湖南省百校大聯(lián)考2023-2024學(xué)年高一上學(xué)期12月月考英語試題

高一英語考試注意事項：1.答題前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、考生號、考場號、座位號填寫在答題卡上。2.回答選擇題時，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號涂黑。如需改動，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號?；卮鸱沁x擇題時，將答案寫在答題卡上。寫在本試卷上無效。3.考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。例:Howmuchistheshirt?A.￡19.15.B.￡9.18.C.￡9.15.答案是C。1.Whattimeisitnow?A.About5:20pm.B.About5:40pm.C.About6:00pm.2.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Thelanguagetolearn.B.Thefilmtowatch.C.Thecoursetoattend.3.Whatwillthemandotonight?A.Stayathome.B.Gotoaclub.C.Attendameeting.4.Wherearethespeakers?A.Inabank.B.Inarestaurant.C.Inastore.5.Whydidthemanleavehislastjob?A.Tobeefamous.B.Tostudyfurther.C.Tofindanewjob.第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分,滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.Whatdoesthewomanprobablydo?A.Anassistant.B.Adoctor.C.Aprofessor.7.Whenwillthemangotoseethedoctor?A.OnWednesday.B.OnThursday.C.OnFriday.聽第7段材料，回答第8、9題。8.Whatistheconversationmainlyabout?A.Abuilding.B.Adesigner.C.Apicture.9.Whichsubjectdoesthewomanlikebest?A.History.B.Music.C.Math.聽第8段材料，回答第10至12題。10.HowdidAndyfeelwhenhefirstarrivedattheclassroom?A.Excitedandpleased.B.Anxiousandafraid.C.Embarrassedandannoyed.11.WhatcanweknowaboutMrPerry?A.Heisstrict.B.Heisenergetic.C.Heisfunny.12.Whydidthebellringat12:00?A.Totellstudentsclassisover.B.Totellstudentstohavelunch.C.Toremindstudentstoattendclass.聽第9段材料,回答第13至16題。13.WhatdoesthemanthinkofLucy'stakingflyinglessons?A.Surprising.B.Impractical.C.Interesting.14.WhatdoesLucyworkas?A.Apilot.B.Anurse.C.Adoctor.15.Whatdoesthemanadvisethewomantodo?A.Toteachinacollege.B.Tostartherownrestaurant.C.ToteachanItaliancookingclass.16.Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Husbandandwife.B.Brotherandsister.C.Teacherandstudent.聽第10段材料,回答第17至20題。17.Wheredoesthespeakerefrom?A.Australia.B.America.C.England.18.WhatdoEnglishpeoplethinkofAmericans?A.Humorous.B.Quiet.C.Friendly.19.WhatdidthespeakerliketodointheafternooninEngland?A.Toenjoyafternoontea.B.Towatchedyshows.C.Toplaywithhisfriends.20.WhatdidthespeakerfindamazinginEngland?A.TheTVprograms.B.Theoldbuildings.C.Theteashops.第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分,滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。AOutdoorFootball@BraywickTue,Mar8,9:00P.M.Afriendlyfootballgame,opentoalllevels.Differentplayerseachweek.Newersarewele.Webookthepitch(球場)whenwehittheminimumof8“yes”RSVPs(回復(fù)),whichweneedtodobythedaybefore.Thecostis?4to?6each,dependingonhowmanysignup(￡50forthepitch,dividedbythenumberofplayers).DON'TBELATE!Weneedtobethere,changeandbereadyforkickoffat9:00P.M.Ifthegameisevercancelled,wewillletthosewhohavealreadyRSVPed“yes”know.LOCATION:TobyCarveryStaffertonLodgePLEASEBRING:·Suitablebootsfortheoutdoor3Gpitches.Artificialgrass(AG)footballbootsarestronglyremendedasthebestoptionforthesurface.·Somecash—upto￡6,asexplainedabove.RSVPTERMSANDCONDITIONS:·WhenyouRSVP“Yes”,webookaspotonthepitchforyou.Theorganizerischargedforthepitchunlesstheycancelitatleast48hoursbeforethegame.·IfyouchangeyourRSVPto“No”lessthan48hoursbeforeplayoryouarea“NoShow”andnobodyisabletotakeyourspot,youwillbeaskedtopaythepriceasifyoutookpart.BRINGINGGUESTS:Youaremorethanweletobring1or2friendstoplay(butonlyifyouadd“+1”or“+2”toyourRSVP,sothatwedon'tendupwithtoomanyplayers).21.Whatisthedeadlineforthebookingofthepitch?A.Mar5.B.Mar6.C.Mar7.D.Mar8.22.Whatisanorganizerrequiredtodo?A.Toarriveatthepitchat9:00P.M.B.Towearfirmgroundbootswhenplaying.C.Tobringatleast￡6tothepitch.D.Toinformcancellation48hoursahead.23.Whatwillhappenifyoufailtoturnup?A.Youstillneedtopay.B.Youcanjoininthenextgameforfree.C.Youwillbefinedforit.D.Youwillbebannedfromthegames.BChenGuanghuiisaguardianforblackneckedcranes(黑頸鶴)intheDashanbaoBlackneckedCraneNationalNatureReserveofZhaotongcity,insouthwestChina'sYunnanProvince.Whistling(吹口哨)isthesecretlanguageChenusestomunicatewiththeblackneckedcranes,atypeofmigratorybirdunderfirstclassprotectioninChina.Shesaysdifferentwhistlessignaldifferentthings.Whenshewhistlesinanincreasingtone,shetriestotellthecranes:askyourpanionstoebackforlunch,andtheywouldchirp(吱喳叫)tospreadthemessagerightaway.LivingneartheDashanbaoNatureReserve,amajorwinterhabitat(棲息地)fortherarespecies,Chenstartedtotakecareofthemin2003,amissionshetookoverfromhermother,whosedevotiondatesbacktothe1990s.“Inthefirstfewdays,IrememberedtheyranawayassoonasIapproachedthem.Iwasveryupsetandaskedmymomtoeback,andIwasworriedtheywouldstarve,”saysChen.“Iinitiallytriedeverything,evensingingfolksongstoattractthem,butfailed.Later,Iusedspecialwhistlesandgraduallyformedclosebondwiththecranes.”“Itreatthemasiftheyweremyownchildren,andI'malwaysconcernedaboutthem,especiallyduringsnowydayswhentheycan'tgetfood.IfeelunfortableandanxiouswhenIhearthemchirpandusuallyrushtopreparecornforthem.”It'sneverbeenaneasyjob,andChenhassustainedquiteafewinjuriesovertheyears,evenfallingintofrozenmarsh(沼澤)whiletryingtosaveatrappedcranein2008.However,shenevergaveup.Withloveandresponsibility,shehaspersistedincaringforthecranesforabout20years.ThankstothejointprotectioneffortsofChenandstaffmembersatthenaturereserve,nowmorethan1,900blackneckedcranesoverwinterintheareaeachseasoneveryyear,upfromabout300whenthenaturereservewasestablished.24.HowdoesChenGuanghuimunicatewithblackneckedcranes?A.Bysingingfolksongs.B.Byimitatingchirpsofbirds.C.Bymakinghandgestures.D.Byblowingspecialwhistles.25.Whatdotheunderlinedwords“amission”inparagraph2referto?A.Rescuinginjuredanimals.B.Restoringhabitatsforrarespecies.C.Lookingafterblackneckedcranes.D.BuildingDashanbaoNatureReserve.26.HowdidChenGuanghuifeelaboutherinitialattemptsatthework?A.Itisinspiring.B.Itisfrustrating.C.Itisinteresting.D.Itisexciting.27.WhatcanwelearnfromChen'sstory?A.Effortsbearfruit.B.Fortunefavorsthebrave.C.Virtueisitsownreward.D.Amissisasgoodasamile.CTakinggoodcareofyourteethmaybelinkedtobetterbrainhealth,accordingtoastudypublishedintheJuly5,2023,onlineissueofNeurology.“Ourstudyfoundthatgum(牙齦)diseaseandtoothlosswerelinkedtobrainshrinkage(萎縮)inthehippocampus(海馬體),whichplaysaroleinmemoryandAlzheimer'sdisease,”saidstudyauthorSatoshiYamaguchi,Ph.D.ofTohokuUniversityinSendai,Japan.Thestudyinvolved172peoplewithoutmemoryproblems.Theiraverageagewas67.Participantshaddentalexamsandtookmemorytestsatthebeginningofthestudy.Theyalsohadbrainscanstomeasurethevolumeoftheirhippocampusatthebeginningofthestudy.Thiswasmeasuredagainfouryearslater.Foreachparticipant,researcherscountedthenumberofteethandcheckedforamountofgumdisease.Researchersfoundthatthenumberofteethandamountofgumdiseasewaslinkedtochangesinthelefthippocampusofthebrain.Forpeoplewithslightgumdisease,havingfewerteethwasassociatedwithafasterrateofbrainshrinkage,whichisthesameforpeoplewithseriousgumdiseasehavingmoreteeth.Afteradjustingforage,researchersfoundthatforpeoplewithslightgumdisease,theincreaseintherateofbrainshrinkageduetoonelesstoothwasequaltonearlyoneyearofbrainaging.Bycontrast,forpeoplewithseveregumdisease,theincreaseinbrainshrinkageduetoonemoretoothwasequalto1.3yearsofbrainaging.“Theseresultshighlighttheimportanceofpreservingthehealthoftheteethandnotjustmaintainingtheteeth,”Yamaguchisaid.“Thefindingssuggestthatcontrollingtheprogressionofgumdiseasethroughregulardentalvisitsiscrucial,andthatteethwithseriousgumdiseasemayneedtoberemovedandreplacedwithappropriatefalseones.”Yamaguchisaidfuturestudiesareneededwithlargergroupsofpeople.ThelimitationofthestudyisthatitwasconductedinoneregionofJapan,sotheresultsmaynotbeappliedtootherlocations.28.WhatisYamaguchi'sstudymainlyabout?A.Thecausesofgumdisease.B.Thesymptomsofbrainshrinkage.C.Thewaystotakegoodcareofone'steeth.D.Theconnectionbetweentheteethandthebrain.29.Howdidresearchersreachtheconclusion?A.Bymakingparisons.B.Byreferringtopreviousstudies.C.Byconductingasurveyamongdentists.D.Byprovingexperts'theoryinexperiments.30.Whatdotheresearchfindingsindicate?A.Gumdiseaseisincreasingamongpeople.B.Thehealthofgumisofgreatimportance.C.Removingnaturalteethisbadfordentalhealth.D.Doingaroutinedentalcheckupcanavoidgumdisease.31.WhatisexpectedofthefuturestudiesaccordingtoYamaguchi?A.Exploringtreatmentsforgumdisease.B.Seekingnewmethodstoimprovebrainhealth.C.Involvingpeoplefromotherplacesintheresearch.D.ApplyingtheresearchtorelieveAlzheimer'sdisease.DMostautonomousvehicles(車輛)testdrivingincitiesnavigate(導(dǎo)航)byusing3Dmapsmarkingeveryedgeofroadsidewithalmostcentimeterlevelaccuracy.Butfewplaceshavebeenmappedinsuchdetail,whichhasleftmostareaslikesmallertownsdifficulttoreachtothosedriverlesscars.ResearchersattheMassachusettsInstituteofTechnology(MIT)nowhavedevelopedanewnavigationsystemthatguidesautonomousvehicleswithoutsuchaccuratemaps.Thistechnologycanhelpdriverlesscarstravelalmostanywhere.Thenavigationsystemmapsoutacoursedownunfamiliarroadsmuchasahumandriverwouldbycontinuallyscanningitssurroundings,withalasersensor(激光感應(yīng)器),tomeasurehowcloseitistotheedgesoftheroad.Meanwhile,thecaralsofollowsatoollikeasmartphonemapappthatprovidesdirectionstoitsdestination,aswellasinformationabouttherulesoftheroad,suchasspeedlimitsandthepositionsofstoplights.TeddyOrt,aroboticistatMIT,testdroveacarequippedwiththisnavigationsystemonaonewayroad.Itslowlytraveledonekilometerwithoutanyhumanassistance.Thissystemassumesthatacarhasaclearpathdowntheroad,butitcanbepairedwithotherexistingputingtechnologytodiscoverinroadobstacles,saysOrt.Theresearchersalsoplantobuildaversionofthissystemwhichcanspotmarkingspaintedonstreets,sothatthecarcandriveontwowayroads.“Selfdrivingcarswiththisnavigationsystemmayneedothersensorstoworkindifferentconditions,”saysAlexanderWyglinski,anelectricalengineeratWorcesterPolytechnicInstitute.“Sincelasersensorsdon'tworkwellinrainorsnow,thesecarsmightneedadditionalimagingtechnologiestodrivesafelyinbadweather.”32.Whatmaybeaproblemformostdriverlesscars?A.Theirmapsareoutdated.B.Theyruninlimitedareas.C.Theirguidesareunreliable.D.Theyfailintestdriving.33.WhatcanweinferabouttheMITnavigationsystem?A.Itworksbyscanningtheroad.B.Itfeaturesasmartphoneapp.C.Itremovesinroadobstacles.D.Itincludesaccuratemaps.34.WhatisthepurposeofParagraph4?A.Toconfirmthetestdriveresults.B.Toindicatefurtherresearchareas.C.Torecognizescientists'achievements.D.Toshowthecreativityofdriverlesscars.35.Whatisthemainideaofthetext?A.Autonomouscarsbeathumandriversoncountryroads.B.Navigatingselfdrivingcarsmayworkindifferentcondition.C.Smartmappingtechnologyaddstothefunctionsofselfdrivingcars.D.Anewnavigationsystemhelpsautonomouscarsdriveremoteroads.第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分,滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項，選項中有兩項為多余選項。Worldwide,atleast13%ofpeoplebetweentheagesof10and19livewithadiagnosedmentalhealthdisorder,accordingtothelatestStateoftheWorld'sChildrenreport.36.Italsoshowsthatadolescentmentalhealthishighlyplex,understudiedandunderfunded.Psychologicaldistress(困擾)amongyoungpeopleseemstoberising.OnestudyfoundthatratesofdepressionamongUSadolescents(aged12to17)increasedfrom8.5%ofyoungadultsto13.2%between2005and2017.Anotherevidenceisthatthecoronaviruspandemicworsensthistrendinsomecountries.Forexample,inanationwidestudyfromIceland,adolescents(aged13to18)reportedsignificantlymoresymptomsofmentalillhealthduringthepandemicthandidtheirpeersbeforeit.37.However,thereisonlyonethirdofinvestmentinmentalhealthresearchthatisdirectedmainlyatyoungpeople.Moreover,scientistsinvolvedtendtoworkinsidetheirownfields.38,whichmeanseffectiveformsofpreventionandtreatmentarelimited.39.AlexanderDarosattheCampbellFamilyMentalHealthInstituteinTorontoandcolleaguesreportananalysisof90randomizedcontrolledtests.Theyfoundthathelpingyoungpeopletoimprovetheiremotionregulation(情緒調(diào)節(jié))skills,whichareneededtocontrolemotionalresponsestodifficultsituations,canenablethemtodealbetterwithanxietyanddepression.Alongwiththereport,thestudiesalsostressthepartthatfundersmusturgentlyplay,andwhyresearchersandmunitiesmustworktogetheronmorestudiesaboutyoungpeople,40.Together,wecanalldobettertocreateabrighter,healthierfutureforagenerationofyoungpeoplewhoarefacingmorechallengesthaneverbefore.A.Luckily,researchershavebeguntoinvestigatewaysB.genuinelyinvolvingyoungpeopleascoinvestigatorsC.whichcantaketheirneedsandconditionintoconsiderationD.AndthelinksbetweenresearchandhealthcareservicesareoftenpoorE.AndgirlsweremorelikelytoexperiencethesesymptomsthanwereboysF.ButinterpersonalskillscanbemoreeffectiveinpreventingandtreatinganxietyG.Ithighlightstheurgentneedforpreventionandtreatmentofyouthmentalhealth第三部分語言運用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分,滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。WhenIwasyoung,Iwonderedwhyneighborhoodsdidn'tplantfruittreestobuildmunity.Later,myhusbandandIdecidedtherightwaytoanswerthisquestionwastodoitourselves,sowesetabout41ourfrontyardwithfruittrees,suchasstrawberries,pomegranates(石榴)andoranges.Everycropbroughtus42toneighborsandstrangers.Thefoodwasa(n)43tomunicate.Kidsintheneighborhood,includingoursons,learnedpatienceandgentletiming.Whenwehadextra,we'd44it.Then,wereceiveda45lesson:agifthiddenasaloss.Ourfirstevercropofpomegranateshadripened,46atharvest,theywereallgone,47inthemiddleofthenight.Wewereshocked,sadand48.Oneofmyfriendshadfunsuggestingweposta49tocurse(詛咒)thethieves.50,wemadeadecisionthatwereallyneedasign,butoursignwouldencouragesharingandmunity.Lastfall,wehadalargercropofpomegranates.Wepostedasignthat51,“Ifyou’dlikeone,pleaseknockandintroduceyourselfandwe’dbehappytocutone52thetreeforyou.Cutting53thebranchesandisgoodforfuturegrowthsowecancontinuetosharewithnewfriendslikeyou.Thanks,theGreenFamily.”Today,Iamhappytorolemodel54formyyoungsonsandtohavebeenblessedwiththeopportunityto55anedible(可食的)frontyardforothers.41.A.fillingB.movingC.diggingD.entering42.A.colderB.closerC.moreaccustomedD.moreresponsible43.A.limitB.approvalC.excuseD.promise44.A.sellB.shareC.enjoyD.eat45.A.challengingB.strictC.strangeD.powerful46.A.andB.soC.orD.but47.A.stolenB.soughtC.deliveredD.damaged48.A.frightenedB.thrilledC.annoyedD.embarrassed49.A.noteB.signC.mailD.card50.A.AtlengthB.BycontrastC.InadditionD.Onpurpose51.A.readB.wroteC.spokeD.meant52.A.upB.acrossC.offD.out53.A.nourishesB.beautifiesC.spreadsD.saves54.A.cooperationB.sacrificeC.generosityD.petence55.A.displayB.provideC.buyD.reject第二節(jié)(共10小題;每小題1.5分,滿分15分)閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Aswewalkthe“pathoflife”,wemaysometimeswishtobealone,forquietperiodsof56(reflect)canleadtopersonalimprovement.However,asweliveinsocialgroups,closefriendshipsare57(benefit)tohumans.Generallyspeaking,closefriendshiphas“threefruits”:theymayforttheheart,advisethehead,andhelpusachievethegoalswesetfor58(we).Thefirstfruitoffriendshipisthepeacethatesfromhavingsomeonewith59wecanshareourjoy,sadness,successandfailure.Here,friendshiphas60doubleadvantage—happinesstakesonagreatermeaningandatroublesharedbeesatroublehalved.Thesecondfruitoffriendshipisbetterunderstandingandjudgmentthatareachievedthroughconversations61wellmeaningandwisefriends.Ifwe62(guide)onlybyourownfeelings,ourjudgmentsmaybeonesided.Thethirdfruitoffriendshipisthehelpthatafriendmayofferinmanydifferentways.Therearesomanythingsinlifethatcanonlybeachievedwiththehelpoffriends.Theycanhelpusachieve63wewantduringlifeand,perhaps,evenafterdeath.Finally,itshouldbepointedoutthat64(enjoy)thepanyofacrowdisnotthesameasbeingwithfriends.Friendsshouldbecarefullychosenandrelationshipscarefullydeveloped.Onlyinthiswaycanwebetterwalkthe“pathoflife”withthesupport,adviceandhelpfromour65(trust)friends.第四部分寫作(共兩節(jié)，滿分40分)第一節(jié)(滿分15