雅思閱讀語法1-it句型

強調句型在雅思閱讀中運用TraceyStructures:一、強調句型★★★二、do表示強調一、強調句型〔1〕Itis/was…..that/which/who…..被強調局部：主/賓/狀no謂語常用的強調句結構是it引導的句子，結構為Itis〔was〕+被強調局部+that〔who〕+句子的其余局部。此結構強調的成分限于主語，賓語和狀語。例如：Itisfromthesunthatwegetlightandheat.我們是從太陽那兒獲取光和熱。ItwasnotuntilIhadreadyourletterthatIunderstoodthetruestateofaffairs.直到讀了你的信，我才知道實際情形。典型例題1〕Itwaslastnight___Iseethecomet.A.thetimeB.whenC.thatD.which答案C.強調句的結構是：It+be+強調局部+that〔who〕〕+主謂句。強調句的連詞只有兩個，that和who。當強調的局部是人，且為句子的主語時，才用"who"，其余用that。2〕Itistenyears___MissGreenreturnedtoCanada.A.thatB.whenC.sinceD.as答案C.考點是連詞用法。此題易誤選為A.that.其實本句不是強調句。假設是，去掉Itbe…that還應是一個完整的句子。而本句去掉'Itis…that'，只剩下tenyearsMissGreenreturnedtoCanada.不成句。因此本句不是強調句。指出以下所強調的句子成分原句：Myfatherdidtheexperimentinthelabyesterdayevening.Itwasmyfatherwhodidtheexperimentinthelabyesterdayevening.Itwastheexperimentthatmyfatherdidinthelabyesterdayevening.Itwasyesterdayeveningthatmyfatherdidtheexperimentinthelab.〔注意不用when〕Itwasinthelabthatmyfatherdidtheexperimentyesterdayevening.增補點：〔2〕no/noneotherthan…被強調：人“正是```〞常見句式：主+be+nootherthan+強調內容〔3〕nothingelsebut/than…被強調：物“正是```，完全是```〞常見句式：主+be+nothingelsebut+強調內容ThetallfigurethatIsawwasnootherthanourmonitor.Geniusisnothingbutlaboranddiligence.二、強調動詞do

的用法在強調動詞時，通常采用：do/does/did+動詞原形的形式，例如：Wegotconfidenceandspirit,andwedidwin.Shedoeslikethishorse.她確實喜歡這匹馬。一,使用強調句型對劃線局部進行強調.1.Thedivorcedwomenwillmostoftenhavetolookafterthechildren.(劍5,T1,L)2.HediscoveredUranusduringthelatterpartofthis.(劍2,G,TA,R)練習二,將以下強調句復原成正常語序.Itismymotherwhocookseveryday.Itwasthisnovelthattheytalkedaboutlastnight.ItwasnotuntilshetookoffherdarkglassesthatIrealizedshewasafamousfilmstar.Itisonlyinthestudyofmanhimselfthatthemajorsocialscienceshavesubstitutedthestudyofonelocalvariation,thatofWesterncivilization.三，翻譯ItwasyesterdaythatImetLiMingattherailwaystation.It'smyfatherwhogivesmemypocketmoney.----------增加難度---------〔見下頁雅思真題〕【練1/3】〔劍7,T4,R〕ItisthismanagementmechanismthathasallowedAlaskasalmonstocks—and,accordingly,Alaskasalmonfisheries----toprosper.由于這種管理機制，才使得阿拉斯加的鮭魚儲量攀升，因此也使得阿拉斯加的漁業(yè)繁榮?！揪?/3】〔劍4，T2,L〕Itwasthislackofrepairworkwhichwasdirectlyresponsiblefortheexplosion.正是這種維修工作的缺乏對那次爆炸負直接的責任?！揪?/3】〔劍4，G,TA,R〕IntermsofartisticdevelopmentitwasagaintheFrenchandtheAmericanswhotookthelead.在電影的藝術制作方面，還是法國人和美國人名列前茅。---------增補：1)

It做形式主語的用法當不定式〔短語〕、動名詞〔短語〕或從句在某個句子中作主語時，為保持句子結構前后平衡，防止頭重腳輕，因此常用it作形式主語置于句首，而將真正的主語放在句尾。常見句型有：1.It+be+形容詞+主語從句，如： Itisnecessarythat…有必要…… Itisimportantthat…重要的是…… Itisobviousthat…很明顯…… ItisuncertainwhetherhecancometoJenny’sbirthdaypartyornot.

ItisamazingthatatmyageIamstillfit.Itiseasytobecomeaddictedtosmoking.itisnogoodcryingoverspiltmilk.(覆水難收)

It作形式主語代替不定式、動詞-ing短語、或從句。注意：如假設形容詞為important/necessary，good/wrongnatural...表達一種要求，命令或者責備時，多使用虛擬語氣〔should+V).但是如果只是表示陳述一個事實而不是強烈的感情，完全可以用一般的陳述語氣。不過考試建議你還是多用虛擬語氣Itisimportantthatwe(should)learnEnglishwell.Itisnecessarythathe(should)rememberthesewords.2.It+be+名詞詞組+主語從句，這類名詞有：afact,apity,ashame,anhonour，aquestion等，如：It’sapitythatyoumissedtheexcitingfootballmatch.Itremainsaquestionwhetherhewillcomeornot.

3.It+be+過去分詞+主語從句，這類過去分詞有：announced,believed,expected,hoped,decided,reported,said,shown等，如：Itisreportedthat16peoplewerekilledintheearthquake.Itisnotdecidedwhowillgivetheoperationtothepatient.注意：如果主句中的過去分詞是表示請求，建議，命令等詞如：suggested/ordered/demanded/insisted/commanded...等時that后的從句要用虛擬語〔should+動詞原形〕，should可以??；常譯為，“據(jù)建議；有命令．．．〕

Itissuggestedthatthemeeting(should)beputoff.

Itwasorderedthatwe(should)arrivethereintwohours.4.It+不及物動詞(seem,appear,happen等)+主語從句,這類不及物動詞有：appear,happen,seem等，如：

Itappearsthat…

似乎……Ithappensthat…

碰巧……Itoccurredtomethat…我突然想起……Ithappened(sohappened)thathemethisteacherinthestreet.Itseemsthathewillbebackinafewdays.5.It+be+形容詞+forsb.〕+動詞不定式這類句型常用形容詞easy,difficult,hard,important,possible，wise等作表語，有時候為了強調不定式動作的執(zhí)行者，常在不定式前加forsb，譯為“對某人來說做某事怎么樣〞：如：It’snecessaryfortheyoungtomastertwoforeignlanguage.Itisunwisetogivethechildrenwhatevertheywant.6.It+be+形容詞+ofsb.+動詞不定式，這類形容詞常是表示心理品質,性格特征的形容詞，如：kind,nicestupid,clever,foolish,polite,impolite,silly,selfish,considerate等。某人和這些形容詞可以構成主系表結構。如：It’sverykindofyoutohelpmewiththework.=Youarekindtohelpme.Itseemedselfishofhimnottosharehisdictionarywithothers.=Heseemedselfishnottosharehisdictionarywithothers.7.It+be+名詞或形容詞+動名詞，這類名詞和形容詞常常是：good,nogood,nouse,awasteof,useless,senseless等，如：It’sawasteoftimetalkingtoheranymore.Itisnousearguingaboutthematterwithhim.

8.It+take(sb.)+時間〔金錢〕+動詞不定式，如：Ittooktheworkersalmostthreeyearstofinishbuildingthedam.Itwilltakeawholedaytogettothetopofthemountainonfoot.翻譯句子：1.一些人瞧不起盲人是錯誤的。2.我們有必要幫助殘疾人。3.真遺憾，他犯了這樣一個錯誤。4.據(jù)說他已去美國深造了。5.看來他似乎有病。6.別給孩子太多的錢很重要。7.我的職責就是掃地。8.他每天花半個小時乘地鐵上班。Keys：1.Itiswrongthatsomepeoplelookdownonblindpeople.=Itiswrongforsomepeopletolookdownonblindpeople.2.Itisnecessarythatwehelptheelderly.

=Itisnecessaryforustohelptheelderly.3.Itisapitythatshehasmadesuchamistake.4.ItissaidthathehasgonetotheUSAforfurtherstudy.5.Itseemsthatheissick.=Heseemstobesick.6.Itisveryimportantnottogivechildrentoomuchmoney.7.Itismydutytocleanthefloor.8.Ittakeshimhalfanhourtogotoworkbyunderground.=Ittakeshimhalfanhourtotaketheundergroundtowork.---------增補：2)

It做形式賓語的用法當不定式〔短語〕、動名詞〔短語〕或從句在句子中作賓語時，為保持平衡，防止句式結構的混亂，常用it作形式賓語，而將真正的賓語放在句尾。此時it只起引導作用，無意義。S+v+it+adj.n(forsb)todosth..從句doingsth+Hefounditdifficulttostopsmoking

Ithinkitbestthatyoushoulddomoreexercise.ShethoughtitnogoodworryingabouthimIt作形式賓語代替不定式、動詞-ing短語、或從句。

……

findpossibleS+think+it+necessary+(forsb.)todosth./clause.

feelimportant……Sentencepatterns:形式賓語

…arule2.S+V+it+one’sduty+(forsb.)todosth./clauseanhonour…3.S+V+it+nogood+doingsth.

nouse

完成句子〔1〕They________________〔覺察……難〕

tofinishtheirworkintwodays.〔2〕We________________〔認為……是我們的職責〕tocleanourclassroomeveryday.〔3〕Itisimportant_______〔對她來說〕tocome

totheparty.founditdifficultthinkitourdutyforher為了記憶方便我們把該句型總結為"6123結構"。6指主句中常用的動詞：think,believe,make,find,consider,feel；

1指的是形式賓語it；

2指的是賓補的兩種形式：形容詞或名詞；

3指的是真正賓語的三種形式：不定式短語，動名詞短語或從句。Wethinkitourduty

tocleanourclassroomeveryday.

Hefeltitimportant

learningEnglishwell.

Theyfounditdifficult

thattheywouldfinishtheir

workintwodays.

動詞+it+介詞短語+that從句。常見于bringittoone'sattention;

oweittosb;

takeitforgranted等結構中。IoweittoyouthatIfinishedmyworkintime.

多虧有你我才及時完成了工作。Don'ttakeitforgrantedthattheywillsupportyou.

不要想當然地認為他們會支持你。

動詞+介詞(短語)+it+that從句。常見于answerfor,dependon,relyon,insiston,lookto,seeto,stickto等結構中。I'llseetoitthateverythingisreadyintime.

我將負責按時做好一切準備。YoumaydependonitthatTomwillhelpyouwithyourEnglish.

你放心，湯姆會幫助你學英語的。另：it指時間幾個常用句型1.It

is/hasbeen

+一段時間＋since+主語＋did.

It

is(hasbeen)

five

years

since

he

left

here.他已經(jīng)離開這兒五年了。Itis(hasbeen)alongtimesincethelastmeeting.2.It

+謂語＋一段時間＋before從句.〔

before引導的是時間狀語從句。〕在肯定句中，表示“多長時間之后才。。。〞；在否認句中，表示“用不了多長時間就。。。〞

It

wasn't

long

before

the

people

in

that

country

rose

up.沒有多久那個國家的人民就起義了。

It

will

be

three

hours

before

he

comes

back.三個小時之后他才能回來。3.It’stimethat…did/shoulddo… ItistimethatIwentandpickedupmydaughterfromschool.我該去學校接我女兒放學了。It’shightimethatwestopped/shouldstopthi