高中英語時態(tài)講解

時態(tài)講解時態(tài)〔1〕一般現(xiàn)在時〔2〕一般過去時〔3〕一般將來時〔4〕現(xiàn)在進行時〔5〕過去進行時〔6〕現(xiàn)在完成時am(isare)/do/doeswas/were/didwilldo/willbeam(is,are)doingwas(were)doinghave/hasdone28.PaulandI_____tennisyesterday.HedidmuchbetterthanI.A.play

B.willplay

C.played

D.areplaying29.Where’sTom?Hismother____himnow.A.islookingfor

B.willlookfor

C.Haslookedfor

D.looksfor31.Myauntisawriter.She____morethantenbookssince1980.A.writes

B.wrote

C.haswritten

D.willwrite32.---Whatwereyoudoingthistimeyesterday?---I____onthegrassanddrawingapicture.sit

B.sat

C.amsitting

D.wassitting33.Iwillsendyouane-mailassoonasI_____inCanada.arriveB.arrivedC.amarrivingD.willarrive34.Manyaccidents______bycarelessdriverslastyear.A.arecausedB.werecausedC.havecausedD.willcause27.---Thatmusthavebeenalongtrip.---Yeah,it____usawholeweektogetthere.A.takes

B.hastaken

C.took

D.wastaking32.---BobhasgonetoCalifornia.----Oh,canyoutellmewhenhe_____?A.hasleft

B.left

C.isleaving

D.wouldleave時態(tài)〔1〕一般現(xiàn)在時〔2〕一般過去時〔3〕一般將來時〔4〕現(xiàn)在進行時〔5〕過去進行時〔6〕現(xiàn)在完成時〔7〕過去將來時*〔8〕過去完成時*〔9〕將來進行/完成(進行)時*〔10〕現(xiàn)在/過去完成進行時*am(isare)/do/doeswas/were/didwilldo/willbeam(is,are)doingwas(were)doingwoulddo/wouldbewillbedoing/havedoneWillhavebeendoing

have/hasdonehaddonehave/has/hadbeendoing時間現(xiàn)在過去那時所預見的情況7、過去將來時一、根本概念：過去將來時表示從過去的某一時間看將要發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)。它是一個相對的時態(tài)，即立足于過去某時，從過去的某一時間看即將發(fā)生的事情就要用這一時態(tài)。1)Hesaidhismotherwouldbuyabikeforhim.2)Mybrothertoldmehewouldn’tbelieveJackanymore.二、根本形式：would／should＋動詞原形〔其中would用于各種人稱，should常用于第一人稱〕。例如：Theyweresuretheywouldwinthefinalvictory．他們堅信會贏得最后勝利。Hedidn'texpectthatweshould〔would〕allbethere．他沒想到我們都在那里。上述兩個例句中的賓語從句謂語wouldwin和should〔would〕be分別與其主句謂語weresure和didn'texpect相對應。三、過去將來時的一些其它表達形式：1．was／were＋goingto＋動詞原形Hesaidhewasgoingtotry．他說他準備試試。2．was／were＋to＋動詞原形TheysaidtherailwaywastobeopenedtotrafficonMayDay．他們說這條鐵路將在五一節(jié)通車。3．was／wereabout＋動詞原形Wewereabouttogooutwhenitbegantorain．我們正要出去天〔突然〕下起雨來。4．過去進行時〔一般多為動作概念較強的動詞，如go，come，leave，start，open，begin等〕也可用于表示將來。Ididn'tknowwhentheywerecomingagain．我不知道他們什么時候再來。8、過去完成時的用法1、概念：表示過去的過去。-----------|----------------|--------------------|---->那時以前那時現(xiàn)在

其結構是：had+過去分詞2、過去完成時的用法：〔1〕過去完成時表示過去某一時刻或者某一動作之前完成的動作或狀態(tài)；句中常用by,before,until,when等詞引導的時間狀語。Bytheendoflastyearwehadbuiltfivenewhouses.Ihadlearnt5000wordsbeforeIenteredtheuniversity.〔2〕過去完成時的動詞還可以表示過去某一時刻之前發(fā)生的動作或者狀態(tài)持續(xù)到過去某個時間或者持續(xù)下去。Beforeheslept,hehadworkedfor12hours.注〕表示意向的動詞，如hope,wish,expect,think,intend,mean,suppose等，用過去完成時表示"原本…，未能…"Wehadhopedthatyouwouldcome,butyoudidn't.1.Theoldman_____twodaysafterhehadbeensenttohospital.

A.diedB.woulddieC.haddiedD.hasdied

2.OldMcDonaldgaveupsmokingforawhile,butsoon______tohisoldways.

A.returnedB.returnsC.wasreturningD.hadreturned

3.I____myson____adoctor,buthewasn’tgoodenoughatscience.

A.hoped;wouldbecome B.hadhoped;wouldbecome

C.hadhoped;willbecome D.hope;willbecome

4.I_____totakeagoodholidaythisyear,butIwasn’tabletogetaway.

A.hopeB.havehoped C.hadhopedD.hoped

5.Helen_____herkeyintheofficesoshehadtowaituntilherhusband_____home.A.hasleft;comes B.left;hadcomeC.hadleft;came D.hadleft;wouldcome

9、將來進行時其結構是：willbedoing〔1〕將來進行時概念：表示將來某時進行的狀態(tài)或動作，或按預測將來會發(fā)生的事情。She'llbecomingsoon.I'llbemeetinghimsometimeinthefuture.〔2〕

將來進行時的用法：a)表示在將來某一時刻或某段時間正在進行的動作。如：ThistimetomorrowIshallbeflyingtoGuangzhou.明天這個時候我將在飛往廣州的途中。Whatwillyoubedoingateighttomorrowmorning?明天上午八點鐘你將做什么?Ihopeyouwon'tbefeelingtootired.我希望你不要太累。We'llbewatchingtelevisionallevening.我們整個晚上都將看電視。b)表示將來被客觀情況所決定的動作或者按照安排將要發(fā)生的動作。如：We'llbehavingteaafterdinnerasusual.像通常一樣，我們晚飯后將要喝茶。Theleaveswillbefallingsoon.樹葉很快就會脫落。Weshallbehavingameetingtomorrowmorning.我們明天要開一個會。I’llbetakingmyholidayssoon.我不久即將度假。注意：將來進行時不用于表示"意志"，不能說I'llbehavingatalkwithher.〔3〕將來進行時常用的時間狀語:soon,tomorrow,thisevening，onSunday,bythistime，tomorrow,intwodays,tomorrowevening等。Bythistimetomorrow,I'llbelyingonthebeach.10、現(xiàn)在完成進行時其結構是：have(has)beendoig1)表示動作從過去某一時間開始一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在?，F(xiàn)在這個動作可能已經終止，也可能仍然在進行著。如：Ihavebeenwaitingforyoufortwohours.我等了你兩個小時。(動作不再延續(xù)下去)Ithasbeenrainingforthreehours.雨已經下了三個小時了。(動作可能延續(xù))“HowlonghaveyoubeenlearningEnglish?”“IhavebeenlearningEnglishfortwoyears.”你英語學多久了?----我學了兩年了。(動作可能延續(xù))“Whyareyousodirty?”“I'vebeenplayingfootball.”你身上怎么這樣臟?----我剛剛踢足球了。(動作不再延續(xù)下去)2)有些不能用現(xiàn)在進行時態(tài)的動詞，如be，havelike，love，know，see，hear等，不能用現(xiàn)在完成進行時，只用現(xiàn)在完成時。Shehasbeenillforalongtime.她已經病了好久了。Ihavenotseenyouforages.我好久沒有見到你了。各種時態(tài)的被動語態(tài)1.一般現(xiàn)在時

2.一般過去時

3.一般將來時

4.現(xiàn)在進行時

5.過去進行時

6.現(xiàn)在完成時7.過去完成時8.過去將來時am/is/are+P.Pwas/were+P.Pwill+be+P.P

am/is/are+being+P.Pwas/were+being+P.Phave/has+been+P.Phadbeendonewouldbedone1.Hesteppedintotheoffice,____downandbegantofillintheforms.A.sittingB.tosit C.satD.havingit2.Shesaidshewouldtelephonebutwe_____fromhersofar.A.haven’theardB.didn’thear C.hadn’theardD.won’thear3.WhenIgottothecinema,thefilm____fortenminutes.A.hasbegunB.hadbegun C.hadbeenonD.was4.I’llgowithyouassoonasI____myhomework.A.willfinishB.finish C.amfinishingD.finished5.Ifit_____tomorrow,Iwon’tgotothecinema.A.willrainB.rains C.israiningD.rained6.Sheisgoingtobeanursewhenshe_____up.A.isgoingtogrowB.grows C.growingD.grew7.“這本書我已經買了三個月了?！?，以下哪一句不對？A.Ihavehadthisbookforthreemonths.B.Ihaveboughtthisbookforthreemonths.C.Iboughtthisbookthreemonthsago.D.ItisthreemonthssinceIboughtthisbook.8.—Comein,Peter,Iwanttoshowyousomething.—Oh,howniceofyou!I_____you_____tobringmeagift.A.neverthink;aregoing B.neverthought;weregoingC.didn’tthink;weregoing D.had’tthought;weregoing9.WhenIwasatcollegeI_____threeforeignlanguages,butI_____allexceptforafewwordsofeach.A.spoke;hadforgotten B.spoke;haveforgottenC.hadspoken;hadforgotten D.hadspoken;haveforgotten10.Thepolicefoundthatthehouse_____andalotofthings____.A.hasbrokeninto;hasbeenstolenB.hadbrokeninto;hadbeenstolenC.hasbeenbrokeninto;stolenD.hadbeenbrokeninto;stolen11.Thevolleyballmatchwillbeputoffifit____.A.willrainB.rains C.rainedD.israining12.Mary_____adresswhenshecutherfinger.A.madeB.ismaking C.wasmakingD.makes13.Thestudents_____busilywhenMissBrownwenttogetabookshe_____intheoffice.A.hadwritten;left B.werewriting;hasleftC.hadwritten;hadleft D.werewriting;hadleft14.—Haveyoumovedintothenewhouse?—Noyet,therooms_____,A.arebeingpainted B.arepaintingC.arepainted D.arebeingpainting15.—Wehaven’theardfromJaneforalongtime.—Whatdoyousuppose____toher?A.washappening B.tohappenC.hashappened D.havinghappened16.—Doyouknowourtownatall?—No,thisisthefirsttimeI_____here.A.wasB.havebeen C.cameD.amcoming17.—Wecouldhavewalkedtothestation.Itwassonear.—Yes,Ataxi_____atallnecessary.A.wasn’tB.hadn’tbeen C.wouldn’tbeD.won’tbe18.Ifcitynoises_____fromincreasing,people_____shouttobeheardevenatthedinnertable20yearsfromnow.A.arenotkept;willhaveto B.arenotkept;havetoC.donotkeep;willhaveto D.donotkeep;haveto19.Tom_____intothehousewhennoone_____.A.slipped;waslooking B.hadslipped;lookedC.slipped;hadlooked D.wasslippping;looked20.ThelasttimeI_____Janeshe____cottoninthefields.A.hadseen;waspicking B.saw;pickingC.hadseen;picked D.saw;waspicking四、用法注意點：1．在時間和條件狀語從句中，常用一般過去時來表示過去將來時。例如：Hesaidhewouldcometoseeyouwhenhehadtime．他說他有時間就來看望你。2．“would＋動詞原形”可表示過去習慣性的動作。此時，不管什么人稱，都可用would。Whenhewasachildhewouldgetupearly．他年幼時，總是很早起床。

〔3〕在told,said,knew,heard,thought等動詞后的賓語從句。Shesaid(that)shehadneverbeentoParis.〔4〕在過去不同時間發(fā)生的兩個動作中，發(fā)生在先，用過去完成時；發(fā)生在后，用一般過去時。Whenthepolicearrived,thethieveshadrunaway.〔5〕表示意向的動詞，如hope,wish,expect,think,intend,mean,suppose等，用過去完成時表示"原本…，未能…"Wehadhopedthatyouwouldcome,butyoudidn't.(6)過去完成時的時間狀語before,by,until,when,after,once,assoonas。HesaidthathehadlearnedsomeEnglishbefore.Bythetimehewastwelve,hehadbegantomakealivingbyhimself.Tomwasdisappointedthatmostoftheguestshadleftwhenhearrivedattheparty.〔注〕表示意向的動詞，如hope,wish,expect,think,intend,mean,suppose等，用過去完成時表示"原本…，未能…"Wehadhopedthatyouwouldcome,butyoudidn't.怎樣區(qū)別現(xiàn)在完成時和現(xiàn)在完成進行時

現(xiàn)在完成進行時是一兼有現(xiàn)在完成時和現(xiàn)在進行時二者根本特點的時態(tài)。由于它有現(xiàn)在完成時的特點，所以它可以表示某一動作對現(xiàn)在產生的結果或影響。由于它有現(xiàn)在進行時的特點，所以它也可以表示某一動作的延續(xù)性、臨時性、重復性、生動性乃至感情色彩?，F(xiàn)在就現(xiàn)在完成進行時的這些特點和現(xiàn)在完成時作一簡單的比較：〔1〕現(xiàn)在完成進行時和現(xiàn)在完成時皆可表示動作對現(xiàn)在產生的結果，但前者所表示的結果是直接的，而后者所表示的那么是最后的結果。Wehavebeencleaningtheclassroom．〔a〕Wehavecleanedtheclassroom．〔b〕〔a〕句可譯為“我們清掃教室來著?！逼渲苯咏Y果可能是：我們身上都是灰?！瞓〕句可以譯為“我們把教室清掃過了?！逼浣Y果是：現(xiàn)在教室很清潔，可以用了。又，〔a〕句表示教室剛剛清掃過，〔b〕句那么可能表示教室是昨天清掃的。Becareful!Johnhasbeenpaintingthedoor．〔a〕Johnhaspaintedthedoor．〔b〕〔a〕句表示約翰剛剛把門油漆過，現(xiàn)在油漆還未干，所以你要小心?！瞓〕句那么無