsotranslatestoperfectmentalandphysicalhealth,somaketimetoexerciseregularly.

Scheduleitintoyourday.20

A.Addressingyourdissatisfaction.

B.Learningtoavoiddissatisfaction.

C.Ifsimportanttosetaside"me"time.

D.Endeachdaybyreflectingonyourdailychallenge.

E.Replacingyourbadhabitswithgoodonesisalsosuggested.

F.Thatway,itwillbejustlikeanyothertaskonyourto-dolist.

G.Thismayseemdifficult,butleadingamorefulfillinglifeisentirelypossible.

【答案】16.G17.A18.E19.C20.F

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。這篇文章主要介紹了如何過(guò)上充實(shí)的生活的幾點(diǎn)建議。包括解決不滿(mǎn)，建立

良好的習(xí)慣，關(guān)注健康和福祉以及反思每天的挑戰(zhàn)。

【16題詳解】

根據(jù)文章的標(biāo)題“HowtoLiveaFulfillingLife（如何過(guò)充實(shí)的生活）”以及"Whataboutgoingtosleepeachnight

withagrin（露齒的笑）ofsatisfactiononyourlips?（每天晚上帶著滿(mǎn)意的笑容入睡怎么樣?）"可知，文章介紹的

是如何過(guò)上充實(shí)生活提出相關(guān)建議，并提出每天晚上帶著滿(mǎn)意的笑容入睡；同時(shí)根據(jù)后文“Herearesometips

thatmayhelpyou.（這里有一些建議可能會(huì)對(duì)你有所幫助）”可知，設(shè)空處應(yīng)該指出針對(duì)于前文提出的目標(biāo)即

過(guò)上充實(shí)的生活是很難的，由此提出幾點(diǎn)建議。G選項(xiàng)“Thismayseemdifficult,butleadingamorefulfillinglife

isentirelypossible」這可能看起來(lái)很難，但過(guò)上更充實(shí)的生活是完全可能的）”符合語(yǔ)境，承上啟下。故選G。

【17題詳解】

本題為本段的中心句。根據(jù)后文"Toleadamorefulfillinglife,youfirstneedtoknowwhatpartofyourcurrentlife

istroublingorunsatisfactory.（為了過(guò)上更充實(shí)的生活，你首先需要知道你目前生活的哪些部分令人不安或不

滿(mǎn)意）”可知，本段強(qiáng)調(diào)的是指出自己生活中令人不安或者不滿(mǎn)意的地方，然后進(jìn)行解決。A選項(xiàng)“Addressing

yourdissatisfaction.（解決你的不滿(mǎn)）”概括本段內(nèi)容，符合語(yǔ)境。故選A。

【18題詳解】

根據(jù)后文“Forexample,ifyou'vebeentryingtoloseweight,butyouspendtoomuchtimeonthecouch,reduceyour

timeonTVordoanexercisewhileyouwatch.（例如，如果你一直在努力減肥，但你在沙發(fā)上花了太多時(shí)間，

那就減少看電視的時(shí)間，或者一邊看電視一邊做運(yùn)動(dòng)）”可知，此處舉例說(shuō)明通過(guò)使用好習(xí)慣取代壞習(xí)慣。

E選項(xiàng)uReplacingyourbadhabitswithgoodonesisalsosuggested.（還建議用好習(xí)慣取代壞習(xí)慣）”引起下文，

形成呼應(yīng)。故選E。

【19題詳解】

根據(jù)后文"You'llhavetroublefeelingfulfilledifyourenergyonlygoesout.Justasyoupourloveandsupportinto

others,youmustreturnthatloveandsupporttoyourself.Taketimetoimproveyourownselfwithpassionsor

self-care.（如果你的精力耗盡，你就很難感到滿(mǎn)足。就像你把愛(ài)和支持傾注給別人一樣，你也必須把愛(ài)和支

持回報(bào)給自己。花點(diǎn)時(shí)間用激情和自我照顧來(lái)提升自己）”可知，你自己也會(huì)耗盡精力，讓自己感到無(wú)法滿(mǎn)

足。因此，此處建議要給自己留些時(shí)間，花點(diǎn)時(shí)間用激情和自我照顧來(lái)提升自己。C選項(xiàng)“It'simportanttoset

aside“me”time.（留出屬于自己的時(shí)間是很重要的）”引起下文，提出給自己留些時(shí)間的重要性，符合語(yǔ)境。

故選C。

【20題詳解】

根據(jù)前文的uFulfillmentalsotranslatestoperfectmentalandphysicalhealth,somaketimetoexerciseregularly.

Scheduleitintoyourday.（成就感也意味著完美的精神和身體健康，所以要花時(shí)間定期鍛煉。把它安排到你的

一天中）”可知，此處強(qiáng)調(diào)要花時(shí)間鍛煉，把它定期的安排到自己的一天日程中。F選項(xiàng)“Thatway,itwillbe

justlikeanyothertaskonyourto-dolist.（這樣，它就會(huì)像你待辦事項(xiàng)清單上的其他任務(wù)一樣）”與前文呼應(yīng)，

指出把鍛煉定期的安排到自己的一天日程中，就好像是代辦清單上的其他任務(wù)一樣，由此形成良好的習(xí)慣。

故選F。

第三部分語(yǔ)言知識(shí)及運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿(mǎn)分25分）

第一節(jié)（共15小題;每小題1分,滿(mǎn)分15分）

閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳

選項(xiàng)。

Jody,ahighschoolwrestlingcoachsprangintoactionafterhearingthathislongtimefriendRayneededakidney

（腎）.

“LastyearRaygavemeacallandhesounded21Iaskedhimifhewasokay.Hestoppedforamoment

andsaid,Tm22Jodyexplained.

Withoutthinkingtwice,Jodybegan23.Unfortunately,hefoundouthewouldn'tbeakidneymatchfor

Ray,whowasrunningoutoftimebecauseofhow24hewasonthedonorlist.

“Iquicklyrealizedthroughthe25donorprogramatLVHospital,Icouldactuallydonatetothekidney

bank,26anotherperson'slifewhoIdon'tknow,andRaywouldmoveuponthekidneydonorrecipient（受

方）list,"saidJody.

Andthat's27whathedid.Withthesupportofhisfamily,Jodygotthegreenlightand28with

thesurgery.

Followingthesurgery,Jody'sdoctortoldhimthe29fact:"Wefoundcancerinyou."30,Jody

wasintheearlystagesofatypeofcancerthatusuallygoes31untilit'stoolate.Ifnotforhis32to

donateanorgan,doctorsmightnothavebeenableto33thediseaseintime.

JodyannouncedthefortunatesaveonFacebook,Soonerorlater,ifyoutakeactionsbasedon'goodness'andin

thebest34ofothers,itcomesfullcircleback,“hesaid."Itwasa35thatIdonatedmykidney.Igot

abonusgiftandsavedmyownlifb!”

21.A.terribleB.familiarC.confusedD.distracted

22.A.recoveringB.movingC.restingD.dying

23.A.cryingB.exercisingC.kiddingD.testing

24.A.differentB.popularC.lowD.healthy

25.A.sharedB.improvedC.voluntaryD.global

26.A.balanceB.saveC.shapeD.continue

27.A.normallyB.exactlyC.possiblyD.especially

28.A.wentaheadB.putupC.gotawayD.cameup

29.A.plainB.relevantC.disturbingD.observable

30.A.ClearlyB.CertainlyC.LuckilyD.Hopefully

31.A.accessibleB.visibleC.undamagedD.undetected

32.A.decisionB.abilityC.permissionD.potential

33.A.understandB.treatC.catchD.spread

34.A.experienceB.interestC.effortD.performance

35.A.challengeB.reliefC.successD.blessing

【答案】21.A22.D23.D24.C25.C26.B27.B28.A29.C30.C31.

D32.A33.B34.B35.D

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述的是高中摔跤教練Jody聽(tīng)到好朋友Ray需要腎臟后，無(wú)私地捐獻(xiàn)腎

臟卻發(fā)現(xiàn)自己的身體出現(xiàn)了癌癥，但及時(shí)發(fā)現(xiàn)并治療，最終被認(rèn)為是一個(gè)非常幸運(yùn)的事情。他呼吁人們多

做善事，好事會(huì)得到回報(bào)。

[21題詳解】

考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：去年Ray給我打了個(gè)電話(huà)，聽(tīng)起來(lái)很糟糕。A.terrible糟糕的；B.familiar熟悉

的；C.confused困惑的；D.distracted分心的。根據(jù)后文“Iaskedhimifhewasokay.”可知，因?yàn)镴ody詢(xún)問(wèn)

朋友Ray是否安好，由此表明Ray聽(tīng)起來(lái)很糟糕。故選A。

[22題詳解】

考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我快要死了。A.recovering恢復(fù);B.moving移動(dòng);C.resting休息;D.dying死

亡。根據(jù)前文“Rayneededakidney（腎）可知，Ray需要一顆腎臟，故Ray覺(jué)得自己快要死了。故選D。

【23題詳解】

考查動(dòng)詞詞