湖南雅禮中學(xué)2023-2024學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期月考(一)英語(yǔ)試題

湖南省雅禮中學(xué)2023-2024學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期月考（一）英語(yǔ)試題一、閱讀理解IfyouwanttounderstandChinabutcan’taffordanexpensiveinternationalflight,thesefourbookscangiveyouacompleteoverviewofthecountry.RiverTownRiverTown:TwoYearsontheYangtzebyPeterHessler-Thisbookisajournaloftheauthor’stwoyearsspentteachingEnglishinasmalltowncalledFuling,situatedonthebanksoftheYangtzeRiver.Hesslerwritesabouthisexperienceslivinginaforeigncultureandobservingthelivesofthetown’sresidents.Thebookwaspublishedin2001andhaswonseveralawards,includingtheKiriyamaPrize.DengXiaopingandtheTransformationofChinaItisabookthattellsthestoryofChina’smodernization.ItwaswrittenbyEzraVogelandpublishedin2011.TheauthordescribeshowDengXiaoping’spoliciesledtosignificantchangesinChina’seconomyandsociety.ThebookhasreceivedcriticalhonorsandwontheLionelGelberPrizeIn2012.TheSearchforModernChinabyJonathanSpenceThisbookisacomprehensivehistoryofChinafromtheMingdynastytothepresentday.Theauthor,aprominentscholarofChinesehistory,providesadetailedanalysisofthesocial,cultural,andpoliticalchangesthathavetakenplaceinChinaoverthepast500years.Thebookwasfirstputoutin1990andhassincebeenrevisedandupdatedseveraltimes.Thisbookwasthetopbestsellerforyears.FactoryGirls:FromVillagetoCityinaChangingChinaWrittenbyLeslieT.Chang,thisbook,publishedin2008,isreportageonthelivesofyoungwomenwholeavetheirruralhomestoworkinfactoriesinChina’scities.Chang,aformerNewYorkTimescorrespondent(someonewhoisemployedbyanewspaperoratelevisionstationetc.toreportnewsfromaparticularareaoronaparticularsubject),interviewedhundredsoffactorygirlstoprovideinsightintothesocialandeconomicchangesinChina.1.WhatkindofbookisRiverTown?A．Sciencefiction.B．Nonfiction.C．AtravelguideofFuling.D．Areferencebook.2.WhatisTRUEaboutTheSearchforModernChinabyJonathanSpence?A．Itwaspublished500yearsago.B．Itwaswrittenbyahistoryteacher.C．Itwasverypopular.D．Ithasremainedthesamesinceitsfirstpublication.3.Whichbookiswrittenbyareporter?A．RiverTown.B．DengXiaopingandtheTransformationofChina.C．TheSearchforModernChina.D．FactoryGirls:FromVillagetoCityinaChangingChina.

Fouryearsago,RomeLeykinwasonhiswaytoworkwhenheaccidentallyfellontothetracksofBrooklyn'sLtrainasasubwaywasapproaching.Theincidentresultedinthelossofbothofhislegs.Butsurprisingly,withthelossofhislegs,Leykingainedanewpassionforracing.Beforehisaccident,hewasn'treallythatathletic.Hewouldjustoccasionallyplaybasketball.Butthatallchangedafterhewasintroducedtohandcycling.“WhenIsawit,Iwaslike,‘Oh,thisisgreat.Youdon'tevenneedlegstouseit.Thisisperfect.’”hesaid.“So,Igotonit,Irodeandfellinlovewithitrightaway.”Withinafewmonths,hecompletedtheTDFiveBoroBikeTour.a40-mileridethroughNewYorkCity.Afterthat,hedidhisfirstmarathonin2021.Hefishedthatracein2hoursand11minutes,placing12thoutof38.“I'mgoingtoattendthisyear'smarathonandtakeonchallenges.Myhandsareonthewheel,myeyesarefocused,andIthinkmytimeisgoingtospeakforitself.”hesaid.He'smadeasignificantcommitmenttotraining.Hehandcyclesatleast13.1milesacoupletimesaweekandspendsalotoftimeinthegym.Andheplanstokeeppursuinghisathletegoals.HewantstocompletetheAbbottSix-theworld'ssixlargestmarathons.Oneday,hesaid,he'llmaybeevenmaketheParalympics.Forthosewhomightbefollowinghisjourney,hehopestheywilltakesomelessonsfromhisstory.“Therewillbeupsanddownsbutthetrendiswhat'simportant.Focusonthegood,”hesaid.“Andalso,takeyourbigproblemsandsplitthemintosmallsolutions.Andthenallofasudden,yourbigproblemsturnintomanysmallwins.”4.WhatcanwelearnaboutRomeLeykinfromparagraph2?A．Heoncewasanexcellentbasketballplayer.B．Heconsideredhandcyclingdifficultinthebeginning.C．Hemadehandcyclingmorepopularamongthedisabled.D．Heshowedaninterestinhandcyclingthemomenthesawit.5.HowdidRomeLeykinfeelaboutthecomingmarathon?A．Worried.B．Curious.C．Confident.D．Nervous.6.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeRomeLeykin?A．Easy-goingandreliable.B．Kind-heartedandhelpful.C．Open-mindedandcreative.D．Strong-willedandambitious.7.WhatmessagedoesRomeLeykinconveyinthelastparagraph?A．Sticktoyourdreams.B．Breakdownyourgoals.C．Focusonyourstrengths.D．Achievesuccessatallcosts.

AroundtheSaharaDesert,daytimetemperaturescanreach140degreesFahrenheit(60degreesCentigrade).Notmanyorganismscansurviveinthissevereenvironment.ButaninsectcalledtheSaharansilverantthrives.Theyquicklyrunontothesandfromtheirprotectedneststogatherupthebodiesoflessfortunateinsectsthathavediedfromtheheat.“Thehottertheday,themoreinsectbodiestheywillfindandthemorefoodtheyhave.”saysSarahPfeffer,ananimalbehavioristatUlmUniversityinGermany.ShesaysthattoavoidsinkingintotheSaharansand,wheretheycouldmeetthesamefateastheirlunch,silverantshavetobefast.Todocumentjusthowquicklytheantsmove,Pfefferandhercolleaguessetuphigh-speedcamerasaboveachannelbetweentheentrancetothehungryants'nestandafoodsource.Theresearchersrecordedtopspeedsapproaching35inchespersecond.“Butifyoureallyknowhowbigtheanimalsare,andyoucalculatethebodylengthpersecond,youcomeupwithawalkingspeedthatisanastonishing108bodylengthspersecond.”Thatfiguremakesthemthefastestknownantontheplanet.Thevideosrevealedhowtheantsachievesuchgreatspeeds.Astheyaccelerate.theirlegmovementsbecomesynchronized(同步的).Theyincreasetheirsteplengthbybringingallsixfeetoffthesandatonce.“Really,alllegsareliftedfromtheground.Theyareinair,butit'snotjumping.It'saverysmoothrunthattheyhave”saysPfeffer.Pfeffersaysthey'refasterthanacloselyrelatedantspeciescalledCataglyphisfortis,whichhaslongerlegsbutalessimpressiveairbornephase(騰空階段).Thatantonlyreachesabout24inchespersecond,ortwothirdsofthesilverant'smaximum.TheSaharansilverants'rapidspeedsmaybeimpressive,buttwoinsectsareevenLaster:theCaliforniacoastalmiteandtheAustraliantigerbeetle,bothofwhichalsothriveatlife-threateningtemperatures.Seemsthattobeattheheat,itpaystobefleet.8.Theunderlinedword"thrives"inthefirstparagraphprobablymeans“________”.A．becomesextinctB．movesawayC．getsweakerD．livessuccessfully9.WhatcanwelearnaboutSaharansilverantsfromthepassage?A．Theysometimesdiefromtheheat.B．Theyarethefastestknownanimalsontheplanet.C．Theirlegmovementsbecomesynchronizedwhentheyspeedup.D．TheymovefasterthantheCaliforniacoastalmiteandtheAustraliantigerbeetle.10.WhatdoestheauthorwanttoexplainbywingtheexampleoftheCauliformCrestamile?A．It'simportanttobefastinanextremecondition.B．Notmanyorganismscansurviveinasevereenvironment.C．TheanimalhasalessimpressivespeedthantheSaharansilverant.D．SaharansilverantsgatherupthebodiesoftheCaliforniacoastalmites.11.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A．AnimalsSurviveinExtremeHotB．TheFastestKnownBeetleonthePlanetC．FleetAntBeatsSaharanHeatD．AntsIncreaseStepLengthbyJumping

ResearchersattheUniversityofMassachusettsAmherst(UMassAmherst)recentlyannouncedthattheyhavefiguredouthowtoengineerabiofilm(生物膜)thatharveststheenergyinevaporation(蒸發(fā))andchangesittoelectricity.Thisbiofilm,whichwasannouncedinNatureCommunications,hasthepotentialtorevolutionizetheworldofwearableelectronics,poweringeverythingfrompersonalmedicalsensorstopersonalelectronics.“Thisisaveryexcitingtechnology,”saysLiuXiaomeng,graduatestudentinelectricalandcomputerengineeringinUMassAmherst’sCollegeofEngineeringandthepaper’sleadauthor.“Itgeneratesrealgreenenergy,andunlikeotherso-called‘green-energy’sources,itsproductionistotallygreen.”That’sbecausethisbiofilm-whichisasheetofbacterialcellsandasthinasasheetofpaper-isproducednaturallybyan,engineeredversionofthebacteriumGeobactersulfurreducens(硫還原地桿菌).G.sulfurreducensisknowntoproduceelectricityandhasbeenusedpreviouslyin“microbialbatteries”topowerelectricalequipment.ButsuchbatteriesrequirethatG.sulfurreducensbeproperlycaredforandfedaconstantdiet.Bycontrast,thisnewbiofilm,whichcansupplyasmuchenergyasacomparablysizedbattery,workscontinuously,becauseitisdead.Andbecauseit’sdead,itdoesn’tneedtobefed.Thesecretbehindthisnewbiofilmisthatitmakesenergyfromthemoisture(水分)onyourskin.Thoughwedailyreadstoriesaboutsolarpower,atleast50%ofthesolarenergyreachingtheearthgoestowardevaporatingwater.“Thisisahuge,undiscoveredsourceofenergy,”saysYaoJun,professorofelectricalandcomputerengineeringatUMassAmherst,andthepaper’soneseniorauthor.Sincethesurfaceofourskinisconstantlymoistwithsweat,thebiofilmcan“pluginto”itandchangetheenergylockedinevaporationintoenoughenergytopowersmallequipment.“Ournextstepistoincreasethesizeofourfilmtopowermoreintelligentwearableelectronics,”saysYao,andLiupointsoutthatoneofthegoalsistopowerentireelectronicsystems,ratherthansingleequipment.12.Whatfunctionisthebiofilmexpectedtoachieve?A．Updatingwearableelectronics.B．Acquiringpowerfromevaporation.C．Changingthewayofgettingelectricity.D．Supplyingenergyto“microbialbatteries”.13.Whatistheadvantageofthebiofilmcomparedwith“microbialbatteries”?A．It’sthinnerinthickness.B．It’senvironmentallyfriendly.C．Itreducesthecostinusage.D．Itemploysarareenergysource.14.Howdoesthebiofilmpowersmalldevices?A．Byinteractingwithsolarpower.B．Bygainingenergyfromelectronicsystems.C．Byusingwatertogenerateelectricity.D．Byproducingcontinuouselectricityfromsweat.15.Whichofthefollowingbestdescribesthebiofilm?A．Flexible.B．Controversial.C．Promising.D．Delicate.

二、七選五YouAreaBetterPersonThanYouThinkYouAreMaybeyouhaven’tachievedgoalsinaself-appointedtimeframe.

16

Butthisdoesn’tmeanyouareabadpersonorafailure.Youcouldindeedbeawonderfulindividual.Youcouldactuallybeamuchbetterpersonthanyoubelieveyouare.So,let’sexaminetheideathatyoumightbebetterthanyouthink.

YoushowkindnessBeingpoliteandkindisthemarkofagoodperson.Whenyoudothis,youaretreatingotherslikeyouwouldwanttobetreated.

17

Eventhesmallestofthingsdonotgounnoticedandaretraitsthatyouhaveagoodheart.

YouareapositivepersonKeepinganoptimisticattitudeisalsoatraitofagoodpersonwithapowerfulcharacter.Itiseasytobecomenegativewithallthebadthingsgoingonintheworld,butthere’sanotherwaytolookatthesethings.Whenyou’reactuallybetterthanyouthink,youwillhavethehabitoflookingonthebrightsideofeverysituationandseeingthebestineveryone.

18

19

Beingwiseisnotaboutbeingintelligent.It’saboutlearningfromlifeexperiences.Whydoesthismakeyouabetterpersonthanyouthink?Wisdomcanbepassedtootherstohelpthemavoidthesamemistakesyoumade.Youareagoodpersonifyou’vecollectedwisdomandlovetosharelessonswithothers.So,goeasyonyourself.Appreciatewhoyouare.Iftherearethingsyouneedtochange,that’sokay.

20

It’saboutourattitudeandourheart.Ibet,ifyoutookthetimetoreadthis,youareabetterpersonthanyouthink.A．Yougivehonestcomments.B．It’sjustallaboutshowingoptimism.C．Weallhaveproblemsandimperfections.D．Youarewise,andyoushareyourwisdom.E．Maybeyouhavemademanymistakesaswell.F．Respectingothersandtheirspaceshowsadulthood,whichisasignofatrulygoodperson.G．Thismayincludeopeningdoorsforothersorpickingupchangeforpeopleinfrontofyouatthecheckoutline.

三、完形填空Imanageafinancialdepartment.Irecentlypromisedmyteamthatiftheyexceeded(超過)theirgoal,thecompanywould_________themtoaverygoodItalianrestaurantthatwealllove.Theyexceededthegoalbyalot,soImadea_________forthesixteenofus.Thedayofourouting,wewereseated.Rightawayandinawhilethewaitresstookour__________Then,thewaitresstoldusthatshewassorry,becausethepersonwhowassupposedtobehelpingherdidn't_________.Soshehadto_________ourparty,andothercustomersonherown.Shelookedvisibly_________whenItoldherthatIwouldpayforeverythingononecheckinsteadofseparatechecks.Ourorderingwasalittlechaotic(混亂的).Wewerebusyhavingfunandconversation,sononeofus_________that.Thefoodwasdeliciousandweenjoyeditverymuch.Itcametimeforthe_________and,aswasexplainedtomewhenImadethereservation,therestaurant_________an18%tiptothebill.ThebillcametoaboutUS$650beforethetipandIgavehermycreditcard.Shereturnedwithmyreceiptandthankedusand__________thattheirservicewasalittleslow.Wetoldhereverythingwasperfectandthankedherforworkingsohard.Shehadbeensonicetousand__________,thatIleftanadditionalUS$50cashtipinthereceiptfolder.Allofasudden,thewaitresscameoutoftherestaurantandgrabbedmyarm.IwasthinkingifIforgottosignthe__________orsomethingwhenInoticedshehad__________inhereyes.Shethankedmeforthetipandsaidshereallydidn't__________it.Shehadhada__________timelatelyandthetipreallywarmedherheart.21.A．deliverB．treatC．sendD．lead22.A．promiseB．reservationC．differenceD．remark23.A．orderB．invitationC．shelfD．menu24.A．setoffB．calmdownC．showupD．ringback25.A．observeB．a(chǎn)ttendC．handleD．postpone26.A．embarrassedB．shockodC．frightenedD．relieved27.A．mindedB．heardC．missedD．noticed28.A．wealthB．welfareC．paymentD．wage29.A．reducedB．passedC．returnedD．a(chǎn)dded30.A．a(chǎn)pologizedB．a(chǎn)nnouncedC．informedD．indicated31.A．generousB．patientC．honestD．intelligent32.A．formB．substituteC．procedureD．receipt33.A．smilesB．disappointmentC．tearsD．hope34.A．understandB．deserveC．wantD．expect35.A．toughB．warmC．wonderfulD．precious

四、用單詞的適當(dāng)形式完成短文閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。TibetanNewYear,alsoknownasLosar,isthemostimportantfestivalinTibetandiscelebratedfor15days,

36

(typical)fallinginFebruaryorMarch.In2023,TibetanNewYearfell

37

Feb.21.ThecelebrationsincludearangeofcustomsandtraditionsthatreflecttheuniquecultureandidentityoftheTibetanpeople.Beforethe

38

(arrive)oftheNewYear,Tibetansengageinthoroughcleaningoftheirhomesandsurroundings.Thispracticeistogetridofbadluckinthepreviousyear.Theyalsomakeofferingstothegodsandancestors

39

(seek)blessingsfortheupcomingyear.DecoratinghomesandpublicplacesisacommoncustomduringLosar.Inaddition,peoplealsodecoratetheirclotheswithpatterns,andtheirhair

40

(style)infashion.DuringtheNewYear,Tibetansenjoyfeastswiththeirfamilyandfriends.Traditionaldishessuchasmomos,atypeof

41

(steam)dumplingfilledwithmeatorvegetables,

42

Tibetanbuttertea,madefromyakbutterandtealeaves,areserved.SweettreatslikeTibetanbuttercookiesanddriedfruitarealsoenjoyed.TheLosarcelebrationscometo

43

endwithagrandceremony.Peoplegatherinpublicspacesandlightincense(香)andcandles

44

offeringfood,drinksandotheritemstothegods.ThisisfollowedbytheceremonyofthrowingTsampa,aroastedbarleyflourintotheairasasymboloflettinggoofthepastyearand

45

(embrace)newbeginnings.

五、其他應(yīng)用文46.假定你是李華，上周在某國(guó)外網(wǎng)站購(gòu)買了一支錄音筆，收貨后你發(fā)現(xiàn)它有很多質(zhì)量問題。請(qǐng)根據(jù)下列提示給客服經(jīng)理MissBrown發(fā)一封電子郵件。內(nèi)容包括：

1.寫信的目的；

2.產(chǎn)品（錄音筆）問題描述；

3.你期待商家如何解決問題。

注意：

1.寫作詞數(shù)應(yīng)為80左右；

2.請(qǐng)按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。

參考詞匯：錄音筆recordingpen

DearMissBrown

___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua

六、讀后續(xù)寫47.閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語(yǔ)續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。DuringthesummerbeforePattyenteredfifthgrade,shedecidedtotryanewsport.SwimtrainingwasnearlyoverandPattywasthefastestswimmerinheragegroup.Shehadalwaysbeenthebest.Theneighborhoodwasofferingaone-weektennistrainingcourse.PattyandherfriendDarlagotpermissionfromtheirparentstojoin.OnSaturdaymorning,Darla’smomtookthegirlstoastoreandboughtthemeachagood,usedtennisracket.“Ifyougirlssticktotennis,thenwe’lltalkaboutanewracket.Thesewilldofornow.”Thegirlswereexcitedabouttheirnewpurchases.OnMondaymorning,at7:00a.m.,Patty’smomwokeherup.“It’stimefortennis!”Pattycoveredherface.“Mom,it’stooearly!”Shemadegreatefforttogetoutofbedanddowntothebreakfasttable.PattyfinishedbreakfastandrantoDarla’shouse,thentheywalkedtothecourt.Mrs.Cane,thetenniscoach,linedeveryoneupandstartedwiththebasics.Afterthat,Mrs.Canetirelesslytaughtthem