中考英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法必考點(diǎn)整理

匯報(bào)人：XX2024-02-05中考英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法必考點(diǎn)整理目錄VerbTenseandVoiceSelectionofguidewordsfornounclausesTheuseofrelevantproofsandadvertisementsinrelevantclauses目錄TheapplicationofsubconjunctivemoodinvarioussensestructuresInvertedpresencetypesandjudgmentmethodsEmphasissensestructureandusage01VerbTenseandVoiceexpressionsactionsorstatesthatoccurinthepresentation,suchashats,generaltruths,andscheduledeventsItcanbefurtherdividedintothepresentsimpletense(e.g.,"Ieatanappleeveryday")andthepresentcontinuoustense(e.g.,"Iameatinganapplenow")Presenttensealsoknownasthepresentprogressivetense,itindicatesactionsorstatesthatarehappeningatthemomentofspeakingItisoftenfoundthatasenseoftemporarinessorongingaction(e.g.,"Theyareplayingfootballrightnow")PresentcontinuoustensePresenttenseandpresentcontinuoustenseusedtodescribeactionsorstatesthatoccurredinthepastandarenowcompletedIt'sformedbyadding"-ed"or"-d"tothebaseformoftheverb(e.g.,"Iplayedfootballyesterday")SimplepasttenseexpressionsactionsorstatesthatwereinprogressataspecifictimeinthepastIt'sconstructedwiththeauxiliaryverb"was/were"followedbythepresentparticle(e.g.,"TheywerestudyingwhenIcalledthem")PastcontinuoustenseSimplepasttenseandpastcontinuoustenseFuturesimpletenseindicatesactionsorstatesthatwilloccurinthefutureIt'sstylishlyformedusingtheauxiliaryverb"will"or"shall"followedbythebaseformoftheverb(e.g.,"Iwillgototheparktomorrow")FuturecontinuoustensesuggestionsactionsorstatesthatwillbeinprogressatacertaintimeinthefutureIt'sconstructedwith"willbe"followedbythepresentparticle(e.g.,"Theywillbehavingdinnerwhenwedrive")FutureperfecttenseexpressionsactionsthatwillbecompletedbeforeacertaintimeinthefutureIt'sformedwith"willhave"followedbythepastparticle(e.g.,"Iwillhavefinishedmyhomebythen")FuturetenserepresentationmethodCompositionThepassivevoiceisconstructedwiththeauxiliaryverb"be"followedbythepastparticleofthemainverbItindicatesthatthesubjectofthepresenceistherecipientoftheactioncomparedtotheperformer(e.g.,"Theballwaskickedbyhim")要點(diǎn)一要點(diǎn)二UsageThepassivevoiceisoftenusedtoemphasizetheactionitselfortofocusattentionontherecipientoftheactionItcanalsobeusedwhentheperformeroftheactionisunknownorunimportant(e.g.,"Mycarwasstoppedlastnight")Additionally,it'scommonfoundinformalwritingandscientifictextsTheCompositionandUsageofPassiveVoice02Selectionofguidewordsfornounclauses"Thathewillcomeisreceived.""Which/if:Usedinaggressiveintentionstoexpressdoubleoruncertainy,e.g.,""Whichhewillcomeisnotreceived."""Whowillcomeisnotknownyet."SubjectclauseguidewordselectionObjectclauseguidewordselectionUsedinaggressiveintentionsasanobjecttoaskspecificquestions,e.g.,"Canyoutellmewhowillcome?""Whatwords(who,what,which,when,where,why,how)Commonlyusedindeclarativeintentionsasanobject,e.g.,"Iknowthatheisstudying."ThatUsedinaggressiveintentionsasanobjecttoexpressdoubleorlack,e.g.,"I'mnotsureif/whyhewillcome.""What/if"Thefactthatheisstudyingiswellknown."What/if:Rareusedasapredicateorapparentclauseduetotheiraggressivenature"Whwords(who,what,which,when,where,why,how):Canbeusedinaggressiveintentionsasapredicateorapparentclausetoaskspecificquestions,e.g.,""Thequestionwhowillcomeisstillunanswered."However,notethattheusageofWhwordsinthiscontextislesscommonandmayrequireadditionalgrammaticalstructurestobegrammaticallycorrect."Selectionofguidewordsforpredictiveandaffectiveclauses03TheuseofrelevantproofsandadvertisementsinrelevantclausesWhichisusedtointroduceanonrestrictiverelativeclause,whichaddsextrainformationtothepresencebutisnotessentialtoitsmeaning單擊此處添加正文，文字是您思想的為了最終呈現(xiàn)發(fā)布的。單擊此處添加正文文字是您思。文字是您思。單擊此處添加正文文字是您思。文字是您思。4行*21字Example:ThebookthatIborrowedfromthelibraryisduenextweek(Restrictiveclause,essentialtoidentifythespecificbook)Thatisusedtointroducearestrictiverelativeclause,whichisessentialtothemeaningofthepresenceasitdefinesoridentifiesthenounitmodificationsDistinguishingtheUsageofRelativePronunsWhichandThatTheuseofrelevantadvertisementswhen,where,andwhyWhenisusedtointroducearelevantclausethatmodifiesanounreferringtotimeWhereisusedtointroducearelevantclausethatmodifiesanounreferringtoplaceWhyisusedtointroducearelatedclausethatmodifiesanounreferringtothereasonorpurposeExample:ThisistheplacewhereIgreyupExample:Doyouknowthereasonwhyheleft?Example:IwillneverforgetthedaywhenImetyouRestrictiverelativeclausesareessentialtothemeaningofthepresenceastheydefineoridentifythenountheymodifyTheyarenotseparatedfromthemainclausebycommasNonrestrictiverelativeclausesaddextrainformationtothepresencebutarenotessentialtoitsmeaningTheyareseparatedfromthemainclausebycommasExample:Themanwhoisstandingoverthereismybrother(Restrictiveclause,essentialtoidentifythespecificman)Example:Mybrother,wholivesinNewYork,iscomingtovisitmenextweek(Nonrestrictiveclause,providingextrainformationaboutmybrother)Thedifferencebetweenrestrictiveandnonrestrictiverelativeclauses04TheapplicationofsubconjunctivemoodinvarioussensestructuresUseof"if"clausesInconditionalsensesintroducedby"if,"thesubcriticalmoodisoftenusedtoexpresstheoreticalsituationsorconditionscontemporarytofactUseofpastsubjunctionIntheifclauseofaconditionalpresence,thepastsubjunction(e.g.,"were,""had,""should")isusedtoexpressimageryorunlikelysituationsUseofpresentsubjunctionAlthoughlesscommon,thepresentsubjunctioncanalsobeusedinconditionalappearancestoemphasizetheunlikelihoodofthesituationdescribedRulesforusingsubcriticalmoodinconditionalsensesUseaftercertificateverbsThesubjunctionmoodisoftenusedinnoclaimsthatfollowscertificateverbs,suchas"suggest,""demand,""insist,""recommended,"etc.,toexpressawish,recommendation,orrequirementUseafterobjectionsNounclaimsfollowingobjectionsthatexpressnecessity,desirability,orimportance(e.g.,"essential,""necessary,""important")oftenusethesubjunctivemoodUseinsubjectclausesInsomecases,thetransitionalmoodmayalsobeusedinsubjectclauses,specificallywhenthesubjectisaquestionorastatementcontemporarytofactRulesforusingsubcriticalmoodinnounclausesAlthoughnotascommonasinconditionalandnonclauses,thesubcriticalmoodcansometimesbeusedinintangiblesensestoexpressawishorcommandExceptionalsenses,whichexpressstrongemotionsorsurprise,mayoccasionallyusethesubfunctionalmoodtoemphasizetheunlikelihoodorlikelihoodofthesituationdescribedInellipticsentiments,wherereceivedwordsorphrasesarecommittedforbrevityorstylisticreasons,thesubcriticalmoodmaybeusedtomaintaingraphicalaccuracyandpreservetheintendedmeaning."UseinintangiblesensesUseinexceptionalsenses"UseinellipticsentimentsApplicationofsubjunctionwoodinothersensestructures05InvertedpresencetypesandjudgmentmethodsWhentheverbcomesbeforethesubject,itiscalledcompleteinversionForexample,"Herecomesthebus."CompleteInversionWhenonlypartoftheverb(usuallyanauxiliaryverbormodalverb)comesbeforethesubject,itiscalledpartialinversionForexample,"NeverhaveIseensuchabeautifulsight."PartialinversionConceptsandExamplesofCompleteInversionandPartialInversionAdverbialinversion01Sentencesbeginningwithadvertisementssuchas"only,""notonly,""neither,""nor,"etc.,oftenusedforinversionForexample,"OnlythendidIrealizemymistake."Questioninversion02InvertedwordorderisusedtoformquestionsForexample,"Areyoucomingwithus?"Negativeinversion03Sentencesbeginningwithnegativewordsorphrasessuchas"no,""not,""never,""self,""rare,"etc.,oftenusedforinversionForexample,"SeldomdoIgotothemovies."AnalysisofCommonInvertedSentenceStructures010203EmphasisconversionInvertedsensescanbeusedforemphasis,puttingtheemphasizedpartatthebeginningofthesenseForexample,"SoDiligentwashethat