2024屆高考英語一輪總復(fù)習(xí)練案4必修1Unit4Earthquakes練習(xí)含解析新人教版

2024屆高考英語一輪總復(fù)習(xí)練案4必修1Unit4Earthquakes練習(xí)含解析新人教版必修一Unit4EarthquakesⅠ.閱讀理解A(2023·成都市高中畢業(yè)班三診)“Likeamonster,itdestroyseverything.”That'showoneschoolgirldescribedatsunami(海嘯)．OnDec.26,2004,amagnitude-9.1earthquakeinIndonesiasetoffamassivetsunami.Itkilledmorethan290,000peopleacrossadozencountriesandcostanestimated$10billionindamage.Nov.5isWorldTsunamiAwarenessDayandattheUnitedNations,disasterriskreductionwashighontheagenda.“WhatIcantellyouisthatthetsunamiwavecannotbestopped，”saidBulgariansU.N.AmbassadorGeorgiVelikovPanayotov.HewasonvacationinThailandin2004andsurvivedthetsunami.“Whatwecandoisbuildearlywarningsystemsand,ofcourse,educatethepopulationaboutthedamagingpowerofthetsunamiwave，”hesaid.OnMarch11,2011,amagnitude-9earthquakerockednortheasternJapantriggeringafiercetsunamithatalsodamagedtheFukushimaDaiichinuclearplant,southofSendai.“WhenthebigearthquakehitJapanin2011,peoplethoughtthatwewerepreparedforit，”saidJapan'sU.N.AmbassadorKoroBessho.“Itcausedseveredamage.Wehaddams;wehaddrills.However,wehadbeencountingonsomethingthathitsevery100yearsandtheearthquakewasofthesizeofpossiblyevery500yearsorthousandyears，”hesaid.Thesetwoeventssentthecountriesoftheregionintooverdrivetoreviewandimprovedisasterpreparedness.In2015theSendaiFrameworkforDisasterRiskReductionwasborn.Itaimstohelpcreateabetterunderstandingofdisasterriskandimprovepreparednessforaneffectiveresponse.Indonesiaismadeupofthousandsofislandswhicharedisaster-prone(災(zāi)害頻發(fā)的).WillemRampangilei,headofIndonesiaNationalBoardforDisasterManagement,saidhisgovernmentnowhasplansforeverydisaster-pronecity.Countriesatriskarealsoexpandingtheireducationprograms.Childrenfromanearlyagearetaughthowtoreactincaseofatsunamiandthengowiththeirclassmatestohighergroundawayfromcoastalareastoavoidthewallsofwaterthetsunamitriggers.文章大意：本文是一篇記敘文。主要介紹了兩次海嘯帶來的災(zāi)難及人們面對(duì)海嘯應(yīng)該做什么，并說明一些國(guó)家已在改進(jìn)災(zāi)害防范準(zhǔn)備工作以減少損害。1．WhatdoesGeorgiVelikovPanayotovmainlytalkabout？BA.Thegeneralfeaturesofatsunami.B．Waysforhumanstofaceatsunami.C．Hissufferinginthe2004tsunami.D．Thelosscausedbythe2004tsunami.解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)題干中的“GeorgiVelikovPanayotov”定位到第四段，根據(jù)GeorgiVelikovPanayotov所說的話“WhatIcantellyouisthatthetsunamiwavecannotbestopped”“Whatwecandoisbuildearlywarningsystemsand，ofcourse，educatethepopulationaboutthedamagingpowerofthetsunamiwave”可知，他主要談?wù)摰氖侨祟惷鎸?duì)海嘯的方式。故B項(xiàng)正確。2．InKoroBessho'sopinion,whydidthe2011earthquakecauseseveredamage？CA．Itcausedafiercetsunami.B．Itdestroyedanuclearplant.C．Thesizewasbeyondexpectation.D．Therewasnoeffectivedefensesystem.解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)題干中的“KoroBessho”定位到第六段，根據(jù)該段中的“Wehaddams；wehaddrills.However，wehadbeencountingonsomethingthathitsevery100yearsandtheearthquakewasofthesizeofpossiblyevery500yearsorthousandyears”可知，KoroBessho認(rèn)為地震規(guī)模超出了預(yù)期，造成了嚴(yán)重破壞。故C項(xiàng)正確。3．Whatcommonbeliefpusheddifferentcountriestotakeactiontofaceacomingtsunami？BA．Childrenshouldbeprotectedbyallmeans.B．Theimprovementofpreparednesscanreducedamage.C．Properresponseincaseofatsunamicansaveone'slife.D.Strongermeasuresshouldbetakenindisaster-proneareas.解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第七段第一句“Thesetwoeventssentthecountriesoftheregionintooverdrivetoreviewandimprovedisasterpreparedness.”可知，這些地區(qū)的國(guó)家都認(rèn)為改進(jìn)防災(zāi)準(zhǔn)備工作可以減少損害。故B項(xiàng)正確。4．Whichcanbethebesttitleofthetext？DA．WorldTsunamiAwarenessDayB．NationsAttackedbyaMassiveTsunamiC．TheUnpredictableandDestructiveDisasterD．LearnfromDisasterstoPreventFutureOnes解析：標(biāo)題判斷題。本文主要介紹了兩次海嘯帶來的災(zāi)難及人們面對(duì)海嘯應(yīng)該做什么，并說明一些國(guó)家已在改進(jìn)防災(zāi)準(zhǔn)備工作以減少損害。故D項(xiàng)“從災(zāi)難中學(xué)習(xí)以預(yù)防未來的災(zāi)難”最適合作本文標(biāo)題。B(2023·鄭州市高中畢業(yè)年級(jí)第三次質(zhì)檢)FiressweepingacrosstheAmazonrainforestareahottopicasscientistsandenvironmentalgroupsareworriedthattheywillworsenclimatechangecrisisandendangerbiodiversity(生物多樣性)．Asthelargestrainforestintheworld,theAmazonrainforestisoftencalled“thelungsoftheworld”.Itisalsohometoaboutthreemillionspeciesofplantsandanimals,andonemillionlocalpeople.Thevastareaoftherainforestplaysanimportantroleintheworld'secosystembecauseitabsorbsheatinsteadofreflectingheatbackintotheatmosphere.Italsostorescarbondioxideandproducesoxygen,ensuringthatlesscarbondioxideisreleased,reducingtheeffectsofclimatechange.“Anyforestdestroyedisadangertobiodiversityandthepeoplewhousethatbiodiversity，”ThomasLovejoy,anecologistatGeorgeMasonUniversitytoldNationalGeographic.“Thegreatdangeristhatalotofcarbondioxidegoesintotheatmosphere，”hestressed.“Inthemidstoftheglobalclimatecrisis,wecannotaffordmoredamagetoamajorsourceofoxygenandbiodiversity.TheAmazonrainforestmustbeprotected，”UNSecretaryGeneralAntónioGuterressaid.DatafromtheNationalInstituteforSpaceResearch(INPE)showthatthenumberofforestfiresinBrazilquicklyincreasedby82percentfromJanuarytoAugustayearago.Atotalof71,497forestfireswereregisteredinthecountryinthefirsteightmonthsof2019,upfrom39,194inthesameperiodin2018,INPEsaid.“WeestimatethattheforestareasintheBrazilianAmazonrainforesthavedecreasedbybetween20and30percentcomparedtothelast12months，”CarlosNobre,aresearcherattheUniversityofSaoPaulo,toldGermanbroadcasterDeutscheWelle.Brazilownsabout60percentoftheAmazonrainforest,whosedegradation(惡化)couldhavesevereconsequencesforglobalclimateandrainfall.Theextentofthearearuinedbyfireshasyettobedetermined,buttheemergencyhasgonebeyondBrazil'sborders.文章大意：本文是一篇說明文?？茖W(xué)家和環(huán)保組織擔(dān)心席卷亞馬遜雨林的火災(zāi)將加劇氣候變化危機(jī)，危及生物多樣性。而在2019年，位于巴西的部分亞馬遜雨林火災(zāi)數(shù)量顯著增加。5．Whatisthesecondparagraphmainlyabout？AA．ThegreatroleoftheAmazonrainforest.B．Theeffectsofconsistentclimatechange.C．Thecausesofthedecreasingbiodiversity.D．TheresultsoftheAmazonrainforestfires.解析：段落大意題。根據(jù)第二段中的“Asthelargestrainforestintheworld，theAmazonrainforestisoftencalled‘thelungsoftheworld’．Itisalsohometoaboutthreemillionspeciesofplantsandanimals，andonemillionlocalpeople.Thevastareaoftherainforestplaysanimportantroleintheworld'secosystem”可以判斷，第二段主要講述的是亞馬遜雨林的重要作用。故A項(xiàng)正確。6．Whydoestheauthormentionthefiguresinthefourthparagraph？DA.Toexplaintheprocessoftheresearch.B．Topresentthebadinfluenceofforestfires.C．Toprovethegreatimportanceoftherainforest.D．Toshowtheurgencyofprotectingtherainforest.解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段的數(shù)據(jù)可知，亞馬遜雨林地區(qū)森林火災(zāi)數(shù)量激增，而森林面積則在減少，故D項(xiàng)“為了說明保護(hù)亞馬遜雨林的迫切性”。正確。7．Whatdoestheauthorwanttotellusinthepassage？CA．Thedryweatherleadstotherainforestfires.B．Thebiodiversitymakestherainforestunique.C．Therainforestfiresresultinseriousconsequences.D．Theglobalclimatecrisisbringsmorerainforestfires.解析：寫作意圖題。根據(jù)對(duì)全文的整體理解，尤其是對(duì)最后一段“Brazilownsabout60percentoftheAmazonrainforest...beyondBrazil'sborders.”的理解可推知，作者寫這篇文章主要是為了告訴大家亞馬遜雨林火災(zāi)造成了嚴(yán)重的后果。故選C。8．Whichsectionofamagazinemightthispassageprobablybetakenfrom？BA．Climateandlife.B．Natureandgeography.C．Humankindandsociety.D．Scienceandtechnology.解析：文章出處題。本文主要介紹了席卷亞馬遜雨林地區(qū)的火災(zāi)可能會(huì)對(duì)全球氣候和生物多樣性造成傷害，引發(fā)嚴(yán)重的環(huán)境危機(jī)。據(jù)此可以判斷，這樣的文章一般會(huì)出現(xiàn)在雜志的“自然與地理”欄目。所以B項(xiàng)正確。Ⅱ.閱讀七選五(2023·廣州市一模)TropicalCyclonesHaveyoueverseenaTVweatherpersonpointingtoalarge,whitespiralofstormcloudsspinningovertheEarthonthevideoscreen?Ifso,thenyou'vegottenasmalllookatwhatthemostpowerfulstormintheworldlookslike—atropicalcyclone(熱帶氣旋)．1.FThewarmairattheequator(赤道)risesintotheatmosphere,coolsoff,andthensinksbackdown.Asthiscyclerepeatsitselfoverandoveragain,thestormbeginstogrowandthewindsaroundthestormbegintomovefaster.Dependingonwhereatropicalcycloneisintheworld,itiscalledeitherahurricane,atyphoon,oracyclone.IftropicalcyclonesmoveoverthenorthwesternPacificOcean,they'recalledtyphoons.2.GIntheSouthPacificortheIndianOcean,they'recalledcyclones.Thecenterofatropicalcycloneiscalledthe“eye”.3.DMostofthestrongwindsdonotreachtheeyeofthestorm,soitisthecalmestpart.4.BAtropicalcyclonethatisratedaCategory1istheweakest;itisstilldangerous,butthewindsarenotashigh.ACategory5tropicalcycloneisthestrongest;thistypeofstormcancausecatastrophicdamage.Oncethesetropicalcyclonescomeontoland,theynolongerhavethewarmoceanwatertheyneedtogrowlargerandconsequentlybecomeweaker.Thisdoesn'tstopthemfromcausingalotofdamagebeforetheygoaway.5.AA．Theystillmayproducestrongrainandeventornadoes.B．Tropicalcyclonesarecategorisedbasedontheirstrength.C．Theywithdrawasquicklyastheyarriveandleavethelanduntouched.D．Therestofthestormmovesinacirclearoundtheeyeatincrediblyhighspeed.E.Tropicalstormswithwindspeedsthatreach74milesperhourarecalledhurricanes.F.Tropicalcyclonesstartastropicalstormsthatforminwarmoceanwatersneartheequator.G.SuchstormsmovingoverthenortheasternPacificortheAtlanticOceanaretermedhurricanes.文章大意：本文是一篇說明文。主要介紹了熱帶氣旋的形成、名稱、級(jí)別等相關(guān)內(nèi)容。1．根據(jù)空后內(nèi)容可知，本段介紹熱帶氣旋是如何形成的，且F項(xiàng)中的“neartheequator”與空后一句中的“Thewarmairattheequator(赤道)”形成呼應(yīng)。所以選F項(xiàng)。2．根據(jù)段首句可知，本段主要介紹產(chǎn)生于不同地區(qū)的熱帶氣旋有不同的名稱，又結(jié)合空前一句中的“they'recalledtyphoons”和空后一句中的“they'recalledcyclones”可知，空處應(yīng)是介紹在什么地區(qū)產(chǎn)生的熱帶氣旋稱作颶風(fēng)。所以選G項(xiàng)。3．根據(jù)語境可知，D項(xiàng)中的“aroundtheeye”與空前一句“Thecenterofatropicalcycloneiscalledthe‘eye’”呼應(yīng)，此處應(yīng)是介紹風(fēng)眼周圍的狀況。所以選D項(xiàng)。4．本空是段首句。根據(jù)本段的關(guān)鍵詞“Category”可推知，本段主要介紹熱帶氣旋的級(jí)別。故B項(xiàng)符合題意。5．根據(jù)空前一句“Thisdoesn'tstopthemfromcausingalotofdamagebeforetheygoaway”可知，已經(jīng)減弱的熱帶氣旋仍然會(huì)有很大的破壞性，空處應(yīng)是進(jìn)一步介紹熱氣旋帶來的影響。故A項(xiàng)“它們?nèi)匀豢赡墚a(chǎn)生強(qiáng)降雨甚至龍卷風(fēng)?！狈险Z境。Ⅲ.語法填空(2021·四川省成都七中段測(cè))Ecotourismisanewtermintoday'stourismindustry.Itis1.typically(typical)consideredasanecologicallysustainabletourismwithaprimaryfocusonvisitingfragileandrelatively2.undisturbed(disturb)naturalareas,especiallytheoneswherespecialandunusualplants,animalsandculturalheritagesarethemainattractions.3.Ittakesecologyandcultureintoconsideration.Therefore,programs4.concerning(concern)theprotectionofsomenaturalandculturalspotsalsoformapartofecotourism.Ecotourismisdevelopingatan5.increasing(increase)speed.AccordingtoarecentreportbytheWorldTourismOrganization,ecotourisminrecentyearshasenjoyed6.anannualgrowthofabout5%worldwide.Sofar,morethan80activities7.havebeenlisted(list)forecotourismandtheyincludebirdwatching,hiking,diving,photographyandtakingpartin8.varieties(vary)oflocalculturalevents.Bigcitiesarestillthemajorplaces9.that/whichattracttouristsinoursocietytoday.However,itseemssomesmallertownsandcountryareasmaywellbecomethenewdestinationsforpeople10.tovisit(visit)tomorrowbecausetheyarerichinecological,culturalandhistoricalresources.文章大意：本文是一篇說明文。介紹了最近很流行的一種新型旅游方式：生態(tài)旅游。具體說明了這種旅游的特點(diǎn)及發(fā)展情況。1．考查副詞。在英語中副詞通常作狀語修飾形容詞、副詞、動(dòng)詞或整個(gè)句子，形容詞通常作定語(修飾名詞)或作表語。本句中使用副詞充當(dāng)狀語修飾謂語動(dòng)詞。所以要填typically。2．考查形容詞。句意：生態(tài)旅游通常被認(rèn)為是一種從生態(tài)學(xué)來看可以持續(xù)的旅游業(yè)，主要關(guān)注參觀脆弱的和相對(duì)未被打擾的自然地區(qū)。形容詞undisturbed意為“未被打擾的”與natural一致。所以要填undisturbed。3．考查代詞。句意：它考慮到生態(tài)和文化。句中代詞it指代上文出現(xiàn)的同一名詞ecotourism，故本句中要填I(lǐng)t。4．考查介詞。因此，關(guān)于保護(hù)自然和文化地點(diǎn)的項(xiàng)目也形成了生態(tài)旅游的一部分。介詞concerning意為“關(guān)于”，句中介詞短語concerningtheprotectionofsomenaturalandculturalspots充當(dāng)定語修飾名詞programs。所以要填介詞concerning。5．考查形容詞。句意：生態(tài)旅游正以越來越快的速度發(fā)展。句中increasing意為“不斷增加的，越來越……的”，充當(dāng)定語修飾名詞speed。所以本句中要填increasing。6．考查冠詞。句意：根據(jù)世界旅游協(xié)會(huì)，最近幾年生態(tài)旅游每年增加了百分之五。句中不定冠詞an修飾名詞短語annualgrowth表示泛指，而定冠詞the表示特指。所以要填an。7．考查時(shí)態(tài)語態(tài)。句意：到目前為止，超過80項(xiàng)活動(dòng)被列在了生態(tài)旅游業(yè)的名單里。本句主語morethan80activities與動(dòng)詞list構(gòu)成被動(dòng)關(guān)系，時(shí)間狀語sofar通常要和現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)連用。所以本句要填現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)形式havebeenlisted。8．考查名詞短語。句意：它們包括觀鳥、遠(yuǎn)足、跳水和攝影以及參加各種各樣的地方文化活動(dòng)。名詞短語varietiesof“各種各樣的”，在句中充當(dāng)定語修飾名詞短語localculturalevents。所以要填varieties。9．考查定語從句。句意：在當(dāng)今社會(huì)大城市仍然是吸引游客的主要地方。定語從句的先行詞是places，關(guān)系代詞that/which指代先行詞，引導(dǎo)定語從句并在句中充當(dāng)主語。所以要填that/which。10．考查不定式復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)。句意：鄉(xiāng)村地區(qū)也許會(huì)成為未來人們參觀的新的目的地。不定式的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)“forsbtodosth”是為了說明不定式動(dòng)作的發(fā)出者，在此作后置定語修飾thenewdestinations。所以本句中要填tovisit。Ⅳ.短文改錯(cuò)MyclassmatesandItakepartinawildnesssurvivalprogramfromJuly10thtoJuly13ththissummer.Beforewestarted,wegivenacompass,amap,afirst-aidkit,tents,food,anyclothesandsoon.Onthewayweclimbedthreemorehillsandswamacrosstworivers.Welostourwayintheforest.Luckywefoundtherightdirectionwithacompass.Assoonastheyarrivedatthecampsite,weputupourtents,madeafireandthenstartedcooking.Wealsolearnedwhattogivefirst-aid.Throughtheprogram,welearnedtouseknowledgegaininginclasstosolveproblem.Itwasquiteanunforgettableexperienceforme.答案：MyclassmatesandIeq\o(take,\s\do8(took))partinawildnesssurvivalprogramfromJuly10thtoJuly13ththissummer.Beforewestarted,weeq\o(∧,\s\do8(were))givenacompass,amap,afirst-aidkit,tents,food,eq\o(any,\s\do8(some))clothesandsoon.Onthewayweclimbedthreemorehillsandswamacrosstworivers.Welostourwayintheforest.eq\o(Lucky,\s\do8(Luckily))wefoundtherightdirectionwitheq\o(a,\s\do8(the))compass.Assoonaseq\o(they,\s\do8(we))arrivedatthecampsite,weputupourtents,madeafireandthenstartedcooking.Wealsolearnedeq\o(what,\s\do8(how))togivefirst-aid.Throughtheprogram,welearnedtouseknowledgeeq\o(gaining,\s\do8(gained))inclasstosolveeq\o(problem,\s\do8(problems)).Itwasquiteanunforgettableexperienceforme.解析：1．考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)語境應(yīng)用一般過去時(shí)。故take→took。2．考查動(dòng)詞的語態(tài)。句子的主語we是give的動(dòng)作承受者，應(yīng)用被動(dòng)語態(tài)。故we后加were。3．考查代詞。some“一些”，用在肯定句中；any“一些”，用在否定句和疑問句中。故any→some。4．考查代詞。根據(jù)上下文只有三座小山，應(yīng)去掉more。故hills前的more去掉。5．考查副詞。根據(jù)下文可知此處應(yīng)用副詞作狀語。故Lucky→Luckily。6．考查冠詞。根據(jù)前文提到compass應(yīng)用定冠詞the修飾。故a→the。7．考查代詞。根據(jù)主句的主語we判斷。故they→we。8．考查疑問詞與不定式連用。根據(jù)give后有賓語“firstaid”，不定式中缺少方式狀語。故what→how。9．考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。根據(jù)knowledge是gain的動(dòng)作承受者，應(yīng)用過去分詞修飾。故gaining→gained。10．考查名詞。根據(jù)problem前沒有限定詞，單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞不能單獨(dú)使用。故problem→problems。必修一Unit5NelsonMandela—amodernheroⅠ.完形填空(2023·惠州市第一次調(diào)研)Mymotherwasagiftgiver.Theoccasionnever1.A—Christmas,birthdays,anniversariesornooccasionatall.Shewasalwaysthinkingaboutwhomight2.Cwhat.Creativityand3.Awentintothegiftsshegave,andshe4.Bathank-younote.Onceshesentoutnotestoherownchildrenandgrandchildrenwhohadnotacknowledgedgifts,5.Cthattheywerenowonher“FecalRoster(黑名單)”andwouldnotberemoved6.Dshehadreceivedaproperthankyou.Evenifyoudidn't7.Aathankyou,she'dgiveyouanothergiftthenext8.Bshehad.Shefigured9.Bmannerswereyourproblem,nothers.EverytimeMomandDad10.Ctovisit,allofuswouldgatherinthedrivewayastheyunloadedluggage.Therewasalwayssomethingforthekids,11.Aacoupleoflittletoysorabig12.Cofhomemadecookies.Theyweren'tgiftsforparticularoccasions.Theywere13.D“Isn'tlifegreat？”gifts.Onespringwhentheycametovisit,shehandedmea14.Dbag.Insidewasapaintingthat15.A：“ASpecialDaughter.You've16.Dlaughterandjoytoourlivesandsomuchlovetoourhearts.Themostpreciousthingswecan17.Bforyouarethethingsyouhavegivenus...18.CandLove.”Momwasa19.Dgiftgiver,butthebestgiftswewillalwaysrememberherforwereherlovefor20.Aandherloveforus.文章大意：本文是一篇記敘文。講述了作者的母親喜歡給別人贈(zèng)送禮物來表達(dá)自己的愛意。她用自己的行動(dòng)表達(dá)了愛，傳播了生活的美好。1．A.mattered B．occurredC．varied D．a(chǎn)rose解析：根據(jù)空后的“Christmas，birthdays，anniversariesornooccasionatall”可知，母親的給予是不分場(chǎng)合的，即給予的場(chǎng)合不重要。故A項(xiàng)符合語境。2．A.wonder B．praiseC．enjoy D．a(chǎn)pprove解析：根據(jù)該句“Shewasalwaysthinkingaboutwhomight2what.”并結(jié)合常識(shí)可知，送禮物要根據(jù)別人的喜好，所以作者的母親會(huì)想別人喜歡什么。故選C項(xiàng)。3．A.thoughtfulness B．sympathyC．justice D．a(chǎn)uthority解析：根據(jù)“Shewasalwaysthinkingaboutwhomight2what.”和空前的“Creativity”可知，作者的母親經(jīng)常思考，所送的禮物既要有新意又要很體貼。thoughtfulness意為“體貼，關(guān)切”；sympathy意為“同情”；justice意為“公平”；authority意為“權(quán)威”。故選A項(xiàng)。4．A.ignored B．a(chǎn)ppreciatedC．promised D．resisted解析：根據(jù)第一段的第一句“Mymotherwasagiftgiver.”可知，作者的母親是一個(gè)給予者；結(jié)合該句中的“Creativityand3wentintothegiftsshegave,andshe4athank-younote.”可知，她很欣賞感謝便條。故B項(xiàng)正確。5．A.assuming B．a(chǎn)busingC．stating D．correcting解析：根據(jù)該句中的“Onceshesentoutnotestoherownchildrenandgrandchildrenwhohadnotacknowledgedgifts,5thattheywerenowonher‘FecalRoster(黑名單)’”可知，有一次她給收到禮物卻沒有表達(dá)感謝的孩子和孫子發(fā)了紙條，紙條上說他們現(xiàn)在在她的“黑名單”上。assume意為“假設(shè)”；abuse意為“濫用”；state意為“陳述，說明”；correct意為“糾正”。故選C項(xiàng)。6．A.once B．a(chǎn)fterC．when D．until解析：根據(jù)該句中的“shehadreceivedaproperthankyou”并結(jié)合上文可知，母親不會(huì)將孩子們(的名字)從“黑名單”上刪除，直到她收到一句謝謝。故選D項(xiàng)。7．A.send B．purchaseC．conduct D．obtain解析：根據(jù)上文可知，作者的母親送禮物的時(shí)候，希望得到一句謝謝。send意為“發(fā)送”；purchase意為“購買”；conduct意為“進(jìn)行”；obtain意為“獲得”。故選A項(xiàng)。8．A.moment B．chanceC．festival D．holiday解析：根據(jù)第一段第二句中的“Christmas，birthdays，anniversariesornooccasionatall”可知，不只是在節(jié)假日，母親在很多情況下都會(huì)準(zhǔn)備禮物；結(jié)合該句中的“she'dgiveyouanothergiftthenext8shehad”可知，她會(huì)在下一次有機(jī)會(huì)時(shí)贈(zèng)給你另一件禮物。B項(xiàng)意為“機(jī)會(huì)”，符合語境。9．A.mistaken B．badC．silly D．ridiculous解析：她認(rèn)為沒有禮貌是你的問題，而不是她的問題。得到禮物不回謝應(yīng)該是沒有禮貌的行為。故B項(xiàng)符合語境。10．A.walkedby B．wanderedaroundC．droveover D．rodeaway解析：根據(jù)空后的“allofuswouldgatherinthedrivewayastheyunloadedluggage”可知，作者的父母是開車過去的。driveover意為“驅(qū)車前來”，符合語境。故選C項(xiàng)。11．A.often B．a(chǎn)lwaysC．never D．seldom解析：根據(jù)該句中的“Therewasalwayssomethingforthekids”及下文可知，他們總是給孩子們帶一些東西，通常是一些小玩具或者是自制的餅干。故選A項(xiàng)。12．A.tank B．cageC．container D．holder解析：根據(jù)該句中的“acoupleoflittletoysorabig12ofhomemadecookies”及常識(shí)可知，餅干是放在盒子之類的容器(container)里的。tank意為“(貯放液體或氣體的)箱”；cage意為“籠子”；holder意為“持有者”，均不符合語境。故選C項(xiàng)。13．A.fairly B．a(chǎn)pparentlyC．especially D．simply解析：根據(jù)該句和前一句“Theyweren'tgiftsforparticularoccasions.”可知，它們不是為特殊場(chǎng)合而準(zhǔn)備的禮物，只是(simply)關(guān)于“難道生活不美好嗎？”的禮物?！癐sn'tlifegreat？”gifts可以理解為“彰顯生活美好的禮物”。故選D項(xiàng)。14．A.cookie B．toyC．hand D．gift解析：一個(gè)春天，當(dāng)作者的父母來拜訪時(shí)，母親遞給作者一個(gè)禮物包。結(jié)合第一段中的“Mymotherwasagiftgiver.”可知，這里指“禮物包”。故選D項(xiàng)。15．A.read B．toldC．wrote D．a(chǎn)ppeared解析：根據(jù)空后的“ASpecialDaughter.You've...andLove.”并結(jié)合該句可知，禮物包里面是一幅畫，畫上寫著下文中的幾句話。read“寫著”，符合語境。故選A。16．A.showed B．a(chǎn)wardedC．devoted D．brought解析：此處表示，你為我們的生活帶來歡笑和歡樂，對(duì)我們的愛如此之深。由常識(shí)可知，此處表示孩子為父母帶來歡聲笑語。故選D項(xiàng)。17．A.apply B．wishC．recommend D．a(chǎn)sk解析：根據(jù)該句中的“Themostpreciousthingswecan17foryouarethethingsyouhavegivenus”可知，父母希望子女得到的是子女給予他們的，即歡聲笑語和愛。故選B項(xiàng)。18．A.Assistance B．PrivilegeC．Happiness D．Satisfaction解析：根據(jù)上文中的“You've16laughterandjoytoourlivesandsomuchlovetoourhearts”及空后的“Love”并結(jié)合選項(xiàng)可知，孩子可以為父母帶來幸福和愛。assistance意為“援助”；privilege意為“特權(quán)”；happiness意為“幸?！?；satisfaction意為“滿意”。故選C項(xiàng)。19．A.extreme B．seriousC．grand D．great解析：根據(jù)本文第一句“Mymotherwasagiftgiver.”并結(jié)合上下文可知，母親是一個(gè)極好的禮物贈(zèng)送者。故選D項(xiàng)。20．A.life B．kidsC．families D．gifts解析：根據(jù)該句中的“butthebestgiftswewillalwaysrememberherforwereherlovefor20andherloveforus”可知，此處表示我們永遠(yuǎn)記得她給的最好的禮物是她對(duì)生活的熱愛和她對(duì)我們的愛。從文中作者母親的行為可以看出作者的母親對(duì)生活的熱愛。故A項(xiàng)符合語境。Ⅱ.閱讀理解(2021·北京市高考適應(yīng)性測(cè)試)Growingup,DekaIsmailsayssheletlabelsdefinewhatshecouldbe.“Iwasablackgirl,fromarefugee(難民)family，”Dekasaid.“ItwasasifIwasonlyallowedtoexploreinthispredeterminedbox.”Afterahighschoolchemistryclassinspiredhertothinkaboutacareerinscienceandgaveherconfidenceinthefield,Dekalearnedtoliveoutsidelabelsandbeganmakingbigplansforherfuture.NowsheisabouttobeginherfreshmanyearattheUniversityofCalifornia,planningtobecomeaprofessor.BornandraisedinSanDiego'sCityHeightsneighbourhood,DekaisthedaughterofaSomalirefugeecouple.WhilesomemightsayDeka'ssuccesshappenedinspiteofherbackground,shewouldsaydifferently,thatherexperiencesshapedherandinspiredhertobethedriven,youngscientistthatsheistoday.WhenDekawaseightyearsold,hermothergotajobbystudyinghardbackinschoolinordertosupportthewholefamily.ThatmadeDekarealizethateducationcouldmakeadifferencetoone'slife.Shespentalotoftimeinthelibraryreadingbooks,anddidn'tdomanyofthethingsherpeersdid,likepartyingorhavingromanticrelationships.“IalwaysfeltlikeIhadtobetheperfectgirlformyfamily，”Dekasaid.“Youhavetonotevendoyourbestbuttwotimesbetterthaneveryoneelse.Ifeltlikethewholeworldwaswaitingformetomessup.”Deka'seffortspaidoff.Thesummerbeforehersenioryearofhighschool,shewasacceptedtotheAmericanChemicalSocietyProjectSEEDProgramme.“Shebroughtbothenthusiasmandfocus，”Botham,aresearcheratthisresearchinstitute,recalled.“Shearrivedeverydayreadytowork,readytolearnandreadytotacklenewchallengesregardlessofwhetherornotshehaddoneanythingsimilar.”Whenaskedwhatadviceshewouldgivetootherslikeher,Dekawarnedthemnottounderestimatethemselves.“Don'ttellyourselfthatscholarshipistoobigorthisprogrammeistoocompetitiveorI'llnevergetintothisschool,”shesaid.“IwasnotsurewhetherIcouldmakeituntilIstartedseeingtheacceptancelettersrollingin.”文章大意：本文是一篇記敘文。講述了DekaIsmail如何通過自己的不懈努力取得成功的故事。1．Fromthepassage,wecanlearnthatD.A．DekawasadoptedbyarefugeefamilyB．DekaspentalotoftimegoingtopartiesC．DekabecameaprofessoraftergraduationD．Deka'sexperiencesdrovehertoworkhard解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段中“WhilesomemightsayDeka'ssuccesshappenedinspiteofherbackground，shewouldsaydifferently,thatherexperiencesshapedherandinspiredhertobethedriven,youngscientistthatsheistoday.”可知是她的經(jīng)歷促使她努力工作。所以答案選D。2．DekarealizedtheimportanceofeducationA.A．fromhermother'sexperienceB．a(chǎn)fterherchemistryclassC．byreadingbooksinthelibraryD．throughworkingattheinstitute解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第四段中“WhenDekawaseightyearsold，hermothergotajobbystudyinghardbackinschoolinordertosupportthewholefamily.ThatmadeDekarealizethateducationcouldmakeadifferencetoone'slife.”可知是她母親的經(jīng)歷讓她知道教育的重要性。所以答案選A。3．Accordingtothelastparagraph,DekaadvisedthatstudentsbeB.A．patient B．confidentC．a(chǎn)mbitious D．generous解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中她所說的話可知做事情不要害怕困難，要有信心。所以答案選B。4．Whatdoesthestoryintendtotellus？DA．Lifeisnotallroses. B．Practicemakesperfect.C．Wellbegunishalfdone. D．Hardworkleadstosuccess.解析：主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容可知Deka通過自己的不懈努力取得了成功可知答案選D。Ⅲ.閱讀七選五(2023·武漢市高中畢業(yè)班六月)Ithadlongbeentroublingalittleboythathisdeskmatecouldrank1stintheclasseverytimewhilehefailedto:heonlyranked21st.Athome,heaskedhismom,“Mom,amImorestupidthanothers?IfeelIamashardworkingashim,buthowcomeIalwaysfallbehind？”1.CInanothertest,theboyranked15th,andhisdeskmateremained1st.Backhome,heraisedthesamequestion.2.BHowever,wasthisanswerinherson'sbestinterest？Thankgoodnessshedidnotopenhermouth.Thereweretimesshewantedtotellhim,“YourfatherandIusedtobeoutstanding.Whyaren'tyoujustasclever？”Butshestoppedbecauseshefeltitwascrueltoblamehimandthatsheneededabetteranswer.3.GToreducetheburdenonhersonwhowassufferingfromthepainsofunsatisfyinggradesandrankings,Momdecidedtotakehimtothesea.Duringthetrip,shemanagedtogiveoutananswer.Now,theboynolongerworriesabouthisrankingsbecause,withthe1stranking,heisadmittedtoatopuniversity.4.FInthelecture,hementionedvaluableexperience,“WhenmymotherandIwerelyingonthebeach,shepointedtothefrontandsaid,‘Doyouseetheseabirdsoverthere?Whenthewavescomenear,littlebirdscanrisequicklywhileitwouldtakelongerforclumsyseagullstocompletetheprocess.However,haveyounoticedbirdsthatfinallyflyacrosstheendlessoceanarenoneotherthanclumsyseagulls？’5.D”Themovingspeechaffectedmanymotherspresentintotears,includinghismother.A．Feelingsadforherson'sfailure,Momscoldedhim.B．Momreallywantedtotellhersonthatintelligencediffers.C．Hearingthewords,shewentwordless,notknowinghowtoexplain.D．Youmightbeabitslower,butyouwillbetheonewhowillmakeit!E.Momwassoproudofherson'ssuccessthatsheoftentoldthattoothers.F.Backtohishighschool,hewasinvitedtogiveaspeechtothestudentsandparents.G.Timeflyingswiftly,despitegreatefforts,hewasstillunabletokeepupwithhisdeskmate.文章大意：本文是一篇記敘文。一個(gè)男孩為成績(jī)不如同桌而苦惱，問他的媽媽他是不是比別人笨。媽媽沒有正面回答男孩的問題而是帶他去了海邊，讓他注意笨拙的鳥竟然是最終飛越大海的。后來，男孩以第一名的成績(jī)被一所好大學(xué)錄取。1．根據(jù)空前的“Mom，amImorestupidthanothers？IfeelIamashardworkingashim，buthowcomeIalwaysfallbehind？”可知，空處應(yīng)是表述媽媽聽到男孩的提問后的反應(yīng)，C項(xiàng)“聽了這些話，她說不出話來，不知道如何解釋?！狈险Z境。故C項(xiàng)正確。2．根據(jù)空前的“thesamequestion”和空后一句“However，wasthisanswerinherson'sbestinterest？”可知，然而他的媽媽不知道這樣的回答是否對(duì)男孩有利；據(jù)此可知，空處應(yīng)是表述媽媽想要回答男孩的問題。故B項(xiàng)正確。3．根據(jù)空后一句“Toreducetheburdenonhersonwhowassufferingfromthepainsofunsatisfyinggradesandrankings，Momdecidedtotakehimtothesea.”可知，為了減輕兒子因成績(jī)和排名不滿意而痛苦的負(fù)擔(dān)，媽媽決定帶他去海邊。據(jù)此可知，空處應(yīng)描述男孩因成績(jī)和排名不滿意而痛苦的情況。故G項(xiàng)符合語境。4．根據(jù)空后的“Inthelecture”可知，F(xiàn)項(xiàng)“高中時(shí)，他被邀請(qǐng)給學(xué)生和家長(zhǎng)演講”。符合語境。5．根據(jù)空前男孩分享的經(jīng)歷(笨拙的鳥竟然是最終飛越大海的)可知，空處應(yīng)是他對(duì)這次經(jīng)歷的總結(jié)，即“你可能會(huì)有一點(diǎn)慢，但你會(huì)是那個(gè)成功的人！”。故D項(xiàng)正確。Ⅳ.語法填空(2023·廣州市二模)It'sjustanotherdayforWilliamLindesay.Itbeginsbyspendingsometimewithhissons...andtheGreatWallofChina.Hehaslostcountofthenumberoftimeshe1.hasclimbed(climb)thewall.However,hestillremembersthedaywhenhefirstsaw2.it.TheUKnativefirstcametoChinain1986withoneofthe3.plans(plan)torunthewall'sentire4.length(long)—butitdidn'tquiteworkoutthattime.Hecamebackayearlateandfulfilledhisdream,beforefinallysettlinginChinain1990.LindesayhashadeightbooksontheGreatWall5.published(publish)overtheyears.Hehascompletedthreephotoprojectsthatshow6.howithaschangedwiththepassageoftimeandledconservationeffortstoprotectit.NowheandhisChinesefriendsareusingdrones(無人機(jī))7.tofilm(film)theGreatWall,whichprovidesa8.completely(complete)newandfascinatingperspective.Inmanyways,theGreatWallhasdefinedLindesay'slife.Hissoloadventure9.is/was/hasbeendescribed(describe)as“themostsuccessfulforeignexplorationoftheGreatWall”.Heevenreceivedamedal10.fromtheChinesegovernmentforhisconservationefforts.文章大意：本文是一篇說明文。英國(guó)人WilliamLindesay爬了無數(shù)次長(zhǎng)城，出版了八本關(guān)于長(zhǎng)城的書，為保護(hù)長(zhǎng)城做出了貢獻(xiàn)，被中國(guó)政府授予獎(jiǎng)?wù)隆?．考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和主謂一致。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空處為從句的謂語，根據(jù)主句中的“haslost”并結(jié)合語境可知，空處應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，又其主語為“he”。所以填hasclimbed。2．考查代詞。根據(jù)語境可知，空處代指上文提到的長(zhǎng)城。所以填it。3．考查名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)。plan是可數(shù)名詞，根據(jù)空前的“oneof”知，此處應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)形式。所以填plans。4．考查名詞。根據(jù)空前的形容詞entire可知，空處應(yīng)為名詞，且指城墻的整個(gè)長(zhǎng)度。所以填length。5．考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知