減溫減壓器調(diào)節(jié)閥介紹

中國石油成都100萬噸/年乙烯項(xiàng)目技術(shù)交流

－CCI在乙烯項(xiàng)目上的典型工況解決方案

乙烯項(xiàng)目上的嚴(yán)酷工礦■高噪音,汽蝕工況解決方案-----------------蒸汽放空鍋爐給水■閃蒸-------------------------------------------鍋爐排污閥■防喘振-------------------------------------------壓縮機(jī)■減溫減壓器-------------------------------------裂解及分離部分2024/3/14?2002.CCI–ControlComponentsInc.CCIistheValveDoctor?.Allrightsreserved.3ISA/IEC手冊該手冊規(guī)定了調(diào)節(jié)閥設(shè)計(jì)，尺寸及選型必須達(dá)到的最低要求并提供了控制閥的基本規(guī)范及標(biāo)準(zhǔn)該手冊闡述了流速對閥門的破壞,及對流速的控制要求2024/3/14?2002.CCI–ControlComponentsInc.CCIistheValveDoctor?.Allrightsreserved.4ISA手冊:閥芯處的速度控制要求

嚴(yán)酷工況氣體/蒸汽的速度頭液體的流速kPam/s連續(xù)的單項(xiàng)流體48030氣蝕或多項(xiàng)流體27523振動非常敏感的地方7512間歇工況1030-KE=

V22gc2024/3/14?2002.CCI–ControlComponentsInc.CCIistheValveDoctor?.Allrightsreserved.5對于管道的速度(能量)要求可接受的能量限制氣體/蒸汽可接受的速度限制液體/水kPa米/秒主管線53閥芯480302024/3/14?2002.CCI–ControlComponentsInc.CCIistheValveDoctor?.Allrightsreserved.6嚴(yán)酷工況伴隨的特征高溫/高壓氣蝕閃蒸噪音間隙流熱應(yīng)力維護(hù)成本高定期維護(hù)2024/3/14?2002.CCI–ControlComponentsInc.CCIistheValveDoctor?.Allrightsreserved.7速度控制閥原理-能量守恒P2P1VVP1P2縮流處流向2024/3/14?2002.CCI–ControlComponentsInc.CCIistheValveDoctor?.Allrightsreserved.8速度控制原理單級壓降DP=P1-P22024/3/14?2002.CCI–ControlComponentsInc.CCIistheValveDoctor?.Allrightsreserved.9速度控制原理多級壓降2024/3/14?2002.CCI–ControlComponentsInc.CCIistheValveDoctor?.Allrightsreserved.10CCI在1961年首先發(fā)明了第一臺迷宮閥并注冊商標(biāo)DRAG

DRAG速度控制原理單級減壓

Singlestagepressurereduction多級減壓

Multistagepressurereduction多通道多級盤片

MultipathmultistagediskDRAG盤片組合

DRAG?diskstack2024/3/14?2002.CCI–ControlComponentsInc.CCIistheValveDoctor?.Allrightsreserved.11DRAG速度控制原理2024/3/14?2002.CCI–ControlComponentsInc.CCIistheValveDoctor?.Allrightsreserved.12DRAG控制閥-解決氣蝕問題根據(jù)壓降決定迷宮的級數(shù)限制閥芯的流速在規(guī)定范圍內(nèi),從源頭上消除氣蝕的危害級數(shù)ΔP,公斤3497159283米/秒米/秒米/秒米/秒147791011353315267894<304558778<30<30374912<30<30<303416<30<30<30<30假定常溫水2024/3/14?2002.CCI–ControlComponentsInc.CCIistheValveDoctor?.Allrightsreserved.13DRAG控制閥應(yīng)用:鍋爐給水及小流量除氧器小流量循環(huán)閥給水調(diào)節(jié)閥鍋爐省煤器鍋爐給水泵2024/3/14?2002.CCI–ControlComponentsInc.CCIistheValveDoctor?.Allrightsreserved.14Boilerfeedwaterpump2024/3/14?2002.CCI–ControlComponentsInc.CCIistheValveDoctor?.Allrightsreserved.15鍋爐給水及小流量工況要求鍋爐給水泵?能夠?qū)?00公斤以上的壓力直接下降到大氣壓力,同時(shí)解決以下問題

–閃蒸沖刷閥芯–氣蝕–機(jī)械振動?保持長時(shí)間關(guān)閉不漏,防止拉絲現(xiàn)象?能夠自動連續(xù)調(diào)節(jié),故障打開,選擇閥門時(shí)考慮以下參數(shù)

–最高流量–最大壓差–進(jìn)出口壓力–給水溫度2024/3/14?2002.CCI–ControlComponentsInc.CCIistheValveDoctor?.Allrightsreserved.16鍋爐給水及小流量閥門特點(diǎn)2024/3/14?2002.CCI–ControlComponentsInc.CCIistheValveDoctor?.Allrightsreserved.172024/3/14?2002.CCI–ControlComponentsInc.CCIistheValveDoctor?.Allrightsreserved.18鍋爐給水小流量閥門特性01020304050607080901000102030405060708090100%Flow%StrokeModifiedLinearLinearModifiedEqual%2024/3/14?2002.CCI–ControlComponentsInc.CCIistheValveDoctor?.Allrightsreserved.19小流量閥門其它廠家解決辦法2024/3/14?2002.CCI–ControlComponentsInc.CCIistheValveDoctor?.Allrightsreserved.20Durationperday(hr)Soundlevel,dB(A)slowresponse89069249539721001?1021105?110?orless115OSHA’spermissiblepersonnelnoiseexposure&timelevelsforhearingconservationOSHAnoiseexposurelimits2024/3/14?2002.CCI–ControlComponentsInc.CCIistheValveDoctor?.Allrightsreserved.21IEC標(biāo)準(zhǔn)概括了計(jì)算閥門噪音的五個(gè)步驟1.確定物體在縮流處的能量

2.轉(zhuǎn)換成閥門出口處的噪音能

3.確定流動物流中的聲壓

4.確定管壁外權(quán)衡的聲壓強(qiáng)度

5.將聲壓強(qiáng)度換算成標(biāo)準(zhǔn)地點(diǎn)的聲壓2024/3/14?2002.CCI–ControlComponentsInc.CCIistheValveDoctor?.Allrightsreserved.22第一步:物流在縮點(diǎn)處的能量能夠轉(zhuǎn)換成噪音的物流能量就是縮點(diǎn)處質(zhì)量流量的動能:利用熱力學(xué)第一定律的能量方程式可以計(jì)算出縮點(diǎn)處的速度2024/3/14?2002.CCI–ControlComponentsInc.CCIistheValveDoctor?.Allrightsreserved.23迷宮閥對噪音的控制-消耗流體的動能2024/3/14?2002.CCI–ControlComponentsInc.CCIistheValveDoctor?.Allrightsreserved.24多少級迷宮能夠控制閥芯的能量在480Kpa以下壓差公斤1級kPa3級kPaISA規(guī)定kPa需要的級數(shù)351240825480870226015004801414043002900480242758360560048032介質(zhì)為天然氣,出口壓力=700kPa2024/3/14?2002.CCI–ControlComponentsInc.CCIistheValveDoctor?.Allrightsreserved.25CCIleadsnoisepredictionstandards2024/3/14?2002.CCI–ControlComponentsInc.CCIistheValveDoctor?.Allrightsreserved.26解決噪音的另外一種方法2024/3/14?2002.CCI–ControlComponentsInc.CCIistheValveDoctor?.Allrightsreserved.27其它廠家對于噪音的最好解決方法2024/3/14?2002.CCI–ControlComponentsInc.CCIistheValveDoctor?.Allrightsreserved.28CCI的選型計(jì)算依據(jù)在天津乙烯混溫閥的計(jì)算資料2024/3/14?2002.CCI–ControlComponentsInc.CCIistheValveDoctor?.Allrightsreserved.29

ISA關(guān)于噪音的計(jì)算2024/3/14?2002.CCI–ControlComponentsInc.CCIistheValveDoctor?.Allrightsreserved.30

ISA關(guān)于噪音的計(jì)算2024/3/14?2002.CCI–ControlComponentsInc.CCIistheValveDoctor?.Allrightsreserved.31CCI蒸汽放空閥等高噪音工況的閥門特點(diǎn)2024/3/14?2002.CCI–ControlComponentsInc.CCIistheValveDoctor?.Allrightsreserved.32CCI在內(nèi)蒙聯(lián)合化工裝置使用30年的迷宮防喘振閥2024/3/14?2002.CCI–ControlComponentsInc.CCIistheValveDoctor?.Allrightsreserved.33聲路處理的方式控制噪音2024/3/14?2002.CCI–ControlComponentsInc.CCIistheValveDoctor?.Allrightsreserved.34CCI調(diào)節(jié)閥在鍋爐排污工況的調(diào)節(jié)閥VDAAB3702024/3/14?2002.CCI–ControlComponentsInc.CCIistheValveDoctor?.Allrightsreserved.35乙烯裝置防喘振調(diào)節(jié)閥迅速打開,打開時(shí)間小于2秒對于正常調(diào)節(jié)時(shí)有時(shí)要求1秒

閥門要有足夠的額定流通能力非常高的可靠行無超調(diào),遲滯小故障打開無手輪無振動線性或雙線性長期保持金屬五級密封2024/3/14?2002.CCI–ControlComponentsInc.CCIistheValveDoctor?.Allrightsreserved.36乙烯裝置防喘振調(diào)節(jié)閥壓縮機(jī)轉(zhuǎn)速設(shè)定在效率最高的值上，正常運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)時(shí)其轉(zhuǎn)速是不可調(diào)的,通過防喘振閥調(diào)整負(fù)荷防喘振閥由獨(dú)立的喘振控制系統(tǒng)控制,其反應(yīng)速度要求非常快,可靠性高,風(fēng)險(xiǎn)小該閥應(yīng)快速準(zhǔn)確打開打開太快將會造成能源的無謂浪費(fèi)可使回路操作更接近喘振控制線喘振控制器設(shè)定點(diǎn)更接近喘振限

提高壓縮機(jī)/工藝的效率和節(jié)約能源只有在實(shí)際流量或工作點(diǎn)速度接近喘振限時(shí)，防喘振閥門才打開，一旦流量恢復(fù)至安全值，閥門繼續(xù)正常工作2024/3/14?2002.CCI–ControlComponentsInc.CCIistheValveDoctor?.Allrightsreserved.37CCI同CCC公司有30多年的合作閥門執(zhí)行機(jī)構(gòu)

-閥門開啟時(shí)間應(yīng)小于等于2秒

-應(yīng)選用可靠的閥門定位器,Cv值要大一些的定位器

-建議不使用快速泄放閥,用放大器替代.閥門計(jì)算

-閥門應(yīng)選用線性特性

-Cv選用應(yīng)為操作曲線和喘振限制線最大值的1.8-2.2倍2024/3/14?2002.CCI–ControlComponentsInc.CCIistheValveDoctor?.Allrightsreserved.38CCI防喘振閥門結(jié)構(gòu)2024/3/14?2002.CCI–ControlComponentsInc.CCIistheValveDoctor?.Allrightsreserved.39CCI防喘振閥門的技術(shù)演變2024/3/14?2002.CCI–ControlComponentsInc.CCIistheValveDoctor?.Allrightsreserved.40CCI防喘振閥門的技術(shù)演變-傳統(tǒng)的氣路圖附件清單推進(jìn)器10(帶紅色方框)快速泄放閥

5(帶藍(lán)色方框)電磁閥1(編號39)保位閥2(編號31,44)總計(jì)182024/3/14?2002.CCI–ControlComponentsInc.CCIistheValveDoctor?.Allrightsreserved.41

CCI防喘振閥門的技術(shù)演變--QuickTrak?2024/3/14?2002.CCI–ControlComponentsInc.CCIistheValveDoctor?.Allrightsreserved.42Keycomponents2/2EncoderStepMotorPressureSensorsSpoolValveProbe3WayValve2024/3/14?2002.CCI–ControlComponentsInc.CCIistheValveDoctor?.Allrightsreserved.43CCI防喘振控制性能比較OverstroketypicaNooverstrokeConventional

pneumaticsQuickTrak?

2024/3/14?2002.CCI–ControlComponentsInc.CCIistheValveDoctor?.Allrightsreserved.44CCI防喘振控制性能比較ValveperformancecharacteristicsPneumaticpistonwith

positioner&accessoriesPneumaticpistonwith

QuickTrak?*Deadtimeonseat>300millisecond<150millisecondHysteresisHighfriction<2%<1%Lowfriction<1%<0.5%Resolution&

deadbandHighfriction<2%<0.5%Lowfriction<1%<0.25%*Resolution&hysteresischaracteristicsmaybelimitedbyvalve/actuatorcombination.Consultfactoryfordetails2024/3/14?2002.CCI–ControlComponentsInc.CCIistheValveDoctor?.Allrightsreserved.45CCI防喘振控制性能比較2024/3/14?2002.CCI–ControlComponentsInc.CCIistheValveDoctor?.Allrightsreserved.46QuickTrak?(2availablesizes:Cv22&Cv7)

2024/3/14?2002.CCI–ControlComponentsInc.CCIistheValveDoctor?.Allrightsreserved.47ZoomLocalPanelRemotecontrolbyRS232,HARTprotocolRemotecontrolbyHARTprotocolThisdevicehastobeequippedwiththeQTHARTDeviceDescriptionfilefreedownloadablefromthewebsiteoftheHARTfoundation.ThisHARTdeviceisoutofQTSystemsupply

HARTDeviceQTControllerLocalControlScenario2024/3/14?2002.CCI–ControlComponentsInc.CCIistheValveDoctor?.Allrightsreserved.48QuickTrak?projects-WoodsideLNG30X42寸ANSI300角閥2024/3/14?2002.CCI–ControlComponentsInc.CCIistheValveDoctor?.Allrightsreserved.49減溫減壓器2024/3/14?2002.CCI–ControlComponentsInc.CCIistheValveDoctor?.Allrightsreserved.51BTG/CCI霧化效果熱應(yīng)力噪音2024/3/14?2002.CCI–ControlComponentsInc.CCIistheValveDoctor?.Allrightsreserved.55CCIValveTechnology2024/3/14?2002.CCI–ControlComponentsInc.CCIistheValveDoctor?.Allrightsreserved.564VLB-250readyfordeliverytoDesalinationPlantUmmAlNaar,UnitedArabEmirates2024/3/14?2002.CCI–ControlComponentsInc.CCIistheValveDoctor?.Allrightsreserved.57

減溫基本原理減溫水經(jīng)過噴嘴后噴出分散成不同尺寸的水滴（初級霧化）水滴在蒸汽中，因蒸汽流動產(chǎn)生的空氣動力大于水分子的表面張力，水滴被進(jìn)一步擊碎，形成水霧（二級霧化）水霧懸浮分散在過熱蒸汽中，吸收熱量，達(dá)到沸點(diǎn)經(jīng)過一段時(shí)間，水霧蒸發(fā)，從而蒸汽溫度降低2024/3/14?2002.CCI–ControlComponentsInc.CCIistheValveDoctor?.Allrightsreserved.581mm–20mm塵霧20mm–250mm薄霧250mm–500mm毛毛雨>500mm雨水滴尺寸試驗(yàn)證明要蒸發(fā)20μ的水滴大約需要0.01秒，而要蒸發(fā)相同溫度下200μ的水滴則需要1秒。水滴尺寸與蒸發(fā)時(shí)間大約成平方關(guān)系。VLB2024/3/14?2002.CCI–ControlComponentsInc.CCIistheValveDoctor?.Allrightsreserved.60彈簧背壓式噴嘴2024/3/14?2002.CCI–ControlComponentsInc.CCIistheValveDoctor?.Allrightsreserved.61噴嘴噴流型式比較(高速攝影)噴霧嘴旋轉(zhuǎn)噴嘴彈性噴嘴2024/3/14?2002.CCI–ControlComponentsInc.CCIistheValveDoctor?.Allrightsreserved.62彈簧背壓式噴嘴2024/3/14?2002.CCI–ControlComponentsInc.CCIistheValveDoctor?.Allrightsreserved.63彈簧背壓噴嘴Size1?”1”?”Cvvalue11.27.71.6CrackingpressPsi255050Fullopenpresspsi200500450Dropletsizeum

<60<60<602024/3/14?2002.CCI–ControlComponentsInc.CCIistheValveDoctor?.Allrightsreserved.64彈簧背壓式噴嘴2024/3/14?2002.CCI–ControlComponentsInc.CCIistheValveDoctor?.Allrightsreserved.65彈簧背壓式噴嘴特點(diǎn)分析可調(diào)比高,達(dá)到200:1彈簧材料:用于汽輪機(jī)的葉片填料:石墨壓力可調(diào):可調(diào)范圍:1.5-8kg/cm2不會出現(xiàn)水滴.霧化范圍寬:成扇形面散開水滴大小均勻,水滴尺寸:20-250um,薄霧狀防止氣蝕,有背壓五級密封防堵,自清潔設(shè)計(jì)不需要單向截止閥維護(hù)簡單選型依據(jù)：流速及其它1.正常蒸汽速度控制在20～80m/s之間，最有利于水滴的蒸發(fā)。最小不要低于8米/秒,最大不要超過100米/秒.噪音要求低于85分貝執(zhí)行機(jī)構(gòu)帶手輪.泄漏等級:ANSIV級盡量不變徑給水閥非常重要,要求金屬密封5級.選型依據(jù)一：直管段長度及安裝2024/3/14?2002.CCI–ControlComponentsInc.CCIistheValveDoctor?.Allrightsreserved.68VLB早期產(chǎn)品螺栓螺母式閥蓋閥桿閥芯通過螺紋連接閥座靠套筒壓緊在閥體上，直接受到高速蒸汽的沖刷調(diào)節(jié)套筒通過墊圈上下固定，高溫下沒有收縮的余地多處填料密封，增加泄漏點(diǎn)SeatControlsleeve2024/3/14?2002.CCI–ControlComponentsInc.CCIistheValveDoctor?.Allrightsreserved.69減溫減壓器型號:VLB延長導(dǎo)向閥桿,帶隔離帽頂裝式，壓力自密封閥芯閥桿連接無銷釘一體鍛造流線型閥體(壁厚盡可能薄)彈性閥座(兩片)浮動減壓套筒只有兩個(gè)區(qū)域需要填料密封，大大減少了泄漏點(diǎn)盡可能薄的壁厚2024/3/14?2002.CCI–ControlComponentsInc.CCIistheValveDoctor?.Allrightsreserved.70PressureSealBonnetMaintainstightnessregardlessoftemperatureEasyremovalofTrimOnlytwoareasofpacking

(limitingleakpaths)Noneedtotorquebolts2024/3/14?2002.CCI–ControlComponentsInc.CCIistheValveDoctor?.Allrightsreserved.71CagePlugandSeatArrangementFlexibleseatforthermalshockExtendedGuidingAreaAnglePatternprovidingexpansionContractioninoneplane.2024/3/14?2002.CCI–ControlComponentsInc.CCIistheValveDoctor?.Allrightsreserved.72Thermalprotection熱隔離保護(hù)TheVSTFamily2024/3/14?2002.CCI–ControlComponentsInc.CCIistheValveDoctor?.Allrightsreserved.74VSTfamily–40yearsofsteamconditioningserviceSteamconVST-100/VST-110VSTVST-SE2024/3/14?2002.CCI–ControlComponentsInc.CCIistheValveDoctor?.Allrightsreserved.75PressureSealBonnetMaintainstightnessregardlessofthermaltransients.ForgedFullyMachinedBodyHandlesthermalfatiguecriticalforreliableservice.Two-pieceSeatSpecialtwopieceseatresistsdamagefromthermaltransients.SteamAtomizedDesuperheatingProvidessuperiordesuperheatingcapabilities.ProtectedSeatDesignThrottlinghappensacrossthecageholesintheinletcageplugandthereforetheseatisprotectedfromhighvelocitysteam.LowFlowSteamAtomizingChannelAllowsforahighturndownwithrespecttodesuper-heatedsteamflowofgreaterthan50to1.Built-inWaterProportioningSystemUniquedesignmanagesflowandthermalTransients.TopEntryDesignIn-linerepairableforeaseofinspectionandmaintenance.2024/3/14?2002.CCI–ControlComponentsInc.CCIistheValveDoctor?.Allrightsreserved.76VST-SE2024/3/14?2002.CCI–ControlComponentsInc.CCIistheValveDoctor?.Allrightsreserved.77VST-SE

15%open2024/3/14?2002.CCI–ControlComponentsInc.CCIistheValveDoctor?.Allrightsreserved.78VST-SE

50%open2024/3/14?2002.CCI–ControlComponentsInc.CCIistheValveDoctor?.Allrightsreserved.79VST-SE

100%open2024/3/14?2002.CCI–ControlComponentsInc.CCIistheValveDoctor?.Allrightsreserved.80StemandPlug–VST-SE2024/3/14?2002.CCI–ControlComponentsInc.CCIistheValveDoctor?.Allrightsreserved.81ThesolutionThermalshockForgedfullymac