2023-2024學(xué)年河南省開封市高二上五縣聯(lián)考第一次月考英語試題(（解析版）)

高級中學(xué)名校試卷PAGEPAGE1河南省開封市2023-2024學(xué)年高二上五縣聯(lián)考第一次月考英語試題第Ⅰ卷(選擇題)第一部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個選項A、B、C、D中，選出最佳選項。(共15小題;每小題2.5分,滿分37.5分)ATheAdmissiontoUniversityofFloridaThegeneralrequirementsbelowapplytoundergraduateadmissiontoanycollegeordivisionoftheuniversity.Pleaseunderstandtheadmissiontotheuniversityisselective.Onlyminimumrequirementsforadmissionareprovided;satisfactionoftheseminimumsdoesnotguaranteeadmission.·OnlineapplicationforadmissionreceivedbytheOfficeofAdmissionsbythedeadline.·Asatisfactoryacademicrecord.Applicantsmustprovideacompleterecordofschoolswhichtheyattended.Failuretodeclareattendanceatanotherschoolcouldinvalidate(使無效)anofferofadmissionandanycreditordegreeearned.·Satisfactoryscoresonachievementornaturalabilitytests;theSAT,ACTorTOEFL.·Applicantsmustidentifyapreferredtermofenrollment(注冊)ontheirapplication.Theapplicationmaybeconsideredandtheadmissionmaybeofferedtotermsotherthanthepreferredtermspecifiedontheapplication.ApplicantswhowishtochangetheirtermofentryshouldcontacttheOfficeofAdmissionsimmediately.·Accesstoandongoinguseofacomputerisrequiredofallstudents.Theuniversityexpectsnewstudentsandcontinuingstudentstoacquirecomputerhardwareandsoftwareappropriatetothedegreeprogram.ANoticeofAdmissionWhenanapplicationforadmissionisapproved,theuniversitywillsendanoticeofadmissionfordspecificterm.Ifthestudentisunabletoenrollforthetermindicatedorwishestobeconsideredforentrancetoadifferentterm,theOfficeofAdmissionsshouldbeinformedimmediately.1.Whathavetobeincludedintheapplication?A.Theapplicants’educationexperiences. B.ThecommentsonUniversityofFlorida.C.Thepreparationsfornaturalabilitytests. D.Theminimumrequirementsforadmission.2.Whatcantheapplicantsdowhenapplyingfortheadmission?A.Returntheircomputers. B.Changethetermofenrollment.C.Guaranteethesatisfaction. D.Designanoticeofadmission.3.Inwhichsectionofanewspapercanyoureadthetext?A.Technology. B.Geography. C.Education. D.Entertainment.【語篇解讀】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章是一則佛羅里達(dá)大學(xué)的錄取要求。〖答案〗1.A2.B3.C1．〖解析〗細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Applicantsmustprovideacompleterecordofschoolswhichtheyattended.Failuretodeclareattendanceatanotherschoolcouldinvalidate(使無效)anofferofadmissionandanycreditordegreeearned.(申請人必須提供所就讀學(xué)校的完整記錄。未申報在另一所學(xué)校就讀的學(xué)生，將被取消錄取通知書，取消所獲得的學(xué)分或?qū)W位)”可知，申請中必須包括申請人的教育經(jīng)歷。故選A。2．〖解析〗細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段“ApplicantswhowishtochangetheirtermofentryshouldcontacttheOfficeofAdmissionsimmediately.(希望更改入學(xué)期限的申請人應(yīng)立即與招生辦公室聯(lián)系)”可知，申請人在申請入學(xué)時可以更改入學(xué)期限。故選B。3．〖解析〗推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Thegeneralrequirementsbelowapplytoundergraduateadmissiontoanycollegeordivisionoftheuniversity.Pleaseunderstandtheadmissiontotheuniversityisselective.Onlyminimumrequirementsforadmissionareprovided;satisfactionoftheseminimumsdoesnotguaranteeadmission.(以下一般要求適用于大學(xué)任何學(xué)院或部門的本科入學(xué)。請理解大學(xué)的錄取是有選擇性的。只提供最低入學(xué)要求；滿足這些最低要求并不保證入學(xué))”結(jié)合文章是一則佛羅里達(dá)大學(xué)的錄取要求?？赏浦恼鲁霈F(xiàn)在報紙的“教育”部分。故選C。BOnesummerday,asIwasheadingtotheteachingbuilding,Iheardsomeonecallmyname.IturnedaroundandsawPhilip,acounseloratourcollege,standingwithanotheryoungman.Philipintroducedmetohim,Stephen,andremindedmethatStephenwouldbetakingoneofmyclasses.Stephenlookedatme.Withasomewhatpainfulexpression,heaskedifmyclasswasgoingtobehardandifhewouldbeabletopass.Iintroducedallthethingsthathewouldbeexpectedtolearn.Aswetalked,IsawStephen’seyesgettingbigwithfear.Itoldhimtodoallofhisassignments,andtohandtheminontime.Ratherthanbeingoverwhelmed(壓倒)byallofthework,Itoldhimthemostsuccessfulstudentsmadeamastercalendarofalltheassignmentssotheycouldplantheirworkload.Asthefallsemesterwenton,IlearnedmoreofStephen’sstory.Ithadtakenhimlongertofinishtheassignmentsthanyoungestpeople.Familymembers,includinghismother,keptremindinghimthathewasafailure.Buthekeptatitanddidn’ttakethemtoheart.Hetoldmethatbeforecomingtoourcollege,noonebelievedhecouldmanageit.Stephendidn’tbecomeanAstudent.However,hemanagedtopassmostofhiscoursesbybeinginclasseveryday,turninginallofhisassignmentsontimeandbreakingdownhisstudyingintobite-sizedparts.Bypassingcourseaftercourse,hebegantogainameasureofself-confidence.Onhisgraduationday,hewalkeduptome,andsaid,“Thankyou.”4.AccordingtoStephen’squestionstotheauthor,whatdoweknowaboutStephen?A.HehadneverbeenanAstudent. B.Hedidn’twanttoattendtheauthor’sclass.C.Hewasn’tveryconfidentabouthimself. D.Hecouldn’tpasstheauthor’sexam.5.Whatcanwelearnabouttheauthoraccordingtothepassage?A.HehelpedStephengetanAinhisclass.B.HetoldStephenhowtodealwithhisstudies.C.Hedidn’tbelievethatStephencouldstudyincollege.D.Hewouldn’thavemetStephenwithouttheintroductionofPhilip.6.WhatdoesthepassagemainlytellusaboutStephen?A.Hewasanaveragestudentbuthard-working.B.Hewasalittlestupidanddidn’tdowellatschool.C.Hewasfarfromatopstudentbecauseofhisfailure.D.Hewasanexcellentstudent,butdidn’thaveself-confidence.7.Whatlessoncanwelearnfromthepassage?A.Onebiteatatime. B.Lookbeforeyouleap.C.Hastemakeswaste. D.Agoodbeginningishalfdone.【語篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。這篇文章主要講述了作者遇到的學(xué)生Stephen的故事。Stephen對自己的學(xué)業(yè)不太自信，擔(dān)心課程會很難以及自己能否通過。作者告訴他要按時完成作業(yè)，并建議他制作一個學(xué)習(xí)計劃表。盡管Stephen不是頂尖學(xué)生，但通過每天上課、按時提交作業(yè)和將學(xué)習(xí)任務(wù)分解為小部分，他終于通過了大部分課程，逐漸建立起自信心。最后，他在畢業(yè)典禮上向作者表示感謝。〖答案〗4.C5.B6.A7.A4．〖解析〗細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“Stephenlookedatme.Withasomewhatpainfulexpression,heaskedifmyclasswasgoingtobehardandifhewouldbeabletopass.(斯蒂芬看著我。他帶著一種有點痛苦的表情，問我的課會不會很難，他能不能通過。)”可知，斯蒂芬?guī)е悬c痛苦的表情問作者是否能夠通過考試，由此推斷斯蒂芬對自己沒有自信。故選C。5．〖解析〗推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中“Itoldhimtodoallofhisassignments,andtohandtheminontime.Ratherthanbeingoverwhelmed(壓倒)byallofthework,Itoldhimthemostsuccessfulstudentsmadeamastercalendarofalltheassignmentssotheycouldplantheirworkload.(我告訴他要完成所有的作業(yè)，并按時交上來。我告訴他，最成功的學(xué)生沒有被所有的作業(yè)壓垮，而是把所有的作業(yè)都做了一個主要學(xué)業(yè)的日歷，這樣他們就可以計劃自己的工作量。)”可知，作者告訴斯蒂芬如何處理他的學(xué)業(yè)，即完成所有的作業(yè)，并按時上交，不要被作業(yè)所壓垮，而是要制定主要的學(xué)業(yè)日歷。故選B。6．〖解析〗推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Stephendidn’tbecomeanAstudent.However,hemanagedtopassmostofhiscoursesbybeinginclasseveryday,turninginallofhisassignmentsontimeandbreakingdownhisstudyingintobite-sizedparts.(斯蒂芬沒有成為優(yōu)等生。然而，他每天都按時上課，按時交作業(yè)，把學(xué)習(xí)分成小塊，通過了大部分的課程。)”以及“Bypassingcourseaftercourse,hebegantogainameasureofself-confidence.(通過一門又一門的考試，他開始有了一定的自信。)”可知，雖然斯蒂芬沒有成為優(yōu)等生，但是他按照作者的建議，按時完成自己的課業(yè)任務(wù)和作業(yè)，通過一門又一門的考試，最后慢慢的獲得自信，并成功畢業(yè)，由此推斷斯蒂芬是個普通的學(xué)生，但很用功。故選A。7．〖解析〗推理判斷題。通讀全文，文章講述的是Stephen對自己的學(xué)業(yè)不太自信，擔(dān)心課程會很難以及自己能否通過。作者告訴他要按時完成作業(yè)，并建議他制作一個學(xué)習(xí)計劃表。盡管Stephen不是頂尖學(xué)生，但通過每天上課、按時提交作業(yè)和將學(xué)習(xí)任務(wù)分解為小部分，他終于通過了大部分課程，逐漸建立起自信心。最后，成功地完成了學(xué)業(yè)。可知，Stephen成功的經(jīng)驗，一是學(xué)習(xí)刻苦，二是分解困難，各個擊破。四個選項相比，A項：Onebiteatatime(飯要一口一口吃，路要一步一步走)較為恰當(dāng)。故選A。CNotlongago,peoplecouldonlybuyorganicfoodinsmallshops.Todayitiscommoninmostmajorsupermarkets.Thereasonfortheincreaseisthatmoreandmorepeoplearedemandingfoodgrownwithoutchemicals.Sincethe1990s,organicfarmproductionhasgoneupcontinuously.Thispatternisexpectedtocontinuearoundtheglobe.Australialeadstheworldinlandusedfororganicagriculture.IthasfourtimesasmuchlanddevotedtoorganicfarmingasallofAsia.However,mostofthelandisnotveryfertile,anditonlyproducesamodestamountoffood.Argentinaisadistantsecond,followedbyBrazil,theUnitedStatesandChina.InAfrica,onlyaverysmallamountoflandisregisteredfororganicfarming.ThatdoesnotmeanAfricareliesonchemicals.Infact,manyfarmersdonotusechemicalsbecausetheycannotaffordthem.Yettherearenoprogrammesforthesefarmerstoprovetheydonotusechemicals.Withouttheseprogrammes,theirfoodcanneverbeapprovedorganic.Indiahashadthemostdramaticrecentincreaseinorganicfarming.Likemanyothercountries,Indiaseescontinualgrowthinorganicfoodsalesaroundtheworld.This,ofcourse,leadstogrowthinprofits.Salesoforganicfoodweremorethandoubledfrom2000to2005.LikeIndia,manycountriesaretryingtoincreasecommercialorganicfarmingtogetashareofthesales.Thishasledtocriticism.Somepeoplebelievethatorganicfarmingshouldnotjustbeaboutmakingmoney.Theythinkthegoalistohelptheenvironment.Otherssayorganicfarmingwillnotcontinueifitisnotprofitable.Theysaythatpeopleshouldbeabletomakemoneywhileprovidinghealthyfoodformankind.8.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A.Organicfarmingisgrowingaroundtheworld.B.Organicfoodhasbecomemuchlesscommon.C.Peopledonotwanttoeatfoodwithchemicalsnit.D.Countriesallwanttomakemoneyfromorganicfarming.9.Fromthesecondparagraph,wecanknowthat.A.IndiausestheleastlandtoorganicfarmingB.BraziluseslesslandtoorganicfarmingthanChinaC.theUSisthefourthlargestorganicfarmingcountryD.ChinaandIndiahavethesameamountoforganicfarmland10.Whydopeoplewanttoincreaseorganicfarming?A.OrganicfoodisgoodfortheEarthandthehumanbeings.B.Moreandmorepeopledemandchemicalstogrowfood.C.Therearefewerchemicalsavailabletothehumanbeings.D.Profitsfromorganicfarminghelpmakeapprovalprogrammes.11.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat.A.peoplewhoeatfoodwithchemicalshaveshorterlifespanB.IndiawillsoonbecomethelargestcountryofgrowingorganicfoodC.morecountrieswillfarmorganicallyastheenvironmentgetsworseD.therewillbefewerorganicfarmsifthedemandfororganicfoodgoesdown【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了有機(jī)食品，有機(jī)食品有利于地球和人類，所以人們想增加有機(jī)耕作，目前世界各地都在提倡有機(jī)種植。〖答案〗8.A9.C10.A11.D8．〖解析〗主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Sincethe1990s,organicfarmproductionhasgoneupcontinuously.Thispatternisexpectedtocontinuearoundtheglobe.(自20世紀(jì)90年代以來，有機(jī)農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)持續(xù)增長。這種模式預(yù)計將在全球范圍內(nèi)繼續(xù)下去。)”可知，世界各地有機(jī)農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)在持續(xù)增長?？v觀全文，這也是本文的主題。故選A項。9．〖解析〗細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Australialeadstheworldinlandusedfororganicagriculture.(澳大利亞在有機(jī)農(nóng)業(yè)用地方面居世界領(lǐng)先地位。)”和“Argentinaisadistantsecond,followedbyBrazil,theUnitedStatesandChina.(阿根廷遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)排在第二位，其次是巴西、美國和中國。)”可知，美國是第四大有機(jī)農(nóng)業(yè)國家。故選C項。10．〖解析〗細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Thereasonfortheincreaseisthatmoreandmorepeoplearedemandingfoodgrownwithoutchemicals.(增加的原因是越來越多的人要求種植不含化學(xué)物質(zhì)的食物。)”可知，人們需求不含化學(xué)物質(zhì)的食物，即有機(jī)食物，所以說人們想要增加有機(jī)農(nóng)業(yè)是因為有機(jī)食品對地球和人類都有好處。故選A項。11．〖解析〗推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“Salesoforganicfoodweremorethandoubledfrom2000to2005.LikeIndia,manycountriesaretryingtoincreasecommercialorganicfarmingtogetashareofthesales.(從2000年到2005年，有機(jī)食品的銷量增長了一倍多。像印度一樣，許多國家都在努力增加商業(yè)有機(jī)農(nóng)業(yè)，以獲得銷售份額。)”可知，許多國家增加商業(yè)有機(jī)農(nóng)業(yè)，說明人們對有機(jī)食品需求增長，所以可推知，如果有機(jī)食品需求下降，有機(jī)農(nóng)場就會減少。故選D項。DImagineateamofhumansandrobotsworkingtogethertoprocessonlineorders.Real-lifeworkersstrategicallypositionedamongtheirautomatedcoworkerswhoaremovingintelligentlybackandforthinawarehouse(倉庫)space,pickingitemsforshippingtothecustomer.ThiscouldbecomearealitysoonerorlaterthankstoresearchersattheUniversityofMissouri,whoareworkingtospeeduptheonlinedeliveryprocessbydevelopingasoftwaremodeldesignedtomaketransportrobotssmarter.“Therobotictechnologyalreadyexists,”saidSharanSrinivas,whospecializesindataanalyticsandoperationsresearch.“Ourgoalistobestapplythistechnologythroughefficientplanning.Todothis,we’reaskingquestionslike‘givenalistofitemstopick,howdoyouoptimize(優(yōu)化)therouteplanforthehumanpickersandrobots?’or‘howmanyitemsshouldarobotpickinagiventour?’Likewise,wehaveasimilarsetofquestionsforthehumanworker.Themostchallengingpartisoptimizingthecollaborationplanbetweenthehumanpickersandrobots.”:Currently,alotofhumaneffortandlaborcostsareinvolvedwithfulfillingonlineorders.Tohelpoptimizethisprocess,roboticcompanieshavealreadydevelopedcooperativerobots,alsoknownascobotsorautonomousmobilerobots(AMRs),toworkinawarehouseordistributioncenter.AMRsareequippedwithsensorsandcamerastohelpthemnavigate(確定方向)aroundacontrolledspacelikeawarehouse.Srinivassaid,“Therobotisintelligent,soifit’sinstructedtogotoaparticularlocation,itcannavigatethewarehouseandnothitanyworkersorotherobstaclesalongtheway.AMRsarenotdesignedtoreplacehumanworkers,butinsteadcanworkcooperativelyalongsidethemtohelpincreasetheefficiencyoftheorderfulfillmentprocess.”“Theonedrawbackisthattheserobotsdonothavegoodgraspingabilities,”saidSrinivas.“Buthumansaregoodatgraspingitems,sowearetryingtobalancethestrengthofbothresources.”12.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“collaboration”inparagraph3mean?A.Technology. B.Similarity. C.Exploration. D.Cooperation.13.WhatisthefunctionofthesensorsequippedonAMRs?A.Tolookcool. B.Tosensewarnings.C.TodirectAMRs’way. D.Tofindhumanworkers.14.WhatareAMRsbadat?A.Jumping. B.Climbing. C.Walking. D.Holding.15.Whichcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.TheSimpleUseofRobotsB.WarehouseWorkersandRobotsC.MakingTransportRobotsSmarterD.TransportRobotsInventedbySharan【語篇解讀】本文是說明文。介紹了密蘇里大學(xué)的研究人員正在開發(fā)一種軟件模型，旨在使運輸機(jī)器人更智能，從而加快在線運輸過程?！即鸢浮?2.D13.C14.D15.C12．〖解析〗詞句猜測題。根據(jù)第四段“Tohelpoptimizethisprocess,roboticcompanieshavealreadydevelopedcooperativerobots,alsoknownascobotsorautonomousmobilerobots(AMRs),toworkinawarehouseordistributioncenter.(為了幫助優(yōu)化這一過程，機(jī)器人公司已經(jīng)開發(fā)了協(xié)作機(jī)器人，也被稱為協(xié)作機(jī)器人或自主移動機(jī)器人(amr)，在倉庫或配送中心工作)”可知，機(jī)器人公司為了優(yōu)化這一過程，開發(fā)了協(xié)作機(jī)器人，而這一過程就是劃線單詞所在句子所提到的問題，所以可推測collaboration應(yīng)該是合作之意和D項Cooperation意思相近。故選D項。13．〖解析〗細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中“AMRsareequippedwithsensorsandcamerastohelpthemnavigate(確定方向)aroundacontrolledspacelikeawarehouse.(AMR配備了傳感器和攝像頭，以幫助它們在像倉庫這樣的受控空間內(nèi)導(dǎo)航)”可知，AMRs上配備的傳感器的功能是指引方向。故選C項。14．〖解析〗細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段““Theonedrawbackisthattheserobotsdonothavegoodgraspingabilities,”saidSrinivas.“Buthumansaregoodatgraspingitems,sowearetryingtobalancethestrengthofbothresources.”(“一個缺點是這些機(jī)器人沒有很好的抓取能力，”斯里尼瓦斯說。“但人類擅長抓東西，所以我們正試圖平衡這兩種資源的優(yōu)勢?！?”可知，AMRs的缺點是沒有很好的抓取能力。故選D項。15．〖解析〗主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“Imagineateamofhumansandrobotsworkingtogethertoprocessonlineorders.Real-lifeworkersstrategicallypositionedamongtheirautomatedcoworkerswhoaremovingintelligentlybackandforthinawarehouse(倉庫)space,pickingitemsforshippingtothecustomer.(想象一下，一個由人類和機(jī)器人組成的團(tuán)隊共同處理在線訂單。真實的員工策略性地定位于他們的自動化同事之間，這些自動化同事在倉庫空間中智能地來回移動，挑選物品運送給客戶)”以及第二段“ThiscouldbecomearealitysoonerorlaterthankstoresearchersattheUniversityofMissouri,whoareworkingtospeeduptheonlinedeliveryprocessbydevelopingasoftwaremodeldesignedtomaketransportrobotssmarter.(這遲早會成為現(xiàn)實，這要感謝密蘇里大學(xué)的研究人員，他們正在開發(fā)一種軟件模型，旨在使運輸機(jī)器人更智能，從而加快在線運輸過程)”可知，本文主要介紹了使運輸機(jī)器人更加的智能，所以C項“MakingTransportRobotsSmarter(讓運輸機(jī)器人更智能)”是本文最好的標(biāo)題。故選C項。第二節(jié)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項，選項中有兩項為多余選項。(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)Languageisapartofcultureandplaysaveryimportantroleinit.___16___Yetlanguageisnottheonlywaytoexpressourideasandfeelings.Bodymovement,eyecontact,gesture,andfacialexpressionareotherformsoflanguagewecallnonverbalcommunication.___17___AccordingtoSocialAnthropologist,EdwardT.Hall,inanormalconversationbetweentwopersons,lessthan15%ofsocialmeaningistransmitted(傳達(dá))bywords.Differentcultureshavedifferentwaysofusingnonverbalcommunicationandpeoplehavedifferentgesturestoconveytheirexpressions.However,nonverbalcommunication,liketraffic,isnotrandom(隨意的);ithasapurpose.___18___Learningthedifferentcommonrulesofbodylanguageindifferentculturesisveryusefulforustounderstandeachotherbetter.Peoplecomingfromthesameculturesharecommonunderstandingbyusingthesamebodylanguagesuchaseyemanagement,facialexpressions,gestures,andbodymovements.___19___Forexample,“arms”,whichareusedlittlebyNordicsduringaconversation,areanimportantelementinone’scommunicativeweaponry(武器)inItaly,Spain,andSouthAmerica.___20___Inthesecultures,oneshouldstandwithfeetpressedtogetherandhandsinterlaced(交錯)infrontofthebody.InculturessuchasAmerica,whereyouoftenstandwithyourfeetshoulder-lengthapart,armsatyourside,standinginthisfashionmightbeinterpretedasbeingshyandinsecure.A.Misuseofbodylanguagecanbeunpleasant.B.Andtherearecommonrulestoguideitsflow.C.Withoutlanguage,culturewouldnotbepossible.D.Bodylanguagemakesupthelargestpartofournonverbalcommunication.E.Butindifferentculturesnonverbalcommunicationtakesondifferentpatterns.F.Ifyou’relearninganewlanguage,agreatwayistowatchmoviesandTVshows.G.InAfrica,standinginatoo“open”fashion,meansthatyourposturemightbeinappropriate.【語篇解讀】本文是說明文。肢體語言可以幫助人們傳遞信息，但是同一種姿勢可能會因文化不同而產(chǎn)生不同的含義?！即鸢浮?6.C17.D18.B19.E20.G16．〖解析〗根據(jù)上文“Languageisapartofcultureandplaysaveryimportantroleinit.(語言是文化的一部分，在文化中起著非常重要的作用)”可知，上文主要說明了語言的重要性，C項與上文中的“Languageisapartofcultureandplaysaveryimportantroleinit.”為順承關(guān)系，指出了語言在文化中的重要性。C項中的language、culture與上文中的Language、culture為原詞復(fù)現(xiàn)關(guān)系。C選項“沒有語言，就不可能有文化”符合語境，故選C。17．〖解析〗根據(jù)上文“Bodymovement,eyecontact,gesture,andfacialexpressionareotherformsoflanguagewecallnonverbalcommunication.(身體動作、眼神交流、手勢和面部表情是我們稱之為非語言交流的其他形式的語言)”以及后文“AccordingtoSocialAnthropologist,EdwardT.Hall,inanormalconversationbetweentwopersons,lessthan15%ofsocialmeaningistransmitted(傳達(dá))bywords.(根據(jù)社會人類學(xué)家愛德華·t·霍爾的說法，在兩人之間的正常對話中，只有不到15%的社會意義是通過語言傳遞的)”可知，本句對上文進(jìn)行了進(jìn)一步的解釋說明，D項中的“nonverbalcommunication”與上文中的“nonverbalcommunication”為原詞復(fù)現(xiàn)關(guān)系。此外，下文中引用的EdwardT．Hall的發(fā)現(xiàn)是對D項的進(jìn)一步解釋。故D選項“肢體語言在我們的非語言交流中占了很大一部分”符合語境，故選D。18．〖解析〗根據(jù)上文“Differentcultureshavedifferentwaysofusingnonverbalcommunicationandpeoplehavedifferentgesturestoconveytheirexpressions.However,nonverbalcommunication,liketraffic,isnotrandom(隨意的);ithasapurpose.(不同的文化有不同的使用非語言交流的方式，人們有不同的手勢來表達(dá)他們的表情。然而，非語言交流，就像交通一樣，不是隨機(jī)的；它是有目的的)”可知，上文主要提到了非語言交流的方式是有目的的，故本句繼續(xù)提到非語言交流背后的規(guī)則，B項中的“therearecommonrulestoguideitsflow”與上文中的“isnotrandom”相照應(yīng)；its指代上文中的“nonverbalcommunication”。故B選項“有一些共同的規(guī)則來引導(dǎo)它的流動”符合語境，故選B。19．〖解析〗根據(jù)下文“Forexample,“arms”,whichareusedlittlebyNordicsduringaconversation,areanimportantelementinone’scommunicativeweaponry(武器)inItaly,Spain,andSouthAmerica.(例如，arms一詞在北歐人的談話中很少使用，但在意大利、西班牙和南美，它是交際武器的重要組成部分)”指出了同一個詞語在不同文化中有不同的含義，可知本句與上文為轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，指出非語言交際有不同的模式。E選項“但是在不同的文化中，非語言交際有不同的模式”符合語境，故選E。20．〖解析〗根據(jù)后文“Inthesecultures,oneshouldstandwithfeetpressedtogetherandhandsinterlaced(交錯)infrontofthebody.InculturessuchasAmerica,whereyouoftenstandwithyourfeetshoulder-lengthapart,armsatyourside,standinginthisfashionmightbeinterpretedasbeingshyandinsecure.(在這些文化中，一個人應(yīng)該站在前面，兩腳并攏，雙手交叉。在像美國這樣的文化中，你經(jīng)常雙腳分開站著，手臂放在身體兩側(cè)，這樣站著可能會被理解為害羞和沒有安全感)”可知，本句與下文為順承關(guān)系，指出非洲文化中應(yīng)使用的正確站姿。G項中的standing與下文中的stand及standing為原詞復(fù)現(xiàn)關(guān)系。G選項“在非洲，站得太‘開放’意味著你的姿勢可能不合適”符合語境，故選G。第二部分語言知識運用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)Areallinventorsscientists?No.Anyonecanmakeaninventionifheorshehasideasandis___21___totryagainandagainuntiltheinventionworks.That’sjust___22___happenedtoJamesMurraySpanglerin1907.Spanglerwasacleaneratadepartmentstore.Hestartedtoworkeverynightafterthe___23___.Helikedhisjob,butitwasalotofworktocleanallthatspace.Hewas___24___.Hewishedthatherewasabetterwaytocleanthestore’sfloor.Eachnightasheworked,he___25___abouttheproblem.Whatkindofmachinecouldhemake?Afterawhile,some___26___formedinhishead.Hefittedanoldbox,atape,apillowcase,anelectricfan,abroomhandandapaintrollertogether.Hetrieditathome.It___27___!Atlast,hedecidedtotakehis___28___tothestore.ApoliceofficerwaswalkingdownthestreetwhenhesawSpanglerusinghisinventionthroughthewindow.TheofficerwenttotelltheownerthatSpanglerwasdoingsomethingwitha(n)___29___machinethatmadealotofnoise.HethoughtSpanglerhadlosthis____30____.Theownerrushedtothestore.HetoldSpanglerthathewas____31____formessingaroundinsteadofdoinghisjob.Spanglertoldhimthathewasdoinghisjob____32____thaneverbefore.Heaskedtheshopownertolethim____33____howhismachineworked.____34____,themanagreed.HewasshockedwhenSpanglermovedhismachineoverdirtandgumwrappers.Theydisappeared!Spanglerhadjustbuiltthefirstvacuumcleaner.Thenextyearhe____35____hisinventiontoafirmnamedHoover.Beforelongvacuumcleanerswereascommonasstovesinhomes.21.A.hesitant B.determined C.likely D.scared22.A.which B.how C.what D.that23.A.closing B.opening C.managing D.buying24.A.excited B.frightened C.worried D.tired25.A.thought B.argued C.talked D.brought26.A.items B.ideas C.arguments D.problems27.A.worked B.changed C.stopped D.arrived28.A.box B.fan C.roller D.machine29.A.old B.strange C.huge D.special30.A.mind B.time C.life D.job31.A.found B.hired C.fired D.blamed32.A.better B.worse C.busier D.slower33.A.make B.say C.introduce D.show34.A.Angry B.Curious C.Frightened D.Pleased35.A.brought B.took C.sold D.gave【語篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。這篇文章講述了詹姆斯·穆雷·斯潘格勒在1907年發(fā)明了第一臺吸塵器的故事。〖答案〗21.B22.C23.A24.D25.A26.B27.A28.D29.B30.A31.C32.A33.D34.B35.C21．〖解析〗考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：任何人都可以做出發(fā)明，只要他或她有想法，并決心一次又一次地嘗試，直到發(fā)明成功。A.hesitant猶豫的；B.determined決心的；C.likely可能的；D.scared害怕的。根據(jù)前文“tryagainandagain”可知，只要他或她有想法，并決心一次又一次地嘗試，任何人都可以做出發(fā)明。故選B。22．〖解析〗考查表語從句引導(dǎo)詞辨析。句意：這就是1907年發(fā)生在詹姆斯·默里·斯潘格勒身上的事情。A.which哪一個；B.how如何；C.what什么；D.that那個。根據(jù)“happened”可知，設(shè)空處引導(dǎo)的是表語從句，引導(dǎo)詞在從句中作主語，意為“發(fā)生的什么”。故選C。23．〖解析〗考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：每晚打烊后他就開始工作。A.closing關(guān)閉；B.opening開放；C.managing管理；D.buying購買。根據(jù)前文“Hestartedtoworkeverynight”可知，夜間，在商店打烊后他開始工作。故選A。24．〖解析〗考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：他累了。A.excited興奮的；B.frightened害怕的；C.worried擔(dān)心的；D.tired疲倦的。根據(jù)前文“itwasalotofworktocleanallthatspace.”可知，清理所有的空間是很費功夫的，所以他很疲勞。故選D。25．〖解析〗考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：每天晚上工作時，他都會思考這個問題。A.thought思考；B.argued爭論；C.talked談話；D.brought帶來。根據(jù)后文“Whatkindofmachinecouldhemake?”可知，他每天都在思考——到底應(yīng)該制造什么樣的機(jī)器解決該問題。故選A。26．〖解析〗考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：過了一會兒，他腦子里形成了一些想法。A.items物品；B.ideas想法C.arguments爭論；D.problems問題。根據(jù)“inhishead”可知，在他的腦子里形成了一些想法。故選B。27．〖解析〗考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：它奏效了。A.worked工作；B.changed改變；C.stopped停止；D.arrived到達(dá)。根據(jù)前文“Hetrieditathome.”以及“Atlast,hedecidedtotakehis______tothestore.”可知，在經(jīng)過嘗試之后，他發(fā)明的設(shè)備奏效了，于是他把這個機(jī)器帶到了商店。故選A。28．〖解析〗考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：最后，他決定把他的機(jī)器帶到商店去。A.box盒子；B.fan風(fēng)扇；C.roller滾筒；D.machine機(jī)器。根據(jù)前文“Whatkindofmachinecouldhemake?”可知，他將發(fā)明的機(jī)器帶到了商店。故選D。29．〖解析〗考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：警察去告訴店主斯潘格勒正在用一個奇怪的機(jī)器做什么，這個機(jī)器發(fā)出很大的噪音。A.old老的；B.strange奇怪的；C.huge巨大的；D.special特別的。根據(jù)前文“TheofficerwenttotelltheownerthatSpanglerwasdoingsomething”可知，警察去告訴店主斯潘格勒在做什么，是因為他看到潘格勒正在用奇怪的機(jī)器做一些事情。故選B。30．〖解析〗考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他以為斯潘格勒瘋了。A.mind心思；B.time時間；C.life生活；D.job工作。根據(jù)前文“TheofficerwenttotelltheownerthatSpanglerwasdoingsomethingwitha(n)______machinethatmadealotofnoise.”可知，警察去告訴店主斯潘格勒正在用一個奇怪的機(jī)器做一些事情，而這個機(jī)器發(fā)出很大的噪音，所以店主認(rèn)為斯潘格勒一定是瘋了。故選A。31．〖解析〗考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：他告訴斯潘格勒，他被解雇的原因是胡鬧，而不是做他的工作。A.found發(fā)現(xiàn)；B.hired雇傭；C.fired解雇；D.blamed責(zé)備。根據(jù)后文“formessingaroundinsteadofdoinghisjob.”可知，因為胡鬧，而沒有做自己應(yīng)該做的工作，所以潘格勒被告知解雇了。故選C。32．〖解析〗考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：斯潘格勒告訴他，他的工作做得比以往任何時候都好。A.better更好的；B.worse更糟的；C.busier更忙；D.slower更慢的。根據(jù)后文“HewasshockedwhenSpanglermovedhismachineoverdirtandgumwrappers.”可知，當(dāng)斯潘格勒把機(jī)器移到泥土和口香糖包裝紙上時，店主嚇了一跳，由此斯潘格勒告訴店主他的工作比以往做的都更好。故選A。33．〖解析〗考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：他要求店主讓他展示一下他的機(jī)器是如何工作的。A.make制作；B.say說；C.introduce介紹；D.show展示。根據(jù)后文“howhismachineworked.”可知，斯潘格勒要求店主讓他展示一下他的機(jī)器是如何工作的。故選D。34．〖解析〗考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：男人很好奇，同意了。A.Angry生氣的；B.Curious好奇的；C.Frightened害怕的；D.Pleased高興的。根據(jù)前文“Heaskedtheshopownertolethim______howhismachineworked.”可知，斯潘格勒要求店主讓他展示一下他的機(jī)器是如何工作的，店主很好奇，所以同意了。故選B。35．〖解析〗考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：第二年，他把自己的發(fā)明賣給了一家名叫胡佛的公司。A.brought帶來；B.took拿走；C.sold賣掉；D.gave給予。根據(jù)“hisinventiontoafirm”可知，第二年，他把自己的發(fā)明賣給了一家名叫胡佛的公司。故選C。第II卷(非選擇題)第二節(jié)(共10小題,每小題1.5分,滿分15分)閱讀下列材料，在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容(1個單詞)或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。TheGreatWall,runningformorethan20,000kilometers,isahistoricallandmarkwithworldwidefame,but______36______(climb)itishard.Everyonemayhavesomeknowledgeofitmoreorless,whileonlyahandfulmayhavetheskillto_____37_____(physical)participateinitsrestoration(修復(fù)).However,aWeChatminiprogram,GreatWallE-tour,isallowingeveryenthusiasttobeaheroinavirtualworld,in_____38_____onenotjustvisitstheGreatWall,butalsoprotectsit.Sofartheprogram____39____(attract)considerableattentionandgotalargefanbase.Around50,000highdefinitionpicturesoftheXipanjiakousiteoftheGreatWallareusedtoofferusersa_____40_____(remark)experience.LiuYuzhu,headoftheChinaFoundationforCulturalHeritageConservation,says“Wemadedocumentariesandpublishedanimatedbooksinthepast.Thesearepopular,buttheGreatWallis____41____complexstructureanddeservesmoreattention.Sowetriedsomethingnew.”Liualsoadds,“Aseriesof______42______(program)likeourshavebeenlaunchedinChina,withacombination____43____publiceducationandrestorationofrelicsthroughdigitization.”TheGreatWall_____44_____(list)asaUNESCOWorldCulturalHeritagesitein1987,thefirstof______45______(it)kindinChina.AsaChinese,Ifeelextremelyproud.【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。攀登長城并非易事，保護(hù)長城更加困難。微信小程序，“云游長城”通過虛擬現(xiàn)實技術(shù)將中國長城再現(xiàn)，使人們能夠更加容易地游覽并保護(hù)長城。〖答案〗36.climbing37.physically38.which39.hasattracted40.remarkable41.a42.programs43.of44.waslisted45.its36．〖解析〗考查動名詞作主語。句意：長城全長2萬多公里，是舉世聞名的歷史地標(biāo)，但攀登它卻很難。此處是非謂語動詞作主語，陳述一般情況，用動名詞作主語。故〖答案〗為climbing。37．〖解析〗考查副詞修飾動詞。句意：每個人都或多或少對它有所了解，但只有少數(shù)人有能力親自參與修復(fù)。此處用副詞修飾動詞participate。故〖答案〗為physically。38．〖解析〗考查非限制性定語從句。句意：然而，一個微信項目GreatWallE-tour讓每個狂熱愛好者都成為虛擬世界中的英雄，在這個世界里，不僅僅是參觀長城，而且還能保護(hù)它。此處world是先行詞，指物，在介詞in后面用which引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句。故〖答案〗為which。39．〖解析〗考查現(xiàn)在完成時。句意：到目前為止，這個節(jié)目已經(jīng)吸引了大量的關(guān)注和粉絲。根據(jù)Sofar可知，句子用現(xiàn)在完成時，且句子主語是單數(shù)名詞theprogram，謂語動詞用動詞的第三人稱單數(shù)形式。故〖答案〗為hasattracted。40．〖解析〗考查形容詞作定語。句意：該網(wǎng)站使用了大約5萬張西潘家口長城的高清圖片，為用戶提供了非凡的體驗。空后experience是名詞，由形容詞修飾，在句中作定語。故〖答案〗為remarkable。41．〖解析〗考查不定冠詞。句意：這些都很受歡迎，但長城是一個復(fù)雜的結(jié)構(gòu)，值得更多的關(guān)注。