高三英語語法復(fù)習(xí)-虛擬語氣詳解課件公開課

虛擬語氣區(qū)別:Ifit

rainstomorrow,thecrops

willbesaved.

Ifit

rained

tomorrow,thecrops

wouldbesaved.

陳述語氣虛擬語氣Definition陳述語氣〔theIndicativeMood〕用來陳述一個事實，或提出一個想法，有肯定、否認、疑問或感慨等形式。虛擬語氣〔theSubjunctiveMood〕表示說話人的一種愿望、建議、命令、要求、有時是一種非真實的假設(shè)、料想，或是不可能實現(xiàn)的與事實相反的愿望。1.虛擬語氣的考點1、條件句中的虛擬語氣的用法；2、條件句中虛擬語氣的倒裝；3、名詞性從句中虛擬語氣的用法；4、幾種特殊結(jié)構(gòu)中虛擬語氣的用法；if引導(dǎo)的虛擬條件句If+主+haddonesth,主+would/should/could/might+動詞完成式〔havedone〕Ifhehadworked

hard,hewouldhavepassedtheexamination.1.如果他努力學(xué)的話，他就通過這次考試了。IfIhadmarriedher,Iwouldhavebeen

unhappy.2.要是當(dāng)時我和她結(jié)了婚的話，那我是很不幸的。與過去事實相反的虛擬條件句If+主+

did(were),主+would/should/could/might+動詞原形IfI

were

you,Iwouldtryitagain.1.如果我是你，我會再試一次。2.如果我有一百萬美元，我會買下這架飛機。IfI

hadonemilliondollars,Iwouldbuytheplane.與現(xiàn)在事實相反的虛擬條件句與將來事實相反的虛擬條件句(通常有時間狀語)Ifhe

came

heretomorrow,Iwouldtell

himaboutit.Ifhe

weretocome

heretomorrow,Iwouldtellhim

aboutit.1.如果他明天來的話,我會告訴他這件事.If+主+

did(wereto/shoulddo),主+would/should/could/might+動詞原形Ifyou__________tomorrow,you_________findthenewmanagerworkingintheoffice.A.shouldcome;wouldB.wouldcome;wouldC.willcome;shouldD.comes;mightIftheparents______atthehospitalearlieraftertheaccident,thechildwouldhavebeensaved.A.arrives

B.arriveC.hadarrivedD.hasarrivedIfhe_________he___________thatfood.

Luckilyhewassenttothehospitalimmediately.A.waswarned;wouldnothavetakenB.hadbeenwarned;wouldnothavetakenC.wouldbewarned;hadnottakenD.wouldhavebeenwarned;hadnottakenIdidn’tseeyoursisteratthemeeting.Ifshe__________,shewouldhavemetmybrother.A.hascomeB.didcomeC.cameD.hadcome

Ifmylawyer_______herelastSunday,he_______mefromgoing.A.hadbeen;wouldhavepreventedB.hadbeen;wouldpreventC.were;wouldpreventD.were;wouldhavepreventedIf虛擬條件句的倒裝條件狀語的倒裝：如果條件狀語中有were,had,should時,可以倒裝成：Were/Should/Had+主+其他WereIyou,

Iwouldtryitagain.

Hadyou

nothelped

me,

I

Ishouldhavefailed.

Shoulditsnowtomorrow,wewouldn’tgoout.IfIwereyou,Iwouldtryitagain.Ifyou

hadn'thelpedme，Ishouldhavefailed.Ifitshouldsnowtomorrow,wewouldn’tgoout.1._____theexam,hewouldhaveattendedacollege.A.IfhepassedB.HadhepassedC.WerehepassedD.Ifheshouldpass2.____fiveminutesearlier,youcouldhaveseenthemoff.A.IfyoushouldarriveB.IfyouarriveC.HadyouarrivedD.Shouldyouarrive

3.____itraintomorrow,weshouldhavetoputoffthevisittotheScienceMuseum.A.WereB.shouldC.wouldD.will虛擬語氣haddonewould/should/could/mighthavedonedid/werewould/should/could/mightdo1.shoulddo2.weretodo3.didwould/should/could/mightdo錯綜虛擬條件句：有時條件從句中的動作與主句中的動作，發(fā)生的時間不一致，這時動作的形式應(yīng)根據(jù)它所表示的時間加以調(diào)整。

Iftheyhadstudiedhard,theycoulddoiteasilynow.與過去相反與現(xiàn)在相反各自為準(zhǔn)如果我是你，我就聽從他的建議了。IfIwereyou,Iwouldhavetakenhisadvice.從句表示現(xiàn)在，主句表示過去如果你聽我的話，現(xiàn)在就不會這么糟糕了。從句表示過去，主句表示現(xiàn)在Ifyouhadlistenedtome,youmightnotbeinsuchtroublenow.

如果你當(dāng)時聽了我的話，現(xiàn)在就能完成這份工作了。Ifyouhadfollowedmyadvice,youwouldbeabletofinishtheworknow.〔從句說明過去，主句說明現(xiàn)在?！硍ish引導(dǎo)的虛擬句IwishI

remembered

theaddress.我要是記得地址就好了?！舱婵上彝恕矵owIwishhe

hadnotleft.要是他剛剛沒有離開這里就好了?！菜央x開〕Iwishit

wouldrain

tomorrow.要是明天下雨就好了?！舱f話人預(yù)料明天不會下雨〕wish+thatHowIwish〔Ifonly〕did/were現(xiàn)在haddone過去would/might/coulddo將來Exercises:1.Ididn’tgototheparty,butIdowishI_____there.A.wasB.wereC.hadbeenD.went2.IwishI_________youyesterday.A.seeB.didseeC.hadseenD.weretosee

3.-----Heisabraveman.-----Yes,IwishI_________hiscourage.A.haveB.hadC.willhaveD.wouldhave4.Tomcantakehiscarapartandputitbacktogetheragain.Icertainlywishhe_____mehow.A.teachesB.willteachC.hastaughtD.wouldteach5.Thepictureexhibitionboredmetodeath.IwishI___________toit.A.hadn’tgoneB.haven’tgoneC.didn’tgoD.couldnothavegone6.HowIwishI______that!Everybodypresentwasangry

withme.A.didn’tgoB.hadn’tdoneC.wouldn’tdoD.wasn’tdoing名詞性從句中要求用虛擬語氣的動詞

suggest,order,demand,propose,command,request,desire,insist,require,adviceetc.引導(dǎo)的賓語從句要用虛擬語氣，以(should)+v原的形式出現(xiàn)。

Weallsuggestthathe(should)finishhishomeworkfirst.

Thecaptaincommandedthatallthesailors

(should)getdowntoworkatonce.It’ssuggested(ordered,demanded,proposed,commanded,requested,desired,insisted,required)that…后面的主語從句中要使用虛擬語氣，也以(should)+v原.的形式出現(xiàn)。

It’sorderedthatonlyGerman(should)be

taughtatschoolsinAlsasandLorin.

It’srequestedthatallthestudents(should)wearschooluniformsatschool.

以上這些動詞的名詞形式后面的表語從句和同位語從句中也要用虛擬語氣，也應(yīng)以

(should)+v原.的形式出現(xiàn)。

Mysuggestionisthatyou(should)gohomefirstbeforecominghere.

Hisrequestthathiscost(should)bepaid

bythehouriscompletelyreasonable.Theordercamethatthework(should)befinishedtwodaysaheadoftimeMyadviceisthatyou(should)practisespeakingEnglishasoftenaspossible注意:當(dāng)suggest表示“暗示〞;insist表示“堅持認為〞時不用虛擬！HisaccentsuggestshecomesfromHunan.IinsistthathewaswrongHissilencesuggestedthatheagreedwithmydecisionHeinsiststhatdoingmorningexercisesdoesgoodtopeople’shealth.虛擬語氣特殊句型：1.wouldratherthat過去：現(xiàn)在/未來：過去完成時一般過去時Iwouldratheryoupaid

menow.Iwouldratheryou

hadgone,too.Don’tcome.Iwouldratheryou

cametomorrow.我真希望你告訴我真相。

I’dratheryou

told

methetruth.我寧愿不再見著你。

I’dratherI

didn’tsee

youagain.我倒希望他們和我一起去。Iwouldrathertheywent

withme.2.asif/though+Clause現(xiàn)在：過去：將來:did/were(現(xiàn)在)haddone(過去)Shelovesthebabyasifit

wereherownson.HespokeEnglishwellasifshehadstudiedEnglishinEngland.MrsSmithsobbedasifherheartwouldbreak.would+動詞原形(將來)1.Whenapencilispartlyinaglassofwater,itlooksasifit__________.A.breaksB.hasbrokenC.werebrokenD.hadbeenbroken2.Theactoris58yearsold.Butheactsasifhe_______ayoungman.A.isB.willbeC.amD.were3.Thecloudsaregettingdarkeranddarker.Itlooksasifit_______rain.A.isgoingtoB.willC.wasgoingtoD.would注意：如果表示的事情可能會發(fā)生，那么狀語從句中的謂語動詞可用陳述語氣。Itlooksasifyou

are

tired.3.It’s(about/high)time+that---過去時should+V.你該走了。It’shightimethatyouwent.It’shightimethatyouweregoing.It’shightimethatyoushouldgo.我們該去睡覺了。It’stimethatwewenttobed.It’stimethatweshouldgotobed.4.without和butfor構(gòu)成虛擬。butfor要不是Withoutsunlight,people’slifewouldbedifferentfromtoday.Butforyourhelp,Iwouldn’thavefinishedthework.Withoutyourhelp,Iwouldhavefailed.Butforwater,itwouldbeimpossibletoliveinthedesert.5.Ifonly(1)…要是就好了=IwishIfonlyIknew

hisnamenow!Ifonlywehadfollowedyouradvicelasttime!IfonlyIcouldsee

himagainnextyear!要是我們的父母能和我們住在一起就好了。Ifonlyourparents

couldlivewith

us!IfonlyI

hadn’tmissedthe

train!要是我沒錯過火車就好了.6.It’snecessary/strange/natural/important+that---Clause從句中的動詞要用虛擬，即〔should〕+動詞原形Itisimportantthatwe

(should)masteraforeignlanguage.Itisstrangethatshe

refuse

tocometotheparty.It’snecessarythatwe

shouldstudyhard.7.otherwise和supposing也可以引導(dǎo)虛擬語氣。例如：Thestormstopped,otherwisethesailorswouldhavefallen

intothesea.Suppose(supposing)yourfriends

knew

howyouarebehavinghere,whatwould

theythink?Exercises:

1Hesuggestedthatthemeeting

putoff.

A.notbe

B.shouldnot

C.wouldn’t

D.benot

2Itisstrangethathe

so.

A.thinks

B.think

C.thought

D.willthink

3IwishI

myuncleyesterday.

A.met

B.havemet

C.wouldmeet

D.hadmet

4Theoldprofessorgaveordersthattheexperiment

before6.

A.wasfinished

B.willfinish

C.befinished

D.shallbefinished

5.Shesaysshe’dratherhe____tomorrowinsteadoftoday.A.hadB.shouldleav