江蘇省南通市海安市2023-2024學(xué)年高三下學(xué)期開學(xué)英語試題(解析版)

高級中學(xué)名校試卷PAGEPAGE1江蘇省南通市海安市2023-2024學(xué)年高三下學(xué)期開學(xué)英語試題第一部分：聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)略第二部分：閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AFrom:BridgetPecolini<bpecolini@>To:AnsonWong<mransonwong@>Re:QuestionsaboutonlinemathcontestDate:February18,2024DearMr.Wong,Thankyouforyouremail.We’resogladyourchildissigneduptoparticipateinourmathcontest.Ihopeitwillbearewardingandenrichingexperienceforhim.Youcanaccessthetrainingsessionandpracticetestsbyloggingintoourwebsiteatwww..Onceyou’resignedin,youwillseeseveraltabsontheleft-handside.Oneofthemwillsay“Enrolled.”Ifyouclickonthedrop-downmenuthere,you’llfindthenameofthechildyouregistered.Ifyouclickonthename,you’llbegiventheoptionofjoiningatrainingsessionordoingpracticetests.Ofcourse,youcanchooseneither.Ihopethatanswersyourquestion!Pleaseletmeknowifyouneedanyfurtherhelp.Sincerely,BridgetPecoliniwww./studentinformationMATHCONTEST2024We’regladyou’vedecidedtoparticipateinthisyear’smathcontest.Thisisour38thyearrunningthiscontest,andour3rdwithanonlineoption.Wehopetobeabletoofferin-personcontestsnextyear!GaryWong3rdGradeAccesstothecontestSampletest2024&Practicetests(2019-2023)(availableApril14at11am)(availableApril7-12)1.What’sBridget’spurposeofcontactingAnsonWong?A.Tocheckinonhim. B.TourgeGarytojoinacourse.C.Toreplytohisemail. D.Toremindhimtopaytheexpense.2.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrue?A.Contestantswillhavethein-personcontestataspecificspotthisyear.B.Itisamustforcontestantstojoinatrainingsessionbeforethecontest.C.Doingenoughpracticetestsisaguaranteeforacontestanttogetareward.D.Ifastudentwantstoparticipateinthecontest,heshouldsignuponlinefirst.3.Whenwilltheofficialcontestbeheld?A.OnApril7. B.OnApril14. C.OnApril12. D.OnFebruary18.【語篇解讀】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。BridgetPecolini針對AnsonWong關(guān)于在線數(shù)學(xué)競賽的問題給予回信解答，并給出了關(guān)于GaryWong的學(xué)生信息?！即鸢浮?.C2.D3.B【1題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)信中的“Re:Questionsaboutonlinemathcontest(回復(fù)：關(guān)于在線數(shù)學(xué)競賽的問題)”和“Thankyouforyouremail.(感謝您的電子郵件)”可知，Bridget聯(lián)系A(chǔ)nsonWong是為了回復(fù)他的郵件。故選C。【2題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Youcanaccessthetrainingsessionandpracticetestsbyloggingintoourwebsiteatwww..Onceyou’resignedin,youwillseeseveraltabsontheleft-handside.(你可以登錄我們的網(wǎng)站。登錄后，你將在左側(cè)看到幾個(gè)選項(xiàng)卡)”可知，D選項(xiàng)“如果一個(gè)學(xué)生想?yún)⒓颖荣悾麘?yīng)該先在網(wǎng)上報(bào)名”正確。故選D?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由文章信件內(nèi)容中“Accesstothecontest(availableAugust14at11am)(參加比賽（8月14日上午11點(diǎn)）)”可知，正式比賽將于4月14日舉行。故選B。BWorkingatabankinNewYorkCityinthemid-2010s,AnnaSackswasnotlivingthelifeshewanted.Sure,shewashappy.Butshewantedtodosomethingthatfeltimportant.Somepeopleseekingmeaningmightreadaself-helpbookorperhapsvolunteerafewhoursaweek.SackspackedupherlifeandmovedtoConnecticuttoparticipateinAdamah,afarmingprogramthatfocusesonsustainablelivingandgrowingsustainablefood.WhenshereturnedtoNewYork,herlifewaswithanewpurposeandmanynewskillstomakeherdreamsareality.“OneofthethingsthatreallystuckwithmefromAdamahwashowlittlewastetheyproducedandhowtheyhandledthewastetheydidhave,primarilythroughcomposting(堆肥),”shesays.TheAdamahprogramopenedSacks’eyestothedamageconsumercultureisdoingonalocal,national,andgloballevel,andtheneedtofindsolutions.Soin2017,shebeganwhatshecalls“trashwalking”.Duringtoursaroundhercommunity,Sackspicksthroughgarbagetolookforreusableitems.Soon,her“trashwalking”expandedtoincludecorporatetrashalongwithresidentialtrash.Surprisingly,shediscoveredawiderangeofreallygreatstuff-likeclothing,decorations,andfood-allofwhichshedocumentsonTikTok.UnderthenameTheTrashWalker,Sacksquicklygainedpopularityforhervideosthathighlighttheproblemswithconsumerism.“Therootissueisoverproduction,whichleadstooverconsumption,whichleadstoalargeamountofwaste,”shesays.Thefactis,companiesoftenchoosetotrashitemsratherthangivethemawaytopeoplewhomightneedthem.Abigreasonforthiswasteisthewayourcurrenttaxlawsarestructured,Sackssays.Sellerswhodestroygoodscanclaimthecostasalossontheirtaxesandberefunded.Iftheygiveawaygoods,theycanclaimonlyasmallamountasacharitablereductionontheirtaxes.Sacks’mainfocusissimplygettingpeopletopayattentiontohowmanyunnecessarythingstheybuyandthenthrowaway.“Onceyoubecomeawareofthewayyouconsume,youcanseewaysyouimprove,”shesays.4.WhydidAnnaSacksleaveNewYork?A.Tolearnhowtogrowfood. B.Topursueamoremeaningfullife.C.Torealizeherdreamasavolunteer. D.Toaccepttheinvitationfromaprogram.5.WhatimpressedAnnaSacksmostabouttheAdamahprogram?A.Thesignificanceoftrashwalking. B.Thehardtruthofconsumerculture.C.Thesustainablefoodpeopleproduced. D.Thewaypeopletheredealtwiththewaste.6.Whatmakescompaniesprefertothrowoutgoodsastrash?A.Thetaxrefund. B.Thetaxreduction.C.Theoverproduction. D.Thepoorqualityofgoods.7.WhatcanwelearnfromAnnaSacks’story?A.Consumercultureaccountsforwasting. B.Corporatetrashoutweighsresidentialtrash.C.Turningtofarmingleadstosustainableliving. D.Trashwalkingisthekeytobecomingwealthy.【語篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。本文主要講述了AnnaSacks的個(gè)人生活故事。她曾在紐約一家銀行工作，雖然生活幸福但感覺缺乏重要性。她參加了農(nóng)業(yè)項(xiàng)目Adamah，學(xué)習(xí)可持續(xù)生活和種植可持續(xù)食物，這改變了她的生活目標(biāo)和技能，同時(shí)她開始關(guān)注消費(fèi)文化帶來的損害，并通過揀選垃圾來展示這個(gè)問題。她希望引起人們對于過度購買和浪費(fèi)的關(guān)注，從而引發(fā)改變?！即鸢浮?.B5.D6.A7.A【4題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“WorkingatabankinNewYorkCityinthemid-2010s,AnnaSackswasnotlivingthelifeshewanted.Sure,shewashappy.Butshewantedtodosomethingthatfeltimportant.(2010年代中期在紐約一家銀行工作的AnnaSacks并沒有過上她想要的生活。當(dāng)然，她很高興。但她想做點(diǎn)有意義的事)”以及第二段“Somepeopleseekingmeaningmightreadaself-helpbookorperhapsvolunteerafewhoursaweek.SackspackedupherlifeandmovedtoConnecticuttoparticipateinAdamah,afarmingprogramthatfocusesonsustainablelivingandgrowingsustainablefood.(一些尋求人生意義的人可能會(huì)讀一本自助書籍，或者每周做幾個(gè)小時(shí)的志愿者。Sacks結(jié)束了她的生活，搬到了康涅狄格州，參加了一個(gè)專注于可持續(xù)生活和種植可持續(xù)食物的農(nóng)業(yè)項(xiàng)目Adamah)”可知，AnnaSacks離開紐約是因?yàn)樗脒^有意義的生活。故選B?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中““OneofthethingsthatreallystuckwithmefromAdamahwashowlittlewastetheyproducedandhowtheyhandledthewastetheydidhave,primarilythroughcomposting(堆肥),”shesays.(她說：“Adamah讓我印象深刻的是，他們產(chǎn)生的廢物很少，而且他們是如何處理廢物的，主要是通過堆肥。”)”可知，那里的人們處理廢物的方式給AnnaSacks留下了最深的印象。故選D。【6題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中“Thefactis,companiesoftenchoosetotrashitemsratherthangivethemawaytopeoplewhomightneedthem.Abigreasonforthiswasteisthewayourcurrenttaxlawsarestructured,Sackssays.(事實(shí)是，公司經(jīng)常選擇丟棄物品而不是把它們送給可能需要它們的人。Sacks說，造成這種浪費(fèi)的一個(gè)重要原因是我們現(xiàn)行稅法的結(jié)構(gòu)方式)”以及“Sellerswhodestroygoodscanclaimthecostasalossontheirtaxesandberefunded.(損壞貨物的賣家可以將損失作為稅收損失，并獲得退款)”可知，退稅讓公司更愿意把商品當(dāng)垃圾扔掉。故選A?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Sacks’mainfocusissimplygettingpeopletopayattentiontohowmanyunnecessarythingstheybuyandthenthrowaway.“Onceyoubecomeawareofthewayyouconsume,youcanseewaysyouimprove,”shesays.(Sacks的主要重點(diǎn)是讓人們注意到他們買了多少不必要的東西，然后扔掉了。她說：“一旦你意識到自己的消費(fèi)方式，你就能看到自己改善的方法?！?”以及通讀全文可知，AnnaSacks的故事告訴我們，消費(fèi)文化導(dǎo)致了過度生產(chǎn)、過度消費(fèi)和大量的浪費(fèi)。A選項(xiàng)“消費(fèi)文化造成了浪費(fèi)”符合題意。故選A。CInpartsofAfrica,peoplecommunicatewithawildbird—thegreaterhoneyguide-inordertolocatebeehabitatsandharvesttheirstoresofhoney.It’sarareexampleofcooperationbetweenhumansandwildanimals,andapotentialinstanceofculturalcoevolution(共同進(jìn)化).BrianWoodfromUCLAandClaireSpottiswoodefromUniversityofCapeTownwereleadauthorsonastudyshowinghowthisvaluablepartnershipismaintainedandvariesacrosscultures.“Ourstudydemonstratesthebird’sabilitytolearndistinctvoicedsignalsthataretraditionallyusedbydifferenthoney-huntingcommunities,expandingpossibilitiesformutuallybeneficialcooperationwithpeople,”Woodsaid.“Honeyguidesseemtoknowthelandscapewell,gatheringknowledgeaboutthelocationofbeenests,whichtheythensharewithpeople,”Spottiswoodesaid.“Peopleareeagerforthebird’shelp.”Thehoneyguidesalsobenefitfromlocatingthecolonies:Theyeattheleftoverhoneycomb.SpottiswoodeandWood’sstudywasdoneincooperationwiththeHadzainTanzania,withwhomWoodhasbeenconductingresearchsince2004,andtheYaocommunityofnorthernMozambique.Theirpriorworkinbothcommunitiesdocumenteddifferencesinhoweachcultureattractshoneyguides.AmongtheHadza,ahoney-hunterannouncesadesiretopartnerwiththebirdbywhistling.InMozambique,Yaohoney-huntersdosowitha“Brr!”...followedbya“...hmm!”Usingmathematicalmodelsandaudioplaybackexperiments,theteamstudiedthesesignals,theirusefulnesstopeopleandtheirimpactsonbirds.TheyexperimentallyexposedhoneyguidesinTanzaniaandMozambiquetothesamesetofprerecordedsounds.Thisenabledtheresearcherstotestwhetherhoneyguideshadlearnedtorecognizeandpreferthespecializedsignalsthatlocalhoney-huntersusedorwerenaturallyattractedtoallsuchsignals.ThehoneyguidesinTanzaniawereoverthreetimesmorelikelytocooperatewhenhearingthecallsoflocalHadzapeoplethanthecallsof‘foreign’Yao.ThehoneyguidesinMozambiquewerealmosttwiceaslikelytocooperatewhenhearingthelocalYaocall,comparedtothe‘foreign’Hadzawhistles.Thestudyproposesthatdifferencesinhoneyguide-attractingsignalsarenotrandom,butmakepracticalsense.Whilehoney-hunting,boththeHadzaandYaocomeacrossmammals(哺乳動(dòng)物),butonlytheHadzahuntthem,usingbowsandarrows.TheHadza’shuntingmightexplainthelessnotablewhistlestheyuse.FilmedinterviewsshowHadzahuntersexplainingthattheycanevadebeingdetectedbytheirprey(獵物)becausetheirwhistles“soundlikebirds.”Contrarily,thesignaltheYaousetocommunicatewiththehoneyguidecanhelpscareoffanimalstheyfinddangerous.8.Bycooperatingwithhoney-huntingcommunities,honeyguidescan_____.A.nestnearhumancultureB.locatebeehabitatseasierC.haveaccesstomorefoodD.becomefamiliarwiththelandscape9.Whydidtheresearchersusethesameprerecordedsignals?A.Tostudytheirmathematicalmodels.B.Tocheckiftheyareanaturalpreference.C.Toinvestigatetheirusefulnesstohumans.D.Toseeiftheyincreasebirds’abilitytofindhoney.10.WhatcanwelearnfromSpottiswoodeandWood’sstudy?A.Thehuman-birdrelationshipcanchangewithnewsignals.B.TheYaocommunityhuntsanimalswhilelookingforbeenests.C.Thehoneyguidesaremoreresponsivetocallsfromthelocalpeople.D.ThesignalsfromtheHadzaweremoreeffectiveinattractinghoneyguides.11.Whatisthelastparagraphmainlyabout?A.Howmammalsreacttodifferentsignals.B.Howhuntingtechniquesareappliedtoprey.C.Howwhistlesenablehoneyguidestofindtargets.D.Howsignalsareassociatedwithhuntingpractice.【語篇解讀】本文為一篇說明文，研究表明，人們可以與野生動(dòng)物合作，造成文化共同進(jìn)化。該研究展示了這種寶貴的伙伴關(guān)系是如何在不同文化中維持和變化的?！即鸢浮?.C9.B10.C11.D【8題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段““Ourstudydemonstratesthebird’sabilitytolearndistinctvoicedsignalsthataretraditionallyusedbydifferenthoney-huntingcommunities,expandingpossibilitiesformutuallybeneficialcooperationwithpeople,”Woodsaid.“Honeyguidesseemtoknowthelandscapewell,gatheringknowledgeaboutthelocationofbeenests,whichtheythensharewithpeople,”Spottiswoodesaid.“Peopleareeagerforthebird’shelp.”Thehoneyguidesalsobenefitfromlocatingthecolonies:Theyeattheleftoverhoneycomb.(伍德說:“我們的研究表明，這種鳥有能力學(xué)習(xí)不同的聲音信號，這些信號是不同的采蜜社區(qū)傳統(tǒng)上使用的，這擴(kuò)大了與人類互利合作的可能性?！彼共ǖ偎刮榈抡f:“蜜?似乎很了解周圍的風(fēng)景，它們會(huì)收集蜂巢的位置信息，然后與人們分享。人們渴望這只鳥的幫助。”蜜?也從定位蜂群中獲益：它們吃剩下的蜂巢)”可知，通過與采蜜社區(qū)合作，蜜?可以獲得更多的食物。故選C項(xiàng)?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第四段“TheyexperimentallyexposedhoneyguidesinTanzaniaandMozambiquetothesamesetofprerecordedsounds.

Thisenabledtheresearcherstotestwhetherhoneyguideshadlearnedtorecognizeandpreferthespecializedsignalsthatlocalhoney-huntersusedorwerenaturallyattractedtoallsuchsignals.(他們將坦桑尼亞和莫桑比克的蜜?暴露在同一組預(yù)先錄制好的聲音中進(jìn)行實(shí)驗(yàn)。這使研究人員能夠測試蜜?是學(xué)會(huì)了識別和偏愛當(dāng)?shù)夭擅壅呤褂玫奶厥庑盘枺€是自然地被所有這些信號所吸引)”可知，研究人員在同一組預(yù)先錄制好的聲音中進(jìn)行實(shí)驗(yàn)來檢驗(yàn)蜜?被信號吸引是否是一種自然偏好。故選B項(xiàng)?！?0題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第二段“ThehoneyguidesinTanzaniawereoverthreetimesmorelikelytocooperatewhenhearingthecallsoflocalHadzapeoplethanthecallsof‘foreign’Yao.ThehoneyguidesinMozambiquewerealmosttwiceaslikelytocooperatewhenhearingthelocalYaocall,comparedtothe‘foreign’Hadzawhistles.(坦桑尼亞的蜜?在聽到當(dāng)?shù)毓迦说慕新晻r(shí)，配合的可能性是聽到“外國”瑤族叫聲的三倍多。莫桑比克的蜜?在聽到當(dāng)?shù)噩幾宓慕新晻r(shí)，與聽到“外來”哈扎族的哨聲相比，合作的可能性幾乎是前者的兩倍)”可推知，蜜?對當(dāng)?shù)厝说暮魡靖蟹磻?yīng)。故選C項(xiàng)?！?1題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“Thestudyproposesthatdifferencesinhoneyguide-attractingsignalsarenotrandom,butmakepracticalsense.Whilehoney-hunting,boththeHadzaandYaocomeacrossmammals,butonlytheHadzahuntthem,usingbowsandarrows.TheHadza’shuntingmightexplainthelessnotablewhistlestheyuse.FilmedinterviewsshowHadzahuntersexplainingthattheycanevadebeingdetectedbytheirpreybecausetheirwhistles“soundlikebirds.”Contrarily,thesignaltheYaousetocommunicatewiththehoneyguidecanhelpscareoffanimalstheyfinddangerous.(這項(xiàng)研究表明，吸引蜜?信號的差異不是隨機(jī)的，而是有實(shí)際意義的。在采蜜的過程中，哈扎族和瑤族都遇到了哺乳動(dòng)物，但只有哈扎族用弓箭獵殺它們。哈扎人的狩獵行為或許可以解釋他們使用的不那么引人注目的哨聲。視頻采訪顯示，哈扎獵人解釋說，他們可以逃避被獵物發(fā)現(xiàn)，因?yàn)樗麄兊纳诼暋奥犉饋硐聒B”。相反，瑤族用來與蜜?交流的信號可以嚇跑他們認(rèn)為危險(xiǎn)的動(dòng)物)”可知，文章最后一段講述了信號是如何與狩獵活動(dòng)聯(lián)系起來的。故選D項(xiàng)。DTheAgeofInformationisbulging:ifyoutriedtodownloadallthedataavailabletoday,you’dneedmorethan180millionyearstodoso.Butyouarewrongtoassumethatallinformationwouldstimulateaboostofinnovationtomatchtheoutputofdata.Indeed,thelasttimewefoundourselvesinaperiodofsignificantinnovationwasover120yearsago,calledtheAgeofInsight.Innovations,bigorsmall,startwithanewidea.Often,theseideasoccurasamomentofinsight—theresultofanovelconnectioninourbrainsmadebetweenexistingandnewinformation.Studiesshowinsightsinvolvequietsignalsdeepinthebrain.Anythingthathelpsusnoticequietsignalscanincreasethechanceofinsights.However,it’sbecomingmorechallengingtofindthosesignalstoday,everymomentfilledwithanendlesssupplyofcontent.Besides,wealsowanttoincreasethequalityofthemtosortthroughbignewideasandfindthereallyvaluableonesthatcanbehardtomeasure.Launchedin2015,theEurekaScale(尤里卡量表)allowsustoassessthestrengthofourinsightexperiencesonafive-pointscale,namely,intenseemotions,motivation,memoryadvantage,aftershocks,andfollowingideas.TheScalecombinesthesefivevariablesintoasinglevaluetodefinetheimportanceofanewideaandhasbroadapplicationsformeasuringandimprovingindividualandorganizationalperformance.Evenitcanbeusedtomeasuretheimpactofdifferentkindsofworkenvironmentsandlearningapproachesonparticipants’growth.Thelevel-5insight,involvingtherichestemotion,motivation,andlastingimpact,holdsthegreatestsignificance.Inorderfororganizationstobenefitfromanotherageofinsight,it’snotenoughtotrytoaccessmoredataorincreasethenumberofinsightswegenerate.Instead,it’saboutmakingspaceforthebiggestideastoemergefromalltheinformation.UsingtheScaleasawaytomeasurehowimportantideasarewillenablebetterdecision-makingtowardpracticalandcompetitiveoutcomes.Ifwe’retoenteranewageofinsight,wemustmaketimelyandnecessarychangestodesignourenvironmentsforthebestinsightpossibletosurface.12.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“bulging”inParagraph1probablymean?A.Approaching. B.Exploding. C.Shifting. D.Updating.13.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingcasescanincreasethechanceofinsights?A.Byengaginginongoingsocialmediainteractions.B.Byrelyingontechnologytoreceiveregularnotices.C.Bysteppingawayfromcomputersbetweenmeetings.D.Byparticipatinginadditionaltrainingandcoachingsessions.14.Whatcanbeinferredfromthepassage?A.TheEurekaScalecontrolstheinfluenceofourinsights.B.Onewithalevel-5insighthasminimalemotionalresponses.C.Boththequantityandqualityofinsightsareessentialtoinnovation.D.Abreakthroughhasbeenmadeininnovationduetoawealthofinformation.15.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardsthecurrentenvironmentforinnovations?A.Uncertain. B.Optimistic. C.Unconcerned. D.Dissatisfied.【語篇解讀】本文是一篇議論文。這篇文章主要講述了信息時(shí)代的到來以及洞察力對創(chuàng)新的重要性。信息的數(shù)量不斷增加，但并不一定能刺激創(chuàng)新的提升。洞察力是創(chuàng)新的基礎(chǔ)，通過Eureka量表可以評估洞察力的強(qiáng)度和重要性。為了進(jìn)入新的洞察力時(shí)代，需要找到那些重要想法的空間，以使它們能夠浮出水面?！即鸢浮?2.B13.C14.C15.D【12題詳析】詞義猜測題。根據(jù)劃線詞后文“ifyoutriedtodownloadallthedataavailabletoday,you’dneedmorethan180millionyearstodoso(如果你想下載今天所有可用的數(shù)據(jù)，你需要超過1.8億年的時(shí)間)”可知，如今的數(shù)據(jù)太多，即信息時(shí)代在膨脹，劃線詞bulging意為“激增，膨脹”與B選項(xiàng)“Exploding(爆發(fā)，激增)”意思一致。故選B?！?3題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中“Studiesshowinsightsinvolvequietsignalsdeepinthebrain.Anythingthathelpsusnoticequietsignalscanincreasethechanceofinsights.However,it’sbecomingmorechallengingtofindthosesignalstoday,everymomentfilledwithanendlesssupplyofcontent.(研究表明，洞察力涉及大腦深處的安靜信號。任何能幫助我們注意到安靜信號的東西都能增加洞察的機(jī)會(huì)。然而，如今要找到這些信號變得越來越困難，因?yàn)槊繒r(shí)每刻都充斥著無窮無盡的內(nèi)容。)”可知，靜默的信號是產(chǎn)生洞察力的一種方式，因此需要避免一些干擾，比如社交媒體，并且需要適當(dāng)?shù)拈g隔來讓大腦有機(jī)會(huì)產(chǎn)生新的想法，即在會(huì)議間隙遠(yuǎn)離電腦可以增加獲得洞察力的可能性。故選C。【14題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中“Innovations,bigorsmall,startwithanewidea.Often,theseideasoccurasamomentofinsight—theresultofanovelconnectioninourbrainsmadebetweenexistingandnewinformation.(創(chuàng)新，無論大小，都始于一個(gè)新的想法。通常，這些想法是在我們的大腦中在現(xiàn)有信息和新信息之間建立的新聯(lián)系的瞬間產(chǎn)生的)”以及第三段中“Besides,wealsowanttoincreasethequalityofthemtosortthroughbignewideasandfindthereallyvaluableonesthatcanbehardtomeasure.(此外，我們還希望提高它們的質(zhì)量，以便對重大的新想法進(jìn)行分類，并找到那些難以衡量的真正有價(jià)值的想法)”以及“Launchedin2015,theEurekaScale(尤里卡量表)allowsustoassessthestrengthofourinsightexperiencesonafive-pointscale,namely,intenseemotions,motivation,memoryadvantage,aftershocks,andfollowingideas.(尤里卡量表于2015年推出，它允許我們用五分制來評估我們的頓悟體驗(yàn)的強(qiáng)度，即強(qiáng)烈的情緒、動(dòng)機(jī)、記憶優(yōu)勢、余震和后續(xù)想法)”可知，對于創(chuàng)新不論大小，都需要很多靈光一現(xiàn)的瞬間產(chǎn)生的想法（洞察力）；同時(shí)也需要提高洞察力的質(zhì)量，從而才能對重大想法進(jìn)行分類，確定出有真正價(jià)值的想法，尤里卡量表以對洞察力的強(qiáng)度進(jìn)行評估進(jìn)行確定。因此洞察的數(shù)量和質(zhì)量對創(chuàng)新都至關(guān)重要。故選C?！?5題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Inorderfororganizationstobenefitfromanotherageofinsight,it’snotenoughtotrytoaccessmoredataorincreasethenumberofinsightswegenerate.Instead,it’saboutmakingspaceforthebiggestideastoemergefromalltheinformation.(為了讓組織從另一個(gè)洞察時(shí)代中受益，僅僅嘗試訪問更多數(shù)據(jù)或增加我們產(chǎn)生的洞察數(shù)量是不夠的。相反，它是為從所有信息中脫穎而出的最偉大的想法騰出空間)”以及第二段中“However,it’sbecomingmorechallengingtofindthosesignalstoday,everymomentfilledwithanendlesssupplyofcontent.(然而，如今要找到這些信號變得越來越困難，因?yàn)槊繒r(shí)每刻都充斥著無窮無盡的內(nèi)容)”以及最后一段中“Ifwe’retoenteranewageofinsight,wemustmaketimelyandnecessarychangestodesignourenvironmentsforthebestinsightpossibletosurface.(如果我們要進(jìn)入一個(gè)洞察的新時(shí)代，我們必須及時(shí)做出必要的改變來設(shè)計(jì)我們的環(huán)境，以使最好的洞察可能浮出水面)”可知，對于創(chuàng)新，僅僅嘗試訪問更多數(shù)據(jù)或增加我們產(chǎn)生的洞察數(shù)量是不夠的，而是應(yīng)該為從所有信息中脫穎而出的最偉大的想法騰出空間，可是當(dāng)下隨著科技的日益普及，找到這些安靜的信號變得越來越有挑戰(zhàn)性，故作者對于當(dāng)下的創(chuàng)新環(huán)境是感到不滿意的，因此作者呼吁我們必須設(shè)計(jì)我們的環(huán)境，以允許最好的洞察浮出水面。故選D。第二節(jié)(共5小題：每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Therearemanyreasonswhysomecatsarebad-tempered.It’scommonlybelievedthattheirtemperamentcanbeinfluencedbythewaytheyarebornorraised._____16_____AccordingtoveterinarianDrKatrinaWarren,theproblemcangenerallybesolved,butyou’llneedtolookforunderlyingissues.Changesinacat’sbehaviourcanoftenbeexplainedbyahealthproblem.Paincancausecatstobehavedifferently.It’seasytomistakeaproblemasbehavioural,whichinfactismedical.Shouldyouobserveasignificantchangeinyourcat’sbehaviour,thenavisittothevetisthebestplacetostart._____17_____Alsohidingandavoidingbeingtouched.Besuretoreportallchangestoyourvet.Therearemanyhealthproblemsthatcanbereadilytreatedtoeasesymptomsandpainforyourcat.Itpaystorememberthatcatsdon’tliketoshareorqueue.Sharingof‘resources’suchaslittertraysandfoodbowlscancausestressandanxietyformanycats.It’salwaysagoodideatoprovideeachcatwiththeirownlitterbox,food,waterbowlsandbed.Alackofspacetohidefromoravoidothercats,competitionforterritoryandlackofindividualattentioncanalsoaddtohouseholdfriction.____18____Movingtoanewhouse,thearrivalofanewbaby,newpetsandothertypesofchangecanseriouslyimpactcatbehaviour.Catsarecreaturesofhabitandtendtobeterritorial._____19_____Trytokeepyourcat’senvironmentascalmaspossibleandensurethereareplaceswheretheyfeelsafe._____20_____Theseareoftencatsthatreceivedlimitedsocialisationwithhumanswhentheywerekittens.Thesecatsdobestinaquiethouseholdwithoutchildrenandneedunderstandingandpatiencetohelpbuildtheirconfidence.A.Somecatssimplydonotlikebeingtouchedandhandled.B.Watchoutforchangesineating,drinkingorlitter-boxhabits.C.Whenyourcatseemslonely,youcanholditgentlyinyourarms.D.Ifso,offeringthecatahighplacetosit,suchasaclimbingtree,canbehelpful.E.Soachangeinroutinemaycausethemtoreact,includingwithdrawaloraggression.F.Don’tforgettheirincrediblesenseofsmell,whichisausefultoolofcommunication.G.Infact,eventhesweetestcatscansuddenlybecomebad-temperedandbehaveoutofcharacter.【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。主要介紹了貓脾氣暴躁的原因以及解決辦法?！即鸢浮?6.G17.B18.D19.E20.A【16題詳析】根據(jù)上文“Therearemanyreasonswhysomecatsarebad-tempered.It’scommonlybelievedthattheirtemperamentcanbeinfluencedbythewaytheyarebornorraised.(有些貓脾氣不好有很多原因。人們普遍認(rèn)為，他們的氣質(zhì)會(huì)受到出生或成長方式的影響)”以及后文“AccordingtoveterinarianDrKatrinaWarren,theproblemcangenerallybesolved,butyou’llneedtolookforunderlyingissues.(根據(jù)獸醫(yī)卡特里娜·沃倫博士的說法，這個(gè)問題通常是可以解決的，但你需要尋找潛在的問題)”可知，本句主要說明貓脾氣暴躁的事情，后文給出解決方法。故G選項(xiàng)“事實(shí)上，即使是最可愛的貓也會(huì)突然變得脾氣暴躁，行為反?！狈险Z境，故選G?！?7題詳析】根據(jù)上文“Changesinacat’sbehaviourcanoftenbeexplainedbyahealthproblem.Paincancausecatstobehavedifferently.It’seasytomistakeaproblemasbehavioural,whichinfactismedical.Shouldyouobserveasignificantchangeinyourcat’sbehaviour,thenavisittothevetisthebestplacetostart.(貓的行為變化通常可以用健康問題來解釋。疼痛會(huì)導(dǎo)致貓的行為不同。人們很容易把一個(gè)問題誤認(rèn)為是行為問題，而實(shí)際上是醫(yī)學(xué)問題。如果你觀察到貓的行為有明顯的變化，那么去看獸醫(yī)是最好的開始)”可知，本句承接上文，具體說明應(yīng)該注意貓的哪些變化。故B選項(xiàng)“注意飲食或貓砂盆習(xí)慣的變化”符合語境，故選B?！?8題詳析】根據(jù)上文“Alackofspacetohidefromoravoidothercats,competitionforterritoryandlackofindividualattentioncanalsoaddtohouseholdfriction.(缺乏躲避或躲避其他貓的空間，爭奪地盤和缺乏個(gè)人關(guān)注也會(huì)增加家庭摩擦)”可知，上文提到了導(dǎo)致家庭摩擦的原因，本句為本段最后一句，故給出解決方案。故D選項(xiàng)“如果是這樣，給貓?zhí)峁┮粋€(gè)高的地方坐，比如爬樹，可能會(huì)有幫助”符合語境，故選D?！?9題詳析】根據(jù)上文“Catsarecreaturesofhabitandtendtobeterritorial.(貓是有習(xí)慣的動(dòng)物，往往有領(lǐng)地意識)”以及后文“Trytokeepyourcat’senvironmentascalmaspossibleandensurethereareplaceswheretheyfeelsafe.(盡量讓你的貓的環(huán)境保持平靜，并確保有它們感到安全的地方)”可知，本句與上文構(gòu)成因果關(guān)系，指出哪些情況會(huì)導(dǎo)致貓的習(xí)性反應(yīng)，后文給出方法。故E選項(xiàng)“因此，日常生活的改變可能會(huì)引起他們的反應(yīng)，包括退縮或攻擊”符合語境，故選E。【20題詳析】根據(jù)本段內(nèi)容“Theseareoftencatsthatreceivedlimitedsocialisationwithhumanswhentheywerekittens.Thesecatsdobestinaquiethouseholdwithoutchildrenandneedunderstandingandpatiencetohelpbuildtheirconfidence.(這些貓通常是小貓時(shí)與人類交往有限的貓。這些貓?jiān)跊]有孩子的安靜家庭中表現(xiàn)最好，需要理解和耐心來幫助它們建立信心)”可知，本段主要說明了有些貓因?yàn)樾r(shí)候沒有和人類進(jìn)行社交，所以導(dǎo)致天生不與人親近的情況。故A選項(xiàng)“有些貓就是不喜歡被觸摸和控制”符合語境，故選A。第三部分：語言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題：每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。GardeningchangedhowIseemyselfasadisabledwoman.WhenIstartedgardeningin2018,Ididn’tknowanythingaboutplants,letalonehowtogrowthingswecan____21____.Ithoughtgardeningrequiredalotof____22____tasks.AsIhaveageneticconditionthatcausesmybonesto____23____easily,Ididn’tbelieveIcouldcompletethem.Thethoughtoftakingcareofplantsinawheelchaireverydaymademefeel____24____.ButjustlikehowIgraduallylearnteverythingelseasadisabledperson,Ihadto____25____howtogardenmyway.Thatfirstseason,IvisitedmygardenasmuchasIcould.Noticingmyinterestingardening,myneighborsinthecommunity____26____offeredmeadviceandsupport.Undertheircareful____27____,Imanagedtopulluptheweedsandwateredmyplantsonmyown.Finally,Iwasso____28____toeatthetomatoesIgrewandevensharedsomemoreproduceswithneighbors.Gardeninghas____29____howIseeotherpartsofmylife.Asadisabledwoman,Ifearbeingseenasa____30____andstruggletoaskforthethingsIneed.Gardeninghelpedme____31____thefactthatIhaveneeds.Idon’tthinkmyplantisaheavyloadbecauseitneedsmorenutrition.Idon’t____32____itforgettinginsectsandnotbeingabletofightagainstthem.Gardeningalsohelpedme____33____mysocialcircleandgrowclosertopeopleinourcommunity.Overtheyears,gardeninghasmademefeelmore____34____ineveryaspectofmylife.I’mplantingwhatIwanttogrow,andIhavegainedalotof____35____fromthat.21.A.enjoy B.deliver C.eat D.donate22.A.simple B.physical C.pleasant D.urgent23.A.change B.rest C.break D.move24.A.anxious B.expectant C.motivated D.bored25.A.lookover B.showoff C.bringback D.figureout26.A.suddenly B.readily C.hesitantly D.casually27.A.observation B.check C.discussion D.guidance28.A.willing B.well-meaning C.proud D.unexpected29.A.impacted B.ruined C.controlled D.recorded30.A.failure B.focus C.burden D.threat31.A.normalize B.challenge C.tune D.entitle32.A.appreciate B.fault C.challenge D.forgive33.A.establish B.expand C.highlight D.expose34.A.flexible B.responsible C.potential D.confident35.A.justice B.access C.weight D.power【語篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。這篇文章講述了作者作為一個(gè)殘疾女性在園藝方面的經(jīng)歷。她一開始覺得園藝需要許多費(fèi)力的任務(wù)，因?yàn)樗羞z傳疾病導(dǎo)致骨骼易碎，所以她認(rèn)為自己無法完成這些任務(wù)。但是經(jīng)過自己努力和鄰居的幫助，她成功地種植了蔬菜，并且園藝讓她改變了對自己的看法，并且?guī)椭幼孕藕屯貙捝缃蝗??！即鸢浮?1.C22.B23.C24.A25.D26.B27.D28.C29.A30.C31.A32.B33.B34.D35.D【21題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)我在2018年開始園藝時(shí)，我對植物一無所知，更不用說如何種植我們可以吃的東西了。A.enjoy享受；B.deliver送；C.eat吃；D.donate捐贈(zèng)。根據(jù)下文“toeatthetomatoesIgrewandevensharedsomemoreproduceswithneighbors”指種植可以吃的作物，故選C?！?2題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我認(rèn)為園藝需要很多體力勞動(dòng)。A.simple簡單的；B.physical身體的；C.pleasant愉快的；D.urgent緊急的。根據(jù)“gardening”以及后文的“Ididn’tbelieveIcouldcompletethem.”可知，作者有遺傳性疾病，認(rèn)為自己不能完成園藝，因?yàn)樽髡哒J(rèn)為園藝需要很多體力勞動(dòng)。故選B?！?3題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：由于我有一種遺傳疾病，導(dǎo)致我的骨頭容易骨折，我不相信我能完成它們。A.change改變；B.rest休息；C.break破損；D.move移動(dòng)。根據(jù)“AsIhaveagenetic(遺傳的)condition”可知，作者有著天生的一種遺傳疾病，導(dǎo)致骨頭容易骨折。故選C?！?4題詳析】考