高級二緝閱讀test31

劍橋BEC真題集高級第二輯

TEST3Reading

主講老師：孫超PARTONEQuestions1-8·Lookatthestatementsbelowandatthefiveextractsontheoppositepagefromanarticlegivingadvicetoself-employedconsultantsaboutnegotiatingfeesfortheirservices.PARTONEQuestions1-8·Lookatthestatementsbelowandatthefiveextractsontheoppositepagefromanarticlegivingadvicetoself-employedconsultantsaboutnegotiatingfeesfortheirservices.·Whichcompany(A,B,C,DorE)doeseachstatement(1-8)referto?·Foreachstatement(1-8),markoneletter(A,B,C,DorE)onyourAnswerSheet.·Youwillneedtousesomeoftheselettersmorethanonce.2Thebestresultofnegotiationiswhenbothpartieshaveasenseofsatisfaction.3Acceptingalowerfeemighthavebenefitsinthefuture.4…5Youshouldaskforafeeinexcessofwhatyouexpecttoget.2Thebestresultofnegotiationiswhenbothpartieshaveasenseofsatisfaction.3Acceptingalowerfeemighthavebenefitsinthefuture.4…5Youshouldaskforafeeinexcessofwhatyouexpecttoget.2Thebestresultofnegotiationiswhenbothpartieshaveasenseofsatisfaction.(E)3Acceptingalowerfeemighthavebenefitsinthefuture.(D)4…5Youshouldaskforafeeinexcessofwhatyouexpecttoget.(B)6Offertheotherpartyincentivestoagreetoyourfee.EWhennegotiatingmoney,theremaybenon-financialfactorsyoucanthrowintothemix.EWhennegotiatingmoney,theremaybenon-financialfactorsyoucanthrowintothemix.6Offertheotherpartyincentivestoagreetoyourfee.3Expertsareunlikelytofacilitateamovetogenuinefeedback.(E)8Itmayeobviousthatyouhavecometoregretadealyouhavemade.DAfterall,inthelongterm,there’slittlepointinagreeingtosomethingthatyou’renothappywith:you’relikelytofeelresentful,andthismightevencomeacrossinyourbehaviour..DAfterall,inthelongterm,there’slittlepointinagreeingtosomethingthatyou’renothappywith:you’relikelytofeelresentful,andthismightevencomeacrossinyourbehaviour.PART1應試技巧：先“易”后“難”(ShortMemory)PARTTWOQuestions9-14·Readthistextabouttrainingprogrammes.PARTTWOQuestions9-14·Readthistextabouttrainingprogrammes.·Choosethebestsentencefromtheoppositepagetofillineachofthegaps.·Foreachgap(9-14),markoneletter(A-H)onyourAnswerSheet.·Donotuseanylettermorethanonce.·Thereisanexampleatthebeginning,(0).REALTRAININGFORALL-ACTIONMANAGERSLearningbydoingisfamiliartoeverymanagersentonatrainingcourse.Invariablythisinvolvesrole-playbasedonstudiesoflong-agotriumphsanddisastersfromarelevantindustryororganisation.(0)HTheproblemis,anyexperienceofdecision-makinggainedfromrole-playhasoneobviousing:itisnotreallife.HManagersaretypicallycastaskeyfiguresinthesedramas,thencomparisonsaremadelaterbetweenhowtheydealtwiththefictionalsituationandtheactualevent.Totacklethisdilemma,someofthebestknowncompanieshavesetuptheInternationalManagementDevelopmentConsortium,whichprovidesarangeofexecutivedevelopmentprogrammesforstaffmembers(9)Whatthismeansisthattheyinvolve‘a(chǎn)ctionlearning’throughreal-lifesituations,andparticipantsworkasproblem-solvingconsultantsonprojectswithincompaniesengagedinday-to-daybusiness.Totacklethisdilemma,someofthebestknowncompanieshavesetuptheInternationalManagementDevelopmentConsortium,whichprovidesarangeofexecutivedevelopmentprogrammesforstaffmembers(9)Whatthismeansisthattheyinvolve‘a(chǎn)ctionlearning’throughreal-lifesituations,andparticipantsworkasproblem-solvingconsultantsonprojectswithincompaniesengagedinday-to-daybusiness.Totacklethisdilemma,someofthebestknowncompanieshavesetuptheInternationalManagementDevelopmentConsortium,whichprovidesarangeofexecutivedevelopmentprogrammesforstaffmembers(9)Whatthismeansisthattheyinvolve‘a(chǎn)ctionlearning’throughreal-lifesituations,andparticipantsworkasproblem-solvingconsultantsonprojectswithincompaniesengagedinday-to-daybusiness.CThedifferencebetweentheseprogrammesandtheaverageexecutivecourse,however,isthatthesecoursesarebasedontheconceptof‘live’consultancy.CThedifferencebetweentheseprogrammesandtheaverageexecutivecourse,however,isthatthesecoursesarebasedontheconceptof‘live’consultancy.CThedifferencebetweentheseprogrammesandtheaverageexecutivecourse,however,isthatthesecoursesarebasedontheconceptof‘live’consultancy.(10)Withinthistheyalsotaketrainingandrefreshercoursesintraditionalbusinessskillssuchasfinance,marketing,staffmanagementandstrategicplanning.Thesedisciplinesaretaughtbyamixofacademics,businesspeopleandseniormanagersfromConsortiumcompanieswhoalsomonitortheconsultancywork.ATheyarebeingoffered…BAswellasthesavings,…CThedifferencebetween…DInthisway,participantscan…EThismeansthat…FTypically,groupsofuptosixcoursemembersundertakeprojectsaspartofthisdevelopmentprogramme.GAnothermajoradvantageisthat…ATheyarebeingoffered…BAswellasthesavings,…CThedifferencebetween…DInthisway,participantscan…EThismeansthat…FTypically,groupsofuptosixcoursemembersundertakeprojectsaspartofthisdevelopmentprogramme.GAnothermajoradvantageisthat…ATheyarebeingoffered…BAswellasthesavings,…CThedifferencebetween…DInthisway,participantscan…EThismeansthat…FTypically,groupsofuptosixcoursemembersundertakeprojectsaspartofthisdevelopmentprogramme.GAnothermajoradvantageisthat…TheConsortiumsayslanguagedifficultiesarenotaproblemwhenconsultanciesareundertakenforforeigncompaniesonsite.Atranslatorisonhandtodealwithdifficultieswhicharisefromtechnicaltermsorjargon.(13)Thisisbecausetheyarenotchargedconsultancyfees,althoughanominalsumispayableforadministration.ThefundingfortheschemeisprovidedbyeachConsortiummemberwhocontributestothecostofrunningthetrainingcourses,andtheamountinvolvedisconsiderablylessthanfeeschargedbyleadingbusinessschools(14)‘Itis,’saystheChairman,‘a(chǎn)reallearningexperiencewithtechniquesthatcaneasilybeusedbackatwork.’

TheConsortiumsayslanguagedifficultiesarenotaproblemwhenconsultanciesareundertakenforforeigncompaniesonsite.Atranslatorisonhandtodealwithdifficultieswhicharisefromtechnicaltermsorjargon.(13)Thisisbecausetheyarenotchargedconsultancyfees,althoughanominalsumispayableforadministration.ThefundingfortheschemeisprovidedbyeachConsortiummemberwhocontributestothecostofrunningthetrainingcourses,andtheamountinvolvedisconsiderablylessthanfeeschargedbyleadingbusinessschools(14)‘Itis,’saystheChairman,‘a(chǎn)reallearningexperiencewithtechniquesthatcaneasilybeusedbackatwork.’

(13)Thisisbecausetheyarenotchargedconsultancyfees,althoughanominalsumispayableforadministration.ThefundingfortheschemeisprovidedbyeachConsortiummemberwhocontributestothecostofrunningthetrainingcourses,andtheamountinvolvedisconsiderablylessthanfeeschargedbyleadingbusinessschools(14)‘Itis,’saystheChairman,‘a(chǎn)reallearningexperiencewithtechniquesthatcaneasilybeusedbackatwork.’

GAnothermajoradvantageisthatthesecompaniesusuallygettheirproblemssolvedverycheaply.GAnothermajoradvantageisthatthesecompaniesusuallygettheirproblemssolvedverycheaply.BAswellasthesavings,therearealsothedividendsitpaysintheformofimprovedstaffperformance.BAswellasthesavings,therearealsothedividendsitpaysintheformofimprovedstaffperformance.PART2應試技巧：有時“排除法”最給力PART2應試技巧：做題以“段落”為單位PARTTHREEQuestions15-20·Readthefollowingarticleaboutbusinessschoolsandthequestionsontheoppositepage.PARTTHREEQuestions15-20·Readthefollowingarticleaboutbusinessschoolsandthequestionsontheoppositepage.·Foreachquestion(15-20),markoneletter(A,B,CorD)onyourAnswerSheet.15Whatdoesthefirstparagraphsuggestabouttheresearchgeneratedbybusinessschools?

AItsqualityisvariable.

BItslastingvalueisuncertain.

CIthasalwaysbeenproducedtooquickly.

DIthashadnoinfluenceonmanagement.Itisunclearyethowmuchofitwillstandthetestoftime,butforsheerindustry,thebusinessschoolsdeservecredit.15Whatdoesthefirstparagraphsuggestabouttheresearchgeneratedbybusinessschools?

AItsqualityisvariable.

BItslastingvalueisuncertain.

CIthasalwaysbeenproducedtooquickly.

DIthashadnoinfluenceonmanagement.15Whatdoesthefirstparagraphsuggestabouttheresearchgeneratedbybusinessschools?

AItsqualityisvariable.

BItslastingvalueisuncertain.

CIthasalwaysbeenproducedtooquickly.

DIthashadnoinfluenceonmanagement.16Inparagraphtwo,thewriterarguesthatbusinessschoolresearch

Atakesanegativeviewofthebusinesscommunity.

Bhasfailedtogivecredibilitytomanagementasadiscipline.

Cisdirectedatthewrongaudience.

Ddoesnotstanduptoacademicscrutiny.Whenitcomestoknowledgecreation,however,theyfindthemselvesindifficulties.Theyarecaughtbetweentheneedforacademicrigourandforreal-worldbusinessrelevance,whichtendtopullinoppositedirections.Whenitcomestoknowledgecreation,however,theyfindthemselvesindifficulties.Theyarecaughtbetweentheneedforacademicrigourandforreal-worldbusinessrelevance,whichtendtopullinoppositedirections.

16Inparagraphtwo,thewriterarguesthatbusinessschoolresearch

Atakesanegativeviewofthebusinesscommunity.

Bhasfailedtogivecredibilitytomanagementasadiscipline.

Cisdirectedatthewrongaudience.

Ddoesnotstanduptoacademicscrutiny.16Inparagraphtwo,thewriterarguesthatbusinessschoolresearch

Atakesanegativeviewofthebusinesscommunity.

Bhasfailedtogivecredibilitytomanagementasadiscipline.

Cisdirectedatthewrongaudience.

Ddoesnotstanduptoacademicscrutiny.17Inthethirdparagraph,thewritercriticisesthetheoriesofmanagementproducedbybusinessschoolsforbeingAprehensible.Bcontradictory.Cvague.Dinflexible.The‘onebestway’approachencouragesresearcherstomouldtheidiosyncrasiesofmanagerialrealityintotheirtightlydefinedmodelsofbehaviour.Figuresandstatisticsarefittedintolinearequationsandtidymodels.Economistsandothersocialscientistslabelthiscurvesmoothing.Meanwhile,realitycontinuallyrefusestoco-operate.The‘onebestway’approachencouragesresearcherstomould

theidiosyncrasiesofmanagerialrealityintotheirtightlydefinedmodelsofbehaviour.Figuresandstatisticsarefittedintolinearequationsandtidymodels.Economistsandothersocialscientistslabelthiscurvesmoothing.Meanwhile,realitycontinuallyrefusestoco-operate.17Inthethirdparagraph,thewritercriticisesthetheoriesofmanagementproducedbybusinessschoolsforbeingAprehensible.Bcontradictory.Cvague.Dinflexible.18Inthefourthparagraph,thewritersaysthatthebusinessschoolsystemcausesacademicsto

Abesatisfiedwithreinterpretingpreviousresearch.

Bavoidcomplicatedbusinessissues.

Cconcentrateonverynarrowfieldsofstudy.

Dfocusontopicsnolongerrelevanttobusinessneeds.Toalargeextent,theentirebusinessschoolsystemworksagainstuseful,knowledge-creatingresearch.Academicshavefiveyearsinwhichtoprovethemselvesiftheyaretomaketheacademicgrade.Toalargeextent,theentirebusinessschoolsystemworksagainstuseful,knowledge-creatingresearch.Academicshavefiveyearsinwhichtoprovethemselvesiftheyaretomaketheacademicgrade.Toalargeextent,theentirebusinessschoolsystemworksagainstuseful,knowledge-creatingresearch.Academicshavefiveyearsinwhichtoprovethemselvesiftheyaretomaketheacademicgrade.18Inthefourthparagraph,thewritersaysthatthebusinessschoolsystemcausesacademicsto

Abesatisfiedwithreinterpretingpreviousresearch.

Bavoidcomplicatedbusinessissues.

Cconcentrateonverynarrowfieldsofstudy.

Dfocusontopicsnolongerrelevanttobusinessneeds.20Whatisthewriter’spurposeinthistext?

Atoexpressregretatthegrowthofbusinessschools

Btopointoutaweaknessintheapproachofbusinessschools

Ctocriticisebusinessschoolsforproducingbadacademics

Dtoforecasttheeventualcollapseofbusinessschools20Whatisthewriter’spurposeinthistext?

Atoexpressregretatthegrowthofbusinessschools

Btopointoutaweaknessintheapproachofbusinessschools

Ctocriticisebusinessschoolsforproducingbadacademics

Dtoforecasttheeventualcollapseofbusinessschools20Whatisthewriter’spurposeinthistext?

Atoexpressregretatthegrowthofbusinessschools

Btopointoutaweaknessintheapproachofbusinessschools

Ctocriticisebusinessschoolsforproducingbadacademics

DtoforecasttheeventualcollapseofbusinessschoolsPART3

應試技巧：有時只能“排除法”PARTFOURQuestions21-30·Readthearticlebelowaboutexpandingaretailbusiness.PARTFOURQuestions21-30·Readthearticlebelowaboutexpandingaretailbusiness.·ChoosethebestwordtofilleachgapfromA,B,CorDontheoppositepage.·Foreachquestion(21-30),markoneletter(A,B,CorD)onyourAnswerSheet.Also,youneedtothinkaboutyourmarket.Isyourcurrentsitedoingasmuchbusinessasitcan(26)oraretherewaysyoucouldgrowwithoutopeningasecondbranch?Tryexpandinginternallyfirst.Similarly,don’t(27)thatjustbecauseyourbusinessissuccessfulinonetown,itwillimmediatelysucceedina(28)community.Researchyourpotentialmarketsbeforesettingupshop,and(29)yournewbranchtoanswerthespecificneedsofthesemarkets.Also,youneedtothinkaboutyourmarket.Isyourcurrentsitedoingasmuchbusinessasitcan(26)oraretherewaysyoucouldgrowwithoutopeningasecondbranch?Also,youneedtothinkaboutyourmarket.Isyourcurrentsitedoingasmuchbusinessasitcan(26)oraretherewaysyoucouldgrowwithoutopeningasecondbranch?26Adeal Bhold Chandle DcopeAlso,youneedtothinkaboutyourmarket.Isyourcurrentsitedoingasmuchbusinessasitcan(26)oraretherewaysyoucouldgrowwithoutopeningasecondbranch?26Adeal Bhold Chandle DcopeTryexpandinginternallyfirst.Similarly,don’t(27)thatjustbecauseyourbusinessissuccessfulinonetown,itwillimmediatelysucceedina(28)community.Tryexpandinginternallyfirst.Similarly,don’t(27)thatjustbecauseyourbusinessissuccessfulinonetown,itwillimmediatelysucceedina(28)community.27AassumeBtrust Crely DcountTryexpandinginternallyfirst.Similarly,don’t(27)thatjustbecauseyourbusinessissuccessfulinonetown,itwillimmediatelysucceedina(28)community.27AassumeBtrust Crely DcountTryexpandinginternallyfirst.Similarly,don’t(27)thatjustbecauseyourbusinessissuccessfulinonetown,itwillimmediatelysucceedina(28)community.28Aconnecting Bneighbouring Csurrounding DmatchingTryexpandinginternallyfirst.Similarly,don’t(27)thatjustbecauseyourbusinessissuccessfulinonetown,itwillimmediatelysucceedina(28)community.28Aconnecting Bneighbouring Csurrounding DmatchingResearchyourpotentialmarketsbeforesettingupshop,and(29)yournewbranchtoanswerthespecificneedsofthesemarkets.Researchyourpotentialmarketsbeforesettingupshop,and(29)yournewbranchtoanswerthespecificneedsofthesemarkets.29Ainvent Bamend Cdesign DinnovateResearchyourpotentialmarketsbeforesettingupshop,and(29)yournewbranchtoanswerthespecificneedsofthesemarkets.29Ainvent Bamend Cdesign DinnovatePART4應試技巧：“上下文”題目最后做PARTFIVEQuestions31-40·Readthearticlebelowaboutasuccessfulairline.PARTFIVEQuestions31-40·Readthearticlebelowaboutasuccessfulairline.·Foreachquestion(31-40),writeonewordinCAPITALLETTERSonyourAnswerSheet.·Thereisanexampleatthebeginning,(0).Theairlinehasalsoconfirmedthatitisinnegotiationswithanotherairlinetosellthewholeof(39)20percentholdinginBorderAir.However,executivesarerefusingtorevealthenameoftheinterestedpartyuntiladefiniteagreement(40)reached.Theairlinehasalsoconfirmedthatitisinnegotiationswithanotherairlinetosellthewholeof(39)20percentholdinginBorderAir.However,executivesarerefusingtorevealthenameoftheinterestedpartyuntiladefiniteagreement(40)reached.ITSTheairlinehasalsoconfirmedthatitisi